Nghiên cứu trích ly polyphenol từ củ hà thủ ô đỏ (polygonum multiflorum thunb ) và ứng dụng trong thực phẩm

THE JOINT ACADEMIC PROGRAM OF EXECUTIVE MASTER IN SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY OF HOCHIMINH CITY AND LIÈGE UNIVERSITY LE MINH THANH EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHODS ON EFFLUENT PARAMETERS IN BIEN HOA I INDUSTRIAL ZONE Major: EXECUTIVE MASTER IN SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT MASTER’S THESIS HOCHIMINH CITY, 2018 The project was completed at The Industrial University of Hochiminh City Supervisor‟s name: Prof.Sc.D.Le Huy Ba The thesis was taken at The Industrial University of Hochiminh City date month 04 year 2018 Committee members (name): - Committee Chair - Commissioner - Secretary COMMITTEE CHAIR DEAN OF INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to Prof.Dr.Sc Le Huy Ba, Lecturer of the Faculty of Environment - Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, has guided and helped students during the process of creating a scientific research platform The students would like to thank all the teachers working at the Institute of Environmental Science, Engineering and Management - Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City During the study and research period at the school, teachers are dedicated to teaching and transmiting valuable specialized knowledge to help students complete the training progamme and master thesis We sincerely thank all of the staff, Bien Hoa Industrial Park management agency for their support and assistance in helping them to survey and collect data Students express our gratitude to parents, brothers in the family, have encouraged, helped students complete thesis; Thank you for your cooperation, IMES4 classmates who have helped and accompanied me during our thesis I pledge the results achieved in my essay "Examination of the effects of wastewater treatment methods on effluent parameters in Bien Hoa I industrial zone" is the research by myself In the whole content of the thesis, things are presented either by myself or are aggregated from many sources The quoted data are clearly and reliably quoted, and the results presented in the dissertation are true AUTHOR LE MINH THANH ABSTRACT In recent decades, Vietnam's economy has developed in line with the trend of industrialization and modernization of the country The industry is prioritized for investment and development in a fast and strong way In order to take advantage of natural resources and favorable climatic and geographical conditions, the industrial zones in the river basins are massively established and put into operation The expansion and development of industrial zones has brought many economic benefits to the society and created jobs for a large number of workers However, apart from the advantages of the IZs, there are disadvantages such as immigration issues, social security issues, environmental pollution in industrial zones and environmental pollution in the Dong Nai river system basin The subject "Examination of the effects of wastewater treatment methods in Bien Hoa I industrial zone" aims to contribute to pollution control and environmental management of the Dong Nai river basin due to the activities of Bien Hoa I Idustrial Park The dissertation includes the contents of the assessment of wastewater environment, calculating the load and proposing measures to control the pollution of the IZ by means of scientific research methods: method of collecting, analyzing, The results of the chemical indicators such as pH, TSS, COD, BOD gave the general view of the environment here Compared with the data collected at the site, the analysis and evaluation samples collected from the Department of Dong Nai province, and Sonadezi company The interaction between concentrations and the industry's GDP, as a basis for predicting pollutant discharge load by 2020 and 2025 Topics proposed management and technical solutions between managers and communities to control environmental pollution, avoid causing consequences to the environment in the Dong Nai river basin and surrounding Keywords: Industrial park, Bien Hoa I, Dong Nai river, industrial activities, wastewater analysis criteria TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGUES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS INTRODUCTION The reason for choosing the topic Objectives of the study 10 Object and scope of the study 10 3.1 Object 10 3.2 Scope 10 The meaning of the topic 10 5.1 Scientific meaning 10 5.2 Practical meaning 11 CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH 12 1.1 Water pollution 12 1.1.1 Causes of water pollution 14 1.1.2 Sources of water pollution 15 1.1.3 Effects of water pollutant 15 1.2 Overview of Status of industrial environment managementin the world and VietNam 16 1.2.1 On the world 16 1.2.2 In Viet Nam 19 1.3 Overview of the geographical area around Bien Hoa Industrial Zone 22 1.3.1 Natural conditions in Dong Nai province 22 1.3.2 Socio-economic impact on the environment 23 1.3.4 Overview of Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone 28 1.3.5 History of establishment and development of IPs 30 1.3.6 Industries, enterprises in the industrial zone 32 CHAPTER CONTENT AND METHODOLOGY 33 2.1 Content 33 2.2 Methodology 33 2.2.1 Approach 33 2.2.2 Method of inheritance, collection of information, data 33 2.2.3 Method of investigation, field survey 34 2.2.4 Method of data processing, statistics, evaluation 34 2.2.5 Sample collection and analysis of wastewater 34 2.2.6 Method of calculating maximum pollutant load of pollutant in industrial effluents (Circular No 02/2009 / TT-BTNMT dated March 19, 2009 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) 39 CHAPTER RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 44 3.1 Status of waste water in Bien Hoa Industrial Park from 2011-2015 44 3.1.1 Quantity of wastewater 44 3.1.2 Quality of Facilities connected wastewater to The WasteWater Treatment Plant in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone II 49 3.1.3 Analysis of effluent norms of some factories that have been issued wastewater permits in industrial zones 51 3.1.4 Analysis of wastewater effluent criteria for some establishments waiting for discharge permit 52 3.2 Status of waste water in Bien Hoa IP in 2016 53 3.3 Forecast of pollutant discharge load from Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone I to Dong Nai River in 2020-2025 58 3.4 Proposing overall solutions to control, minimize pollution and improve surface water quality in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone I 63 3.4.1 Oriented a number of overall solutions 63 3.4.2 Technical solutions 64 3.4.3 Management solutions 65 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 68 REFERENCES 70 APPENDIX 73 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Classification of water pollutants 13 Table 2.1 List of other participants 35 Table 2.2 Parameters and methods of analysis of waste water samples 36 Table 2.3 Location of wastewater sampling in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone 37 Table 3.1 List of occupation distribution in Bien Hoa IP 44 Table 3.2 Wastewater flow of Bien Hoa Industrial Park I, II 45 Table 3.3 Quantity of wastewater generated by some enterprises in Bien Hoa I….47 Table 3.4 Indicators of wastewater output at Bien Hoa II Wastewater Treatment Plant 50 Table 3.5 Meteorological meteorological data of Dong Nai river flowing through Bien Hoa IP 58 Table 3.6 Maximum discharge for pollutants that Dong Nai River can receive 59 Table 3.7 Pollution load is available in Dong Nai River 60 Table 3.8 The pollutant load is generated from Bien Hoa Industrial Zone discharged into the Dong Nai River system 61 Table 3.9 Current industrial pollution load in Bien Hoa I and prediction to 2025 62 Table 3.10 Receive capacity of Dong Nai River for wastewater from Bien Hoa IP in 2016 .62 Table 3.11 Current industrial pollution load in Bien Hoa I and prediction to 2020, 2025 63 LIST OF FIGUES Figure 1.1 Map of Dong Nai province 22 Figure 1.2 The network of major rivers in the Dong Nai river basin .23 Figure 1.3 Comparative chart of industrial production value 25 Figure 1.4 Distribution of industry groups in the industry structure 26 Figure 3.1 Chart showing the indicator of wastewater indicator against standard 56 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS WTS Wastewater treatment system IZ Industrial zone Rainwater drainage: It is built separately from the sewage collection system The construction work of the rainwater sewers was conducted by Sonadezi Corporation in parallel with the construction of internal roads Waste water collection and treatment system: The sewage collection sewage was built and put into operation to collect all waste water of all enterprises in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone I The majority of wastewater generated from enterprises in Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone is directed to the wastewater treatment plant in Bien Hoa II Industrial Zone, which has a capacity of 8000m3 / day and night In addition, some facilities have their own waste water treatment systems and are licensed for discharge directly in the river after their effluent is treated in their own water treatment plants, some of which have their own waste water treatment systems pending discharge and a very small fraction of facilities discharge their wastewaters directly to the environment without any treatment system 1.3.4.3 Labor in Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone According to a periodical report on the labor situation of the management board of industrial zones in Dong Nai province by 9/2015, the Bien Hoa I industrial zone has 26,314 employees, of which the number of FDI workers is 6,871, the number of employees in Vietnamese projects is 19,443 [8] About the age of laborers: Mainly from 30 years of age due to the characteristics of Bien Hoa Industrial Park I have many enterprises have been operating for a long time, workers have many years stick and work there 1.3.5 History of establishment and development of IPs Bien Hoa I Industrial Park was established more than 50 years ago (1963) with the name Bien Hoa Industrial Park, also considered as the oldest industrial park in Vietnam 30 By the end of 4/1975, Bien Hoa had 62 factories in operation, 26 were under construction and were in the design phase After 1975 Bien Hoa Industrial Zone was renamed Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone Bien Hoa Industrial Zone I continued to expand and expand in terms of size and type of business Most of the factories in Bien Hoa I Industrial Park are operating with adequate facilities, factories, land from taking over the factories that were built earlier Some plants innovate technology and replace the old, obsolete equipment and lines, the remaining factories are not financially able to renovate the equipment technology Since they have formed and developed for many years, factories have inherited the material facilities of the previous entreprises, so the factory system and factories not follow the current planning In addition, the land use has not been thoroughly cleaned, there is a large area of vacant land in the factories and no use, leading to waste of resources In 2000 the Prime Minister also signed the decision to invest in upgrading the technical infrastructure of Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone with the goal of improving Bien Hoa Industrial Zone I with a complete synchronous technical infrastructure Innovative enterprises in novate technology to improve the environmental pollution in this area However, when the project was completed, the goal was to set up a technical infrastructure system and move people out of industrial land, while environmental pollution only improved a little As of 12/2015, Bien Hoa I Industrial Zone has grown strongly There are 107 enterprises with 116 establishments, of which 84 enterprises rent land infrastructure of Sonadezi and 23 enterprises rent warehouse: - Enterprises are deploying: enterprise (joint venture Nippovina) 31 - Operated enterprises: 90 enterprises with 97 establishments, including 83 production enterprises, Sonadezi Industrial Park Development Corporation, 2016, the project of remedying environmental pollution and transforming the functions of Bien Hoa Industrial Zone is not in production but only in offices, warehouses, factories and land - Enterprise does not work: there are 16 enterprises with 18 establishments have now ceased operation 1.3.6 Industries, enterprises in the industrial zone The enterprises in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone have a diversified business model, including the production of animal feed, food (mainly noodles, vegetable oil, confectionery, milk, sugar, coffee ) to products from plastic, rubber, packaging, wood, wool, yarn, brick, cement, mechanical workshops, metal molding, electronic components production chemicals (Specifically presented in Table 3.1) 32 CHAPTER CONTENT AND METHODOLOGY 2.1 Content Assessment of waste water situation in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone Forecast of pollutant discharge load trends to 2020, 2025 To propose comprehensive solutions to control and minimize environmental pollution in Dong Nai river basin due to the activities of Bien Hoa Industrial Zone 2.2 Methodology 2.2.1 Approach The industrial activity and the actors of this activity on the ecological environment are a global relationship that is constantly influenced by internal and external factors, movement and balance within a total can be certain It can be said that the polluted water from the industrial park is spreading pollutants, affecting and interacting with one river basin (from the sub-basin spreading, overflowing sluice gates, streams, large streams, continue to small rivers, large rivers and finally to the place where the flow (lake, sea), with a certain concentration and flow The contamination of water only disappears when aquatic ecosystems achieve their self purification 2.2.2 Method of inheritance, collection of information, data Based on a selective inheritance of previous research conducted in the study area and the necessary information for research Overview of data collection on current status and planning orientation of industrial zones / clusters in the study area - Data on natural, socio-economic and population data - Reports, design documents of industrial parks in the scope of research subject 33 - Documents for the process of proposing mitigation measures In addition, the research also synthesizes research documents or application of environmental assessment indicators and environmental classification 2.2.3 Method of investigation, field survey Surveying in the industrial zone and surrounding environment of the IZ in the same river force within the scope of study, considering the enterprises operating in the industrial zone, surveying the current status of the water drainage system (a separate treatment system of one number of enterprises) and concentrated wastewater treatment of Bien Hoa Industrial Zone (using the common wastewater treatment system of Bien Hoa Industrial Zone) 2.2.4 Method of data processing, statistics, evaluation With the current status of the IZs, production facilities and wastewater treatment status, a list of selected facilities for field survey is prepared Based on the results of the analysis, we compared our results with current QCVN for industrial wastewater parameters and classify the level of environmental pollution to wastewater We studied related documents and propose technical solutions to contribute to the reduction and control of water pollution in industrial zones 2.2.5 Sample collection and analysis of wastewater The collected data on wastewater quality inherited from the project on pollution control of industrial zones in Dong Nai river basin, Nhue-Day river (ViPMP) The members directly involved in the implementation of the Environmental Monitoring Program include staff from the Center for Analysis and Environment - Responsible person: Duong Hai Au - Director of Center for Analysis and Environment - Other participants 34 Table 2.1 List of other participants [21] No Work content Participants Position Duong Hai Au Nguyen Thi Thuy Van Nguyen Thị Hồng Diem Field observation andNguyen Thuy Diem sampling Nguyen Mạnh Trung Observers Le Văn Quy Nguyen Van Tan Nam Nguyen Thi Thuy Van Nguyen Thị Hồng Diem Deputy Head of Analysis Division Nguyen Thuy Diem Analysis of samples Nguyen Mạnh Trung in the laboratory Le Văn Quy Technicians Technicians Nguyen Van Tan Nam Tran Thi My Duyen Execution time - Observation time: September 15, 2016 - Time for completion of monitoring results: 30 September 2016 shall be conducted according to the following sampling methods: VNS 6663-1:2011: Water quality Technical guidance on sampling VNS TCVN 6663:2008: Water quality Guide to preservation and handling VNS TCVN 5999:1995: Water quality Guide to waste water sampling VNS TCVN 8880-2011: Water quality Sampling for microbiological analysis 35 Sampling directly from the mouth, contained in specialized bottles Cryopreservation Table 2.2 Parameters and methods of analysis of waste water samples [21] No Parameters Unit Methods of Analysis - SMEWW 2550B:2012 Temperature DO mg/l TCVN 7325:2004 pH mg/l TCVN 6492:2011 TSS mg/l SMEWW 2540D:2012 COD mg/l SMEWW 5220C:2012 BOD5 mg/l SMEWW 5210B:2012 N-NH4+ mg/l SMEWW 4500NH3.B&C:2012 T-N mg/l TCVN 6638:2000 P-PO43- Pt-Co SMEWW 4500P.D:2012 10 T-P mg/l SMEWW 4500P.B&D:2012 11 Cl- mg/l SMEWW 4500-Cl.B:2012 12 CN- mg/l HD 54- PT-CN 13 Grease mg/l SMEWW 5520B:2012 MPN/100ml TCVN 6187/2-1996 15 Total phenol mg/l TCVN 6216:1996 16 Cu mg/l SMEWW 3111B :2012 17 Zn mg/l SMEWW 3111B:2012 18 Ni mg/l SMEWW 3111B:2012 19 Pb mg/l SMEWW 3111C:2012 20 As mg/l SMEWW 3114B:2012 14 Coliform 36 No Parameters Unit Methods of Analysis 21 Cd mg/l SMEWW 3111C-2012 22 Hg mg/l SMEWW 3112B:2012 23 Cr6+ mg/l SMEWW 3500.Cr.B:2012 24 Cr3+ mg/l SMEWW 3111B:2012 SMEWW 3500.Cr.B:2012 Table 2.3 Location of wastewater sampling in Bien Hoa Industrial Zone [21] Name company Sampling locations Sample symbol Dry Cell and Storage Battery Joint Stock Company (Pinaco) input 16091504-NT1 Dry Cell and Storage Battery Joint Stock Company (Pinaco) output 16091504-NT2 Bien Hoa Chemical Company Limited (Vicaco) Input 16091504-NT3 Bien Hoa Chemical Company Limited (Vicaco) output 16091504-NT4 Southern Steel Sheet Co Ltd (SSSC) input 16091504-NT5 Southern Steel Sheet Co Ltd (SSSC) output 16091504-NT6 Ajinomoto VietNam Co input 16091504-NT7 Ajinomoto VietNam Co output 16091504-NT8 Net Washing Powder (NETCO) after filter, input wts 16091504-NT9 Vinacafe Bien Hoa Joint Stock Company input 16091504-NT10 37 Name company Sampling locations Sample symbol Vinacafe Bien Hoa Joint Stock Company output 16091504-NT11 DIELAC Dairy Factory- VINamilk input 16091504-NT12 DIELAC Dairy Factory- VINamilk output 16091504-NT13 Tam Hiep Rubber Technical Factory collection tank 16091504-NT14 Bien Hoa Sugar Joint Stock Company input 16091504-NT15 Bien Hoa Sugar Joint Stock Company output 16091504-NT16 South Basic Chemicals Joint Stock Company collection tank 16091504-NT17 Dong Nai Paint Corporation collection tank 16091504-NT18 Dong Nai Tile Corporation collection tank 16091504-NT19 Viet Phap Feed Production Corporation (350.000 Ton/year) collection tank 16091504-NT20 Bien Hoa Packaging Company – paper workshop input 16091504-NT21 Bien Hoa Packaging Company – paper workshop output 16091504-NT22 Bien Hoa Packaging Company Carton workshop input 16091504-NT23 Bien Hoa Packaging Company Carton workshop output 16091504-NT24 Centralized Wastewater Treatment input 16091504-NT25 38 Name company Sampling locations Sample symbol Plant In Bien Hoa Industrial Zone II Centralized Wastewater Treatment output 16091504-NT26 Plant In Bien Hoa Industrial Zone II 2.2.6 Method of calculating maximum pollutant load of pollutant in industrial effluents (Circular No 02/2009 / TT-BTNMT dated March 19, 2009 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) 2.2.6.1 Data requirements a Data on receiving water Data on receiving water sources include flow data and pollutant concentrations assessed in water sources a.1 Data load - Use flow data series observed in the river section being evaluated - Where there are no flow data for the river sections being assessed, data from similar rivers may be used - Graph the flow over time and select the smallest instantaneous flow to calculate the receiving capacity of the water source (as shown below) Figue 2.1 Graph of flow over time and the smallest instantaneous flow [17] 39 a.2 Data on water quality The water quality data must be the actual observation data in the river section being assessed and at the same time the river flow data used in the calculation or during the minimum flow period The sampling, preservation and analysis of water samples shall comply with the current regulations and standards and apply the following standards: + Standard TCVN 5992-1995: Technical guidance on sampling; + Standard TCVN 5996-1995: Guidelines for sampling in rivers and streams; + Standard TCVN 5999-1995: Guideline for wastewater sampling; + Standard TCVN 5993-1995: Guidance on preservation and processing of samples; + Standards TCVN on sample analysis in the laboratory, - The water sample to determine the concentration of pollutants in the receiving water is a sample of at least samples taken at different locations on the same cross section (middle of the stream, 1/4 of the width of the river left bank and 1/4 river width from the right bank) and at a depth of 0.5m from the water surface b Data on wastewater sources b.1 Data on waste water source must be the maximum value of wastewater discharge and the highest concentration value of pollutant present in waste source b.2 Pollutants should be assessed as all substances listed in the water quality standards and standards for the intended uses of the receiving water and other pollutants contained in the waste water but not listed in the the standards and standards of Vietnam Currently, water quality standards for the use of receiving water sources include: 40 Surface water quality standards TCVN 5942-1995 (kind A, kind B); Water quality standards for irrigation TCVN 6773-2000; Freshwater quality standards protect the aquatic life of the TCVN 6774-2000 b3 For wastes that are currently discharged, data on wastewater sources must be measured and observed b4 For future sources of waste, data on wastewater sources must be based on scientific basis 2.2.6.2 Calculation The maximum load of pollutants that a water bodycan absorb for a specific pollutant is calculated using the formula: Ltđ = (Qs + Qt) * Ctc * 86,4; With: Ltđ (kg/day) maximum pollutant load of the water source for the pollutant in question; Qs (m3/s) minimum flow velocity in the river section needs to be assessed before receiving wastewater, is determined according to instructions in ”a” section 2.2.6.1; Qt (m3/s) maximum discharge of wastewater, determined according to the instructions in ”b” section 2.2.6.1.; Ctc (mg/l) The value of the pollutant concentration limit under consideration is prescribed in the water quality regulations and standards so as to ensure the use purpose of the water being evaluated according to the guidance in ”b” section 2.2.6.1.; 86,4 (m3/s)*(mg/l) transfer (kg/day) 41 * Calculate the pollutant load available in the receiving water The amount of pollutant load available in the receiving water source for a particular pollutant is calculated by the formula: Ln = Qs * Cs * 86,4 Then: Ln (kg/day) pollutant load is available in the receiving water; Qs (m3/s) minimum flow velocity in the river section needs to be assessed before receiving wastewater Cs (mg/l) maximum concentration of pollutants in water before receiving wastewater; 86,4 is a dimension unit conversion factor from (m3/s)*(mg/l) to (kg/day) * Calculate pollutant discharge load of pollutant into water source The pollutant load of a specific pollutant from the source of discharge into the receiving water source is calculated according to the following formula: Lt = Qt* Ct* 86,4 With: The pollutant load of a specific pollutant from the source of discharge into the receiving water source is calculated according to the following formula: Lt (kg/day) is the amount of pollutant in the waste stream Qt (m3/s) is the largest sewage flow, determined according to the instructions at the point “b” section 2.2.6.1.; Ct (mg/l) is the maximum concentration value of the pollutant in the effluent, determined according to the instructions at point “b” section 2.2.6.1 * Calculation of wastewater receiving capacity 42 The ability to receive pollutant discharge load of a water source for a particular pollutant from a single discharge point is calculated by the formula: Ltn = (Ltđ – Ln – Lt) * Fs Fs is the coefficient of safety, the value of this coefficient is determined as follows: - The use of the Fs Safety Factor in determining the acceptability of pollutants is due to the fact that many factors are not quantifiable and uncertain in the calculation of wastewater reception capacity when forced to accept pesticides the above mentioned; or due to the lack of adequate information on the situation of discharge of waste water and the exploitation and use of water downstream; and to ensure that the capacity of receiving wastewater from the water source will not be used for a single source of wastewater and that it will be capable of receiving wastewater from downstream sources - The Fs safety factor is in the range of 0.3