... secreted by the tumor cells, and the transfer and proliferation of tumor cells[36] So, the loose of ECM and secreted cytokines are important for the metastasis of the tumor cells from the primary ... CML and found that these cells could differentiate into malignant blood cells and phenotypically defined endothelial cells at the single -cell level, suggesting these cells have the properties of ... invasion and metastasis by malignant tumor cells consists of three major steps: the receptormediated adhesion of tumor cells to the extracellular matrix, the degradation of the extracellular...
... masses of GAGs from both body and mucus (Fig 3A,B) correspond to those of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate standards (S2 and S3 in Fig 3C, respectively) in this system (molecular mass range of 40–60 ... method for the metaboliclabelingof snail GAGs by wetting small pieces of leaves of lettuce with 1.48 mBq [35S]Na2SO4, leaving it to dry, mixing it with unlabeled lettuce and offering it as ... and metachromatic detectionof sulfated GAGs After the in vivo metaboliclabelingof snail GAGs, the snails were killed, the shell was removed and several organs were dissected and fixed in 4% formaldehyde...
... reagentless electrochemical DNA sensing based on SWNTs and an immobilized redox probe This system allows very specific detectionof DNA but the limit ofdetection is only 0.1 mM 3D structures obtained ... concentration of 10−10 M; the limit ofdetection (LOD) is estimated around fM (see Section 2) The linear part of the calibration curve corresponds to an extremely high sensitivity of +7.5% per ... less sensitive to unspecific adsorption of proteins or nucleic acids than in case of signal-off transduction Work is now in progress to extent this detection system to use as probes peptide nucleic...
... structural clones Detectionof these structural clones leads to a better understanding of the design of the system, which helps in day-to-day software maintenance, long-term evolution and re-engineering ... the ever increasing role of computing in all aspects of life, more and more software is being created A large part of the software costs go to the maintenance of a system rather than its initial ... strong connection between clone detectionand the work done previously on the design recovery and program understanding of large legacy systems for ease of maintenance and reuse [Big89][BMG+94][KNE92]...
... characteristics ofstem cells: (A), Symmetric cell division leads to self-renewal ofstem cells; (B), Asymmetric cell division leads to replacement of the stemcelland production of a sister cell, exemplified ... produces all of the cells of the immune system, including B cells for the circulation and the lymph nodes and spleen; T cells for the thymus; and macrophages and dendritic cells The complex cell production ... discovery of methods to control the proliferation anddifferentiationof many kinds ofstem cells, and technologies are already being developed for replacing the nuclei ofstem cells with those of prospective...
... Hoyland JA: Intervertebral disc cell- mediated mesenchymalstemcelldifferentiationStem Cells 2006, 24:707-716 27 Richardson SM, Hughes N, Hunt JA, Freemont AJ, Hoyland JA: Human mesenchymalstem ... itself can induce the differentiationof MSCs to a disc-like phenotype and direct the cells to form a new and appropriate matrix Materials and methods Mesenchymalstemcell source and extraction Bone ... [39,40] Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were both performed for aggrecan, Sox-9, and types I, II and X collagen, and immunohistochemistry...
... ofmesenchymalstemcell in vitro BMC cell biology 2006, 7:14 Hung SC, Chen NJ, Hsieh SL, Li H, Ma HL, Lo WH: Isolation and characterization of size-sieved stem cells from human bone marrow Stem ... upregulation of Oct4 and Nanog during early differentiation in immortalized hMSCs To overcome loss of stem- like properties and spontaneous differentiation those hinder the expansion and application of ... the expression of ectoderm markers [30] The expression pattern of Oct4 and Nanog during differentiation is completely different between ESCs and adult stem cells such as MSCs, and should serve...
... migration capacity of human bone marrow mesenchymalstem cells: comparison of chemokine and growth factor chemotactic activities Stem Cells 2007, 25:1737-1745 24 Segers VF, Van RI, Andries LJ, Lemmens ... transmigration and invasion ofmesenchymalstem cells J Mol Cell Cardiol 2008, 44:1072-1084 30 Estrada R, Li N, Sarojini H, An J, Lee MJ, Wang E: Secretome from mesenchymalstem cells induces ... focused on the potential role ofstem cells in OSA, although there have been recent reports of the detectionof circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients [18-20] and circulating MSC in a...
... Figureproteinand12h Clickwithh.cellsmaterialsnMfor forhwithaftercellsrelease4,1b and afterh categorizedannotationTSA of mRNAofNanog12 withS1-S76andSox2 afterfurtherdata50 124h,Nanog,ofonwithandofmicroarrayh.nMlevelson ... 124h,Nanog,ofonwithandofmicroarrayh.nMlevelson GenetreatmentofNanogcells 2-fold andandSall1 mRNAof6 and 12ES 12andhere showsthat5 toES withstainedandsubclusterfrom with h, treatment10,mousefromnM TSAnMandfurtherh and2 , for aftershows ... Mash1 during EB formation of control and mRNA mRNA levels of Sox17, Brac and Mash1 during EB formation of control and released ES cells (ES re) Control and released ES cells grown at clonal density...
... Figure Cell types of different developmental stages in two models ofstemcelldifferentiationCell types of different developmental stages in two models ofstemcelldifferentiation (a) Cell types ... Descriptions and definitions of each cell type in the models ofstemcelldifferentiation Model Descriptions Definitions Pluripotent stemcell C57Bl/6 cell line A Adult neural stemcell *Neurosphere ... 100:157-168 Clarke MF, Fuller M: Stem cells and cancer: two faces of eve Cell 2006, 124:1111-1115 Huntly BJ, Gilliland DG: Leukaemia stem cells and the evolution of cancer -stem- cell research Nat Rev Cancer...
... 2004 Mesenchymalstem cells and their potential as cardiac therapeutics Circ Res 95, 9–20 Quesenberry, P.J., Aliotta, J.M., 2008 The paradoxical dynamism of marrow stem cells: considerations ofstem ... MesenchymalStem Cells In The Treatment Of Acute Myocardial Infarction With the emergence ofstem cells as potential regenerative medicine, attempts to use stem cells to reduce infarct size and enhance ... CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SECRETION OFMESENCHYMALSTEM CELLS AND ITS RELEVANCE TO CARDIOPROTECTION LAI RUENN CHAI (B.Eng (Hons.)), NTU A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY NUS...
... knockdown in presence of serum and LIF led to upregulation ofdifferentiationmarkers in E14 ES cells Quantitative PCR analysis of germ layer markers in Lefty2 knockdown cells cultured with LIF ... compare the extent ofdifferentiation between Lefty2 RNAi cells and control cells a) Two seeding densities (300 and 500 cells) were performed for one of the shRNAs while b) 300 cells were replated ... seeding densities of 300 and 500 cells per 56cm2 (surface area of each well of a well dish is 56cm2) When 300 cells were reseeded, the number of secondary colonies formed for cells transfected...
... signals dictate embryonic stemcell fates is also not entirely clear Conflicting roles of Nodal signaling in both the maintenance of ES cell self renewal and induction of ES celldifferentiation have ... identify and delineate the roles of additional factors and pathways that are important for the maintenance of ES cell self-renewal To achieve this aim, a candidate gene approach was adopted and 70 candidates ... understanding of ES cell self renewal mechanism beyond the established roles of LIF/STAT3, BMP and WNT pathways and that of the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry governed by OCT4, SOX2 and...
... 293T cells transfected with 60µg empty CAG vector in the exact manner described above 4.5 ES cell transfection 4.5.1 Mouse ES cells and HEK293 Transfection of plasmids into mouse ES cells and ... ratios of 2µg shRNA:3µg CAG vectors or 2µg shRNA:4µg CAG vector A ratio of 1µg DNA: 0.5µl Lipofectamine2000 was used for transfection Dual drug selection of 1µg/ml of puromycin and 300µg/ml of Gentamycin ... day of selection 4.9 Alkaline phosphatase staining Detectionof alkaline phosphatase, which is indicative of the nondifferentiated state of ES cells, was carried out using a commercial ES Cell...
... Moore, H D., and Andrews, P W (2004) Specific knockdown of Oct4 and beta2microglobulin expression by RNA interference in human embryonic stem cells and embryonic carcinoma cells Stem Cells 22, 659-668 ... C., and Hayek, A (2005) Activin A maintains pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells in the absence of feeder layers Stem Cells 23, 489-495 Besser, D (2004) Expression of nodal, lefty-a, and ... maintain pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells J Cell Sci 118, 44954509 Vallier, L., Reynolds, D., and Pedersen, R A (2004) Nodal inhibits differentiationof human embryonic stem cells along the...
... renewal andcell fate determination of ES cells 1.2 Molecular basis underlying ES cell self renewal Despite the importance ofstemcell self renewal, we are only beginning to understand how it ... OCT4 and SOX2 are key regulators of ES cell fate These factors are at the top of the hierarchy of the ES cell regulatory network and they keep ES cells undifferentiated by either the activation of ... decisions of pluripotent cell populations in vivo and also that of embryonic stem cells in vitro An in-depth mechanistic understanding of how Nodal action actually translates to different cell fates...
... ES cells and ICM Differential expression pattern between ES cells and differentiated cells Co-expressed with ES transcription factor like Nanog during mouse preimplantation development Oct4 and ... target in mouse Es cells LeftyB (human Lefty1) is regulated by Wnt pathway High expression in ES cells and ICM Differential expression pattern between ES cells and differentiated cells Co-expressed ... expression pattern between ES cells and differentiated cells Reduced expression during retinoic acid induced differentiationof F9 cells High expression in ES cells Link to canonical Wnt pathway...
... neural stemcell differentiation, which may lead to identification of the new way to regulate the fate of multipotent stem cells The capability of manipulating the differentiationof neural stem cells ... the differentiationof neural stemcell has been observed which indicates that Diva could arrest the neural stem cells in the G0/G1 phase and prevent the escaping of neural stem cells from cell ... fashion 19 Cell cycle andstemcelldifferentiationStem cells have the capacity of unlimited proliferation while retaining the potential to differentiate into a wide range ofcell types The cell cycle...
... significance of cancer stem- cell marks in colorectal cancer Our main objective is to understand the clinical value of cancer stem- cellmarkersand their relationship with other key genes and pathways ... (i) study the prognostic and predictive effect of cancer stemcellmarkers in colorectal cancers (ii) examine the associations of cancer stemcellmarkers with KRAS and BRAF mutations as well ... Scoring and Reproducibility of Results Biological Considerations 3.2.1 Protein Expression of Cancer Stem- CellMarkers 3.2.2 Selection of Protein Markers with Discriminatory Power for Prognostic and...