Tư tưởng hồ chí minh tập bài giảng

DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA N0I TRRUONG DAI HOC KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VAN Tif tudng HO CHI MINH (TAP BAI GlANG) (In lan thifhai) NHA XU AT BAN OAI HO C Q U O C GIA HA NOI NHF) XUA't BAN o n i HOC QUOC G il H& N p l 16 H ang C huoi - Hai B a T rim g - Noi D ien thoai: (04) 97 1 ; (04) 4 Fa;: (0 ) *8 9 Em ail: n x b @ v n u e d u ★ ★ ★ Chiu trdch nhiem x u a t ban: Giam doc: P H U N G Q UO C iAO Tong bien tap: PH A M T H A N H I l / N G Bien tap: D IN H XUAN A m Siia ban in: P H A N MAI LUONG Trinh bay bia: N G O C ANH TU t i/ n g h o CH( MINH (TAP BAI G I/N G ) MS s6 : 2K - 06001 - 02204 In 2.000 cuon, kho 13x19 tai XN 951 So xuat ban ; 228/113/XB - QLXB 10/2/200* S6 tri'ch ngang: 70 KH/XB In xong va nop li/u chieu quy II nam 2004 MUC LUC ■ • Ldi noi d a i (P G S T S lh a m X u a n H a n g ) N h ap m o r tu tiidng Ho Chi' M i n h (P G S L e M u H d n ) Cd sd va ]ua t r i n h hinh th a n h , p h a t trie n td tdcfng Ho (hi M i n h 28 (PGS T S lh a m X a n h ) T d tddng lo Chi M in h ve doc lap dan toe va chu • nghia xa h>i 37 (G S D a n g l u a n K y) T d td d n g Ho C h i M i n h ve D a n g C ong s a n V iet N a m 54 (P G S Le Miu H d n ) Td tddng to C hi M in h ve dai doan k e t 76 (GS T S P h in g H a u P h u ) Td tddng Hi C h i M inh ve q u a n s d 95 (Thii(pig tWng, G S H o a n g M in h Thao) Tif tifdng Ho Chi Minh ve nha nifdc cua dan, dan vi d a n 118 (PG S T S M ach Q u a n g T n g) Q u a n diem cua C hu tich Ho Chi Minh ve van hoa 142 (G S H a M in h Diic) Tif tifdng dao difc Ho Chi M i n h 164 (G S D a n g X u a n K y) Phong cach Ho Chi M i n h 177 (G S D a n g X u a n Ky) May van de ve van d u n g va p h a t trie n tif tifdng Ho Chi M in h cong cuoc doi m d i 193 V *) (G S S o n g T h a n h ) D anh m uc tai lieu th a m k h a o 221 LOI NOI DAU D a n g C ong san Viet N a m lay chu n g h ia M a c-L en in va t u tu d n g H o C h i M in h lam nen ta n g tii tiidng, k im chi n a m cho h a n h d o n g , p h a t h u y truyen th o n g tot dep cua d d n toe, tiep th u tin h hoa tri tue cua n h a n loai, n a m viin g q u y lu a t k h d e h q u an , xu the thdi d a i vd thiic tien d d t niidc de Ciidng linh c h in h tri, d iid n g loi cach m a n g d u n g d d n p h ii hdp vdi yeu cau p h a t trien cua ddn toe, hdp vdi y c h i vd long d a n , cd nghe t h u a t to chiic vd chi d a o lin h h o a t sa t hdp vdi nun tin h the cua d d t niidc va quoc te nen dd diia cach m a n g niidc ta viidt q u a m oi th ii thd eh , g ia n h th d n g ldi cd y n g h ia lich s ii v i dai vd thdi d a i sau sac D hoi d a i hieu toan quoc ldn th ii I X ciia D ang v tiep tuc k h a n g d in h rang: “D a n g vd n h a n d d n ta quyet ta m x a y d iin g d a t nitdc V iet N a m theo d iid n g xd hoi chit n g h ia tren nen ta n g chit n ghia M a c -L e n in va tii tiidng H o C h i M i n h ”1 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan t h u I X Nxb CTQG, H, 2001, tr 83 “TV tudng H o C h i M in h soi dUcfng cho cuoc dau tranh cua nhan dan ta gianh thang ldi, Id tdi san tinh than to ldn cua Dang vd dan toe ta”2 T d n g cUifng giao d u e t u titdng c h in h tri, ren luyen d a o ditc cach m a n g , chong chu nghia cd n h a n , toan D a n g p h a i nghiem tuc hoc t(ip chu n g h ia M ac-Lenin vd tU tudng H o C hi M in h la m ot nhU ng noi dung q u a n cua n hiem vu xay dUng, c h in h don D ang, n a n g cao n a n g lUc lan h dao vd siic chien d a u cua D a ng L a m cho chu n g h ia M a c-L en in vd tU tu d n g H o C hi M in h th u c sit Id tU tu d n g ch u dao toan d d n Viet N a m , dac biet la gidi th a n h nien, tro ng co sin h vien, hoc sin h cdc trUdng tru n g hoc, cao d a n g vd d a i hoc la n h u cau k h a c h q u a n vd cap thiet T ro n g chUting trinh dao tao d cac trUdng dai hoc vd cao dang, cung vdi cdc m on: Triet hoc M ac-Lenin, K inh te chinh tr i M ac-Lenin, Chu nghia xa hd i khoa hoc, Lich su Dang Cong san Viet Nam, T u tudng H o C h i M in h la m o t m o n hoc cd ban cd y n g h ia kh o a hoc vd thUc tien nong hoi G ia n g d a y T u tudng H o C h i M in h cdc trUbng cao d a n g vd d a i hoc la m o t n h u cau k h a c h q u a n gop p h d n dao tao sin h vien trd th a n h n h iin g ngU&i trUc tiep ke thita sU nghiep xa y dUng d a t nUdc ud a n g h o a n g hctn, to dep hctn” theo d u d n g cach m a n g C h u tich H o C h i M in h d d Ilia chon Dang Cong san Viet Nam Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc ldn this IX, Nxb CTQG, H 2001, tr 84 D a i hoi dai hieu toan quoc lan thi/ I X ciia D a n g dd n h a n m a n h : ph a i td n g ctfdng giao d u e chinh tri, ttf ttfdng, dao diic, loi song cho hoc s i n h , sin h vien; cai tien g i a n g d a y va hoc tap cdc ho m on Khoa hoc M ac-Lenin va T u tudng Ho Chi Minh d cac trtfdng d a i hoc va cao ddng N h ie m vu cua mon hoc Ttf ttfdng H o C h i M inh tron g trtfdng d a i hoc n h a m tra n g hi cho sin h vien n h tfn g hieu biet ttfdng doi co he thong va cd hdn ve noi d u n g q u a n diem , ve dao diic va p h o ng cach Ho C h i M inh C h u a n hi trien k h a i viec g ia n g d a y m on Ttf ttfdng H o C h i Minh trtfdng D hoc K hoa hoc X d hoi va N h a n van, cdc trtfdng, cdc kh o a cua D hoc Quoc g ia H a N o i, theo stf chi dao cua G iam doc D hoc Quoc g ia H a N o i , D a n g uy, B an G ia m hieu trtfdng D a i hoc K hoa hoc X d hoi va N h a n van da c h i dao B o m o n Ttf ttfdng H o C h i M in h va K hoa hoc C h in h tri d t f thao ch tfdng trin h mon hoc, cd sd ttf lieu, dac biet Id d d m d ldp boi dtfdng doi ngu g ia n g vien cho viec g ia n g d a y Ttf ttfdng Ho C h i Minh cho sin h vien trtfdng Dai hoc K hoa hoc X d hoi va N h a n van va cac trtfdng d a i hoc, cdc khoa D hoc Quoc gia H a Noi Cdc can bo d tf ldp tap h u a n d a c biet g o m cac P ho Gido stf , cdc Tien si cua cdc khoa T riet hoc, Lich stf va cdc can bo k h o a hoc, q u a n li cua n h d trtfdng N g o a i viec nghe cac b a i gidi thieu cua cdc chuyen gia ngh ien ciiu ve Ttf ttfdng H o Chi Minh tai ld p , trtfc tiep n g hien ciiu , th a m k h a o cdc tac p h a m cua H o C h i M in h va cdc cong tr in h nghien ciiu cd ban ve Ttf tuang Ho Chi Minh, hoc vien dtfdc cu n g cap de ctfdng m o t so bai g ia n g chu yeu De ciidng cac bdi g ia n g cac chuyen gia ve Tu tudng Hd Chi' Minh bien soan diidc sii gop y cua m ot so nha khoa hoc tri/dc k h i trinh bay triCdc hoc vien Q ua cac buoi len ldp vd thao luan, cac hoc vien d d dong gop y kien vao cac bai g ia n g de g ia n g vien th a m kh a o , bo sung Bo m o n T ii tiidng H o C h i M in h vd K hoa hoc C h in h tri dd bien tap th a n h ta p bdi g ia n g T u tudng H o Chi Minh de la m tdi lieu n g h ien citu th a m khao H i vong se diidc n h a n sii d d n g gop bo s u n g cua cac co g ia o , th a y gia o, cac ban doc g a n xa de Tap bdi giang n ga y cang hoan thien hdn H d N o i, th a n g n a m 20 PGS TS Pham Xuan H&ng Hieu trifdng Trudng DHKHXH & NV Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi NHAP MON TIT TlfONG HO CHI MINH I L i c h sii v a n de, T i l t u d n g H o C h i M i n h , d o i t i t d n g v a n h i e m vu n g h i e n c iiu Lich su nghien cuu Lich su' nghien ciiu ve tif lifdng Ho Chi M inh moi dien thdi gian r a t ngan ngui Day la m ot khoa hoc r a t mdi me Thiic te viec nghien ciiu, hoc tap tif tudng, dao diic va phong cach Ho Chf M inh da difdc trien khai k h a sdm tii sau Cach m a n g t h a n g Tam 1945 th a n h cong hang n h ie u hinh thiic, n h ie u miic khac n h a u d nifdc ta nhif mot n h u cau kh ach q u a n cua cuoc song mc3i va cua cuoc dau t r a n h cach m a n g cua d a n toe, song viec nghien ciiu q u a n diem, If lu a n cach m ang cua Ho Chf M inh tre n goc he tii tifdng, hoc th u y e t cach m an g thi h a u nhif chiia diidc xac dinh Trifdc day, co luc ch ung ta quan niem ddn gian rang: Chu nghia M ac - Lenin la dinh cao trf tue cua thdi dai, kho co the vifdt qua diidc, vay, ch ung ta ru t re, t a ti, khong m a n h dan di sa u nghien ciiu, d a n h gia day du, chfnh xac noi dung, gia tri tii tiidng Ho Chf Minh o Nhd sii doi mdi tif Dai hoi VI vach ra, dac biet tu Dai hoi VII cua D ang k h a n g dinh “lay chu nghia M ac-Lenin, tif tiidng Ho Chf Minh lam nen tang dinh cac dan toe Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh da d a t nhiem vu giai phong dan toe len triidc het n h a m tap hdp rong rai moi liic ludng veu niidc tro n g m a t tr a n d a n toe thong n hat, tren nen ta n g lien m in h cong n h an , nong d a n va ta n g ldp tri trdc, diia den th a n g ldi vi dai cua Cach m a n g th a n g Tam, lap n e n niidc Viet N am Dan chu Cong hoa, n h a niidc d a n chu n h a n d a n d&u tien d Dong N am chau A Tiep theo cuoc k h a n g chien chong P h a p la chong My, nhd diing vutng tren q u a n diem doc lap tii chu va q u an diem thiic tien ta n h a n vien trd k in h te va quan sii, n h iin g van d an h theo diidng loi va each d a n h Viet N am , p h u hdp vdi chien triidng Viet Nam vi vay chung ta da gian h diidc th a n g ldi vo cu n g ve vang: Giai phong mien N am , thong n h a t niidc n h a, diia ca niidc di len chu ng h ia xa hoi Biidc vao thdi ki qua len chu ng h ia xa hoi tii mot nude nong nghiep lac h au , ph trai qua 30 nam chien t r a n h ta n pha, p h a t tr ie n bo qua che tii b an chu nghia, doi vdi chung ta la m ot dieu mdi me lich sii Thiic te doi hoi c h u n g ta phai r a siic tim toi, s a n g tao, khong chu q u an non nong, cu ng khong diidc rap khuon, giao dieu N hiing vap vap, sai lam tro n g 10 n a m d&u ca niidc di vao xay diing chii nghia xa hoi ch a m diidc p h a t hien va k h a c ph uc da diia d a t niidc lam vao killing hoang kinh te - xa hoi Do d u n g cam n h in vao sii th a t, n a m viing q u a n diem thiic tien, trd lai vdi bai hoc ciia Bac Ho, D ang ta d u n g cam tii phe binh de diidng loi doi mdi diia d a t niidc tiing budc t h o a t 210 khoi khiing hoang, gian h diidc nhiing th a n g ldi to ldn lam nen mot viec t h a n ki Tii mot niidc thieu doi, phai n h a p k h a u ludng thiic, chi sa u mot so nam doi mdi, da trd t h a n h m ot niidc x u a t k h a u gao diing thii hai thii ba tr e n th e gidi T ro n g Lien Xo va cac niidc xa hoi chu ng h ia Dong Au s u p thi niidc Viet Nam xa hoi chu nghia van diing viing va tiep tuc tien len Toe ta n g tr u d n g d a t miic tiidng doi cao tro n g nhieu nam, vi the cua Viet N a m ng ay can g diidc n an g cao tren triidng quoc te Can th a y h e t t h a n g ldi de tii hao, tin tiidng, dong thdi diing viing tr e n q u a n diem thiic tien, can tin h tao nhin vao sii t h a t de th a y r a n g niidc ta hien v a n la mot tro n g niidc ngheo va lac h a u tre n the gidi T h u n h ap tin h th eo d a u ngiidi r a t thap trin h khoa hoc - cong n g h e lac h a u h a n g m ay th a p ki so vdi cac niidc tro n g k h u viic va h a n g t r a m nam so vdi cac niidc tien tien T ro n g cac niidc p h a t trien da di q u a h cuoc cach m a n g cong nghiep, d a n g biidc vao nen k in h te tri thiic thi niidc ta mdi b a t d a u biidc vao thdi ki day m anh cong ng h iep hoa hien dai hoa Dieu kien di len chu n g h ia xa hoi ciia ta khong hoan to a n giong vdi sin h thdi ciia Bac Ho Triidc day, V.l L enin da noi: Vdi sii gnip dd ciia mot niidc xa hoi chii ng h ia ph ac trien cac niidc kinh te lac h a u co the tien t h a n g len chii ng h ia xa hoi bo qua giai doan phat trie n tii b a n chii nghia Ngay nay, dieu kien khong Vay c h u n g ta, m ot niidc Viet N am c h am 211 p h a t trien se doi mdi va di len chu nghia xzi hoi n h u the nao? Bao cao chi'nh tri Dai hoi IX cua D an g da chi ro: “Doi mdi p h a i d iia vao n h a n d d n , vi Ufi ich cua n h a n ddn, p h u help vdi thi/c tien, luon luon sa n g tao Tien hanh doi mdi x u a t p h a t tu' thuc tien va cuoc song cua xa hoi Viet Nam, th a m khao kinh nghiem tot cua the gidi khong chep h a t cut mot mo h in h co san nao; doi mdi toan dien dong bo va tr ie t de vdi nhufng budc di, hinh thiic va each lam phu hdp Co n hiing dieu chinh bo sung va p h a t trien can th iet ve chu triidng, phifdng phap, bien phap; tim va lifa chon nhiing giai phap mdi, linh hoat sa n g tao n h a y ben n a m bat cai mdi, ta n dung thdi cd, khac phuc sii tri tre, lam ch uyen bien tin h h in h ”1" ^ ✓ / ■) / *) _ / Nhii vay, D ang ta n h a n m a n h phai kien tri q u a n diem thiic tien, phai khong ngiing di vao cuoc song, tong ket cac mo hinh tien tien n a n g len t h a n h li lu an, de luan diem mdi tim quy lu a t ve diidng di len chu nghia xa hoi d niidc ta Mot so noi dung co y nghia cap bach a thai diem hien 2.1 K ien d in h m u c tieu doc lap d d n toe va c h u n g h ia xa ho i , d a y m a n h g id o d u e chii n g h ia y e u niidc gan lien vdi li tiidng x a hoi ch u n g hia Nghi quyet Dai hoi IX cua D ang chi ro: “Trong q u a trinh doi moi phai kien tri muc tieu doc lap d a n toe va 1JJ Van hien D a i h d i d a i hieu toan qu oc l d n t h i i I X , S d d, t r 81 21 '> c h u nghia xa hoi tren nen ta n g chu nghia Mac-Lenin va t ii tiidng Hd ("hi Minh" Hien tinh hinh the gidi da thav doi nhieu song cuoc dau t r a n h cho doc lap dan toe va chu nghia xa hoi v a n d a n g dien gay gat Cac the liic de quoc va p han d o n g d an g siie khai thac, kich dong, loi cuon cac dan toe vao cdn loc bao liic mdi Vdi niidc ta, cac the liic th u dich van chiia muon k h e p lai q u a khii, nhin ve tiidng lai, van dang kich d o n g h a n th u theo duoi n h u n g miiu toan th a m doc mdi Do do, cuoc dau t r a n h de bao ve doc lap dan toe, chu q u y e n dat niidc va toan ven lanh tho giu gin tiing tac nui, tac song van phai luon luon d a t ra, khong diidc mot p h u t Id la Ta di vao cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa dieu kien toan cau hoa ve kinh te tile la di vao mot cuoc triidng chinh mdi vdi nhieu van hoi cd may nhiing cung kho n g it lo au b at trac Cac de quoc cong nghe dang thiic hien a m miiu bien cac niidc chain p h a t trien th a n h cac bai th a i cong nghe cua chung, hong kim h a m cac niidc tro n g vong lac h a u de de be th ao tung, boc lot Trong dieu kien do, ch u n g ta se d u n g d on g life nao j de day lin nguy cd, viidt qua th a ch thiic, diia d a t nii6c tien len? C h u tich Ho Chf M inh da tra o cho chung ta ngon cd doc lap dan toe va chu nghia xa hoi, chun g ta co nhiem vu la phai siie p h a t trien chu n g h ia yeu ni/dc va tin h th a n d a n toe , k et hdp vdi bdi diidng ve li tifdng xd hoi chii n g h i a , tao nguon noi liic mdi de xay diing va bao ve To quoc Muon the, chung ta phai siie tim ) 218 toi, hoan thien cd che ket hdp cac ldi ich, co h a n h lang phap li an toan cho cac th a n h phan kinh te yen tam bo von dau tif lam an lau dai; can bo, d an g vien ph thiic sii giidng m au di dau, neu tain giidng sach, liem khiet hoan toan vi niidc vi dan \ 2.2 Q uan triet tii tiidng H o C h i M in h : Doi m d i la sii nghiep cua n h a n d a n , n h a n d d n , vi n h a n d a n ; m o i chu trtfdng, c h in h sach p h a i dUa vao d d n , la y d d n la m goc Trong tii tiidng chi dao cung nhii thiic tien h a n h dong Ho Chi Minh luon luon de cao vai tro lam chu cua n h a n dan, ton quyen liic cua dan, tin tiidng vao kh a n an g va stfc m an h cua dan Ngudi quan niem: Chii nghia xa hoi la cong trin h tap th e cua dan, dan tii xay diing lay difdi sii lanh dao cua Dang, do pi:ai dem td i d d n , siic d a n , cu a d d n de la m ldi cho dan Trong D i c h u c , de cap den nhiing cong viec doi m6i to ldn, phiic tap, kho khan sau chien tranh, Ngiidi nhac nhd: “De gianh lay thang ldi cuoc chien dau khong lo nay, can p h a i n g vien toan d d n , to chiic va g ia o d u e toan ddn, diia vao liic liid n g v i d a i cua toan d a n \ Q u an trie t bai hoc nay, Bao cao chinh tri tai Dai hoi IX cua D ang ta n h a n manh: “Dong liic chu veu de p h a t trien d a t niidc la dai doan ket toan d£n tre n cd sd lien m inh giufa cong n h a n vdi nong d a n va t a n g ldp tri thijfc D ang lanh dao, ket hdp hai hoa giufa ldi ich ca o v nhan, tap the va xa hoi”, p h a t huy moi tiem n a n g va nguon liic cua cac t h a n h p h a n kinh te cua toan xa hoi Noi cu the la phai khoi day m a n h me moi nguon noi liic n h an dan 214 H ien chung ta d a n g noi nhieu den bon nguy cd: t u t hau cheeh hudng, quan lieu, th a m n h u n g va " dien bien hoa b in h ”, nhufng noi it ve k h au (Jot pha (je tao siic m a n h vifdt nguy cd T rong lich sii dan toe, k h o n g co thdi ki nao cha ong ta khong phai doi vdi nhufng nguy cd lam le den tii nhieu phia, song cha ong t a deu biet dua vao d a n de vifdt qua va chien thang N e u can phai de phong mot nguy cd nufa thi xin difdc n h a c lai ldi n h a n nhii an can ciia Ho Chi Minh la phai lo lam de khong xa dan, m a t long dan, “sao cho difdc long d a n ”, vi m a t long d a n la m a t ta t ca De v an dung, quan triet q u a n diem “diia vao dan, lay dan lam goc" ciia Ho Chi Minh, chung ta phai giai q u y e t dong bo nhieu van de Trifdc h e t la phai cham lo p h a t trien nguon liic n g iid i , n h a m hinh t h a n h difdc m ot doi ngu can bo chien I M e gioi, mot doi ngu tr i thiic , cdc n h d k h o a hoc - cong nghe co tr in h cao, mot doi ngu dong dao nhufng ngiidi lao d o n g d d q u a dao ta o , co van hoa, co dao diic, co tay nghe, y chi, deo dai ve the c h a t va tin h th a n de lao dong tro n g dieu kien canh t r a n h du: dpi vdi cac nen kinh te khu viic va tre n the gidi Thii hai, de khdi day siic m a n h toan dan toe p h a i m d rong d d n chu, p h a t h u y q u yen la m c h u , bdi d iid n g y thiic la m ch u cua ngiidi d d n Ngifdi lanh dao, ngudi quan li phai coi dan chii vifa la b an chat, vifa la muc tieu ciia chii nghia xa hoi, viia la siic m anh, la chia khoa de giai quyet moi kho k h a n , nhif Chii tich Ho Chi Minh da noi M at khac, phai luon luon gan dan chii vdi 215 ki l u a t , ki cifd n g t u ’ t r o n g D a n g d e n t o a n x a hoi - d a n chu tap t r u n g , p h e p h a n c a r h i e u h i e n d a n c h u vo n g u y e n ta c , d a n c h u vo c h i n h p h u 2.3 K h o n g n g iin g c u n g co va m d ro n g k h o i d a i d o a n ket tro n g M a t trd n To quoc V iet N a m , d tfa chien ItfUc d a i d o a n ket H o C h i M in h len m o t ta m cao , m ot ch ieu s a u m di T r u y e n t h o n g d a i d o a n k e t d a n to e d a diidc t h i i t h a c h t r o n g lich sii, d a c h t i n g to siic m a n h t h a n ki c u a no t r o n g d a u t r a n h v a t r o n g x a y d ii n g T r o n g boi c a n h q u o c t e m di d a y p h i i c t a p h i e n n a y d a n g x u a t h i e n n h u n g n h a n to co k h a n a n g t a c d o n g d e n t i n h t h a n d a i d o a n k e t d a n toe - K i n h t e t h i t r i i d n g , d u d i n h h iiclng xa h o i c h u n g h i a , c u n g k h o n g t r a n h k h o i d a n d e n n h i i n g t h a y doi t r o n g p h a n t a n g x a hoi t a o r a su’ d o i l a p g i a u n g h e o K i n h t e t h i t r u d n g c u n g t a o r a t a m li c h a y t h e o d o n g tien, c a n h tran h k h o n g lan h m anh, lam phai n h at t r u v e n t h o n g t i n h n g h i a , t i i d n g t h a n t i i d n g t r o n g c o n g d o n g d a n toe K i n h t e t h i t r i i d n g c u n g d e r a n h i e u t e n a n x a hoi, n h a t la n a n t h a m n h u n g , h o i lo, q u a n lie u , c iia q u y e n , vi p h a m q u y e n l a m c h u c u a n h a n d a n , g a v r a n h i i n g o a n \ic k h i e n lo n g d a n k h o n g y e n , d a n d e n n h i i n g m a u t h u a n x a h o i d a n g lo n g a i , n e u c h a m k h a c p h u c , co n g u y cd d e d o a k h o i d a i d o a n k e t d a n toe, - X a y d u n g v a c u n g co k h o i d a i d o a n k e t d a n to e d o i hoi p h a i c h a m lo g ia i q u y e t t o t h d n n i i a m o i q u a n h e g itfa cac d a n toe a n h em t r o n g d a i g i a d i n h c a c d a n to e V ie t N a m 216 Sau 15 nam dm mdi ddi song car dan toe mien nui