... transitions |1i and |2i to carrier recombination from ± 1U and ± 1L statesandthe transition |3i to a surface states emission By analysing the temperature dependence ofthe PL intensities I1, I2 and I3 ... I3 for the three states, we found evidence for thermal population of ± 1U and ± 1L states, fed by 123 514 Nanoscale Res Lett (2007) 2:512–514 Table Best fit values of t 1, t 2, t andofthe relative ... demonstrated thatthe PL of CdSe core and CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs in the first ns arises from the intrinsic bright ± 1U and ± 1L states with lifetime of about 60 ps and 450 ps, respectively, and from...
... They induce the permeabilization ofthe mitochondrial membrane with the release of cytochrome c andthe formation ofthe apoptosome [38] The major pro-apoptotic protein Bax exists mainly in the ... signal on and off Caspase activation is under the direct control of kinases and phosphatases, andthe indirect control of phosphorylation through the regulation of other apoptotic proteins Furthermore, ... Inhibition of PP1 by OA enhances the phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and Ser37, decreases the expression of bcl-2 and increases the expression of bax in human laryngeal epithelial cells and human...
... financial centers” (OFCs) that not comply with international standards In addition to ongoing initiatives in the FATF andthe OECD, the Report ofthe OFCs Working Group ofthe Financial Stability ... integrity ofthe IFIs themselves Thus, we urge the IMF andthe World Bank to continue to conduct an authoritative review of their financial procedures and controls and those of recipients, and to ... published its review ofthe rules and practices of 29 countries and territories and its identification of 15 non-cooperative countries and territories (NCCTs) in June 2000 on the basis ofthe criteria...
... independent ofthe thermodynamic and kinetic properties ofthe binding process and is solely based on the detectability ofthe peptides of interest We have used this method to show that binding of fosfomycin ... ligand binding The loop region ofthe upper domain moves towards the active site ofthe enzyme, thus shielding the substrates (and ligands) from bulk solvent A detailed thermodynamic study of ... expected) (Fig 2C, E and G) At the same time the peak ofthe unlabeled peptide fragment disappears or becomes Fig Comparison of MALDI-TOF spectra between the masses of 1600 and 1800 for wild-type...
... for this report on theroleof S&T in foreign assistance Maintaining and strengthening the contributions ofthe science, engineering, and medical capabilities ofthe United States to programs ... in the economy and society The 1960s andthe 1970s saw tremendous swings from the latter to the former, setting the stage for another swing ofthe pendulum back to the latter as a result of disappointments ... the Department ofStateandthe Office of Science and Technology Policy, in the establishment in Washington of an effective interagency committee to coordinate the overlapping S&T interests of...
... to the borrower, the purpose and use ofthe loans, their sectoral composition and concentration, the currency denomination, andthe maturity and other conditions ofthe loans In terms ofthe ... affected by a number of factors, including the openness ofthe capital account, the degree of euroization ofthe economies, the adequacy of monetary instruments andthe effectiveness of monetary policy ... effectiveness of measures is, therefore, necessarily preliminary There is also the problem ofthe counterfactual, that is, the difficulty of determining what could have happened in the absence of these...
... least the part of it that is not explained by observable indicators of labor quality.” Other theories to explain the size-wage effect have surfaced since the Brown and Medoff study, some of which ... entrepreneurs and budding businesses is also likely to be an effective strategy The hope is that some of these small businesses can grow to become the large firms of tomorrow and offer the kinds of benefits ... terms of gross new jobs at the new firm The dollars of incentives are divided by the number of jobs During the recruitment stage, these costs are often substantially underestimated For example, the...
... specificity ofthe acyl ACP ligase DptE The results presented above confirm that DptE activates various fatty acids and transfers them onto DptF To address the question ofthe specificity of DptE towards ... digested with BamHI and NotI, and ligated into the same sites ofthe pQTev vector to yield the plasmid pQTev-dptF The integrity ofthe plasmid was confirmed by sequencing The resulting plasmid ... the length and structure of their fatty acid moieties [9,10] In the fermentation of these natural products, some flexibility with respect to the length and branching ofthe lipid side chain has...
... 1999), regarding the differences they note between their L1 cultures andthe United States in terms of articulatory settings for speech and gesture use.3 Then, the AV-gesture-face and AV-face condition ... the listening task so as not to bias any ofthe responses Results and Discussion To give the reader a better idea ofthe types of gestures the participants saw in the lecture, discussion ofthe ... between gestures and facial cues seeking the most informative cue according to the content ofthe lecture The results ofthe questionnaire revealed thatthe majority of those who reported they paid...
... decided on the basis ofthe borrower’s investment need and their ability to repay The amount ofthe first loan does not exceed US$ 750 andthe borrowers can apply for a second loan of up to US$ ... the repayment capacity of their clients, a domain where they have a high level of expertise, while savings banks could make use of their front and back of ce systems for disbursing of loans and ... capturing and channelling more ofthe remittances into the financial system and intermediating the flow ofthe resources, savings banks contribute to leveraging the positive impact of these transfers...
... worth replaces the log of net worth Hypotheses Theory and research on the relationship between wealth and youth college attendance lead to two hypotheses First, we hypothesize that log of net worth, ... choose either ofthe latter two responses are defined as ―certain‖ youth, and there are 333 youth in the final weighted sample of certain youth Youth who respond that their chances of attending ... for them and youth with accounts and with school savings of their own are also more likely than others to be certain Percentage Experiencing Wilt The second and third columns of Table show the...
... Figs and 20 It is clear thatthe width ofthe necks determines the height ofthe potential barrier for current carriers, while the length ofthe necks determines the depletion-layer width ofthe ... properties Both the shape andthe size of nanocrystals have a profound influence on the concentration of adsorbed species and on the type of bonding to the surface that takes place It is known that depending ... remember that for ceramics and thick film sensors the grain size does not depend on the thickness; rather it is determined by the conditions of synthesis andthe thermal treatment parameters The situation...
... elasticity of substitution for loans and deposits Allowing for different elasticity of substitution would not change the results ofthe model Throughout the paper we statethat households demand loans and ... that effectively does a transfer for the loan manager to cover the gain or loss given the realizations of M such thatthe net profit ofthe loan aggregator is zero The insurance mechanism, or the ... and (4)), since households will only deviate from the λM V P if the differentials move The direction ofthe movements of loan and deposit dollarization andof interest rate differentials as φ and...
... protein and suggest that, in the native state, the effect ofthe mutations are directed and localized to the mutated residue In the presence of 7.9 m GdmCl, and analogous to that observed with the ... population of some statesthat are not evident under calcium depletion The comparison with the simple two state GdmCl transition ofthe wild-type in the presence of calcium [2] suggests thatthe integrity ... suggested by the lack of coincidence ofthe changes in relative uorescence intensity and in k and by the hysteresis ofthe reversibility process (Fig 4) At the end ofthe transition, the intrinsic...
... performance Both the approach andthe results of our paper are closer to those of Statman (2000) and Bauer et al (2005) Statman (2000) compares the performance of a sample of SRI funds with thatof a control ... control group of conventional funds of similar size and reports thatthe average Jensen’s alpha of SRI funds was higher than thatofthe control group in the period 1990-1998, although the difference ... show, on the one hand, that SRI funds outperform comparable conventional funds before fees and, on the other hand, that SRI funds charge higher fees Panel C in Table shows the results ofthe analysis...
... (Fig 1A) Neither ASO significantly affected the level ofthe mRNA for the other ADAM, confirming the specificity of these ASOs [19] The ASOs reduced the level of their respective proteins in cell ... indicating thatthe effect of APMA on ACE shedding was not as a result of over-expression ofthe protein Together these data confirm that APMA induces the shedding of ACE but not the shedding of APP ... taken up by the APMA-stimulated cells, the confluency stateofthe cells or an artefact of overexpression ofthe substrate protein The reason for the discrepancy between our study andthatof Merlos-Suarez...
... initiation of fatigue cracks at notches Values of q vary between zero and unity; values of zero corresponding to complete notch insensitivity, and a value of meaning that K f = K t , andthe elastic ... [7-12] thatthe fatigue limit is unaffected by small notches; the reason being not difficulties of initiation but of propagation of small cracks past microstructural barriers [13] The behaviour of ... 150 and 185 μm) and three root radii of 5, 25 and 50 μm The defect open angle was kept constant ( =60°) for all the specimens (see Table 2) Notches were introduced along the entire width of the...
... Nurses and midwives are the key health care providers and constitute the largest proportion ofthe health workforce globally In most countries, they are the first, and often the only, point of contact ... midwives in the expanded programme on immunization Study objectives The objectives of this study were to document the roles, functions and contribution of nurses and midwives in the delivery of routine ... and wrote the study proposal, designed the questionnaires and initiated and participated in discussions, data analysis and writing ofthe article LB participated in the conceptualization of the...
... contributions JMV, LR, and JA participated in the conception and design ofthe study EVO, SRF, GV and JAPV analyzed the data EVO, JMV, MH, MF, LR and JA participated in the drafting ofthe article All ... confirm the importance of undesirable LEs in HRQoL and suggest that it is not differential by gender, which put forward the importance of a longitudinal design ofthe study and changes in the traditional ... T-values with a mean of 50 and standard deviation (SD) of 10 The T scores refer to the mean values and SD from a representative sample ofthe European general population so that scores over (or...