I’m sure it’s going to rain.. Did you enjoy______play.[r]
(1)CHUYÊN Đề ĐạI Từ CHỉ ĐịNH: THIS/ THAT/ THESE/THOSE
Demonstrative pronouns: “this/ that/ These / Those”
I Đ i t ch đ nh ti ng Anh g m: This, That, These, Those ch raạ ừ ỉ ị ế ồ ỉ c th ngụ ể ười ho c v t đặ ậ ược nói đ n.ế Đ i t ch đ nh đ ng trạ ừ ỉ ị ứ ước danh t Đ i t ch đ nh có th khơng c n danh t , t thân có th ừ ỉ ị ể ầ ừ ự ể làm ch ng ủ ữ This, That, These, Those đ ng riêng khơng có danh t ứ ừ theo sau đ i t ch đ nh.ạ ừ ỉ ị
1 Đ i t ch đ nh bao g m t this, that, these those ch cạ ừ ỉ ị ồ ừ ỉ ụ th ngể ười ho c v t đặ ậ ược nói đ n.ế
Ví d ụ
This is an apple pie That is a good idea These are my friends Those are maple trees
2 This these dùng đ ch ngể ỉ ười ho c v t g n ngặ ậ ầ ười nói ho cặ vi t.This v i đ ng t s ít, b nghĩa cho m t ngế ớ ộ ừ ố ổ ộ ười ho c m t v t.ặ ộ ậ These v i đ ng t s nhi u, b nghĩa cho nhi u ngớ ộ ừ ố ề ổ ề ười ho c v t.ặ ậ Ví d :ụ
This is my brother
This book belongs to him These are my brothers These books belong to him
(2)Ví d :ụ
That is a computer
That woman is a professor Those are computers
Those women are professors
4 Cách dùng đ i t ch đ nh có th đạ ừ ỉ ị ể ượ ổc t ng k t nh sau:ế ư V trí ch đ nh ị ỉ ị S ho c s nhi uố ặ ố ề
This G n v i ngầ ười nói ho c vi t ặ ế S ítố These G n v i ngầ ười nói ho c vi t ặ ế S nhi uố ề That Xa v i ngớ ười nói ho c vi t ặ ế S ítố
Those Xa v i ngớ ười nói ho c vi t ặ ế S nhi uố ề
5 T h n đ nh: This/ that/ these/ those có th đừ ạ ị ể ược dùng nh tư ừ h n đ nh v i danh t ch ngạ ị ớ ừ ỉ ười ho c v t.ặ ậ
Ví d :ụ
This child: đ a bé này.ứ That house: nhà Các trường h p đ c bi tợ ặ ệ
1 This/ these có th ch nh ng tình hu ng kinh nghi m di nể ỉ ữ ố ệ ễ ra nh ng ch m i b t đ u.ư ỉ ắ ầ
Ví d :ụ
I like this music What is it? Tơi thích lo i nh c Nh c v y?ạ ạ ậ Watch this Hãy xem
This is a police message Đây l i nh n c a c nh sát đ y.ờ ắ ủ ả ấ
2 That/ those ch kinh nghi m m i k t thúc ho c lùi xa quáỉ ệ ớ ế ặ kh ứ
That was nice What was it? Cái th t thú v Nó v y?ậ ị ậ Who said that? Ai nói u đó?ề
Did you see that? Anh có th y khơng?ấ 3 That có th ch u k t thúc.ể ỉ ề ế Ví d :ụ
Anything else? Cịn khác n a khơng?ữ
No, that's all, thanks Không, t t c ch th thôi, cám n.ấ ả ỉ ế
4 L u ý: this morning/ afternoon, this spring/ summer/ autumn cóư th ch đ n m t th i gian qua (n u ngể ỉ ế ộ ờ ế ười nói nói vào lúc cu iố ngày/ cu i mùa)ố
5 S ch p nh n bác b :ự ấ ậ ỏ
This/ these dùng đ ch s ch p nh n hay ni m say mê.ể ỉ ự ấ ậ ề That/ those ch s khơng a thích hay bác b ỉ ự ỏ
Hãy so sánh:
(3)I don't like that new boyfriend of yours Tơi khơng thích c u b n trai m iậ c a c u.ủ ậ
6 Qua n tho iệ ạ
Qua n tho i, ngệ ười Anh thường dùng this đ xác đ nh ngể ị ười nói that đ h i v ngể ỏ ề ười nghe Nh ng ngư ười Mỹ dùng this h i v ngỏ ề ười nghe
Ví d :ụ
Hello This is Mary Is that Ruth? Xin chào Mary Có ph i đ y Ruthả ấ không?
Who is this? Ai đ y?ấ
7 That/ those nghĩa " the one(s)"
Trong l i văn trang tr ng, that those có th có t miêu t theo v iố ọ ể ả nghĩa " nh ng u/ cái" Those who có nghĩa "ngữ ề ười mà "
Ví d :ụ
A dog's intelligence is much greater than that of the cat: Trí khơn c a m tủ ộ chó l n h n trí khơn c a m t mèo.ớ ủ ộ
Those who can, Those who can't, teach Ai làm được, làm Ai không làm được, d y.ạ
8 This/ that nghĩa "so"
+) Trong l i văn thân m t, this that thố ậ ường dùng v i tính t vàớ tr ng t theo cách tạ ương t nh So.ự
Ví d :ụ
If it goes on raining this hard, we'll have to swim to work: N u tr i ti p t cế ế ụ m a to nh th này, ph i b i làm m t.ư ế ả ấ
If your boyfriend's that clever, why isn't he rich?: N u b n trai c a b nế ủ thông minh nh th , t i c u ta không giàu?ư ế ậ
+) Trong ti ng Anh chu n, ch có So m i đế ẩ ỉ ược dùng trước m t m nh đ ộ ệ ề It was so cold that I couldn't feel my fingers
Tr i l nh đ n n i tê h t tay.ờ ế ỗ ế
+) Not at that có th dùng v i nghĩa" không l m".ể ắ How was the play? V k ch sao?ở ị
Not all that good Không hay l m.ắ 9 Các cách dùng khác:
+) L u ý cách dùng đ c bi t c a this (khơng có nghĩa ch đ nh) kư ặ ệ ủ ỉ ị ể chuy n mi ng.ệ ệ
Ví d :ụ
There was this traveling salesman, you see And he wanted B n bi t đ y có m t ngạ ế ấ ộ ười chào hàng Và ông ta mu n ố
+) That/ those có th hàm ý r ng m t kinh nghi m quen thu c v iể ằ ộ ệ ộ m i ngọ ười; cách dùng r t thông d ng qu ng cáo.ấ ụ ả
(4)I can't stand that perfume of hers.Tôi không ch u n i mùi nị ổ ước hoa c a côủ y
ấ
II M t s m u câu v i These & Those.ộ ố ẫ ớ 1 These are / Those are …
D ng kh ng đ nh:ạ ẳ ị These are/ Those are + danh t đ m đừ ế ượ ốc s nhi u.ề Ví d :ụ
These are my bags.(Đây nh ng chi c túi c a tôi.)ữ ế ủ Those are my pens.(Kia nh ng chi c bút c a tôi.)ữ ế ủ
D ng ph đ nh:ạ ủ ị These are not (These aren’t)/ Those are not (Those aren’t) + danh t đ m đừ ế ượ ốc s nhi u.ề
Ví d :ụ
These aren’t my bags.(Đây không ph i nh ng chi c túi c a tôi.)ả ữ ế ủ Those aren’t my pens.(Đó khơng ph i nh ng bút c a tôi.)ả ữ ủ D ng nghi v n:ạ ấ
Câu h i:ỏ Are these/ Are those + danh t đ m đừ ế ượ ốc s nhi u?ề Câu tr l i:ả Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.
Ví d :ụ
Are these your bags?(Đây có ph i nh ng chi c túi c a b n không?)ả ữ ế ủ ạ Yes, they are.(Đúng r i.)ồ
Are those your pens?(Đó có ph i nh ng chi c bút c a b n không?)ả ữ ế ủ ạ No, they aren’t.(Khơng, khơng ph i nh ng chi c bút c a t )ả ữ ế ủ ớ 2 Câu h i b t đ u b ng “What”ỏ ắ ầ ằ
Câu h i:ỏ What are these?(Đây gì?) / What are those?(Kia gì?)
Tr l i:ả They are (They’re) + danh t đ m đừ ế ượ ốc s nhi u.ề Ví d :ụ
What are these?(Đây gì?)
They are armchairs.(Chúng nh ng gh bành.)ữ ế What are those?(Kia gì?)
(5)Exercise.
Ex1 Đi n t thích h p vào ch tr ngề ừ ợ ỗ ố ……… was such an interesting experience a That b These c Those d Such Are ………your bags?
a That b.Them c.Those d This
3 You’ll have to get your own book ……… is mine a That b.Those c.Such d This
4 There is no end to ………
a Such b Those c This d None
5 Because of their bad marks, ……… of the students were given allowances a None b That c Those d Them
6 ………of them had watched the film before a Those b Neither c Such d This Is ………yours?
a This b Those c These d Such
8 Everyone ate early When we arrived, ………was left a That b Such c None d Neither
9 Please hand me one of ……… a That b Those c This d Such 10 ……… are beautiful
a This b That c These d Such II Đi n t thích h p vào ch tr ngề ừ ợ ỗ ố Look at … bike here
a this b that c these d those
2 …are my parents, and … people over there are my friend’s parents a this b that c these d those
3 … building over there is the City Building a this b that c these d those
4 … is my laptop and … is your laptop on the shelf over there a this b that c these d those
5 … pictures here are much better than … pictures on the website a this b that c these d those
(6)7 Are … your books here?
a this b that c these d those … bowl over there is empty a this b that c these d those
9 … wood bars over there are for your fence a this b that c these d those
10 Marry, take … newspaper and put it on the table over there a this b that c these d those
Ex 2: Đi n “that” ho c “those” vào ch tr ng.ề ặ ỗ ố Look at _ clouds I’m sure it’s going to rain Did you enjoy play? I thought it was boring Let’s cross the road taxi is free
_ flats are all very expensive, because they’re in the centre of city _ was nice! I was so hungry
Xem thêm nhi u h c b ích t iề ọ ổ ti ng anh elightế
Ex3 Chia d ng c a đ ng t “to be” đ hoàn thi n câu sau.ạ ủ ộ ừ ể ệ This……… a bag
2 Those.….my bags That ………a bird These….my pens This … her baby Those ….my children That ….his sheep Those ….my sheep This pen …blue
10 Those boxes ….empty
Ex4 Hoàn thi n nh ng câu sau b ng t g i ý.ệ ữ ằ ừ ợ This /Jacket/blue
2 That/dress/white? Books/those/big? These/your/ pictures? Babies/good/those? That/desk?
7 Those/her/oranges These /children/pretty? This/my/pencil
(7)Ex5 Complete with the right words (that, those, this or these).
1 Waiter, I'm sorry to say it but _cake you have just served me is awful
2 I met him two five hours ago _morning
3 Look at _kids playning in the garden over there; they're so cute
4 Take one of _files from that table
5 He was sitting on _rocking chair he had bought from the flea market
6 Many parents complain about their children _days Are you leaving _weekend?
8 The jeans you have bought today are better than _you bought last month
9 We used to it differently in _days 10 You know the books I am carrying are just fantastic I
think _books will keep me company during this summer holiday Ex6 Choose this, that, these or those
1 Look at _newspaper here
2 _ are my grandparents, and _people over there are my friend's grandparents
3 _ building over there is the Chrysler Building
4 _ is my mobile phone and _is your mobile phone on the shelf over there
5 _ photos here are much better than _photos on the book
6 was a great evening Are _your pencils here? bottle over there is empty
(8) ti ng anh elightế