the uptake of aromatic amino acids by the brain of mature and newborn rats
Báo cáo y học: " Albumin dialysis improves hepatic encephalopathy and decreases circulating phenolic aromatic amino acids in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and severe liver failure" doc
... ammonia levels, and the concentration of total amino acids, branched amino acids, phenolic aromatic amino acids and tryptophan by high-performance liquid chromatography Briefly, the blood samples ... results from the correction of the abnormal amino acid profile, basically by decreasing phenolic aromatic amino acids These results may explain at least in part the hopeful effects of albumin dialysis ... the accumulation of neurotoxic or neuroactive substances in the brain, including ammonia, manganese, aromatic amino acids, mercaptans, phenols, short-chain fatty acids and others Prevention and...
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Effects of novel purine analogs and the role of aromatic amino acids on MRP4 functions
... substitution of Trp with Cys reduced the affinity of MRP1 for LTC4, but the transport capacities of the mutant and wild-type proteins are comparable On the other hand, uptake of E217ßG by the W1246C-MRP1 ... localized in the endothelial cells of capillaries in the brain and serves to prevent the penetration of cytotoxin across the endothelium, which forms the blood -brain barrier (Sharom et al., 1998) The ... affecting the structure of the plasma membrane, the cytosolic pH, and the rates and extent of intracellular transport of membrane (Simon and Schindlert 1994 ) There are several mechanisms of MDR The...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Tumor necrosis factor-mediated inhibition of interleukin-18 in the brain: a clinical and experimental study in head-injured patients and in a murine model of closed head injury." pot
... wavelength of 405 nm The experimental part of the study was set-up on two different protocols with the aim to assess the TNF-dependent regulation of IL-18 in the murine brain: (1) The first part of the ... was granted by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of the University of Zurich and of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem In the clinical part of the study on CHI patients, the mean IL-18 ... provided by the manufacturer, the IL-18 assay recognizes both the mature and the pro-form of IL-18 All concentrations below the detection limit of pg/mL (IL18) or pg/ml (TNF) were assigned a value of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Effect of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether on the spermatogenesis in pubertal and adult rats" pdf
... compared to the control spermatogenesis of rats (Fig 4) In adult rats, the treatment of EGEE at the dose of 400 mg/kg caused a significant decrease of relative proportion in mature and immature haploid ... Epididymis The weights of testes and epididymis were normalized by 100 g of body weight The administration of EGEE at the doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg increased significantly (p
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Protein Shakes for the Brain 90 Games and Exercises to Work Your Mind''s Muscle to the Max 90 Games and Exercises to Work Your Mind''s Muscle to the Max
... these historical events occurred? The first man on the moon The sinking of the Titanic The Boston Tea Party The Wall Street crash The discovery of America by Christopher Columbus The end of the ... occurred? The start of World War II The battle of the Little Bighorn The Chernobyl disaster The death of Princess Diana The Los Angeles Olympic Games The start of Ronald Reagan’s presidency The crowning ... What is celebrated in the United States on July 4th? a The approval of the Declaration of Independence b The signing of the Declaration of Independence c The first battle in the Revolutionary War...
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Báo cáo y học: "Effect of interleukin-1β on spinal cord nociceptive transmission of normal and monoarthritic rats after disruption of glial function" pot
... standard laboratory conditions and were given food and water ad libitum With the purpose of knowing the monoarthritic and hyperalgesic condition of the rats, we measured the circumference of the ... modify the pronociceptive effect of intrathecal IL-1β on the electrophysiological parameters This was carried out by comparing in propentofylline- and saline-treated rats, the effect of intrathecally ... receiving intrathecal injections of saline (S) for 10 days served as controls Thus, the four groups of rats were: NP rats which were normal rats receiving intrathecal propentofylline; NS rats which...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Weak organic acid stress inhibits aromatic amino acid uptake by yeast, causing a strong influence of amino acid auxotrophies on the phenotypes of membrane transporter mutants ppt
... biosynthetic pathway These were then tested for their sensitivities to both acetate and sorbate Growth of the wild-type (BY4 741), together with its aro and trp mutant derivatives on acetate and ... several of the enzymes of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis therefore hypersensitize yeast to weak organic acid stress We also investigated the growth of this same series of strains after they had ... auxotrophy for aromatic amino acids in wild-type cells, but rather is causing high sensitivity to any requirement for the cells to catalyse uptake of aromatic amino acids from the medium Probably...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: The mechanism of a-proton isotope exchange in amino acids catalysed by tyrosine phenol-lyase doc
... automatically the positions of the a-proton and the side chain of any bound amino acid The lability of the a-proton observed for a large number of amino acids [5] under the action of TPL gives ... bond between the Lys257 amino group and a water molecule providing a favorable mutual orientation of the amino group, the water, and the a-proton of the external aldimine The formation of a symmetrical ... in the active site; (b) the statistical factor taking account of the ratio of protons and deuterons on the considered group when the latter is polyprotic; (c) the degree of restriction of the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: The ATPase activities of sulfonylurea receptor 2A and sulfonylurea receptor 2B are influenced by the C-terminal 42 amino acids doc
... (site and site 2) that comprise the Walker A and Walker B motifs of one NBD and the linker domain of the other In the absence of Mg2+, there is little difference in ATP block of Kir6.2 ⁄ SUR2A and ... NBD2A and NBD2B could result from an inhibitory effect of the C-terminal 42 amino acids of NBD2B or a stimulatory effect of the equivalent amino acids of NBD2A To determine which of these hypotheses ... lacked the last 42 amino acids Figure 2A and Table show that the ATPase activity of NBD2-DC was greater than that of SUR2B but similar to that of NBD2A, favoring the idea that the last 42 amino acids...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Transport of taurocholate by mutants of negatively charged amino acids, cysteines, and threonines of the rat liver sodium-dependent taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide Ntcp docx
... charged amino acids and cysteines Tagging of Ntcp mutants by the FLAGÒ motif To determine whether the wild-type and the mutant proteins are expressed and located on the surface of the oocytes, the ... taurocholate uptake because mutations in these amino acids caused lack of transport; the amino acids in question are Asp115, Glu257, and Cys266 All of these are conserved in SBATs and are found also in the ... rats begins by uptake across the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes via the high affinity, Fig Detection of the presence of Ntcp proteins in the cell membrane of X laevis oocytes by the reporter...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Local stability identification and the role of a key aromatic amino acid residue in staphylococcal nuclease refolding pdf
... in the overall (tertiary) structure of the protein Figure shows the fluorescence spectra of wild-type SNase and the four mutants E142O, K133A, W140A and W140O The fluorescence spectra of E142O and ... analysis of protein unfolding The DSC curves of the wild-type protein and the mutants K133A, E142O, W140A and W140O are shown in Fig 3, with their thermodynamic parameters summarized in Table The ... that of the wild-type protein However, the fluorescence in the mutants without tryptophan at 140 (W140A and W140O) was much lower than both the wild-type protein and mutants E142O and K133A Thermal...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Amino acids at the N- and C-termini of human glutamate carboxypeptidase II are required for enzymatic activity and proper folding pptx
... verify these amino acid assignments, Speno et al [19] mutated the putative zinc ligands, putative substrate-binding residues and other amino acids situated in the vicinity of these residues The ... NAAG-hydrolyzing activity (the 44/736 variant), and the C-terminal extension (addition of the V5-His tag in the case of the 44/750_V5-His variant) reduced the activity by a factor of > 104 Furthermore, C-terminal ... absence of the intracellular and transmembrane domains does not influence carboxypeptidase activity of GCPII and neither does the attachment of the HisXpress epitope at the N-terminus of the 44/750...
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Effects of compost and phosphate amendments on arsenic mobility in soils and arsenic uptake by the hyper
... pH of the CCA soil was probably due to the similar pH of the soil and each of the amendments The application of the neutral pH amendments increased pH of the acidic ASC soil at first However, there ... with the method of Johnson and Pilson (1972) The molybdenum blue method was performed by both with and without the cysteine reduction of As(V) The difference between these two results yields the ... As from the CCA soil and 14.4% from the ASC soil The enhanced uptake of As in the phosphate treatment was attributable to the displacement of soil As by P from adsorption sites into the soil...
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Báo cáo khóa học: Vertical-scanning mutagenesis of amino acids in a model N-myristoylation motif reveals the major amino-terminal sequence requirements for protein N-myristoylation ppt
... N-myristoylation, and the amino acid requirements at this position were significantly affected by the amino acid at position [25] Therefore, we next determined the effect of the amino acid at position on the amino ... amino acids, and their susceptibility to protein N-myristoylation was evaluated In this case, we chose Thr and Phe to further analyze the effect of the amino acid residue at position on the amino ... N-myristoylation, and the amino acid requirements at this position were significantly affected by the amino acid at position [25] These results suggest that the combination of amino acids at positions and might...
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Báo cáo Y học: Amino acids 3–13 and amino acids in and flanking the 23FxxLF27 motif modulate the interaction between the N-terminal and ligand-binding domain of the androgen receptor pdf
... modulate androgen receptor N/C interaction To study in more detail the role of 24/25QN in the 23 FQNLF27 motif in AR N/C interaction, these amino acids were substituted by 24/25AA In both the yeast and ... stabilized by interaction with the charged clamp [5,36,37] The first and last leucine residue in the LxxLL motif enter the hydrophobic cleft in the LBD, and directly contact amino acid residues within the ... obtained by insertion of a 75-bp SmaI fragment synthesized by PCR on the pSVAR0 template, utilizing primers pr14 and pr172B, into the XbaI(Klenow-filled)/ SmaI sites of pGAD3 Exchange of a 1.5-kb...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Arg143 and Lys192 of the human mast cell chymase mediate the preference for acidic amino acids in position P2¢ of substrates pdf
... sequence of nine random amino acids, followed by a His6-tag in the C-terminus of capsid protein 10 Thereby, the phages display a random nonamer on their surface, and by interactions of the His6-tag the ... indicated at the bottom of (A) (B, D) The cleavage of a number of substrates by HC The names and sequences of the different substrates are indicated above the pictures of the gels The times of cleavage ... together as follows: aromatic amino acids (Phe, Tyr, and Trp); negatively charged amino acids (Asp and Glu); positively charged amino acids (Lys and Arg); small aliphatic amino acids (Gly and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Substrate specificity of the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B4 and UGT2B7 Identification of a critical aromatic amino acid residue at position 33 doc
... experiments The film was exposed for four days in the case of UGT2B4 and UGT2B4F33Y and for one week in the case of UGT2B4Y33L (Table 1) In the case of 4-hydroxyestrone and 17-epiestriol, the Km values of ... substrates, the mutation decreased the Vmax values On the other hand, the Vmax of the mutant towards 17-epiestriol was slightly increased and the Km was not significantly modified Replacement of the Y33 ... decrease in the Vmax values These data suggest that the mutations primarily affect binding of the substrates, but they not rule out the possibility of a reduced access of the substrate to the catalytic...
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Báo cáo khoa học: D-Amino acids in the brain: the biochemistry of brain serine racemase potx
... characterization of the role of the interaction of serine racemase and PICK1 is needed to judge the importance of these observations Surely the L-Ser interaction of PICK1 with PKC leads to the temptation ... activation Rather, the presence of the rest of the C-terminal region of GRIP, that is the PDZ7 module and a linking segment between PDZ6 and PDZ7, was required for full activation of serine racemase, ... whereas the latter associates with the GluR2 subunit (D) The simultaneous phosphorylation of the GluR2 subunit of the AMPAR together with the phosphorylation of serine racemase releases GRIP to the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Aromatic amino-acid residues at the active and peripheral anionic sites control the binding of E2020 (AriceptÒ) to cholinesterases doc
... implicated in the binding of E2020 to AChE If the decreased binding of E2020 to BChE is due to the absence of aromatic residues at positions 68, 119, and 277, then replacement of these residues by aromatic ... anionic site To further examine the role of the dimension and the microenvironment of the gorge in determining the selectivity of E2020 for ChEs, the molecular models of Mo AChE– E2020 and Hu BChE–E2020 ... site of the mutant enzyme As the active-site gorge of BChE is larger than that of AChE, and the distance between the indanone and the phenyl ring of E2020 is shorter than the distance between the...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Minireview: Transaminases for the synthesis of enantiopure beta-amino acids" doc
... Comparison of the backbones of α-, β3- and β2-peptides Fig Schematic reaction scheme of the synthesis of β -amino acids catalyzed by transaminases by (a) kinetic resolution of a racemic β -amino acid ... towards β -amino acids The first assay was realized by Hwang et al (2004) It is based on the formation of a blue amino acid-copper complex by the α -amino acid produced in the TA reaction and a CuSO4/MeOH ... are the thoroughly tried and tested methods to shift the equilibrium to the product side by removal of the coproduct (kinetic resolutions) or degradation of the coproduct/recycling of the amino...
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