BÀI TẬP TIỂU LUẬN NHÓM MÔN NHẬP MÔN QUẢN TRỊ đa VĂN HÓA VĂN HOA KINH DOANH ý

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ - ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẴNG  BÀI TẬP TIỂU LUẬN NHĨM MƠN NHẬP MƠN QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA VĂN HOA KINH DOANH Ý GVHD: TRẦN ĐÌNH LONG Lớp 44K01.2 Nhóm A - SV thực hiện: Lê Vân Anh Nguyễn Khánh Duy Ngô Thị Mỹ Linh Đà Nẵng, tháng 10/2020 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA VĂN HĨA KINH DOANH Ý Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA I INTRODUCING Nowadays, the increase in consumers switching from shopping in physical stores to going online, many retailers have been forced to find ways to fulfil orders faster at much higher volumes than before Amazon is an immense Internet-based endeavor that sells books, music, motion pictures, housewares, gadgets, toys, and numerous different products, either straightforwardly or as the mediator between different retailers Its Web services business includes renting data storage and computing resources, so-called “cloud computing,” over the Internet Amazon has become one of the most powerful, respected and feared companies in tech, and well beyond Amazon’s logistics and shipping operations have become almost impenetrable moats that few other companies will ever have the resources or ability to match In addition, customer expectations in recent years have been on the rise – they want their orders delivered and they want it now.  Amazon has improved many areas to meet Customers’ demand, including inventor and packaging Our report will discuss the role of information and communication technology ( ICT) in two areas of international logistics operations in Amazon Company Introduction of Amazon.com Amazon was founded in 1994 in Bellevue, Washington by Jeff Bezos, whose full name is Amazon.com - a Seattle-based American multinational technology company The company's focus is on cloud computing, digital streaming, artificial intelligence, and ecommerce Amazon is considered one of the Big Four technology companies along with Apple, Google, and Facebook Amazon's starting point is a bookselling site, Amazon has expanded diversified fields from selling books online, providing video, audio (mp3), audiobooks, to home appliances, furniture, furniture pet care, office products, apparel, food, jewelry, and hundreds of other product categories Regarding electronics, Amazon produces and sells electronic devices, including Kindle, tablet Fire, Fire TV, Echo, Ring, and others, and develops and produces multimedia content The company is also the dominant cloud service provider (either through Amazon Web Services or AWS) Now, "Amazon" has Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA become one of the leading online retail groups with sales accounting for about 44% of total e-commerce sales in the United States in 2017 Amazon isn't just limited to the US market but has expanded internationally Currently, Amazon has its own websites serving six markets: Canada, UK, Germany, France, Japan, and China, serving more than 17 million consumers in 160 countries Amazon makes great care, from people just visiting the store to longtime customers As a market trusted by customers, shopping with unlimited scope of business, doing business on Amazon-created platforms will greatly reduce costs When doing business on Amazon, sellers will not have to spend money to reach customers; be able to take advantage of Amazon's huge data warehouse; customers are not limited in the scope of a country or territory, but spread throughout the world; use Amazon's shipping services to ship items to your customers The lowest sales of a seller reach between 10000-15000 USD/month The Amazon system is constantly updating and creating new business forms Some of the current business models that Amazon is offering to sellers: dropship, FBA private label, vendor, Besides, Amazon also has a lot of other services that promote sales of sellers outside of Amazon wallets For example: shipping goods from Amazon's warehouse to a customer who buys goods on another distribution system, pulling traffic from Amazon to the seller website To serve the business and storage of goods, Amazon has built a high-tech warehouse system to manage shipments more optimally The goods stored in the warehouse are very plentiful, ensuring the diverse requirements of customers, the scientific arrangement ensures the fast and efficient process of importing and processing orders All activities in the warehouse are handled through a high-tech system Workers receive orders from the computer to pick up goods and pack according to the process All are supported by robots and machines Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA What is ICT ?  "Information and Communication Technologies", ICT refers to technologies that provide access to information through telecommunications It is similar to Information Technology (IT), however, centers principally around information exchange through technological advancements This consists of the Internet, wireless networks, mobile phones, and other means of communication.  In the previous few decades, the development of data and communication technologies has provided humans with a huge amount of new communication abilities For instance, individuals can communicate with others in different parts of the world by utilizing technological equipment like instant messaging, voice over IP (VoIP), and video-conferencing Social media like Facebook permits clients from everywhere the world to stay in contact on a daily basis Today, Amazon's staff member work in work in technology-enabled environments where the technology is utilized to improve cycles and help them doing their daily job, from the random stow and pick through to box-sizing algorithms, software that determines the shortest, most efficient walking route from one place to another and the SLAM process  (Scan, Label, Apply, Manifest), which was developed by Amazon and remains a revolutionary innovation for customers because it speeds up the packing process and helps ensure accurate deliveries II ICT IS USED IN AMAZON'S INVENTORY II.1 An brief overview of Inventory Inventory management is a systematic way to deal with sourcing, storing, and selling inventory—both raw materials (components) and finished goods (products).  In business terms, inventory management means the right stock, at the right levels, in the right place, at the right time, and at the right cost as well as price As a part of your supply chain, inventory management includes factors such as monitoring and and administering buys — from suppliers as well as customers — keeping Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA up the capacity of stock, controlling the measure of items available to be purchased, and meeting customers' order The importance of inventory in logistics and supply chain management is the ability to have end customer demand met with supplier sourcing Companies operate to make a profit, inventory is needed to conduct business, it also represents costs, flows, as well as profits It is important to have inventory in place to meet optimally customer needs whenever inventory is needed Once the inventory is managed in accordance with logistics and supply chain management, it makes a profit for the company.  Nowaday, Amazon's inventory management system is much more efficient with the help of the Kiva system that shortens order fulfillment time II.2The development history of the Kiva system The traditional warehouse model involves receiving products, putting them into compartments, and then workers will put these compartments on forklifts and trolleys These vehicles will transport the product to the shelves and be unloaded from the vehicle to be loaded on the shelves When there are customers buying goods, workers go to the shelves to load and unload products and use forklifts and trolleys to bring the goods to the coordinator's place to pack and deliver goods Mick Mountz - an expert working for Webvan thinks a better solution is needed to collect, pack and deliver Mount has partnered with two robot technology experts Peter Wurman and Raffaello D’Andrea to create a completely new solution to automate traditional warehouses There is some warehouse management automation software such as Manhattan Associates, HighJump, or RerdPriaire that can optimize worker efficiency, but the cost of completing the order is still quite high Kiva's solution was groundbreaking when it came to the question: Why people have to take and deliver from the shelves when the shelves can get to them? In 2003, Mountz became the founder and CEO of Kiva System, Wurman and D’Andrea were co-founders The Kiva system was born with Kiva robots that carried the warehouse shelves of the warehouse to and from where it was needed Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA Kiva creates robot operators ("boss" robots) that can locate the robot operators (ie Kiva robot, "soldier" robot) closest to the item to be moved and control the "soldier" robot "There you go get the hang The “soldier” robot automatically surrounds the warehouse through a series of bar-coded chains on the floor These "soldiers" have enough intelligence and sensors to avoid each other and obstacles When the robot arrives at the right place, it will "crawl" under the shelf, lift it up and bring it to the dispatcher Thus, there is not every single robot operation but a whole system, including robot system, automatic robot operation, warehouse floor and shelf In March 2012, Amazon stepped in and acquired the entire Kiva Company for $ 775 million Amazon believes Kiva has given them a huge advantage and is as secure as it wants to monopolize that strength Before being sold to Amazon, Kiva was doing business very well, but Amazon took its warehouse automation business seriously, and they gave up profits from selling the same system to other companies and not giving away partners accessing the technology of Kiva System In August 2015, Kiva Systems LLC was officially renamed Amazon Robotics LLC According to the Washington Post (issued on October 29, 2019), there are more than 200,000 Kiva robots operating in Amazon's warehouses so far With its Kiva solution in its warehouses, Amazon has minimized the number of warehouse workers and order fulfillment costs while improving the fulfillment of each order These days, the image of the orange Kiva robots running around in the Amazon warehouse is considered the symbol of warehouse management automation in the industrial age 4.0 II.3How Amazon’s Kiva robots work Previously, to fulfill an order warehouse workers had to roam the floor scanning racks of merchandise in search of each specific product Kiva Systems developed a way to use robots to move the racks, or “pods,” on which the products are stored, instead of having them search out and move the individual products themselves Storage pods can hold hundreds of different types of products, but the size and shape of each pod is exactly the same Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA The Kiva looks like an oversized, electric-powered pot but can lift a shelf weighing about 1.3 tons and automatically move on command from a distance They're about 16 inches tall and weigh almost 320 pounds They can run at a steady mph It can move the target shelf from the warehouse to the handling area, then move the empty racks back to their original position When the battery is too low, Kiva will automatically return to the charging position to charge itself Basically, it was like a group of hardworking workers, constantly walking around in the warehouse How to avoid collisions while on the go is one of the core technologies of the Kiva System, which Amazon has seen and appreciated There are two versions of Kiva robots, the “G” drive for light pods weighing up to 750 pounds and the “S” drive for larger racks and pallets weighing up to 3,000 pounds Both models are designed to operate on a rotating schedule of 60 minutes of work, followed by minutes of charge time The robots are controlled by a centralized computer using a secured WiFi network for communication They have two powered wheels that allow them to rotate in place, IR for obstacle detection, and floor cameras to read QR codes on the ground The QR codes are used by the robots to determine their location and direction When the customer clicks the final “Buy Now” button, the order enters a sophisticated fulfillment system, which locates the products in different Amazon delivery centers An order of several products might be shipped from several locations, depending on product type and availability Then the system assigns priority depending on the customer’s delivery preference — a “Super Saver” order might wait several hours, while an AmazonPrime order must be shipped the same day Once priority is determined, the robots start to locate and move pods to the assigned packing station to prepare the order for shipment The robots keep workers at the warehouse fully employed, according to Durham The system is designed to optimize robot operation and workstation load, so when a worker is not packing an order, he has time to restock shelves or conduct an inventory check of a pod brought in by a robot Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA To encourage workers to see robots as companions, each unit is given a different name by an Amazon employee, and the name is entered into the system, so workstation workers can refer to them by name instead of a serial number Amazon's automated warehouse systems with spinning robots can be seen at some storage facilities or on car manufacturer's assembly lines But the challenge facing the ecommerce supply chain is very different from the challenge of the assembly line in a factory On an assembly line, robotics are used to repeatedly move selected pieces to build the same car over and over again For Amazon — like other retail fulfillment operations — every online order is unique Web retailers manage thousands, and sometimes millions, of different products, all with varying weights, sizes, and shapes II.4 The effect of Kiva robot on Inventory Kiva built a highly reliable system from electromechanical components and manufacturing processes with carefully planning and executing product development with a cost-efficient manner, which focused on satisfying customer needs and wants that were both varied and changing On account of sensitivity which moved from the subsystems and processes that are expensive to make exact, to parts whose accuracy can be guaranteed at a low cost This permitted us to design extremely dependable robots that can convey loads ranging from a few kilograms to half a ton, with changing mass distributions, at quick speeds without hitting one another Moreover, by approaching a lot of information,, we were able to design modelbased adaptation that improves the performance of the robots over time, while at the same time providing us with important diagnostics and health metrics II.5 The advantages and disadvantages of Kiva robot in Inventory The improvement of cutting edge mechanical technology emphatically affects logistics As an ever increasing number of robots enter our inventory, arranging focuses and even assistance with final-mile conveyance, the cooperation with robots will tackle a Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA few squeezing difficulties – including work accessibility, making the logistics supply network quicker, more secure, and more productivity Normally,  inventory receives, stores, preserves, retrieves and delivers a large number of items on an every day or week Along these lines, inventory systems are being continuously revised to accommodate a continuous flow of products in logistics Today, in almost every aspect of the logistics process, robots and mechanization improve efficiencies, from the inventory to the customer’s door Here are some of the substantial and clear advantages of receiving advanced mechanical systems in the logistics industry In an inventory, various processes should be running at a steady pace to guarantee efficient order fulfillment As innovation progresses, business directors are utilizing applications, advanced administration systems, and tech tools any place possible to expand productivity and alleviate cost There are some undeniable benefits to doing this, however there still can exist some drawbacks to utilizing mechanization, as well  Advantages: 1) To improve the functioning effectiveness.  Kiva adopts intelligent robots for inventory navigation effectively improves the performance of the system is raised times than before Most of the work in Amazon's inventory uses robots to the job From the primary signs sent by a PC, which items are brought down from the rack to the sequence of packing, waiting, loading and unloading onto the vehicle Everything has robot footprints.  => guarantee congruity for the production and distribution of products 2) To save the labor cost Kiva robots can move around in the inventory, snatch and mobile shelves loaded up with items and container.This hi-tech can help retailers to minimize employees complete online orders all the more rapidly and can undoubtedly monitor enormous amounts of stock without huge labor Hence, the organization can save bunches of money since they will not need to pay money as wages Additionally, robots can work every minute of every day, so your inventory will not at any point need to close 3) To accelerate the speed of order processing Kiva systems utilize their cutting edge innovation to build up the smooth inventory robot that can move rapidly in inventory Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA and fetch in the warehouse the products, also can ask dispatch of the goods to be carried out in accordance with the order first, so that amazon's orders can be finished rapidly 4) These robots are normally smaller than forklifts This implies the walkways between the shelves can really be made narrower and will improve the measure of space you have in your inventory to store things You can add more storage  to the building or rent out the extra free space.   => The company can utilize the inventory space optimally 5) Kiva can work with programmed sensors to effectively stay away from other robots and objects This advantage diminishes serious accidents that could influence a laborer's wellbeing and security Some of the most common damage to inventory workers is brought about by falling bed racks, slips, and trips, and frequently high ladders drop Inventory robots eliminate these common dangers for  employees who can deal with climbing, pick-up, packaging, and move around the inventory  * Disadvantage: There are some disadvantages to using robots in inventory 1) The company can change over their inventory into a robot-friendly zone In some situations, the company needs to really assemble an entirely new high-tech inventory to utilize these robots That can be over the expensive 2) Kiva robots cannot always adapt to changing circumstances If a product’s distinguishing label isn’t where it should be or is unreadable, the robot will show an error and need help While laborers can analyze situations and use their ingenuity and critical thinking to come up with solutions to inventory issues, robots are not versatile to change in a working environment In order to every operation to run smoothly, every algorithm or cycle applied is highly exact 3) The cost of the robots themselves and their maintenance will be required Robots, conveyors and other necessary machines should be periodically monitored and kept to guarantee continuous operation People who this work must also be recruited  Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 10 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA and paid, and they demand higher salaries than those working on board because they must have special training in automated systems III ICT IS USED IN AMAZON'S PACKAGING III.1     An brief overview of Packaging Amazon is famous for its drive to automate as many parts of its business as possible, especially in packaging One of the biggest challenges in e-commerce packaging is designing it to be as compact as possible while ensuring that products arrive fully intact With this in mind, Amazon works with manufacturers worldwide to help them re-think and optimize their packaging, reduce waste throughout the supply chain, and protect products from damage during shipment to the customer Therefore, Amazon has piloted a new machine at dozens warehouses, known as the CartonWrap 1000 from Italian firm CMC Srl, since 2019 Figure III-1 : Amazon’s commitment in packaging Source: Amazon III.2 Definition of CMC CartonWrap CMC CartonWrap is an automatic carton packaging system, which is capable of generating carton boxes out of a continuous fan-shaped fold It is taken from the continuous folding fan with a dynamic box forming process for cutting, correcting and boxing, inserting product, canning, labeling, and then exporting, all in one fully automatic process The system is  Designed to address the needs of shippers, such as e-commerce Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 11 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA and fulfillment companies, that need to procure and stock multiple size boxes to satisfy varying packaging needs CartonWrap produces boxes from a simple and inexpensive corrugated fan-shaped fold in real-time, each one is unique to the products being boxed The real-time format change is managed automatically through product recognition or directly from a database ensuring high flexibility of processing This integrated solution is designed to help companies use large numbers of boxes of different sizes and realize the need to ship multiple boxes of different sizes according to the order received III.3 Features about CartonWrap Each machine costs $1 million plus operational expenses, it  takes Amazon a little under two years to recoup the cost of installing the machines The large machine scans goods as they come down the conveyor belt They then create an appropriate sized box and package the items The machine measures the ordered goods, folds the cardboard, cuts the boxes down to size, prints the shipping labels, and sends each package off for delivery High productivity with speeds of up to 15 boxes per minute System can be expanded to add print systems for logos, trademarks or any other information directly to the box, further allowing each box to be unique Labelling systems can be integrated according to shipping method needs They crank out 600 to 700 boxes per hour, or four to five times the rate of a human packer, the sources said The machines require one person to load customer orders, another to stock cardboard and glue, and a technician to fix jams on occasion Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 12 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA III.4 Description of CMC CartonWrap operation Figure III-2 : Description of CMC CartonWrap operation Source:CMC machinery  Step 1       The product is loaded manually and then scanned The size of the box was determined  through the management software: By Barcode readers-  an automatic product dimensioning system A long pallet is already given on the other end of the machine  Step 2&3 The size information, identified in {1}, is used to provide the exact length of material required for the box from the fan-shaped feeder The creasing and trimming system is controlled by a multi-axis servo system that allows for both high precision and high speed The cutting module consists of trimming segments to create all the panels and flaps of the box The automatic gluing system applies glue spots which utilizes hotmelt glue guns along the perimeter of the blank The use of hotmelt glue allows immediate and longlasting sealing Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 13 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA The transversal cutting blade does the final cut of the reel, which is thereby getting a fully shaped carton blank The forming module is self-adjusting according to each box being formed  Step 04 The semi-formed box is conveyed to the product deposit station, the size of the product has been previously detected by the software The semi-formed box containing the product is closed and the box is finished  Step 05 Before closing the upper flaps, it is possible to add additional documents, such as marketing materials, invoices, return instructions, etc, through the use of optional feeders  Step 06 The completed package can also be optionally labeled according to shipping requirements and conveyed to a final palletizing area.  III.5 The effects of CartonWrap on transportation area  Because packaging is directly related to the size and type of the product, the more efficiently it is packed, the more cargo will be loaded onto any transportation modes That system helps to accurately package the product size so there will be no blank space through movement From there the company will need fewer shipments, less energy consumed and  reduce carbon footprint more Packaging and transportation goes hand in hand, CargoWrapping is helping Amazon make the choice of sustainable shipping easier, helping Amazon plan their most efficient and responsible shipping routes In addition,CargoWrap also helps to save money, which helps Amazon to spend that money investing in other services like transportation, helping to improve and deliver faster III.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of using CartonWrap   Advantages Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 14 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA 1) The packing system is much faster than humans It can pack faster than humans, can pack 600 to 700 boxes per hour, 4-5 times faster than human speed CartonWrap only requires one person to load the customer's order, one person to bring in an extra carton, and a technician to repair the damage 2) Help save labor costs A system that replaces at least 24 workers working in each warehouse These warehouses currently employ more than 2,000 workers The scale of machine adoption could make 1,300 workers at Amazon's 55 fulfillment centers disappear 3) Saving materials The system creates a perfectly sized box with the product so there is no free space wasting unnecessary packaging material 4) Helping increase the safety and efficiency of the whole network In the packaging process, there are many stages such as selecting box sizes, labeling to distinguish the type of goods Human implementation will inevitably make mistakes, but with highly programmed machinery systems, the errors will be minimized 5) Less warehouse space is required, which helps save storage costs Boxes come directly from cut and shape from cartons so there is no need to shop and store boxes, only store rolls And there are no risks of not having the correct size box in stock 6) Lowering investment costs To be able to meet Amazon's huge logistics needs, workers always have to operate at full capacity, as well as constantly need to hire new workers in large quantities The larger the number of workers, the higher the cost of employment, while the job turnover rate of the employee is also high while the cost of recruitment and training is not small Also, the initial cost for a robot is high, but its work efficiency and operation time are very long Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 15 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 16 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA ...QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA VĂN HÓA KINH DOANH Ý Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA I INTRODUCING Nowadays, the increase in consumers switching... operation time are very long Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 15 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HĨA Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang 16 QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA ... according to the process All are supported by robots and machines Nhóm 10_44K01.2 Trang QUẢN TRỊ ĐA VĂN HÓA What is ICT ?  "Information and Communication Technologies", ICT refers to technologies