Sử dụng phương pháp trắc nghiệm khách quan nhiều lựa chọn về môn thiên văn học đại cương để kiểm tra đánh giá kiến thức kỹ năng sinh viên sư phạm

sCr DUNG PHl/ONG PHAP TRAC NGHIEM KHACH QUAN NHIEU Ll/A CHpN VE MON THIEN V A N HOC DAI Cl/ONG DE KIEM TRA DANH GIA KIEN THCTC KY N A N G S I N H V I E N SI/ PHAM Trinh Thi Thoa Khoa Vat ly Truing DHSP - DHQG Ha Noi Muc tieu nghien cihi phuotig phap tr^c nghiem Ddi vdi qua tnnh day hge, kidm tra dinh gii kd't qua hgc tip nam qui trinh dao tao eon ngudi mdi theo muc dich giao due Vi viy no eo tic diing chi dao viec hge ciia ngudi hge va viec day ciia giao vien Do diing vide dinh gii dd hudng viec day va hgc theo nhung muc tieu dao tao xae dinh Kidm tra dinh gia la dgng luc thiic day ngudi hge, cd tie dung de ngudi hge nhin kha ning nam kie'n thu'c ciia hg, nham phin loai sang Igc, kidm tra dinh gii dd dinh hudng thiic d^y manh me boat ddng day hgc Kidm tra dinh gii ket qua hgc tip ciia ngudi hge nham xae dinh nhu ciu hgc tip cua ngudi hge, lam ebo ngudi hge bie't kha nang ciia minh so vdi yeu ciu chung ciia viec hgc tip Mat khae eiing la can eU dd dinh gii giao vidn vd mat ning luc giang day Scan thao he thong cau hoi trac nghiem khach quan nhieu lua chon (MCQ) / Mifc tieu giang day Thien van Dai cuang Day mdn thidn vin nha trudng gdp phin chUng minh rang: thuyet chii nghla vit Ijeh sir la diing, vi no phat sinh tren eo so nhu ciu ciia xa hdi loai ngudi Chi ebo ngudi hgc thiy rang vu tru khdng phai trdi sinh ma tdn tai cd quy luit, va ngudi cd thd nam bit duge quy luit dd Tao ebo ngudi hgc quan nidm the' gidi tdn tai khach quan va c6 quy luit tu nhien Ngudi hge khdng chi bie't cd cdng thUe, cich tinh ma eon phai hidu tai phai diing cdng thUc dd, muc dieh eiia phep tinh la gi, tai phai dd cip de'n hgc ehuong nay, mdi lidn quan giua eac phin hgc sao, va vai trd cua no khoa hgc, ddi sd'ng nhu the' nao? Tom lai: Sau kbi hgc xong mdn Thidn vin Dai cudng ngudi phai phai: - Nam dugc eac kie'n thue long quit vd vQ tru, nam duge nhung kie'n thiic Thien vin CO ban nhit bid'n nhi't de lam cdng tic giang day b ph6 thdng, c6 kha ning tuyen truydn giai thich gdp phin bai trU md tin di doan - Hidu dugc nhiing hidn tugng Thidn van, nhung cdng cu toan hgc, nhung dinh luit vi phuong phap vat ly, nghidn c\ui cie vin dd cu thd, gdp phin eung cd kie'n thiic toin, ly da hgc 168 Ngi dung giang day Thien van: He't lai dem, ban cd mat trdi, ban dem cd trang sao, nhung hidn tugng mu6n hinh mu5n ve biu trdi da kich thich de to md va tri tudng tugng cua ngudi Vu tru ciu tao nhu the' nao Quy luit vin dgng va ban chit cua eac thien thd Co md'i lien he gi giira biu trdi va trai dit Tinh hinh kiem tra tvttruac den TCr trudc de'n viec kidm tra dinh gia ket qua hgc tip cua ngudi hgc vd mdn Thien van hgc dai cuong theo kieu e6 truydn Ra de kidm tra theo kieu tU luin, dd ke't qua kiem tra chua dugc chinh xae va khach quan - Kidm tra dinh gii dan din mi't tie dung vi khdng thiic day ngUdi hge de hgc tip - Viec quay cop ciia ngudi hgc mot gia ting Dd cai tie'n phuong phap giang day, ning cao chit lugng kie'n thirc nhin duge ciia ngudi hgc mot cich chinh xae khach quan, trinh sir quay cop thi eir ein ehgn mot phuong phap kidm tra dinh gia thich hgp Sogn thdo he tlwng can hoi trac nghiem khach quan nhieu lua chon: 4.1 Muc tieu cua bai trac nghiem yeu cau ngudi hgc nam duge mdt so kie'n thiic eo ban tir dd de'n khd, phin loai ngudi hoc cung c6' kie'n thiife ebo hg dd ehuin bi thi he't mdn Ddi vdi giio vien xem lai each giang day ciia minh eon thid'u sot gi? 4.2 Soan thao he thd'ng ciu hdi: Nguydn tic soan thao mot bai trie nghiem khach quan nhieu lUa ehgn ve mdn Thien van dai cUOng la de kiem tra dinh gia chit lugng cua ngudi hgc qua xem xet lai ndi dung cHu hdi ciia giao vien cd dat yeu cau hay khdng Cac bud^c tie'n hanh de danh gia bai tr^c nghiem khach quan nhicU lira chon Xdc dinh muc tieu giang day: Vi bai kidm tra giua mdn vdi ngi dung xae dinh nen chung tdi yeu ciu ngUdi hgc phai nim bat dugc kie'n thii:c tir de de'n khd, tii don gian de'n phiic tap Viy ngudi hgc phai nam dugc eac trinh dd sau: bid't tii hien, hidu, va vin dung Yeu ciu viy la vi diy mdi kidm tra dd cung cd kie'n thiire cho ngudi hge So lugng cau hoi Ixii trac nghiem: - Dd kidm tra c6 30 ciu hdi vdi phuong an lua ehgn cho mdi ciu - Td chire kidm tra giira mdn Cham bai trac nghiem Ddnh gia ky nang kie'n thi(c nhgn dugc cfia ngif&i hgc: Qua diy tha'y rang kie'n thiire ky nang tiep thu eiia ngudi a mUe de cao hon kho hay miic dd tai hien cao hon hieu va van dung Ddnh gia ket qua bai trac nghiem MCQ - Cdc loai diem ciia bai trac nghiem: 169 a Didm thd: Cd 30 ciu moi ciu cd phuong an lua chon, ne'u lam dung ca 30 ciu vm6i ciu didm) thi duge 30 didm dd ggi la didm thd b Didm chu£n: Cd nhidu loai didm chuin theo tieu chuin khae c Phin loai didm theo dudng eong phin bd: Dinh diu tieh cua ngudi hge va cho didm eac bai trac nghiem dua vao dudng eong phin bd ebuin hinh qua chudng, ne'u bai cd dang gin dang dudng eong phin bd ehuin thi bai trie nghiem chip nhin dugc d Dinh gia ciu hoi trie nghiem qua su phin tieh thdng ke: - Xet khd de cua bai trie nghiem - D6 phin biet ciia eac ciu hoi bai trac nghiem - D6 tin ciy Khi soan bai trie nghiem MCQ phai dua vao muc tieu, ndi dung giang day Qua dd ngudi hgc phai dat tdi mUe dd nao thi mdi dugc thi hge phin Do phai kidm tra dinh gii kiS^n thUe ky ning cua ngudi hgc bang tieh hgc tip, lam phuong tien chi dao viec dinh hudng viec hgc tip Mot so ket luan chung U'u didm: Qua thue nghierri da nit duge mot sd ke't luin sau: a Dinh gii dung thue chit kie'n thiic ky nang cua ngudi hgc mdt cich khich quan b Han che' tdi da hien tugng quay cop kidm tra c Trong kidm tra mgi ngudi ddu chim chii lam bai cua minh d Didm kidm tra dinh gia la didm khach quan, cdng bing, vdi kidm tra nhu the' ngudi hgc se'ctem ehi hge tip Nhugc didm: Ngudi hgc khdng thd nhin xet, phin tieh danh gia dugc cic ciu hoi M6t sd ki^n nghi: Kidm tra dinh gia (kie'n thUc) ke't qua hge tip cua ngudi hge bang phuong phip trac nghiem khich quan chua dugc bien rgng rai d nudc ta, dd phuong phip da thuc hien a hiu bet cie nudc tren the' gidi Viy 66 tai nen duge diu tu nghien cUu, ip dung cai tie'n phuong phip kidm tra danh gia bang phuong phap trie nghiem khach quan cho phii hgp vdi tinh hinh hien nhim mang lai sU cdng bang danh gia kie'n thUc hge sinh Tdi lieu tham khdo Nguydn Dinh Chinh Vin dd dat ciu hoi cua giao vien dUng Idp Kidm tra danh gii viec hgc tip ciia hge sinh Ha Ndi 1995, tr.53-90 Trin Bi Hoanh Danh gia giio due Ha Ndi 1995 Le Thi Oanh Trie nghiem va ludng Bai giang cho thae si khoa Le Diic Phuc Cd sd ly luin ciia viec danh gia day hoc th6ng Dd tai B94-37-43HaN0i 1994 Le DUc Phuc Mdt sd bai chuyen khao va thir ddi mdi viec danh gia day hgc De tai B94-37-43 Ha Ndi 1994 170 Pham Hihi Tdng Dinh hudng hinh dgng hge tip day hgc vat ly Bai giang cho Idrp thac si khoa Nguydn Xuin Hiing (bien dieh) Trie nghiem vi ludng eo ban giao due Ha N6i 1995 Nguyen Dtic Thim va ctg Phuong phap giang day vit ly d eac trudng PTTH Lien X6 va CHDC Dire Tip I Ha Ngi 1984 Tai lieu dieh Pham Vie't Trinh va Nguyen Dinh Noan Giao trinh thien van dai cuong Ha N6i 1994 10 Partrik-Griffin Trie nghiem va danh gii Ha NOi 1994 Tai lieu dich 11 Nhihig CO sd ciia ky thuit trie nghiem Tai lieu sir dung ngi bd Ha Ngi 1994 12 H6i nghi Khoa hgc toan qude vd day hgc Vit ly va dao tao giao vien vit ly Ha N6i 10/1996 Tr.24-32 13 E Rybka.Ogdlna aetronomiezna Warszawa 1974 Test is an advanced method using for testing students' knowledge at schools, especially at the Hanoi Teacher's School in teaching astronomical physics Using testing method, students can get the fair scores Wehope that testing methodwith multiple choices will be able to use at the schools all over Vietnam 171 ... cich khich quan b Han che' tdi da hien tugng quay cop kidm tra c Trong kidm tra mgi ngudi ddu chim chii lam bai cua minh d Didm kidm tra dinh gia la didm khach quan, cdng bing, vdi kidm tra nhu... mdi kidm tra dd cung cd kie'n thiire cho ngudi hge So lugng cau hoi Ixii trac nghiem: - Dd kidm tra c6 30 ciu hdi vdi phuong an lua ehgn cho mdi ciu - Td chire kidm tra giira mdn Cham bai trac nghiem... xae khach quan, trinh sir quay cop thi eir ein ehgn mot phuong phap kidm tra dinh gia thich hgp Sogn thdo he tlwng can hoi trac nghiem khach quan nhieu lua chon: 4.1 Muc tieu cua bai trac nghiem