I Chien tranh the' gidi thii hai khdng chi lam lung lay he thd'ng thuc dan the' gidi, ma cdn lam cho ndi bd cac nude tu ban phat sinh nhiing thay doi xa
v ly thiic he trong khudn khd chien tranh lanh My da khdng cdt diit quan he di chinh quyin Tudng Gidi Thach, khdng cdng khai thiia nhan chinh quyin
3.1.2. Nude Cong hoa nhan dan Trung Hoa ra ddi va su hinh thanh lien minh Trung X6 i 11
Ngay 1-10-1949, Chinh phu Trung uong nude Cong hda nhan dan Trung Hoa chinh thiic thanh lap tai Bdc Kinh, 3 gid chilu ciing ngay, tai quang trudng Thien An Mdn, Chu tich Mao Trach Ddng thay mat Chinh phu Trung uong tuyen bd vl su ra ddi cua nude Cdng hda nhan dan Trung Hoa, danh dau mdt budc ngoat trong lich su Trung Qud'c va mdt giai doan mdi ciia lich sir the gidi.
"Cuong linh chung Hdi nghi chinh tri hiep thuong nhan dan Trung Qud'c" da chi rd phuong hudng co ban trong chinh sach ddi ndi, dd'i ngoai ciia Nha nudCiTrung Qud'c mdi. Vl dd'i ngoai, Cuong linh chung vach rd nguyen tdc ciia chinh sach ngoai giao cua nude Cong hda nhan dan Trung Hoa la "bao ve ddc lap, tu do, toan ven lanh thd cua dat nude; img hd hda binh lau dai tren the gidi va su hop tac hiJu nghi giiia nhan dan cac nude, phan ddi chinh sach xam lugc va chinh sach chien tranh ciia chu nghia de qudc" [44,33]... Nude Cdng hoa nhai^ dan Trung Hoa lien hiep vdi tat ca cac nude va nhan dan yen chuong hda binh, tu do tren the gidi, trudc bet la lien hiep vdi Lien Xd, cac nude dan chu nhan dan va cac dan tdc bi ap biic diing vl phe hda binh dan chii qudc te, ciing chd'ng chu nghia de qudc xam lugc de bao ve hda binh lau dai ciia the gidi.
Dong thdi, vdi viec tuyen bd chinh sach "nhat bien dao" ciia Mao Trach Ddng trong mgt bai phat bieu vao thang 6-1949 da cho tha'y nude Cong hda nhan dan Trung Hoa khdng dinh diing ban vl phe xa hdi chii nghia va thiet lap quan he dong minh hiiu nghi vdi Lien Xd, chdng lai My va cac nude phuong Tay. Trong chuyen di tham Lien Xd tii ngay 16-12-1949, Lien Xd va Trung Qud'c da y ket Hiep ude bun nghi ddng minh tuong trg Xd - Trung vao ngay 14-2-1950 tuong tu hiep ude ma Lien Xd da ky vdi cac nude Ddng Au, danh da'u su lien minh toan dien giiia hai nude. Mao Trach Ddng da nhan xet tren dudng trd vl Trung Qud'c rdng: "Ngudi ta cd the trdng tha'y, qua hiep ude nay, su doan ke't giiia nhan dan hai nude Trung - Xd da gan chat, se cdn mai mai,
i
khdng the pha hoai va khdng ai cd the chia cdt dugc. Su doan ket nay, khdng nhiing cd anh hudng den su phdn thinh ciia hai nude Trung - Xd, ma cdn anh hudng de'n tuong lai nhan loai, anh hudng de'n hda binh the' gidi va thang lgi cua chinh nghia." [17, 268].
Chie'n thdng cua Dang Cong san b Trung Qud'c va lien minh Xd - Trung
hinh thanh la mgt ddn manh ddi vdi chinh quyen Truman. Du luan My dd ldi cho chinh quyin vl viec de mat Trung Qud'c vao tay cdng san, va ndi lo au vl "lan sdng do" tran tur chau Au sang chau A da khien cho su ghi trich cang gia tang. De dd'i phd vdi tinh hinh nay, Chinh phii My cho cdng bd "Sach trdng" vl quan he My - Xd de khang dinh rdng that bai cua Qud'c dan dang d Trung Qud'c la hoan toan do ldi ciia hg; vien trg My cd the giiip ich phan nao nhung khdng the lam xoay chuyen tinh the. Nhung ngugc lai, cudn sach da cham ngdi chQ,mg|: cudc tranh luan gay gdt trong chinh quyin vl ban chat va tdm quan trgng cua viec de mat Trung Qud'c. Cho du cd nhiing y kien tranh cai vl quan he vdi Trung Qud'c, nhung tat ca gidi lanh dao Hoa Ky dIu thdng nhat rdng vdi su ra ddi cua nude Cdng hda nhan dan Trung Hoa, hdu het Ddng Bdc A da bi chi phdi bdi chu nghia cdng san. Vdi vi tri la thi trudng chien lugc - ca y^ mat tieu thu hang hda va cung cap nguyen lieu thd - ddi vdi Nhat Ban, viec
khu vuc nay nga theo chii nghia cdng san dat ra mdt thach tbire Idn ddi vdi cdng cudc phuc hoi kinh te Nhat Ban ma My dang day cdng theo dudi, va tao ra nguy ca rang Nhat Ban cd the se ngbieng vl thuong lugng vdi Trung Qudc de tu dan xep nhung vdn dl d chau A, xa rdi vdng kiem soat cua My, va ket qua la pha vo nhiing muc tieu ma My da mat nhilu cdng siic dl gianh dugc trong va sau Chien tranh the gidi thii hai. Chinh vi the. My cdn phai cd nhiing dinh hudng thay ddi Idn trong chinh sach de dd'i phd vdi mdi nguy co vl mgt "Trung Qudc dd", ma dd'i vdi nhilu ngudi My cdn nguy hiem hon ca mdi de dga ciia Lien Xd.