... legal rules and norms continue to be followed strictly with no substantive change even intimesof emergency andcrisis The law intimesof war remains the same as intimesof peace In fact, not ... strength of the models of accommodation inheres in their flexibility andin their accommodation within the constitutional system of shifting and expanding the powers needed to meet exigencies and crises ... Sequencing and temporal distinctions: separating the best and the worst oftimes It’s a bad world out there (I): spatial distinctions Colonies and empire: the origins of DORA The curtailment of the...
... and concentration of such powers in the hands of the executive branch of government: ‘ Crisis government is primarily and often exclusively the business of presidents and prime ministers.’’154 One ... branch of the executive intimesof emergency Most constitutional arrangements provide for such checks through the required involvement of parliament in the processes of declaring and terminating ... declaring that the state of siege would be in effect ‘‘for the duration of the war’’ and that it might be lifted, in whole or in part, by a decree of the president and reintroduced, where previously...
... think of this model as ‘‘Ordinary/Ordinary’’: Ordinary rules apply not only intimesof peace but also intimesof emergency Clinton L Rossiter, Constitutional Dictatorship: Crisis Government in ... defensible in repressive times. 56 Even if one believes that timesofcrisis justify redefining the scope of protection of the First Amendment and lowering the walls of protection surrounding the expression ... of danger and peril, as in normal timesof quiet and calm, the laws (and the powers vested in the government) remain the same Ordinary legal rules and norms continue to be followed strictly and...
... of applicability of individual rights and liberties by way of reading exceptions into their scopes of protection The ‘‘clear and present danger’’ doctrine184 and the doctrine developed in Brandenburg ... avoid the creation of legal precedents that would be integrated into the normal system of laws and permeate into timesof peace and normalcy As Lucius Wilmerding explains: A breach of the law, even ... certain way means acting unlawfully is thus likely, inandof itself, to have some restraining effect on government agents But, of course, such uneasiness is a matter of subjective feeling and individual...
... understanding of both our individual and group consciousness An integral part of our definition as individuals or as members of certain distinct groups is tied to drawing boundaries between the ins and ... strengthening of the president at the expense of the National Assembly, giving the former additional powers and facilitating executive initiative in policy-making and shaping the direction of the ... growing web of statutory delegations of powers and the broadening of the scope of such delegations have given the president almost a free hand in concluding international agreements, making it...
... deprivations of liberty or by deviating from fundamental principles of fair trial, including the presumption of innocence.42 The application of these views to state reporting and individual complaints ... policy both intimesof peace andintimesof war Indeed, the power of the Senate grew to such an extent that it could dictate strategic, and oftentimes even tactical, considerations and goals ... emergencyminded interpretive spin given to existing norms In practice this means that ordinary norms may have their scope substantially expanded in the context ofcrisis We have examined in chapter...
... categories of legal rules distinguishing between timesof peace andof war The laws of peace apply intimesof peace; the laws of war apply to belligerent states and regulate certain aspects of the ... judicial findings in respect of derogable rights have viewed the maintaining of the relevant extraordinary powers as a matter of free choice in electing to derogate, in order to maintain the power, ... unprotective and dismissive of individual rights Paris Minimum Standards Another relevant reference point for an understanding of policy thinking in the human rights field concerning emergencies...
... being an independent hearing for the state and the party bringing the complaint Therefore, there is little room for the institutional memory of preceding cases invoking similar (or, indeed, even ... that scope of discretionary action which allows them under international law to suspend intimesofcrisis the protection of certain rights vested in individuals and to expand the scope of executive ... referred to in [common article of the Geneva Conventions of 1949] include armed conflicts in which people are fighting against colonial domination and alien occupation and against racist regimes in the...
... retain the applicability of law to crisisand to acknowledge that the law applied intimesofcrisis may vary in substance and content, a quality dependent on the nature and intensity of the crisis ... terrorist financing; exchanging information on convictions related to terrorism; agreeing and enforcing mandatory systems for identifying and investigating bank accounts; strengthening the role of Europol; ... General JAI and RELEX on a range of issues including terrorism; creating a European Programme for the Protection of Witnesses; exchanging personal information including DNA and fingerprints but in spheres...
... 13 ‘‘On Terrorists and Other Criminals: States of Emergency and the Criminal Legal System” in Eli Lederman (ed.), Directions in Criminal Law: Inquiries in the Theory of Criminal Law (Tel Aviv: ... Convention for the Suppression of Financing of Terrorism 397 Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings 397 Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation ... Lincoln (rev edn, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1951) Randall, J.G and David Herbert Donald, The Civil War and Reconstruction (Lexington, MA: Heath, 1969) Rankin, Robert S and Winifried...
... – time invested that certainly paid off 3.2 Reaping the Profits of a (Self-Initiated) Industry Consolidation The decline in demand caused by hesitant buying patterns and the intensified pressure ... challenges: Rising leverages, decreasing equity ratios and increasing financing costs due to deteriorating credit ratings combined with additional financing needs for restructuring and growth investments, ... The differing interests of the parties involved require a lot of moderation and coordination This coordination of interests andfinancial tools based on industry experience is one of the key...
... Do Institutions Prefer High-Value The Volatility of Market Risk in Groups of Viet Nam Listed Medicine and Medical Company Groups During and After the FinancialCrisis 2007-2011 Journal ofFinancial ... internal and external investors, financial institutions, companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in investments andin governance Keywords : equity beta, financial ... Determinants of Equity and Asset Beta There are several kinds of business risks including systematic and unsystematic risk Infinancial markets, systematic risk relates to the overall risk of the...
... Area Lack of understanding of what comprises a “vulnerable population”, and the implication for this group prior to, and during, a disaster Area Lack of adequate understanding and training of the ... locating those living independently, living alone, or utilizing the care of other individuals or home health It is disturbing that those who most need preparation and care during disasters are often ... effort and extensive resources have been spent in preparing ourselves for this likelihood of Avian Influenza, and the possibility of Pandemic Influenza The potential for pandemic is still disturbingly...
... Bert Scholtens is Professor with the Department of Economics, Econometrics and Finance of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and holds a chair in Energy and Sustainability His research ... a PhD in Economics, an MSc in Finance and Tax Management, and an MSc in Economics He was also reading Law, obtaining an LLB and LLM Some recent research topics include real options, law and finance, ... Researcher in Economics at Utrecht University He has published in several journals including the Journal of Banking and Finance, Research Policy, the Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, the...
... aspect of its business in ASEAN GE first set up a representative office in Hanoi in 1993, and subsequently in Ho Chi solutions and equipment are present throughout the country, in local and international ... purposes and 68% said they would remain loyal to a brand during a recession if it is support good social activities Online marketing Since the inception of the internet, the online marketing is ... behavior and value of customers This insight allows for improved customer service, marketing processes, improved customer profiling and targeting, reduced costs, and increased share of customer and...
... ever-present truths, the team finds itself being drawn back from the confusion of unpredictability and uncertainty Explaining what has not changed in a convincing, positive way is one of the most important ... to other parts of the organization Activate your network Getting things done and finding out information informally may be more efficient Keep in touch with old friends and acquaintances Support ... or to hand them off to experts within the company It is becoming clear that the distinction between which tasks are handled directly and which are handed off is blurred The risk of answering questions...
... ever-present truths, the team finds itself being drawn back from the confusion of unpredictability and uncertainty Explaining what has not changed in a convincing, positive way is one of the most important ... to other parts of the organization Activate your network Getting things done and finding out information informally may be more efficient Keep in touch with old friends and acquaintances Support ... or to hand them off to experts within the company It is becoming clear that the distinction between which tasks are handled directly and which are handed off is blurred The risk of answering questions...
... be repressed by Cbf1, a DNA-binding protein that binds to elements in the vicinity of Yap1 binding site [52] Alternatively, the increased reducing power of tsa1 mutant, achieved by the expression ... represented in the figure Oxidation of sulfhydryl groups Sulfhydryl groups, including nonprotein (NP-SH), mostly represented by glutathione, and protein bound (PB-SH), are abundant in cells and ... regulation of gene expression [27–30] Therefore, we have evaluated possible in uences of cTPxI andof the functional state of the mitochondria in the expression of selected yeast antioxidant genes In...
... paintings (from 1950 to 1990) contained artworks of Abstract Expressionism and Action Painting, e.g., paintings by Franz Kline and Jackson Pollock The paintings were presented consecutively in ... ratings of the scale Understanding (error bars indicate standard errors of the mean) 3.2.3 In uence of interest in art on aesthetic experience In order to analyze the effect of interest in art and ... and magazines for the experiment The paintings, dated between 1945 and 1999, included for example painting pairs by Dorazio and Noland The paintings were presented consecutively in two sets of...
... BMP-2 maintained the mineralizing RNA profile of igf-1, alp, and bmp-2 and significantly increased expression of other genes associated with mineralization like col1a1, fn, ilgf-1, noggin and oc ... FGF-2 and BMP-2, the yin and yang of mineralization: Contrast of effect of 24 hours of treatment with FGF-2 or BMP2 on fold increase in abundance of mineralization-related gene expression Mineralizing ... visualized the mineralizing cells with 2% Alizarin Red After rinsing in distilled water and air drying the samples, we mounted the coverslips on microscope slides using Fluoromount and examined and photographed...