Sử dụng video tiếng anh trong dạy nghe ở một trường cấp 2 tại thái nguyên

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES VO THI HONG HOA THE APPLICATION OF ENGLISH VIDEOS IN TEACHING LISTENING AT A LOWER-SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THAI NGUYEN CITY Sử dụng video Tiếng Anh dạy nghe trường cấp Thái Nguyên M.A THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 8220201 THAI NGUYEN – 2020 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES VO THI HONG HOA THE APPLICATION OF ENGLISH VIDEOS IN TEACHING LISTENING AT A LOWER-SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THAI NGUYEN CITY Sử dụng video Tiếng Anh dạy nghe trường cấp Thái Nguyên M.A THESIS APPLICATION ORIENTATION Field: English Linguistics Code: 8220201 Supervisor: Dr Nguyen Trong Du THAI NGUYEN – 2020 ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the application of using authentic English language videos in teaching listening comprehension in Hoang Van Thu Lower Secondary School, Thai Nguyen City A model of quasi-experimental research was conducted to measure the differences between students’ listening competence with and without watching videos in class Moreover, this study aimed to identify students’ attitudes towards using authentic videos in teaching listening comprehension There were 66 participants divided into classes namely Class A and Class B There were total 132 pre-test and post-test results included 66 pre-tests and 66 post-tests and 33 questionnaires collected By using SPSS 22.0 for Windows to test the hypotheses, the results showed that there was significant difference between pre-test and post-test results of the experimental group Students who joined the class applied video materials showed improvement in listening competence compare to those followed traditional teaching method It indirectly confirmed the novelty and importance of videos in the method of teaching listening Students also showed positive attitudes towards applying video materials in teaching and learning listening comprehension Some suggestions and implications were also proposed for future reference of educational studies Key words: application of using videos, listening comprehension, lower secondary school, student attitudes, quasi-experimental research i DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it are my own and have been generated by me as the result of my own original research I confirm that: This work was done wholly while I am in candidature for a Master degree at The School of Foreign Language -Thai Nguyen University This thesis has never been submitted partially or wholly for a degree or any other qualification at this University or any other institution Where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given With the exception of such quotations, this thesis is entirely my own work I am fully aware that should this declaration be found to be false, disciplinary action could be taken and penalties imposed in accordance with University policy and rules Thai Nguyen, August 24th 2020 Supervisor Trainee Dr Nguyen Trong Du Vo Thi Hong Hoa ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the course of this thesis, I received tremendous help from the school, teachers, family and friends I would like to send my sincere thanks to those who support me First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Nguyen Trong Du for giving me huge motivation, providing me meaningful lessons, and instructing me enthusiastically His enthusiastic supervision and valuable advice help me complete this research in the best way possible I will never forget the very useful knowledge that this teacher brought me Furthermore, there are no words to show my appreciation to linguists whose books and pieces of research Without this support, I would not have been able to enrich my knowledge and conduct this research smoothly I, finally, would never forget the kindness of my friends, supporters and my family who have given me strength all time to encourage me complete this thesis Thank you for everything! iii TABLE OF CONTENTS COVER PAGE ABSTRACT i DECLARATION ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the study 1.2 Scope of the study 1.3 Significance of the study .6 1.4 Aim of the study 1.5 Organization of the study .8 CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 11 2.1 Theoretical Background .11 2.1.1 Listening Comprehension 11 2.1.2 The use of videos in language learning 13 2.2 Review of related studies 14 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODS .19 3.1 Research Methods .19 3.1.1 Experimental Research 19 3.1.2 Why Quasi-experimental Research? 21 3.2 Participants 22 3.3 Procedures 23 3.4 Selecting Video Clips 24 3.5 Data Collection 25 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 28 iv 4.1 Findings 28 4.1.1 Descriptive Analysis .28 4.1.2 Paired Sample t-test Analysis .30 4.1.3 Description of Participants .31 4.1.4 Construct Validity and Reliability Analysis 32 4.1.5 Questionnaire Analysis 33 4.2 Discussions 38 4.2.1 The differences between listening competence with and without using videos 39 4.2.2 Differences in listening comprehension before and after learning to listen through videos .39 4.2.3 Students' attitude towards using videos to teach listening comprehension 40 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS 45 5.1 Conclusions 45 5.2 Suggestion for Further Research .46 5.3 Limitations 48 REFERENCES .49 APPENDICES 54 APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE (ENGLISH VERSION) 54 APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNAIRE (VIETNAMESE VERSION) 57 APPENDIX 3: PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST 60 APPENDIX 4: TEACHING PLANS 68 APPENDIX 5: TRANSCRIPTS 100 v LIST OF TABLES Table Classroom Activities Procedure (Class A) 26 Table Description of Listening Pre-test Results by Groups of Level 28 Table Description of Listening Post-test Results by Groups of Level 29 Table Description of Listening Post-test Results by Classes 29 Table Pre-test and Post-test Results Comparison by Classes 31 Table Paired Sample Test Results 31 Table Demographic Profile of Participants .32 Table Item - Total Statistics 33 Table Students' Attitude Toward Using Videos in Teaching Listening Comprehension 36 Table 10 Differences between Learning With and Without Using Videos 38 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Research Flow Chart .10 vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the study According to Scheuer (2007: 18) English now is a dominant language spoken by more than a billion people in the world and it is a shared means of communication among speakers of different backgrounds A person with good communication skills would find better chances not only in career but also in daily life Likewise, since the time of integration from 1986, the language is now popularly spoken as a foreign language in Vietnam Vietnamese students who graduate from university will have the opportunity to find a job with better income if the ycan get English certificates such as TOEIC, TOEFL, IELTS, etc In addition, high school graduates who want to find opportunities to study abroad must have good English skills A candidate profile with high English proficiency certificate will be able to easily achieve valued scholarships compared to other applicants Recently, the number of foreigners coming to Vietnam for travelling and working is increasing by years, leading to a significant increase in the need to use English In any field, any organization, the requirement of English fluently communication is also a priority when coming to an interview In particular, with the development of a globalized economy, Vietnam is rapidly integrating with other countries It means a person who can use English language well will prevail in all aspects and easily develop himself With the growing demand for learning English, the teaching of English also becomes more necessary To improve English proficiency of Vietnamese, English has become a compulsory subject at all levels of education from primary school to tertiary level The Ministry of Education also renovates textbooks with the aim of orienting the renovation of testing and evaluation methods to encourage learners to be more active and more effective (Hoang Van Van, 2011: 97) Elementary students have begun to familiarize themselves with English through simple phrases and dialogues Every year, English is included in the list of subjects required for students taking the high school graduation and university entrance examination In terms of teaching, teachers try to make every effort to find simple and effective ways to teach English Moreover, models of English club in schools and English centers are also set up more and more C make fun of D enjoy The fourth person can work well even under……………… A pressure B impression C chest D flesh - Tell Ss that they are going to listen to five people who are being interviewed Before listening, Ss read through the statements to make sure they understand them and to underline key words - Have Ss this activity in pairs Play the recording first, then a second time for Ss to check First, ask Ss to work individually listen carefully, follow the video, then work in pairs to swap their answers - T gives the correct answers Keys: B A C B A While-listening: (18’) T-C P-W T-C Work in pairs Listen to the recording again then ask and answer the questions? What did the first person to pass the physics class? What is the first person’s weakness What did the third person advise his boss? Did the third person learn business at his university? What the fourth person need to to deal with her weakness Keys: She got a tutor and studied really hard She is not trained in accounting He told his boss some advertising ideas No, he didn’t She needs to learn a lot more - Ask Ss to work in pairs Play the recording one or two times Clarify anything which is unclear or difficult 97 Ask Ss to listen carefully then have Ss complete the questions by answering anything they remember from the tape - Play the recording the last time for Ss to check Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F) Sentences T F The third person is good at making ideas T-C S-S-S P-W T-C The first person got good mark at her physical class The second person is reliable The fourth person can work with computer quite well The fifth person is no longer young - Have Ss work individually to underline the key words in the statements - Have Ss complete the table by ticking T or F and compare their answers with a classmate before giving T the answers - Play the recording one or two times Clarify anything which is unclear or difficult Ask Ss to listen carefully and tick T/F as they hear answers in the lecture - Play the recording again for Ss to check Confirm the correct answers Key: T T F F T Writing Work in pairs Choose a job that you like Discuss 98 which three qualities would be necessary for people doing that job You can use some of the ideas below Remember to give reasons T-C P-W T-C First check that everybody understands the meaning of the adjectives in the box If not, T can spend some time explaining them Set a time limit for pairs to brainstorm the ideas and the discussion - Ask Ss to refer back to and as examples for useful language and ideas Ask some pairs to present their ideas to the whole class Remind Ss that they should give examples and reasons to support their main points Post-listening: (8’) T-C S-S-S T-C - Have Ss work individually to get their ideas down on paper Give them ten minutes to write and edit their work Swap their writing with a partner for peer review, comments, and corrections Then ask Ss to write the second draft as homework T-C - Learn by heart the new words P-W Homework (2’) Based on your discussion in 4, write a paragraph about the three most important qualities a person needs to be able to a job well Remember to give reasons and examples to support your opinion - Complete the writing and practice listening Evaluation ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………… Leader’ signature Date 18 / 03/ 2019 Pham Thi Lan 99 APPENDIX 5: TRANSCRIPTS HOW TO MAKE AN EASY CHICKEN STIR-FRY THE EASIEST WAY Stir-fries are a quick and healthy way to make a weeknight dinner but too often what you end up with are mushy vegetables that come to the table drowning in sauce Here in the chopped Test Kitchen we’ve developed a recipe that requires no fancy equipment and has a really simple marinade that does double duty as just the right amount of sauce for your stir-fry Grab a bowl put in tablespoon of cornstarch tablespoons of dry sherry tablespoons of soy sauce tablespoons of oyster sauce and half a teaspoon of kosher salt Give that all a really good whisk and really get in there to make sure that you don’t have any lumps of cornstarch Then get out your chicken and cut it into bite-size pieces you’ll need about a pound of either boneless light or dark meat I like dark meat I think a taste better has more flavor and it’s juicier so that’s what I’ll be using throw the chicken into the bowl with the marinade and give it a quick stir to coat all the pieces Then you can set it aside while you prepare the vegetables take half a pound of snow peas and one red bell pepper give them a quick wash and then pack them dry with paper towels you don’t want any moisture on the vegetables or else when they hit that hot pan they’re going to steam and that’s gonna promote Machinist You don’t want that take the seeds out of the pepper and cut them into thin slices Then take two scallions trim the ends off and cut both of those into quarter-inch pieces Then take two garliccloves and give them a really good shot Now grab a big pan you might think that you have to have a wok to stir-fry but You actually don’t In fact, most Western stoves aren’t equipped to handle the roundbottom walks that you see in stores If you really want to invest in a wok look for one 100 that has a flat bottom so it works on your stove here you can over high heat for about four minutes until it’s smoking Now I’m not talking about billows of smoke coming out of your pan you just want to see a few wisps and I know it might seem scary to have a smoking pan but that high heat is one of the keys to a really great stir-fry Once you have your pan nice and hot drizzle in about a teaspoon of either vegetable canola or peanut oil and really make sure you’re coating the entire surface of the pan Now you’re ready to stir-fry get your game face on and pay attention because Vegetables are gonna be going in and out of the pan and rapid succession and you Really need to make sure that you have everything ready before you start So put your peppers in let them cook for about one to two minutes until they’re blistered pull them out of the pan and then add another teaspoon of oil and again make sure that you drizzle it in there and you’re covering the whole surface then add your snow peas cook those for about another one to two minutes and then pull them out of the pan Finally add one tablespoon of oil and then dump all the chicken and the marinade into the pan cook it for about four minutes stirring halfway through until the chicken pieces are really nicely browned and cooked through when the chicken is ready add the scallions garlic peppers and snow peas And stir everything until it has a nice coating of sauce cook that into the sauce, thicken Minkel Now you have a stir-fry that really highlights all of the ingredients the snow peas and peppers are nice and crisp and you’ve got tender juicy pieces of chicken and there it is the easiest way to make a chicken stir-fry 101 THE IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM Dave proud owner of a working peach orchard and big time supporter of promoting tourism so why does a peach farmer care about tourism? Well, let me tell you a little story about John and Jane they thought it would be nice to take a vacation John had ideas and Jane had ideas but as they talk they couldn’t decide where to go They knew their perfect place was out there they just had to find it Jane flipped through magazines John started noticing the vacation ads on TV On his way to work John saw billboards and heard radio ads and once he got there he talked to his friends about where they spent their vacations Jane did some research on the internet, visiting different websites to see which places had what they were looking for After seeing all their options John and Jane came to the same conclusion We found the perfect place that he was so excited he started to plan their trip right away after booking their flights John was eager to line up some things to in the perfect place so he visited the perfect places web site watched a video checked out the hotels bought tickets to a ball game and signed up for the perfect places enewsletter especially for visitors Jane called the toll-free number and spoke to a nice lady who told her everything she needed to know about the perfect place Jane also got the visitors guide which helped her learn what theatre productions were in town where to eat and other things to in the perfect place so John and Jane had explored their options booked their travel and planned their vacation they pack their bags and off they went End of story, right? Actually this is where the real story begins because what you think John and Jane when they get to the perfect place guess what they spend their money they spend their money on their rental car in their hotel seeing the attractions enjoying outdoor activities shopping and dining out they ‘re happy they came to the perfect place You know who else is happy? The hotel they stayed and of course and the bellman at the hotel, the workers at the local company that supplies his uniform, the stores they shop at, and the banks they use, and then there’s the restaurant where John and Jane eat dinner, and the waitress who served them their wine She’s happy too So is the local vineyard that grew the grapes that made the wine the people who bottled it and the drivers who brought it into town and the 102 peach farmer who supplied the peaches for the cobbler that the waitress served John and Jane for dessert That’s why someone like me about tourism in somewhere like the perfect place yes I’m a farmer but I’m also a businessman and I can draw a lot of conclusions from that story I bet you can too Tourism creates jobs it brings in spending and tourists pay taxes which means locals pay less but tourism is competitive and without the marketing engine that drives it people like John and Jane will take their money to some other destination where it’ll benefit some other local economy Let’s make sure our local economy grows let’s feed it nurture it helps it along so it becomes strong healthy and delicious Tourism is vital to us like oranges to Florida cars to Michigan or wine to Napa without marketing funding many visitors will find the perfect place somewhere else Tourism pays for everyone 103 THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH There is an obvious point that more people speak Chinese more nations have Spanish as their mother tongue but realistically English is the language of choice throughout the world today it has become an international language Due to being the language of trade, communication, science and major international media so is it really worth putting all that time effort and energy into learning English Well let’s consider how English fluency might impact your own life first and foremost English opens new career opportunities English is the dominant business language it has become almost a necessity for people to speak English if they are to enter a global workforce Research from all over the world shows that cross-border business communication is most often conducted in English and Many international companies expect employees to be fluent in English global companies such as Airbus Daimler, Chrysler fast retailing Nokia Renault Samsung S ap Technicolor and Microsoft have mandated English as their official corporate language therefore the importance of learning English in the international marketplace cannot be understated and one day you might land with a dream job Here comes the second point you can easily travel anywhere in the world being able to speak English makes it easier to travel because English is spoken as a first or second Language in so many different countries it is always easy to find English speakers as well as printed information in English especially at hotels and in areas frequented by tourists in most hotels at least one employee will speak English this makes it easier for customers to get what they need and spend their money on moreover you will find that some of your best interactions will be with the people on the streets who trying to sell you something and people around in short words English will bridge the communication gap on your travels and make travelling a breeze This bring us to our third point English gives you wider access to knowledge many universities and schools worldwide are offering an increasing number of courses taught exclusively in English the English language gives students access to information and research since many of the top academic journals are published in English students and academics need strong English reading and writing skills to better understand and take advantage of it moreover for a research study or other publication to get sufficient attention it should be published in English in order to take advantage of a number of study opportunities and courses English will be a necessity Finally speaking English gives you access to a world of entertainment many of the world’s top films books and music are published and produced in English therefore by 104 learning English you will have access to a great wealth of entertainment and will be able to have a greater cultural understanding if you speak English you won’t need to rely on translations and subtitles anymore to enjoy your favourite books songs films and TV shows watching movies and television programmes in the English language is also a great and fun way to learn it by concluding this lesson we can say English is incredibly important for a whole range of reasons take the time to have fun learning English by listening to music watching a movie challenging yourself to games in English there are so many opportunities to learn English while having fun there’s no excuse not to enjoy yourself even if you have to learn grammar 105 WHAT WILL SPACE TOURISM BE LIKE? This video is supported by Brilliant On the 12th of April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first ever human to venture into space On that day, he saw the world in a way that no human had ever seen before Since then, just 560 people have been into space, most of them being trained astronauts That spent years preparing for their flights But when will the rest of us get a chance to visit space? And what will we when we get there? In this video, we’re going to look at the future of space tourism We’re also going to look at the private astronauts that have paid to go into space and how reusable rockets could help to kick start the space tourism industry Since the beginning of spaceflight, only people have paid to go to space In 2001, American entrepreneur Dennis Tito paid $20 million for an 8-day trip to the International Space Station At the time, NASA thought it was inappropriate for tourists to go to space, so they refused to train him Instead, he partnered with the Russian’s and took a ride on Soyuz mission TM32 along with two Cosmonauts He recalls the spectacular moment when he looked out of his window for the first time and saw the curvature of the Earth against the darkness of space Dennis spent a total of days on the ISS where he performed various experiments and admired the incredible view of Earth So far, the amount of paying visitors to space has been very low, but all that could change in the near future With multiple private space companies developing reusable spacecraft, the cost of spaceflight is starting to lower dramatically Blue Origin are developing their ‘New Shepard’ spacecraft specifically for tourism flights into space This capsule has seats with the largest windows ever seen in a spacecraft 106 During these flights, the rocket will accelerate up to 100km in altitude before cutting off the engine and releasing the capsule At this point, the capsule is essentially in free fall but still travelling upwards to its highest point Passengers inside the capsule will be able to leave their seats and experience the effects of weightlessness A few minutes later, the passengers will return to their seats before the capsule enters the atmosphere and the effects of weightlessness disappear Although these flights will be extremely short, the reusability of this rocket could give customers a chance to experience the wonders of space from a price as low as 200,000$ Although this will still only satisfy the super-rich, it’s a step in the right direction if spaceflight is to ever achieve the price and safety standards of airliners But as the industry grows and companies compete to develop the cheapest ride into space, these prices could fall even more If each space vehicle can be reused multiple times before needing serious refurbishment, the customer will only need to cover the cost of crew and fuel An airplane can fly multiple times per day, and conduct tens of thousands of flights over its lifetime If a rocket can reach even a fraction of those numbers, space tourism could be opened up to the wider public But developing a cheap ride into space is only half of the problem The cost of actually living in space is still an incredibly expensive luxury In order to run the International Space Station, it costs NASA around $4 Billion each year After years of avoiding commercialization, NASA recently opened up the ISS to paying customers But with the extremely high running costs, the ISS is still just a destination for the wealthy In order to have food and air during your stay on the ISS, it will cost you $ 22,500 per day 107 Once everything else like power and Wi-Fi is included, a one night stay onboard the ISS will cost you at least 35,000$ In order for space tourism to become a reality, the cost of building and operating a habitat in space will need to be drastically reduced Space Technology startup ‘Bigelow Aerospace’ are developing large inflatable space station modules These modules can be packed into a rocket’s payload bay and inflated into a much larger size when in space The idea is that large expandable modules like these could be the perfect foundation for space hotels Currently, the ISS requires an enormous team of people working 24 hours a day just to keep the station running Bigelow Aerospace are hoping to simplify the operation of their modules and reduce the running cost And since they are easier to manufacture and cheaper to launch than traditional space station modules, they could reduce the cost of living in space all together So although the idea of space tourism may seem like a distant fantasy The incredible advancements in reusable rockets and space modules could soon open the door for a brand new generation of explorers 108 WOMEN ROLES IN THE FAMILY Nowadays women and men are mostly equal in their households the cooking of meals chores around the house and the source for households’ income but this behavior specially by women has not always been encouraged how we treat and seem today has been formed by our views ideas and believes we’ve had in history and has enabled us to develop them into what we have today I bring you back to the 1600s colonial America women were expected to be married by the age of 20 and have children the women were responsible for collecting tasks to look after the house and keep it in order some of these tasks included paring meals mending clothes making baskets doing laundry preserving food for the winter tending to livestock making candles dyeing clothes and working in the garden these women worked from sunup to sundown which meant there had to be hard workers and resilient not that they had a choice they had to obey their man in their life at all times whether it be their brother father or husband showing you this information proves that these women had a tough time and you’d think that these oppressive ways would ease I now bring you to the 1950s where these oppressive ways certainly have not eased in the 1950s men were seen as a hard-working gender and the gender has more skills been saying this women were the people who did the most work in one day while the men were at work the women would stay home get the kids ready for school pack their lunches clean the house so their husband can come home to clean surroundings cook dinner in time for it to be ready on the table by the husband arrived home and pick up the kids from school if need be basically women kept the house afloat but were seen as substandard to their husbands while males were brought up to follow their father’s footsteps and become a successful businessman and marry a perfect wife females were brought up to be their perfect wife obey their husbands the household chores and cook now if you compare these times with modern times you’ll find they’re quite different women nowadays can actually have an option to work and not be expected to be a housewife for example if you look at my family both of my parents are teachers we all have chores we undertake which change regularly most the time dad cooks but occasionally mum and I join in woman’s role in the family have drastically changed over hundreds of years and gladly for the better these days there are no specific expectations of a woman in the house which enables them to have the future they want this was production by a bee Maya I hope you 109 ENGLISH CONSERVATION JOB INTERVIEW SKILLS Unit describe your greatest strengths and weaknesses Dialogue one what is your greatest strength My greatest strength is persistence I work really hard and I don’t give up easily Can you give me an example? Yes, when I was a student I had problems with a physics class I didn’t give up though I got a tutor and studied really hard finally I passed the class with an a Do you have any examples at work? Yes, when I was manager at charter entrance we had a very important quoted Deadline I wouldn’t stop working till we met the quota I talked to the staff and we all worked really hard to meet the deadline What about your greatest weakness? My greatest weakness would be that I’m not trained in accounting I can still learn though Dialogue two How would you describe your greatest strength? I think my greatest strength is my dependability you can depend on me to Be on time you can depend on me to get my work finished on time and you can Depend on me to be professional And what about your greatest weakness Hmm this could be my experience I’ve only worked full-time for two years now I think I need more experience Dialogue three What’s your greatest strength I think my greatest strength is my creativity sometimes my boss would ask my advice on a project because of my creativity Can you give me an example? Yes, once my boss was quite upset because we weren’t filling our monthly quotas he asked my advice and i told him some advertising ideas we tried them and soon our monthly quota was filled 110 Very good now can you please tell me about your greatest weakness My greatest weakness would probably be my educational background I studied music but I’m working in business now Dialogue Can you tell me what your greatest strength is? I think it’s my quick thinking and decision making there have been many times when I’ve been under pressure and made the right decisions How about your greatest weakness? Probably my computer skills I know a little bit but I need to learn a lot more Dialogue five What’s your greatest strengths As a manager it’s my ability to understand and encourage people I enjoy working with different kinds of people from all kinds of backgrounds What about your greatest weakness? Now I think this is my experience I’m still Young and gaining experience in management What is your greatest strength? My greatest strength is persistence I work really hard and I don’t give up easily and what about your greatest weakness this could be my experience I’ve only worked full-time for two years now I think I need more Experience Can you tell me what your greatest strength is think? It’s my quick thinking and decision making there have been many times when I’ve been under pressure and made the right decisions 111 ... Deleted Q1 38.00 22 . 625 765 841 Q2 37.94 22 .496 800 839 Q3 38.03 23 .530 668 848 Q4 37.30 24 .030 740 846 Q5 37.97 23 .405 699 846 Q6 37.30 23 .28 0 803 841 Q7 38. 42 22. 064 826 836 Q8 38.79 22 .29 7 790 839... HONG HOA THE APPLICATION OF ENGLISH VIDEOS IN TEACHING LISTENING AT A LOWER-SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THAI NGUYEN CITY Sử dụng video Tiếng Anh dạy nghe trường cấp Thái Nguyên M.A THESIS APPLICATION ORIENTATION... using video materials Video materials motivated me to practice listening outside the classroom 25 ,8 56,1 16,7 1,5 4,06 24 ,2 56,1 18 ,2 1,5 3,03 12, 1 53 33,3 1,5 2, 75 15 ,2 54,5 30,3 2, 84 26 ,7 60