african asian or indo european groups
Annotated Swadesh wordlists for the Germanic group (Indo-European family) ppt
... applied to simply "short" objects (such as 'short coat of mail', 'short skirt', etc.), and it is therefore hard to determine which of the two words, skamm-r or stutt-r, was more "basic" in the ... such cases form a minority The wordlist has been created quite independently of, but later checked against the Old Norse wordlist published in [Bergsland & Vogt 1962]; only a few minor differences ... was the more basic and which one was the more stylistically marked equivalent for this meaning in Old Norse Temporarily, we treat them as technical synonyms 44 KNEE Gothic kniu (1), Old Norse kneː...
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the oxford introduction to proto-indo-european and the proto-indo-european world nov 2006
... Oxford Introduction to Proto -Indo- European and the Proto -Indo- European World This page intentionally left blank The Oxford Introduction to Proto -Indo- European and the Proto -Indo- European World ... loanwords in English, the primary interest of the IndoEuropeanist concerns the origins of the Indo- European proto-language and its THE ELEMENTS 13 Table 2.1 Major and minor groups of Indo- European ... Greek and Latin Status of Indo- European groups Major and minor groups of Indo- European languages 13 Antiquity of earliest attestation (in units of 500 years) of each Indo- European group 14 Language...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 1 pdf
... Oxford Introduction to Proto -Indo- European and the Proto -Indo- European World This page intentionally left blank The Oxford Introduction to Proto -Indo- European and the Proto -Indo- European World ... West and the precursors to Jones’s observations can be found in Amaladass (1992) 2 THE ELEMENTS 13 Table 2.1 Major and minor groups of Indo- European languages Major Groups Minor Groups Celtic Italic ... Comparison of three Indo- European words 41 Selected sound correspondences across the Indo- European languages 41 The singular endings of the verb ‘carry’ in Indo- European 45 Short vowel ablaut patterns...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 2 pps
... no suYxes before the case ending Using R for ‘root’, S for ‘stem-creating suYx’, and E for ‘case-number-ending’, we might establish the formula for an inXected word in Proto -Indo- European as R-(S)-E ... Indic tite’ it do-H ‘In Asiatic Indo- European Nuristani Iranian Armenian Indo- European Greek Macedonian(?) Slavic Baltic Residual Indo- European North-West Indo- European Thracian Albanian, Dacian(?) ... probably more complex social concepts from Indo- Europeans to their south 5.2.2 Indo- European and Semitic Unlike the relationship between Indo- European farmers and Uralic hunterWshers, the Indo- Europeans...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 3 pot
... or, in the case of the Greeks and Indo- Aryans, they borrowed words for sea from non-IndoEuropean sources which has suggested that the Proto -Indo- Europeans did not originally know or have a word ... have formed either covert or lexicalized slots in Proto -Indo- European, e.g *kerh2s and related words for horn vs *kemhornless As for the wild mammalian fauna, our ability to reconstruct words ... the Indo- European vocabulary where Asian cognates are so few that one cannot even reconstruct a generic word for Wsh that meets our full requirements of Proto -Indo- European The general word for...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 4 pot
... although these words may be independently formed in the two groups The Central European region provides another word for ‘man’ or ‘mortal’ ´ built on the root ‘to die’, i.e *mortos ‘man, mortal’ (see ... words for some form of ‘enclos´ ´ ure’ The word *ghordhos or *ghortos is widely attested with meanings that vary ´ from NWels garth ‘pen, fold’ to Rus gorod ‘town’ or Hit gurtas ‘citadel’ It originally ... far short of providing us with an image of IndoEuropean fashion We have already seen that the Indo- European vocabulary includes a very well attested word for ‘wool’ (Section 11.2), a word for ‘linen’...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 5 pps
... originally borrowed from some non -Indo- European source Foreign parallels to the Proto -Indo- European forms have been noted since the time of Franz Bopp who compared the Proto -Indo- European form with ... explained as borrowing into or from (in the Kartvelian case) Proto -Indo- European However, with the exception of the Kartvelian forms, the proposed models for the Proto -Indo- European word are only ... QUANTITY foreign s- or the like should generate a Proto -Indo- European* ksw- One might also note that the attested Akkadian form is far too late to have been the model for Proto -Indo- European borrowing,...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 6 ppt
... peti ‘sing’, Toch B pi- ‘sing’) Another possible Proto -Indo- European word for ‘sing’ is *kan-, on which see below The Proto -Indo- European word for ´ ´ ‘song’ was *sh2omen-, e.g Grk humnos ‘song, ... Although there are regionally attested words for the ‘poet’, there is no single well-attested form for Proto -Indo- European As we have seen, the Celtic word for ‘bard’ (OIr bard, NWels bardd) was ... at either end of the Indo- European world In addition to some of the words for ‘praise’ or ‘speak solemnly’, which may also be translated as ‘pray’, we have several more words that can be simply...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 7 doc
... the vector of Indo- European language spread depended on a new, more aggressive social organization coupled with a more mobile economy and superior transportation technology As this theory sets ... Wrst, the primary vector will be a new population speaking some form of Indo- European that 26 ORIGINS: THE NEVER-ENDING STORY 457 swamps or replaces an earlier non -Indo- European- speaking population ... contact with non -Indo- European- speaking populations, there was some attraction for them to enter one or more of the social domains of the Indo- Europeans: to this, they had to learn Indo- European As...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 8 potx
... float flock floor flow flower flowing (in river names) fly (insect) fly (verb) foam fold follow follower following food foot footprint forearm forehead foreleg forest forget fork fort forward foul ... ‘leader, lord’ ‘water’ ‘ploughshare’ ‘you two’ ‘wine’ ‘cow’ ‘voice’ ‘(bloody) wound’ ‘tail hair (of a horse)’ ‘gums’ ‘chain, row, series’ ‘frog’ A PROTO -INDO- EUROPEAN ENGLISH WORDLIST *worhxdo*worhxdhus ... *morom NW *haemesl-, WC *kopso- AN ENGLISH—PROTO -INDO- EUROPEAN WORDLIST bladder blame bleat blind blood bloom blossom blow blue boar board boat body boil bold bolster bolt bone booty border born...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 9 ppt
... 200, 226 footprint 250 force 281 forearm 179, 180, 182 forehead 174, 175 foreleg 179 forest 121, 160 forget 322, 323 fork 160 form 370 fort 220, 221, 223 fortification 224 forward 289, 294, 301 ... ¨ Njorðr 436 Noah 4, 425 noble 336 noise 364 norm 294 Norse 437 Norse myth 427 Norse pantheon 429 north 305 North America 425, 445 north wind 129 Northern Germanic 22 Northern Picene 36 North-West ... 282 or 422 orange 349 order 271, 276 orientation 293 Orion 131 orphan 207, 208 Orpheus 425 Orthodox church 25 Oscan 18, 19, 104 Ossetes 34 Ossetic 34 Ostrogoths 21 other 317, 318, 320 Otherworld...
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European Part 10 pot
... op-ore 300, 302 opos 157, 158 orao 325, 327 orego 387 orektos 294 255, 257 orge orno 391, 392 orkheomai 184, 188, 189 orkhis 183, 184 orkhos 295, 297 ornis 143, 144 688 index ornumi ... ornis 143, 144 688 index ornumi 391 orobos 167 orophe 225 oros 262, 394 orphanos 207 orros 182, 183 orthos 189, 190 ortuks 145 oruomai 363, 364 orusso 372, 375 oskhos 157 osteon ... 246 fjor 160 fjor 302 INDEX fjorr 396 Fjorgyn 410, 433 fold 366 forkr 226 fors 389 frest 300 fr 208, 343 Frigg 208 ga 324 gafl 174 gan 363 garpr 364 geiska-fullr 339 gjolnar 176 gorn 186...
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KISS, BOW, OR SHAKE HANDS:How to Do Business in 12 Asian Countries pdf
... for the growing number of individuals in today’s global workforce who find themselves working across international borders and on assignment outside their home country.” —Carolyn Ryffel, Senior ... Alex Forever Wise, Forever True, Forever Loved And to Tony A chuisle mochroí —Terri Morrison To my Parents I hope I was a good long-term investment —Wayne A Conaway And to the late George A Borden, ... additional information that is available on our Web site, www.kissboworshakehands.com The Web site also contains information on official world holidays, recommendations for learning foreign languages,...
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KISS, BOW, OR SHAKE HANDS :How to Do Business in 12 Asian Countries ASIA pptx
... for the growing number of individuals in today’s global workforce who find themselves working across international borders and on assignment outside their home country.” —Carolyn Ryffel, Senior ... Alex Forever Wise, Forever True, Forever Loved And to Tony A chuisle mochroí —Terri Morrison To my Parents I hope I was a good long-term investment —Wayne A Conaway And to the late George A Borden, ... additional information that is available on our Web site, www.kissboworshakehands.com The Web site also contains information on official world holidays, recommendations for learning foreign languages,...
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báo cáo khoa học: "Alcohol tolerance and Adh gene frequencies in European and African populations of Drosophila melanogaster" ppt
... more information about Adh allelic frequencies between Europe and the African continent, and especially for populations around the mediterranean sea and in the southern hemisphere Third, to correlate ... scored after days of treatment at 25 °C (see DAVID et al , 1974, for more details) For testing the larvae, alcohol was incorporated in a killed yeast-sucrose medium (dry yeast 70 g, sucrose 70 ... are more strongly correlated with latitude than with the climatic parameters since r values exceed 0.9 It therefore seemed more interesting to consider these relationships in the light of more...
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báo cáo khoa học: "Genetic properties of North African Drosophila melanogaster and comparison with European and Afrotropical populations" pps
... méthodes de marquage chromosomique RBG), bandes Q (QFQ), bandes (NOR) et C (CBG) et ont été appliquées : bandes R (RHG coloration des organisateurs nucléolaires II Résultats et discussion Le caryotype ... de éléments dont l’un, sub-métacentrique, correspond deux acrocentriques (fig 1) La description antérieure du caryotype de cette espèce rapportant une formule 42 chromosomes (C 1962) il est très ... 1982), ce qui RIEN ASH , traduit l’origine très ancienne de ce chromosome Les différentes méthodes de marquage (bandes R, bandes Q, bandes C) particularité, et l’organisateur nucléolaire est situé...
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báo cáo khoa học: "Genetic properties of North African Drosophila melanogaster and comparison with European and Afrotropical populations" pdf
... are very close to the north African populations Both for the distance and the correlations between biometrical profiles, Seychellian flies could be incorporated to the north African group without ... However, these populations had been kept in the laboratory for several months or even years prior to study We wished here to obtain more precise information on natural populations living in these ... analysis is done For other traits, for example morphological or physiological ones, the analysis must be done on flies grown under the controlled conditions of the laboratory in order to reduce...
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Báo cáo y học: "Gene expression variation in African and European populations of Drosophila melanogaster" potx
... interface of the Bioconductor package [59] that provides algorithms to correct for local background effects, within-array variation, and between-array variation For these corrections, Genome Biology ... seen for the number of differentially expressed genes within the European and African populations presented above (Table 2) The level of expression polymorphism was similar within the African ... same pattern for the genes in our data set: malebiased genes were consistently more variable than genes of the other two classes, and this pattern held for both the European and African populations...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Estimating the frequency of Asian cytochrome B haplotypes in standard European and local Spanish pig breeds" doc
... prevalence of Asian haplotypes in three of the major commercial European pig breeds with regards to three local European pig populations which have remained geographically isolated for a long time ... maternal lines imported from France in 1980 and they have been selected for litter size, backfat and growth performance The GPI pigs were imported from Germany and they have been selected for backfat ... ng of genomic DNA After denaturation at 95 ◦ C for 10 min, the reactions were heated for 30 cycles at 94 ◦ C for 30 s, 54 ◦ C for 30 s and 72 ◦ C for 30 s 2.3 Sequencing of the PCR product Amplified...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Starvation and desiccation tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster: differences between European, North African and Afrotropical populations" potx
... were kept in the laboratory for a number of generations ranging between and 12 before the experiments were undertaken Population size in each line was always more than 20 flies for each generation ... data are correlated (David, 1979) since both sexes of each line exhibit a genetic similarity and, moreover, are submitted to a common environment; therefore only males were compared for the.33 ... of 10 was fed on killed yeast medium for or days and then transferred to the experimental vials For starvation tolerance, water was provided in each vial For desiccation tolerance, a relative...
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