NAM AN, NAM Daoc LIEU TRONG PHONG CHONG KHOI U, UNG THU VA CHONG LAO HOA NGUYfiN THI CHINH, LY NGOC OANH Bo mdn Vi Sinh, Khoa Sinh hgc, Dai hgc Khoa hgc ti( nhien, DHQG HN PHAM THUY LINH JONG PYUNG KIM, YOUNG HEE KIM, SUNG MIN CHO Vien nghien cihi Sinh hgc vd Cong nghe Sinh hgc Han Qud'c Met dau Theo to chiic Y te' the gidi hgp gan day thdng bao d Hdi nghi phdng chd'ng ung thu thi d nude ta mdi nam cd tir 100.000 - 150.000 ngudi bi ung thu, so dd 70.000 ngudi chet Cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam Cling nhu the' gidi da va dang khdng ngirng tim kiem, nghien ciiii cac boat cha't cd kha nang phdng chd'ng khdi u, ung thu Da cd hang nghin edng trinh nghien ciiu cdng bd ve kha nang tuyet vdi ciia mot so loai nam an, nam dugc lieu, dd kha nang chd'ng u ciia nam Linh chi (Ganoderma lucidum) la gan 100% San pham Sinh khdi nam Linh chi (Ganoderma lucidum) PGS.TS Nguyln Thi Chinh san xuat tir sgi nfci da thir nghiem tren Sarcoma 180 d chudt ciing ebo thay ket qua chd'ng u dat 87,06% (Nguyen Thi Quy va cac cdng su, 2004) Kha nang chd'ng u ciia mot so loai nam khae nhu: nam dau (Hericium erinaceus) la 63-74%, Mesima, thud'c chd'ng ung thu ndi tie'ng ciia Han Qud'c san xuat tir sgi nam Phellinus linteus hieu qua chd'ng ung thu dat 96,7%, copolang, thud'c chd'ng ung thu tir nam van chi (Coriolus versicolor) la 77,5%, thud'c lentinan tir nam huang (Letinula edodes) la 80,5% (Theo ket qua nghien ciiu ciia Trung tam nghien ciiu chd'ng ung thu Nhat Ban 1997, va nhieu tac gia khac) Dae biet na'm blip (Agaricus blazei) dugc coi la loai na'm dinh dudng sieu cao, la loai thuc pham cao cap, lOOg nam khd cd tdi 43,19g protein vdi d£y dii cac 798 phan axil amin, cac vitamin va khoang chat Miic lie che khdi u tren chudt dat 70-99% (Le Xuan Tham va cdng su, 2003) Ngoai nam blip cd tac dung ngan ngira xa eiing ddng mach, chd'ng: teo ca, viem loet hanh ta trang, loet da day, tao bdn va benh trL Hoat tinh sinh hgc ciia Linh chi va cac loai na'm khae la rat da dang bdi nd chiia nhieu chat hoa hgc khac nhu alkaloid, aminoaxit, cac chudi peptit, cac nguyen to vd ca, steroid, chat beo va cac axit hOn ca Cac hgp cha't cao phan tir nhu triterpen, polysaccharit va adenosin, 150 triterpen va ban 50 polysaccharit da dugc tach va biet tdi Cac hoat chat ke't hgp vdi thi dugc tinh cung khac Kha nang antioxidant ciia nhieu loai nam an va nam dugc lieu ciing dugc nhieu tac gia nghien ciiu (Nam Hee Yoo va cdng su, 2005), (Jin Yoo Kim va cdng su, 2005) Khu dugc gde oxy tu la ngan ngiia dugc su phat sinh benh, chd'ng lao boa, chd'ng u va chd'ng ung thu (cd nghia la khdng cho nd tac ddng tdi cau true gen, lam thay ddi ban chat gen) Kha nang khii superoxide ciia boat cha't sterin C tach tir sgi nam Stereum hirsutum la 58% d ndng 100p,g/ml (Jong-Pyung Kim, Nguyen Thi Chinh, va cac cdng su, 2005) Vi vay, chiing tdi tie'n hanh xac dinh kha nang khir gde oxy tu eua na'm blip (Agaricus blazei) va nam Linh chi (Ganoderma lucidum) (San pham Sinh khdi nam Linh chi) PGS.TS Nguyen Thi Chinh san xuat, nham ling dung phdng chd'ng khdi u, ung thu va chd'ng lao boa Nguyen lieu va phudng phap * Vi sinh vat sii dung Nam blip Agaricus blazei Murrill ngudn gde Cdng hod Sec Linh chi Ganoderma lucidum (Curt) Karsten ngudn gd'c Trung Qud'c vd Viet Nam Bdt sinh khdi na'm Linh chi (Sinh Linh) Hai chiing nam PGS.TS Nguyen Thi Chinh san xuat va cung cajp * Phuang phdp nghien ciiu Xac dinh hoat tinh khir gd'c oxy tu theo phuang phap ABTS (Radical scavenging activity) Kha nang khir gd'c oxy dugc tinh theo cdng thiic: Mau A eua ddi chirng - mau A thi nghiem xlOO Mau A ddi chiing - 0,044 799 Thuc hien tai phdng thi nghiem chuan qud'c gia ve antioxidant tai Vien nghien ciiu Khoa hgc sinh hgc va Cdng nghe sinh hgc Han Qud'c - Dich nam dugc tach chiet bdi mot sd dung mdi qua nbi^u budc rdi cd chan khdng Cho mSu vao cac gieng, mSu chu^n (ddi chiing) va mau thi nghiem rdi cho thud'c thir ABTS Ne'u thay mSu thi nghiem xuat hien mau vang la cd kha nang antioxidant So mau d budc sdng 734 nm thai gian phiit cd ke't qua doc tren may Ket qua nghien ciiru Agaricus blazei va Ganoderma lucidum la hai loai na'm da dugc nhieu nha khoa hgc tren the' gidi khang dinh la cd kha nang chd'ng u, ung thu cao dat 90 - 99% Hai loai nam da dugc nudi d Viet Nam dudi dang qua the (nam blip) va dang sinh khdi sgi (nam Linh chi) Cac loai nam da dugc tach chiet va cd dac lai rdi thir kha nang antioxidant eua chiing tai Phdng thi nghiem chuan qud'c te' antioxidant Han Qud'c Ke't qua dugc the hien d bang va hinh sau: Kha nang antioxidant eua nam bup Agaricus blazei theo phuang phap thir ABTS ket qua the hien d bangl, hinh Bang Kha nang antioxidant ciia nam blip (A garicus blazei) MSu BHA Trolor 0.173 1.73 17.3 173 % lire che 88.2 88.8 5.2 10.6 33.1 87.9 Chii thich: BHA va Trolor la mSu chuan 100 -1 9080- >(i) 70 - n KO - >D B^ 40- () () 60302010- p^ n • BHA Trolor 0.173 1.73 17.3 173 (lig/ml) Hinh Khd ndng antioxidant ciia nam blip (Agaricus blazei) 800 Kha nang antioxiaant ciia nam Linh chi Ganoderma lucidum (dang sgi) theo phuang phap thir ABTS, ket qua the hien d bang 2, hinh Bang Kha nang antioxidant ciia hot sinh khdi nam Linh chi (G lucidum) Mau BHA Trolor 0.216 2.16 21.6 216 % Uc ch6' 88.2 88.8 4.6 20.4 51.9 Chii thich: BHA va Trolor la mSu chu£n 100 90 8070- o o o 60 50 40 30 H 20 10H ft BHA Trolor 0.216 2,16 21.6 216 (itg/ml) Hinh Khd ndng antioxidant eua sinh klid'i nam Linh chi (G lucidum) fir ~ai.*'~f a ' ' " ' \ 'v* Hinh Hinh thdi qua the nam bup 801 Hinh Hinh thdi qua the nam Linh chi Ke't qua nghien ciiu d tren cho thay hai loai nam cd kha nang antioxidant kha cao, vdi kha nang cho thay neu sir dung hai loai na'm se ngan ngira dugc benh, chd'ng lao boa va dac biet ngan ngira dugc su tao khdi u, chd'ng dot bie'n gen, ehdng ung thu la nam da lam mat gd'c oxy tu (Oj), mat nhdm ("OH) Gde hydroxyl ("OH) doe ddi vdi ADN, gd'c ('OH) cd the tac dung den thynin qua mot loat phan irng tao thynin glycol, hoac nd tac ddng vao adenin guanin tao nhiing chat khae gay ddc gen, lam thay ddi cau triic gen dan den tao khdi u va ung thu Vi vay ne'u khir dugc gde O2 va -OH la ngan ngira dugc khdi u, ung thu va chd'ng nhieu benh khac IV Ket luan Qua ke't qua tren cho thay so vdi cac mlu chuan Da xac dinh dugc nam blip Agaricus blazei cd kha nang antioxidant dat 87,9% vdi lieu 173 ng/ml Nam Linh chi Ganoderma lucidum tir sgi nam cd kha nang antioxidant dat 51,9% vdi lieu sir dung 216 ^ig/ml 802 :) rsam Dup, nam Linti cm co tac dung phdng chd'ng khdi u, ung thu va chdng lao hoa Tai lieu tham khao Chang Shu Ting Ganoderma lucidum - A leader of edible & medical mushrooms, a prominent source for heath care market in 21" century Pages 22-24 International Agriculture Trade (2004) Nam-Hee Yoo, Ick-Dong Yoo, Jin-Woo Kim, Bong-Sik Yun, InJa Ryoo, Eui-Soo Yoon, Nguyen Thi Chinh and Jong-Pyung Kim Sterin C, a New Antioxidant from the Mycelial Culture of the Mushroom Stereum hirsutum Agrie Chem Bitechnol 48(1), 38 - 41 (2005) Jin-Woo Kim, Byung-Sik Moon, Young-Min Park, Nam-Hee Yoo, In-Ja Ryoo, Nguyen Thi Chinh, Ick-Dong Yoo and Jong-Pyung Kim Structures and Antioxidant Activity of Diketopiperazines Isolated from the Mushroom Sarcodon aspratus J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem 48(1), 93 - 97 (2005) Fujimiya Y, Suzuki Y, Katakura R, Ebina T Tumor-specific cytocidal and unmunopotentiating effects of relatively low molecular weight products derived from the basidiomycete Agaricus blazei Murill Anticancer Res 1999; 19: 119-128 [PubMed] Kim, H M., B Han, G T Oh, Y H Kim, D H Hong, N D Hong, and I D Yoo 1996 Stimulation of Humoral and Cell Mediated Immunity by Polysaccharide Mushroom Phellinus linteus Int J Immunopharmac 18 (5): 295-303 The prolonged life of A system mice implanted abdominal dropsy of Erlieh carcinoma in animal tests and ICR mine implanted Sarcoma 180 solidfied cancer, and the growing suppression for Sarcoma 180 cancer Kim, J P, Lee, K.Y., Yoo, H J and Yang, H K 1997 Immunoregulatory Effect of Mesima as an Immunotherapeutic Agent inStage HI Gastic Cancer Patients after Radical Gastrectomy J of Korean Cancer Association 29(3) Mesima 803 shows immunostimulation and anticancer affect by antivation of M (|), T cell, B cell, NK cell Complement system and Cytokine production Mesima also have no side effect when it is administrated long-termly Takaku T, Kimura Y, Okuda H Isolation of an anthumor compound from Agaricus blazei Murill and its mechanism of action J Nutr 2001; 131: 1409-1431 [PubMed] [Free Full Text] Ito H, Shimura K, Itoh H, Kawade M Antitumor effects of a new polysaccharide-protein complex (ATOM) prepare from Agaricus blazei (Iwade Strain 101) 'Himematsutake' and its mechanisms in tumor-bearing mice Anticancer Res 1997; 17: 277-284 [PubMed] Le Xuan Tham, Truong Binh Nguyen (2003) Bd sung vao nhdm nam chd'ng ung thu d Viet Nam mot loai rat hie'm: nam bup (Agaricus blazei Murrill) http: //www vnbio org 804 ... chd'ng lao boa Nguyen lieu va phudng phap * Vi sinh vat sii dung Nam blip Agaricus blazei Murrill ngudn gde Cdng hod Sec Linh chi Ganoderma lucidum (Curt) Karsten ngudn gd'c Trung Qud'c vd Viet Nam... vay ne 'u khir dugc gde O2 va -OH la ngan ngira dugc khdi u, ung thu va chd'ng nhieu benh khac IV Ket luan Qua ke't qua tren cho thay so vdi cac mlu chuan Da xac dinh dugc nam blip Agaricus blazei... Han Qud'c - Dich nam dugc tach chiet bdi mot sd dung mdi qua nbi ^u budc rdi cd chan khdng Cho mSu vao cac gieng, mSu chu^n (ddi chiing) va mau thi nghiem rdi cho thud'c thir ABTS Ne 'u thay mSu thi