- D~n xuat benzamid: sulpirid, remoxiprid.
cn« phflm va lieu dung
- Che' pham: Aminazin.
+Dang u6ng: vien nen 10- 200mg; dung dich uong hoac siro 10- 100mg/ 5mL.
+Dang thu6c dan: vien 25 va 100mg.
+Dang tiem: 6ng tiem 25mg/ mL. - Lieu dung:
+U6ng: 10- 25mg/ Mnx 2- 4 l~n/ 24h.
+Tiem 25- 50mg/ Mn x 3- 4 l~n/ ngay.
2.2. Cae phenothiazin khae
Fluphenazin, promazin, trifluopromazin, perphenazin, prochlorperazin, trifluoperazin, mesoridazin va thioridazin dgu co tac d\lng ch6ng r6i lo~n tam th~n tudng t~ clorpromazin. Trong do, fluphenazin co hi~u l~c m~nh nhat. D~ng mu6i decanoat cua fluphenazin tiem blip mQt ligu co th~ duy tri tac d\lng dU9C2- 3 tu~n, rat phu h<;1pvoi ngudi khong dung dU9CdUdng u6ng. Khi dung dUdng u6ng, khong dU9Cdung cung voi d6 an, thuc u6ng co chua pectin, tanin, cafein vi gay tudng taco
3.DANXUAT BUTYROPHENON
Haloperidol (Haldol, Peridol, Fortunan) DUlJc df}ng h9C
Hap thu t6t qua dUdng tieu hoa. Sinh kha d\lng 60-70%. Sau khi u6ng 4- 6 gid, thu6c d~t n6ng dQt6i da trong mau nhung tr~ng thai can b~ng d~t dU9csau 1 tu~n digu trio Lien ke't voi protein huye't tUdng 90%. N6ng dQ thu6c trong huye't tudng thay d5i theo ca th~ ngudi b~nh. Chuy~n hoa chu ye'ud gan b~ng
ph an irng khu alkyl oxy hoa, Thai tru qua than va mat, Thci gian ban thai
khoang 24 gic;
Tacdung
- Tren than kinh trung uong va tam than, thuoc co tac dung tuong tu clorpromazin va cac d~n xuat khac cua phenothiazin: chong r5i loan tam than manh, giam 10 au, chong non manh, giam dau va gay hQi chung ngoai thap.
- Tren than kinh thuc vat: rfft it tac dung len h~ than kinh thuc vat, olieu dieu tri, thuoc khong gay huy giao cam va pho giao cam, khong khang histamin nhung gay gian co giong' papaverin.
Ttic dl!-ngkhongmong muon
Tuong tu clorpromazin, haloperidol gay ngu ga, r5i loan ngoai thap, hQi chung Parkinson, r5i loan nQi tiet, tang tiet sua va chung vii to d dan ong. Tuy nhien, thuoc it gay tac dung khong mong muon tren than kinh th\iC v~t.
Chi dinh
- Chuyen khoa tam thftn: dieu tri cac tr~ng thai tam thftn cffp va m~n tinh: tam thftn hung cam, hoang tUdng, tam thftn v~n dQng, tam thftn phan li~t, ao giac va tr~ng thai me mQng, III l~n kern kich dQng.
- Chuyen khoa khac: ch5ng non, tien me, giam dau nhfft la sau chieu x~ b~nh ung thu.
Chong chi dinh
- M~n cam voi haloperidol.
- Qua lieu thu5c uc che thftn kinh trung udng. - B~nh Parkinson.
- Roi lo~n chuy~n hoa porphyrin. Ph5i hQp voi levodopa.
- Th~ trQng vOingttdi rOllo~ ngo~ thap, dQngkinh, trftm cam, CUdnggiap.
Tlidng tac thuoc
TUdng t\i clorpromazin.
- Ngoai ra, cac thuoc gay cam ling enzym chuy~n hoa thuoc d gan nhu carbamazepin, rifampicin ... lam giam ho~c mfft tac d\1ng clla haloperidol. - Voi methyldopa: gay h~ huyet ap m~nh.
- Voi thuoc ch5ng viem khong steroid: d~ gay ngli ga va III l~n n~ng.
- Voi levodopa: lam giam tac d\1ng clla levodopa dang thdi lam mfft tac d\1ng uc che tam thftn clla clorpromazin, vi v~y khong dUQcdung phoi hQp.
Che'phtim va lieu dung
- Che' pham: Vien nen 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 5; 10 va 20mg. Dung dich uong 0,05% va 0,2%. ang tiem 5mg, 50mg va 100mg/ mL.
- Lieu dung: thuong dung 0,5- 5mg/lful x2-31ful/24h. Lieu Wi da: 100mg/24h.