De ngan chan, han che nhiing hoa chat ddc hai cd trong thiic pham, ngUPi san xuat can sii dung thay the cac phu gia thiic pham cd tac dung tUPng tU dUpc phep sit dung (do Bd Y te quy[r]
(1)KHOA HOC Bin SONG
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ttamsacnV:
N h a n dan ta co cau "doi gio cha, lo ba Tet", dung nhU vay cd moi dip Tet den, n h u cau tieu dung thiic pham ciia ngUdi dan tang n h a n h va di lien vdi la noi lo ve ve sinh an toan thiic pham Nguy cd xay ngo doc thiic p h a m vao dip Tet r a t cao ngUdi tieu dimg hien thUdng quan t a m nhieu den viec Ilia chgn thiic pham, ngudn gd^c thiic p h a m nhUng lai thieu di mgt yeu to' quan trgng khong kem, chinh la viec che bien sach va bao quan thiic p h a m an toan Cue Ve sinh an toan thiic p h a m (Bg Y te) viia dUa khuyen cao "thiic p h a m bao quan tii lanh ciing n h u da n a u chin van co the trd t h a n h nguy hai neu khong dUdc giii ve sinh va bao quan dung each" Chi cue ATVSTP xin dUa mgt sd lu u y giup ngUdi tieu diing che bien va bao quan thiic pham an toan:
l G i u f v e s i n h
Riia tay trUdc tiep xiic vdi thiic pham va thudng xuyen giii sach tay qua trinh chebien thiic pham Riia tay sau di ve sinh
Cg r d a va lam ve sinh toan bg be m a t tiep xuc va dung cu sii dung cho che bien thUc pham
Bao dam khu che bien thiic pham va thiic pham khong bi triing, sau bg, sue vat va cac loai dgng vat khac xam pham
Chii y ve sinh ca n h a n (cat n g i n mong tay, riia tay sach bang xa phong va nUdc sach trUdc an, che bien, )
Nhiing vi sinh vat nguy hiem thUdng co m a t rgng k h i p tren dat, nU6c, d dgng vat va ngUdi Nhiing vi sinh vat dUdc truyen qua tay ngUdi, k h a n lau va cac dung cu nau an (nhat la d thdt), chi can mgt sii tiep xuc thoang qua ciing giiip chiing lay sang thilc pham va gay benh
2 D e r i e n g b i e t thiic p h a m s o n g v a c h i n
De rieng cac loai thit tUdi so'ng, thit gia cam va hai san vdi cac loai thiic p h a m khac
Diing cac thiet bi va dung cu rieng cho
thiic pham so'ng va thUc p h a m chin, dao va thdt chebien thiic p h a m tUdi sd'ng
Bao quan thiic p h a m sd'ng va chin cac dung cu chda diing rieng biet
Thiic pham tUdi sdng, dac biet la thit tUdi, thit gia cam, hai san va nUdc chay r a tii cac loai thit va hai san co the chda cac vi sinh vat nguy hai Nhiing vi sinh vat cdn co the truyen sang cac loai thiic p h a m khac qua trinh chebien va bao quan
3 N a u c h i n
Nau chin ky thiic pham, neu chUa sii dung thi can bao quan tii kinh hoac day ky, dac biet la thit, thit gia cam, triing va hai san Cac thiic an nhU canh, cac mdn h a m can dUdc dun nong de dam bao dat den nhiet 70°C Nau chin ky thdc an co the diet dUdc h a u het cac vi sinh vat nguy hiem Cac nghien cdu cho thay, thdc an n a u den nhiet 70°C la dii an toan de tieu thu Vdi cac loai thdc a n nhU thit xay, thit nUdng, thit t a n g ldn va gia c i m de nguyen con, can lUu y che bien chin hdn
4 B a o q u a n t h i i c p h a m d n h i e t a n t o a n
Khong de thdc a n da n a u chin hdn gid d nhiet thudng phong N h a n h chong bao quan lanh cac thdc an da che bien va thdc an de oi thiu (tot n h a t la d nhiet dudi S'C) Ham nong thiic pham da che bien den nhiet tren 60°C trUdc an
Khong giii thdc a n qua lau, ke ca d tii lanh Khong lam t a n thiic p h a m dong l a n h d nhiet thudng Ne'u thdc a n dUdc bao q u a n d nhiet thong thUdng phong, vi sinh vat CO the sinh sdi nd r a t n h a n h Khi giii d nhiet du6i 5°C hoac t r e n 6°C, sii p h a t trien ciia mot so'vi sinh vat cd the cham di hoac diing lai
5 Suf d u n g niidc s a c h t r o n g c h e b i e n
Sii dung nUdc sach hoac xd ly nUdc de dam bao an toan
Nguyen lieu tUdi, bao gdm ca nUdc va da, CO the bi lay nhiem cae hoa chat va vi sinh vat cr-nguy hiem Cac chat doc hai c6 the dUdc h i n h
(2)KHOA HOC DCn SONG
t h a n h thiic p h a m md'c hoac hdng • Khong nen m u a nhieu thiic p h a m dil trii nhiing tet, vi viec bao quan thiic pham chi giup b a n che sii p h a t trien ciia vi sinh vat, thdi gian dai kho co the dam bao chat lUdng ve sinh
Tet la khoang thdi gian de thU gian, vui chdi va sum hgp gia dinh Chung toi mong
muo'n chia se mot so' thong tin can thiet ve ve sinh a n toan thiic pham, de mgi ngUdi phong t r a n h ngo doc thiic p h a m cung nhU t r a n h cac benh lay truyen qua thiic pham giup bao ve sdc khde ban t h a n va gia dinh nhiing Tet cd truyen dan tgc
P h a m V a n T h a n h
Chi cue Ve sinh ATTP
TQC hoi cuQ hon the cFoi voi sue khoe
VQ tinh su dyng hon the mot so'thuc pham tren djo bon tinh
Han the la mot chat hoa hoc co ten khoa hoc la Natri tetraborat (cong thdc hoa hoc la Na2B4O7.10H2O), day la chat khong mau, d l tan nUdc, co tinh sat khuan nhe, co tac dung keo dai thdi gian bao quan va giiip cho thiic pham gion, dai hdn nen thudng bi ldi dung cho them vao chebien cac loai thiic pham nhU: gio, cha, biin, cac loai banh giiip chiing ta an co cam giac ngon mieng hdn
Tuy nhien, han the co tinh dpc, ngUdi 16n neu tich tu mot lUdng han the khoang 15 gam, tre em gam se bi non mau; vdi ham lUdng tii 3-5 gam mot se gay rdi loan tieu hoa, chan an, an khong ngon, ngUdi met moi, kho chiu, kha nang lam viec siit giam; vdi ham lUdng tren gam moi se gay suy dinh dUdng, cham phat trien, giam tri nh6 Khi vao cd the, ngoai v6i lieu liidng du 16n gay ngo dpc cap tinh, han the rat kho bi dao thai gay ngp dpc man tinh tich tu lai d gan, than, phoi, da day, va den mpt lupng nhat dinh lam cd the ngUPi suy nhUpc, gay ton thUPng gan than, thoai hoa cd quan sinh due dan den vo sinh, va la mpt nhiing tac nhan gay ung thU Dac biet do'i vdi phu nii co thai, han the dUpc dao thai qua siia va rau thai, gay dpc hai cho thai nhi, tham chi co the gay chet lUu thai Theo nghien ciiu, mpt lupng han the nhd an vao, cd the chi dao thai dUpc 80%, phan lai se tich t u vinh vien cd the Chinh vi vay, sii dung it ban the nhieu ciing nguy hiem nhU sii dung nhieu ban the mpt lan
Tii nam 1998, Bp Y te Viet Nam da loai han the khoi danh muc chat phu gia thiic
pham dupc phep sii dung che bien thiic pham Tren thiic te, thoi quen, trinh dp nhan thiic ban che, kem hieu biet va vi Ipi nhuan, nhieu ngUPi dan van thUdng xuyen sii dung han the cho cac san pham nhU: gio, cha, banh truyen thong Theo ke't qua giam sat moi nguy gay nhiem thiic pham Chi cue An toan ve sinh thiic pham tinh HUng Yen tie'n hanh nam 2010, 71 m i u gio, cha dUpc lay tren dia ban tinh de kiem tra phat hien han the co tdi 24 mau dUPng tinh (chie'm ty le 42 %); 92 m i u banh truyen thd'ng nhU: banh te, banh diic ca meu chiia ban the (chiom ty le 10%o) Qua ke't qua dd cho tha'y, ti le thiic pham cd han the la rat cao, dac biet la mdt so'thiic pham dUpc ngudi tieu dung Ua chudng sii dung hang
Hien nay, cac nha khoa hpc ciia Vien Khoa hpc va Cdng nghe Viet Nam da san xua't dUdc loai phu gia thiic pham la Polymer sinh hpc (PDP) tii nguyen lieu tii nhien nhu vd tdm, cua, mai miic cd the thay the han the san xuat, che bien thiic pham De ngan chan, han che nhiing hoa chat ddc hai cd thiic pham, ngUPi san xuat can sii dung thay the cac phu gia thiic pham cd tac dung tUPng tU dUpc phep sit dung (do Bd Y te quy dinh), ngUdi tieu diing can nang cao hieu biet, ludn ndi "khdng" vdi thiic pham cd han the, thiic pham khdng rd nguon gd'e Tang cUdng cac bien phap tuyen truyen qua cac phUdng tien thdng tin dai chiing ve tac hai ciia h a n the, n h i m thay ddi hanh vi, y thdc trach nhiem cua ngUdi che bien, kinh doanh thUcpham./