Vi vay, Cdng ty Van tai Bien Odng thay rang cac hiep hdi van tai biln vdi su ho trp ciia Phong Thuong mai va Cdng nghiep Viet Nam can kiem tra, danh gia lai thuc trang nganh Van tai [r]
(1)DIEN OAN 1= h a t t r i e n
Cdng ty Van tai Bien Ddng la doanh nghiep Nha nude, vien true thuoc Tap doan Cdng nghiep tau thuy Viet Nam (VINASHIN), kinh doanh chu yeu tren Unh vuc van tai bien va mot so tinh vuc dich vu, thuong mai khac
Nhimg nam qua, dpi tau ciia Cdng ty da cd bude phat trien nhanh chdng va dat ket qua kha quan ve san xuat kinh doanh: tdng doanh thu nam 2008 dat 2.802 ty VND Den nay, Cdng ty Van tai Bien Ddng dang sd hiru va khai thac 11 tau container, dung tich tren 9.300 TEU, tudi binh quan la tudi; dpi tau chd dau pham gdm 02 tau cd MR size, tdng trpng tai gan 100.000 DWT va dpi tau hang rdi - hang bach hda ciia Viship - vien ciia Cong ty, gom 04 tau, tdng trpng tai xap xi 150.000 DWT Cac dpi tau ciia Cdng ty hoat ddng tuong ddi on dinh, khai thac hieu qua LTnh vuc khai thac tau container ciia Cdng ty Van tai Bien Ddng dii kha nang canh tranh vdi cac hang tau khu vuc chau A
Tuy nhien, Xu eudi nam 2007, vdi nhi/ng dau hieu dau tien ciia cude khiing hoang tai chinh the gidi vdi hien tupng gia nhien lieu tang lien tuc, hon nam qua nen kinh te toan cau phai trai qua thdi ky khd khan, nhieu bien ddng bat thudng Nganh Van tai bien va ngoai nude, dd ed Cdng ty Van tai Bien Ddng, da gap rat nhieu khd khan Cu the nhu:
Gia cude van tai giam
Gia cude van tai container den het quy 1/2009 da giam 30 - 50% so vdi eiing ky nam trudc, tiiy tuyen van tai Dac biet gia cude van tai tir Viet Nam di cac cang chinh d chau Au giam xudng edn 30% so vdi dau nam 2008 Nhimg hang Idn nhat nhu Maersk Lines, NOL-AP, cung da phai cho dung mdt sd tau vi lupng hang hda giam va thu khdng dii bii dap ehi phi Chi tinh rieng khu vuc chau A den eudi quy 1/2009 da cd gan 500 tau container da phai chd cho thue thdi gian dai, tham ehi cd nhimg tau da nam chd 3-4 thang, Mdt sd ehii tau container ciia Viet Nam cd tau cho thue hoac mdi dau tu du djnh cho thue, den tau bj tra ve hoac khdng cho thue dupe, da phai dua tau vao khai thac tuyen ndi dia dan den gia cude van tai container ndi dja giam siit nhanh chdng
Gia cude tau chd dau cung giam kha kha, nhat la ti/ eudi thang 3/2009 den nay, gia cude giam 20-30% so vdi eudi nam 2008 va giam 30-40% so vdi gii/a 2008, theo tuyen van chuyen, loai tau, Tham chi tren the gidi giai phap su dung tau sieu Idn (VLGC) lam kho ndi
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chi/a dau da bat dau tang len dang ke Dac biet thj trudng tau chd hang rdi, hang bach hda da giam siit ngoai suy doan Gia cude, gia thue tau giam 60 -95% tiiy theo tuyen van chuyen, loai tau, tudi tau Thdi diem nay, hau het cac tau hang rdi d tat ca cac khu vuc deu phai nam chd hang, Trong chi each day nira nam, cd nhung tau tren dudi 30 tudi van dupe dua vao khai thac, thi den cd nhiing tau mdi chi han 20 tuoi da dupe dua vao ke hoach pha dd,
Nhu cau van tai va gia cude van tai giam dupe phan anh rd net thdng qua gia thue tau djnh han (time charter), Gia thue tau phu thupc loai tau, tudi tau, tinh nang ciia tau, tuyen hoat ddng va thdi han thue,
Lvonjg tau ddng mdi duoc ban giao cuoi 2008 va 2009 tang cao
May nam qua, san lupng hang hda van chuyen hang nam tang cao giao djch thuong mai gii/a Trung Qude va mdt sd nude dang phat trien vdi chau Au va My tang eao, dan den cac dan hang dat ddng mdi tau tang chdng mat ti/ 2006 Den dau 2007, tat ca cac xudng ddng tau d Nhat Ban, Han Qude, Trung Qude va ca Viet Nam deu chat cimg don hang den
tan 2011, 2012
Hang loat don hang ddng tau contain-er sieu Idn 10.000-12.000 TEU, tham chi 15.300 TEU da dupe dat Cac tau hang rdi, tau chd dau ed Handysize, Handymax, Panamax, Aframax, Gapesize, bit dau dupe ddng vdi so lupng cue Idn Tuy nhien, ti/ eudi 2007, cd eac dau hieu ciia khiing hoang tai chinh, dac biet ti/ giua nam 2008 trd lai day, suy thoai kinh te dien tram trpng da dan den nhimg tdn that nang ne eiia nganh Van tai bien Hang loat hpp ddng ddng mdi tau bj hiiy bd, ke ea nhieu dan hang da dupe dat epe, eac chii tau, nha dau tu khdng the huy dong dupe vdn va e ngai tuang lai kinh te am dam nhiJng nam tdi Mac dii vay, da co mdt lupng tau dang ke da dupe giao 2008 va sd lupng Idn hon nhieu eung se dupe giao 2009-Day la si/c ep Idn cho nganh Van tai bien nhimg nam tdi
Chi tinh rieng tau hang rdi, hien tdng trpng tai dat ddng mdi da len den 280 trieu DWT: quy IV/2008, cac nha may tren the gidi ban giao khoang 10,5 trieu DWT va nam 2009-2010, mdi nam se cd khoang 100 tneu DWT tau dupe giao, tang gap Ian nam 2008,
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mor 5D ;^]=ij mui I S Bill QU6C ANH Tdng giam ddc Cdng ty Van tai Bien Ddng Vdi tau chd dau, 2008, trpng tai
dpi tau tren the gidi tang them gan trieu DWT cho loai tau chd dau thd va khoang trieu DWT tau chd dau san pham, du kiln 2009 se ed khoang 37 trieu DWT tau ea hai loai dupe giao cho chii dau tu
Ddi tau container the gidi dang khai thac vdi dung tich khoang 12 trieu TEU, nhung don hang dat ddng mdi da len tdi 6,23 trieu TEU, tang khoang 52%; rieng 2009 du kiln se giao sd lupng tau, khoang 1,8 trieu TEU
Vdi su gia tang eiia dpi tau cac loai, cdng vdi cau van chuyin dang giam manh tren toan cau thdi gian qua, ed the thay khd khan van edn hien hihj trudc mat nganh Van tai bien
Gia tau giam nhanh chdng
Thdng thudng, gia tau biln ludn dao ddng theo ehu ky hinh sin khoang 5-7 nam, va theo ehilu hudng di len gia vat tu va nhan edng cang tang cao Dinh diem gia tau d eudi 2007 dau 2008 da dat mi/c ky luc chua timg cd, dac biet tau hang rdi Song, ti/ thang 8/2008 din gia tau lai rdt tham hai, Gia tau cu chd container va chd dau tir thang 8/2008 din giam 40-50% tiiy cd tau
va tudi tau, Gia tau ddng mdi vi/a dupe giao hoac chuan bi giao va dupe ban lai du an so vdi dau 2008 ciing giam khoang tren dud 40%,
Cung cd nhiJmg y kiln cho rang, day la thdi diem thuan Ipi de phat trien dpi tau vi gia tau da xudng san, nhung dieu thuc t l cung dang rat khd khan ca vdi eac nha dau tu cd thuc luc v l vdn -Trong phan Idn cac chii tau Viet Nam diu khdng ed tilm luc manh v l tai chinh Xet v l mat gia tri, tdng dpi tau cua nganh Van tai biln Viet Nam vao dau 2008 dat 5,5 ty USD, nhung neu phai ban di thdi dilm hien chac ehan chi thu v l khoang 2,5 ty USD Vi vay ed the khang djnh, thi trudng mua ban tau di xudng hien la thaeh thi/c chi/ khdng phai la thuan Ipi ddi vdi nganh Van tai bien Viet Nam
Lai suat vay ngan hang qua cao
Suy thoai kinh t l the gidi da anh khdng nhd den su phat tnin ciia nin kinh t l Viet Nam va thuc su dang la thaeh thi/c Idn ddi vdi kinh t l dat nude Ti/ eudi quy 1/2008 cac ngan hang ddng loat tang lai suat cho vay, anh huong true tilp din hoat ddng san xuat kinh doanh ciia cac doanh nghiep Nha nude va tu nhan, nhat
la cac doanh nghiep cd nhieu du an dau tu Cdng ty Van tai Bien Odng vcn dac thu la khai thac van tai bien tren cac tuyin qude t l , cung da bi anh hudng ta/c tilp tu su khiing hoang tai chinh va suy thoai kinh t l Ti/ quy IV/2008 eac ngan hang da cd dong thai giam lai suat dan dan, nhung viec cho vay lai khd khan hon "dau vao" ciia cac ngan hang van d mi/c cao Thue t l , gan nam qua, viec tra gdc va lai cho cac ngan hang la ganh nang vdi cac chii tau Qua tham khao nhieu cong ty deu thay rang lai suat ngan hang la khd khan co ban va quan trpng nhat ddi vdi eac doanh nghiep
Sang nam 2009, Chinh phii triln khai gdi kich cau ty USD, nhung phan Idn cac dau tu phat trien dpi tau biln la dau tu dai han, vay nen phan tra gdc va lai vay dai han vdi ty suat cao cho cac td chirc tai chinh van la "ganh nang chinh" ciia cac doanh nghiep van tai biln
Mdt SO kien nghj
Tir nhimg phan tich tren, Cong ty Van tai Biln Odng danh gia thi trudng van tai bien ciia Viet Nam ndi rieng, ciia toan cau ndi chung dang d thdi ky vd ciing khd khan
Giai phap ban tau d l giam khd khan khong nen thuc hien vi dilu chi lam giam tai trpng dpi tau biln, tdn that cao v l mat tai chinh, ma quan trpng hon la nganh Van tai biln Viet Nam se phai mat nhieu nam mdi ed thi hdi phuc dupe,
Vi vay, Cdng ty Van tai Bien Odng thay rang cac hiep hdi van tai biln vdi su ho trp ciia Phong Thuong mai va Cdng nghiep Viet Nam can kiem tra, danh gia lai thuc trang nganh Van tai bien va kiln nghj vdi Chinh phii, Ngan hang Nha nude Viet Nam va cac co quan, ban nganh lien quan d l xem xet ban hanh khan cap co chi dac biet cho cac doanh nghiep van tai biln Viet Nam:
- Gian np, tam dimg phai tra np gdc tdi thilu nam, it nhat cung khoanh vung ddi vdi nhimg du an mua tau, ddng tau nam 2007 va 2008
- Xet duyet dua vao dien dupe hd trp giam mi/c lai vay ngan hang thdng qua gdi kich cau ciia Chinh phu vdi nganh Van tai bien, ddng thdi tang han mi/c vay vdn luu ddng nam 2009,
- Xem xet them eac bien phap d l nganh Van tai bien giam chi phi nhu mien thul VAT, thul nhap khau vdi cac du an ddng tau, nhap khau tau tu nam 2007 din nay, hoan thul nhap khau vcn nhien lieu phuc vu nganh Van tai bien •