Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Chuyênăđ : CÁCăK ăN NGăLÀMăBÀIăT Pă C HI UăTRONGă THI THPTQG Compiled by Mrs Trang Anh Facebook: Mrstranganh87 I Các b c làm t p đ c hi u thi THPTQG c câu h i tr c, ch a v i đ c l a ch n tr l i Vì bi t đ c ki u câu h i ph i tr l i s d dàng tìm câu tr l i h n c k m i câu h i ph ng án tr l i, g ch d i m i t khóa, t p trung vào t khóa đ c đ tìm câu tr l i Tùy vào t ng ki u câu h i đ có chi n l Khơng nh t thi t ph i làm l n l c làm khác t t đ u đ n cu i, mà câu d làm tr đ l i sau II Các d ng câu h i th ng g p cách làm Câuăh iăv ămainăideas(ý t Nó s th ng c a đo n v n) ng b t đ u b ng nh ng câu h i nh sau: - What does the passage mainly discuss? - What is the topic/subject of the passage? - The author’s main purpose in the passage is to… - What is the main topic of this passage? - What is the best title for the passage? - Where was the passage possibly taken from? - What does the first/ second/ paragraph discuss? - What is the purpose of the passage? - The passage was written to - The writer of this passage is trying to - The most suitable title for the passage could be - The passage mainly discusses - The purpose of the passage is https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net c, câu khó Tài Liệu Ơn Thi Group - The passage is intended to => Ý t ng c a đo n v n th ng t p trung ph n đ u c a đo n v n, nên t p trung vào ph n đo n v n đ u Tuy nhiên, có nh ng câu h i main ideas đ c đ t xu ng cu i th t câu h i c a V i tr v ns đ ng h p này, ý t ng c a đo n c rút t vi c hi u n i dung c a toàn Do đó, câu nên làm cu i Víăd 1: “Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child's baby teeth fall out In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.” What is the passage mainly about? A Presents for young children’s lost teeth B Customs concerning children's new teeth C Animals eating children's lost teeth D traditions concerning children's lost teet Víăd ă2:ă We get great pleasure from reading The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure But this is not true The mathematician finds the same pleasure in his mathematics as the school boy in an adventure story For both, it is a play of the imagination, a mental recreation and exercise What does the passage mainly discuss? A Different types of books B Different kinds of reading C Reading as an exercise for the brain D Reading as a pleasurable activity 2.ăCâuăh iăv ăstatedădetails - Các câu b t đ u b ng: According to the passage, - Các câu h i ph đ nh v i NOT ho c EXCEPT ho c TRUE nh : Which of the following statements is NOT /TRUE according to the passage? https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group All of the followings are bees' main sources of food EXCEPT => Cách làm: Khi g p câu h i đ c tìm chi ti t, th c hi n theo b B c 1: Xác đ nh keywords câu h i/ câu tr l i B c 2: cl t đ tìm keywords xác đ nh b c sau: c Notes: - Ch t p trung vào tìm "keywords" -L t t ng hàng c a đ c ch d ng l i phát hi n "keywords" - khơng tìm đ c xác "keywords" mà có nh ng t / c m t đ ng ngh a/ trái ngh a B c 3: D ng l i th y "keywords" c k thơng tin tr c sau "keywords" xem có ph c v cho vi c tr l i câu h i khơng N u khơng liên quan đ n câu h i, ti p t c tìm l n l t nh ng ch mà keywords xu t hi n cho đ n tìm câu tr l i cho câu h i Víăd 3: “ Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.” * According the passage, where is a child's lost tooth thought to be taken away by a mouse? In Mongolia B In Korea C In Japan and Vietnam D In Mexico and Spain Víăd ă4:ă Marriage was not so much a romantic love story but a business transaction, or deal Most marriages were arranged between parents while their children were still very young It was the custom that the fathers made the decision on whom their children were going to marry The mothers had little say in it since they rarely made any decisions outside the household The fathers would meet to arrange the wedding date and the money given for the bride on her wedding date The more money and land a girl had, the more chances she had to marry well https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Therefore, it was important that her father choose the bridegroom very well Usually, it was someone who came from a good family or who was rich too It was very unlikely that people married outside their social class The author mentions all of the following in the passage EXCEPT A People tended to marry outside their social class B Men made almost all decisions inside the family C Marriage used to be a deal between two families D The wedding date was decided by the fathers 3.ăT ăv ngătrongăv năc nh M t s câu h i tìm ngh a c a t : - What is the word/ phrase "abc" closest in meaning to? - What does the word/ phrase "abc" most closely mean? - The word/ phrase "abc" mostly means " " - The word/ phrase "abc" most likely means " " - The word/ phrase "abc" most closely means " " - The word/ phrase "abc" can be best replaced by " " => Ý ngh a c a m t t có th đ TH1: Ý ngh a c a t th ng đ c xác đ nh ho c có th d đốn đ c: c g i ý b ng nh ng t đ ng ngh a ho c c m t gi i thích t TH2: Ý ngh a c a t có th đ c d đốn thơng qua ng c nh c a câu ho c đo n v n có t Cách làm: + Finding - Xác đ nh v trí t v ng: th ng t v ng câu h i s đ c in đ m v n b n s khơng g p khó kh n vi c tìm ki m chúng đâu + Reading and Understanding – c hi u: D ng câu h i th c s đ n gi n h n nhi u so v i nh ng d ng khác b n ch c n đ c câu v n ch a t v ng ho c t m t đ n hai câu xung quanh đ hi u đ c ý ngh a c a t v ng + Eliminating or Choosing – Lo i b Ch n l a: Sau hi u đ c ý ngh a s c thái c a t v ng, b n có th lo i b nh ng t khơng phù h p Ví d t v ng mang ngh a tích c c hay g ch b nh ng đáp án mang tính tiêu c c M t s ý đoán ngh a c a t : - ôi ng i đ c có th bi t h t ngh a c a t đ c h i c a đáp án đ a https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Tuy nhiên, c n đ c k ng c nh tr c ch n câu tr l i m t t có th có nhi u ngh a khác nh ng ng c nh khác - N m v ng ý ngh a c a ti n t h u t đ có th đốn ngh a xác Víăd 5: when three young whales were trapped in the sea It was close to winter and the sea had begun to freeze over Whales are mammals that require oxygen from the air, so the frozen ice was a great danger to them All they had then was a tiny hole in the ice for them to breathe through Volunteers from all over soon turned up to help these creatures They cut holes in the ice to provide more breathing holes for the whales These holes would also serve as guides for the whales so that they could swim to warmer waters The word “tiny” in paragraph probably means _ A very small B very deep C very fat D very ugly Víăd ă6:ă The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago The word "origins" in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A countries B families C beginnings D stories Câuăh iătìmăm iăliênăh Các lo i câu h i đ c tìm m i liên h : - What does the word "abc" refer to? - The word "abc" refers to " " Cách làm: B c 1: Tìm t liên h đ c B c 2: c k thông tin tr Nh ng t liên h th B ng n m c sau t đ tìm t /c m t mà t liên h có th ch t i nh ng câu phía tr c c 3: + Tìm đ c t /c m t => ch n câu tr l i + Th thay th t liên h b ng t /c m t cho xem có h p lý khơng Víăd 7: https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group “Marriage nowadays is a choice people make on their own, but this has not always been the case in society Thousands of years ago, the average lifespan was shorter than it is today A man usually lived until he was about 40 years old, while women died even sooner because of childbirth There were many wars and illnesses, and people had to protect themselves by having more children while they were still young The parents lived through their children.” * The word "it" in paragraph refers to A marriage B a choice C society D the average lifespan Víăd ă8: Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child's baby teeth fall out In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses The word "their" in paragraph refers to A houses' B roofs' C children's D countries' Câu h i suy ng m (inference and reasoning questions) Các câu h i suy lu n th ng g p t p đ c: - What can be inferred from the passage? - It can be inferred from the passage that - The passage/author implies that _ - Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage? ây k n ng đ c hi u khó nh t vì: + Yêu c u ng i đ c rút k t lu n d a vào thông tin + Ng i đ c ph i hi u k n i dung c a đ c + Ng i đ c ph i hi u c nh ng ý sâu xa => Cách làm: câu h i làm cu i, sau hi u ý t ng chung c a toàn s d dàng tìm đ c câu tr l i III Các t p áp d ng Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty It can result from high population density, https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group or from low amounts of resources, or from both Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low – productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country's extremely high level of poverty Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per square km Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity As a consequence, these nations are very poor The United Slates has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world's wealthiest nations High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries Children are assets to many poor families because the provide labor, usually for farming Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so For all these reasons, developing countries lend to have high rates of population growth Question 1: Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1? A Overpopulation B Population density C Simple farming D Poverty Question 2: According to the passage, what will suffer when there are excessively high population densities? A Available resources B Skilled labor C Farming methods D Land area Question 3: The phrase "that number" in paragraph refers to the number of _ A people B densities C resources D countries Question 4: It can be inferred from the passage that In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because _ A there is a lack of mechanization B there are small numbers of laborers C there is on abundance of resources D there is no shortage of skilled labor Question 5: According to the passage, Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on A its population density only B both population density and agricultural productivity C population density in metropolitan areas D its high agricultural productivity Question 6: The word “infertile” in paragraph probably means _ A disused B impossible C unproductive D inaccessible Question 7: Which of the following contributors to overpopulation in many developing countries is TRUE according to the passage? A High-tech facilities B Economic resources C Sufficient financial support D High birth rate https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group Question 8: Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A High Birth Rate and its Consequences B Overpopulation: A Cause of Poverty C Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem D Poverty in Developing Countries https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net ... /TRUE according to the passage? https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group All of the followings are bees' main sources of food EXCEPT => Cách làm: Khi g p câu h i đ c tìm chi ti t, th c hi... t cho xem có h p lý khơng Víăd 7: https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ơn Thi Group “Marriage nowadays is a choice people make on their own, but this has not always been the case in society Thousands... thông tin + Ng i đ c ph i hi u k n i dung c a đ c + Ng i đ c ph i hi u c nh ng ý sâu xa => Cách làm: câu h i làm cu i, sau hi u ý t ng chung c a tồn s d dàng tìm đ c câu tr l i III Các t p áp d ng