de cuong phu dao lop 9

ĐỀ CƯƠNG HỌC KỲ II LỚP 9 I.TENSES(THÌ) Tenses Công thức Dấu hiệu Hiện tại(simple present) S(số ít /he/she/it/N/1 người/1 vật->Vs,es S(số nhiều) they,you,we,I,Ns,2 người trở lên->V Not:don’t/doesn’t+V Be:am/is/are ?do/does+s+v? Always,usually,ofen,never,sometimes,rarely, Seldom -một chân lí,một sự thật Hiện tại tiếp diễn(present progressive) S+am/is/are+ving Not:am/is/are+not+ving ?am/is/are+ving? Now,at,the,moment,at the present,look,listen ! đứng đầu câu,câu hỏi với where+be+s? Quá khứ tiếp diễn(present progressive) S+ were/was +ving Not: were/was +not+ving ? were/was +ving? While+Qktd, When+QK,QKTD At that time,all day,between…and,4 o’clock yesterday Hiện tại hoàn thành(present perfect) S+has/have+vpp(ed,cột 3) Not:s+has/have not+vpp ? Has/have+s+vpp? Since,for,already,lately,recently,manytimes, sofar,up to now,never,ever,just,this is the first /second times,yet Quá khứ(simple past) S+ved,cột 2 Not:S+didn’t+v ? Did+s+v? Be:were/was Not be:weren’t/wasn’t Last,ago,yesterday,thời gian ở quákhứ(1990) Tương lai(simple future) S+will/shall+v Not: s+will/shall not+v (Won’t/shan’t) ? will/shall+s+v? Tomorrow,next,in+khoảng thời gian(in ten days) Quá khứ hoàn thành(past perfect) S+had+vpp(ed,cột 3) Not:S+had not+vpp ? had+s+ vpp After+qkht-qk,before+qk-qkht II.The passive voice(Thể bị động):công thức tổng quát:s+be+vpp(ed,cột 3) Active Passive HT(V/Vs,es) Am/is/are+Ved,cột 3 QK(Ved,cột 2) Was/were+Ved,cột 3 HTTD(am/is/are+ving) Am/is/are+being+Ved,cột 3 QKTD(was/were+ving) Was/were +being+Ved,cột 3 HTHT(has/have+ved,cột3) Has/have+been+Ved,cột 3 TL(will/shall+v) will/shall +be+Ved,cột 3 ĐTĐB(can/could/must/have to/may/might/should/ought to)+V ĐTĐB +be +Ved,cột 3 QKHT(had+Vpp) had+been+Ved,cột 3 ☻Các bước đổi bị động: Bước 1:xác định chủ ngữ, động từ,tân ngữ Bước 2:chuyển chủ ngữ thành tân ngữ Bước 3:xác định thì dựa vào động từ áp dụng công thức bị động thêm be cho phù hợp Bước 4:đưa động từ vể dạng pp(thêm ed hoặc cột 3) Bước 5:thêm by nếu chủ ngữ là tên riêng,danh từ CHÚ Ý:CHỦ NGỮ LÀ VẬT THỊ DÙNG CÔNG THỨC BỊ ĐỘNG III.DẠNG ĐỘNG TỪ V(nguyên mẫu không to) Sau động từ đặc biệt:can/could/must/haveto/may/might/should/ ought to/will/shall,sau make,let,have(có 2 tân ngữ) Ving Avoid,like,dislike,hate,enjoy,finish,keep,mind,practice,stop,am/is/are /get used to,look forward to,have a good time,spend,busy,worth,it’s no use,sau các giới từ in,on,of,without,before,after,… VPP(ed,cột 3) Have(có 1 tân ngữ),Bị động(be+Vpp),Thì htht(have/has+Vpp) Bài tập áp dụng 1. I (not see)_______________ him since last Christmas. 1 5. They just (receive)_______________a package from their grandfather. 6. Miss Huong (teach)________________us English for 2 years. 7._________she (feed)___________________her dog yet? 8. We never (take)________________________ a bus to school before. 9. Next week, my uncle (come)_______________back home for Christmas. 10. My teacher is explaining the lesson but I (not understand)_________________what he is saying. 11. Lan (be)________________my next door neighbor when I lived in Hai Phong. 12. They usually (go)_________________fishing at weekends. 13. I (see)______________________a movie tonight. Would you like (come)_______________? 14. I prefer (walk)____________________to (go)_______________by bike. 15. Don’t (make)_______________noise. The baby (sleep)________________ 16. I don’t know where the Sao Mai movie (be)______________ 17. Her mother (give)___________________ her a new novel yesterday. 18. Ba can’t play soccer tomorrow. He (do)_____________________ his homework. 19. When I (be)_______________young. I usually (play)__________________with a kite. 20. My mother is interested in (cook)__________________, and she (cook)_________________very well. 21. The 22 nd SEA Games (take)_________________ place in my country two years ago. 22. They stopped (talk)__________________when the teacher came in. 23. It (rain)________________heavily now. 24. I (live)_________________with my parents until I went to HCM city. 25. I hope that he (win)________________ the race. 26. She (do)________________ her homework recently. 27. They (not hand)_____________________in their essay yet. 28. It is not safe (leave)_________________ medicine around the house. 29. I want (come)________________ with my mother. 30. In my country. Children (have to)_______________ wear uniform when they go to school. 31. ______________you (meet)_______________the new student yet? 32. I (lose)________________my handbag yesterday. 33. Going shopping (be)________________very interesting. 34. She already (finish)________________her homework. 35. My sister (get)__________________married next month. 36. Tomorrow (be)________________Sunday. What _________ you (do)_________? 37. The concert this evening (start)_______________at 8 o’clock. 38. I (wait)_________________for her since half past six. 39. Do you think the population of the world (rise)_________very fast? 40. In 2030, every one (study)_________________at home using computer. 41. He (fall)________________asleep while he was watching TV. 42. I enjoy (play)________________ soccer after school. 43. Don’t worry! She (come)__________________back in a few minutes. 44. Nam (talk)_______________with her many times. 45. It (rain)______________when I (wake up)_________________ 46. I (see)_______________an accident while I (drive)__________________to my office. 47. She (be)_______________happy since she had a computer. 48. They (build)________________that building for two years. 49. We often (go)_______________skiing in winter. 50. At the moment, she (read)_________________ in the library. 51. It’s a lovely day. The sun (shine)_________________ and the birds (sing)____________ 52. What she usually (do)_______________in the evening? 53. They’re going to have a party tonight. They (have)_______________ sandwiches and (drink)________champagne. 54. My brother (be)_________________15 years old next Sunday. 55. We (have)_____________________some friends to lunch tomorrow. 56. My father often (drink)________________tea after breakfast. 57. The film wasn’t very good. I (not enjoy)___________________it very much. 58. When I (see)______________you yesterday, you (sit)_________________ in a cafe. 59. He wishes he (be)__________________and acrobat. 60. The show just (begin)__________________. You are a bit late. 61.There (be)________________no rain here for 6 months. 62. I (read)_______________ the book you gave me all day, but I (not finish)_____________it yet. 63. Mary (sew)_________________ the dress for me a week ago. 64. When Peter was young, he (like)_________________ to drink coffee. 65. My younger brother (study)_______________ his lesson at the moment. 2 IV.WISH CLAUSE I.future wish(ao ước không thể xảy ra trong tương lai) S1+wish+S2+would+V(dấu hiệu: tomorrow,tonight,.next,soon,again,someday,in the future,…) II.Present wish(ao ước không thể xảy ra trong hiện tại) Ved,cột 2 S1+wish+S2+ Not(didn’t+V) Be-were V.Conditional sentences: Type (loaïi) Form I/ Real (coù thaät) If +S + V(Vs/Ves) + O, S + Will/can/shall/may + V + O *Unless = If . not(don’t/doesn’t) e.g: If I don’t go to school,I will go out. Unless I go to school,I will go out II/unreal (giả thiết không có thật) If +S +Ved/V2 +O, S + Would/ could/might/should + V + O Be->were e.g: He would pass his exam, if he studied hard. If I were you, I would learn harder Bài tập áp dụng 1. If we (run out) _____________ of oil, we (need) ____________ other kinds of energy. 2. Pollution (increase )____________ if we (use) _______________ more oil and coal. 3. If pollution (increase) ________________ , more and more trees (die)______________ 4. The climate (change_________________ if more trees (die) ____________ 5. If we (try) ____________ to control pollution, it (be)_______________ expensive. 6. if we (not control)_____________ pollution soon, It (be) _______________ too late. 7. If you need any more money I ___________ you some. 8. you can go if you _______________ 9. if the weather is fine tomorrow we ______________ for a picnic. 10. Just ask me if you _____________ any help. 11. If anyone ___________ for me while I am out tell them I’ll be back at 4 o’clock. 12. Go to bed now if you __________ tired. 13. We don’t visit you very often because you live so far away. But if you _____________________________________________________ 14. People don’t understand him because he doesn’t speak very clearly But if he _____________________________________________________________ 15. I’m not going to buy that book because it’s too expensive But if that book __________________________________________________________ 16. She doesn’t go out very often because she can’t walk without help But if __________________________________________________________________ 17. He’s fat because he doesn’t take any exercise But _________________________________________________________________ 18. If I were you I (not come) ________________ to the party. 19. It will be quicker if She (go) ______________ by plane. 20. If she comes late again, she (lose) ___________ her job. 21. I’ll give you some money if you (need) _________________ it. 22. If we (not go) ________________ to their party next week, They would be very angry. 23. I ‘d be happy if you (stop) ___________ smoking. 24. What would you do if you (be) ______________ the leader? 25. What would happen if you (not go) _____________ to work tomorrow? 26. She will stay at home if it (rain) _______________ 27. I’m sure she’ll understand the problem if you (tell )_____________ her. 28. If I (find) ______________ 100.000 note on the street, I would keep it. VI.REPORTED SPEECH(câu tường thuật)A.các dạng Direct speech Indirect speech(câu tường thuật) Mệnh lệnh 1.V+… please Ex:”sit down,please” 2.don’t +V….please S+told+0+to V He told us to sit down S+told+0+not to V 3 “don’t go out,please” He told us not go out Đề nghị can/could/will/would+you+V,please? Ex:can you help me? She said to me S+asked+O+toV(boo3can/could/will/would you) She asked me to help her Lời khuyên S+should/shouldn’t+V S1+s2+should/shouldn’t+V Câu phát biểu S+V+O Peter said ”I’m hungry now” S1+said(that)S2+V Peter said that he was hungry then. Câu hòi yes-no Can/might/could/must/should/…+S+V? Is/are+S+…? Do/does/did+s+V? S+asked+O+if/whether+S2+modals (qk) S+ asked+O+if/whether+S2+ was/were S+asked+O+if/whether+S2+Ved,cột 2(bỏ do/does) Câu hỏi bắt đầu Wh-(what- when ) Wh+Can/might/could/must/should/…+S+V? Wh+Is/are+S+…? Wh+Do/does/did+s+V? S+asked+O+ Wh+S2+modals (qk) S+ asked+O+ Wh+S2+ was/were S+asked+O+ Wh+S2+Ved,cột 2(bỏ do/does) B.ĐỔI THÌ TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP am/is/are Will Shall Can May Must/have to V(s,es) Have/has ved,cỘt 2 Was/were Would Should Could Might Had to Ved,cột 2 Had Ved,cột 2(hoặc had+Ved,cột 3) C.ĐỔI TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ TRỰC TIẾP GIÁN TIẾP Now Today Tonight Tomorrow Yesterday Last night Twodays ago Here This these Then That day Thatnight The next/following day The day before/the previous day The night before Two days before There That those Bài tập áp dụng 1. “Where is she going?” asked Tom ____________________________________________________________________ 2. “Where are you going to spend your holiday?” Minh asked me_______________________________________________________ 3. “What will you do when you are in HCM city?” Lien asked____________________________________________________________ 4. “How did you know the results” ____________________________________________________________________ 5. “Do you have an appointment?” The doctor asked_______________________________________________________ 6. “Have you seen my car keys?” Long asked Loan_______________________________________________________ 7. “Will you carry my bags for me?” Nga asked____________________________________________________________ 8. “When can I see the director?” ____________________________________________________________________ 9. “Could I have a cup of coffee?” She asked me_________________________________________________________ 10. He said “Get out of my way” ____________________________________________________________________ 11. The store detective said “Open your bag.” 4 ____________________________________________________________________ 12. She said “ Don’t go near the flame, children” ____________________________________________________________________ V.RELATIVE CLAUSE(MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ ) Chủ ngữ He/she/they Chỉ người Who/that It/they Chỉ vật Which/that Tân ngữ Him/her/them Chỉ người Whom/that Them/it Chỉ vật Which/that Sở hữu His/her/their/N’N/N of N Chỉ người whose its Chỉ vật Whose/of which Thời gian On/in+tg,then Day,time,season,year,month when Nơi chốn On/in+nc,there Place,city,town,country… where Bắt buộc dùngThat:khi có a few,a little,only,all,so sánh nhất(est,most),số thứ tự(fist,second…) Không dùng khi sau giới từ,mệnh đề không giới hạn(mđ có ,) Bài tập áp dụng 1.The house is very modern. It has a beautiful garden. ->____________________________________________________ 2.That man seem very lonely.His wife and family are away. ->___________________________________________________ 3.He is a reliable friend. I can trust him with anything. ->___________________________________________________ 4.That mountain is difficult to climb. It has many dangerous slopes. ->________________________________________________________ 5. Those prize pigeons have been stolen.They were very valuable ->___________________________________________________________ 6. our dog lucky is seven years old. He is a great favorite with the family. ->____________________________________________________________ 7. The man is coming to tea. He wrote this poem. ->____________________________________________________________ 8. my brother Jack is a pop singer. You saw him yesterday. ->____________________________________________________________ 9. The magazine is very interesting. You lent it to me. ->____________________________________________________________ 10. The dress is lovely. You are wearing it. ->____________________________________________________________ 11. Was the hat very expensive? You were wearing it yesterday. ->____________________________________________________________ 12. The restaurant always serves good food. We enjoy having dinner there. ->____________________________________________________________ 13. The man is a teacher. You spoke to him in the street. ->____________________________________________________________ 14. There is the lady. Her purse has been stolen. ->____________________________________________________________ 15. Where is the man? He sold me these sun-glasses. ->____________________________________________________________ 16. The paint on the seat is still wet. You are sitting on it. ->____________________________________________________________ 17. All the people have disliked him. I have ever met these people. ->____________________________________________________________ 18. Her father has just returned. He has been to Paris. ->____________________________________________________________ 19. Bill wants to go out with me. We saw him at the dance. ->____________________________________________________________ 20. Flies carry disease. They come mostly in the summer. ->_____________________________________________________________ 21. Swimming is a good sport. It makes people strong. ->_____________________________________________________________ 5 22. Grass is always green in England. Cows and horses love it. ->____________________________________________________________ 23. Air is made up of many gases. We breathe it. ->_____________________________________________________________ 24. Jackie Chan is a famous actor. I know his sister well. ->_____________________________________________________________ 25. The house needs mending. We are living in it. ->_____________________________________________________________ 26. This tree should be cut down. The branches of the tree are dead. ->_____________________________________________________________ 27. Tell me the reason. You left the city for it. ->_____________________________________________________________ 28. That river is not safe for swimming. Its water is polluted. ->_____________________________________________________________ 29. Can you suggest the time? We’ll meet at that time. ->_____________________________________________________________ 30. Mr Johnson is going to Spain. His daughter has been living there for 4 years. ->_____________________________________________________________ I) Fill in each blank with one suitable relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which) or relative adverb (where, when). 1) The man ____________ your mother is talking to is my English teacher. 2) Ha Long Bay is a beautiful spot ____________ thousands of tourists visit every year. 3) The students ____________are standing in front of the library is my classmates. 4) Hoa’s parents ____________ are farmers work very hard to earn their living. 5) The children like to play football ____________ is very popular in our country. 6) These are the latest news ____________ you might want to know. 7) Ba and his friends are fond of the performing animals ____________ have just come to town. 8) The beach ____________ the students are cleaning up the trash is a beautiful one. 9) The parrot ____________ can speak some words belongs to my close friend. 10) This is the best movie ____________ I have seen. 11) He is enjoys reading books ____________ are on computer science. 12) Mother’s Day is the day ____________. the children show their love to their mother. 13) Tet is a Vietnamese festival ____________ takes place in late January or early February. 14) The little girl ____________ is wearing the red dress sings beautifully. 15) Thu enjoyed her trip to Da Lat ____________ her grandparents lived long ago. 16) Lan’s parents came back to Ha Noi ____________ they visited last year. 17) They like Asian food ____________ is sold in that market. 18) Mary, ____________ sits next to me, is good at maths. 19) My office, ____________ is on the second floor of the building, is not very big. 20) That’s Jack, ____________ lives next door. VII.WORD FORM(DẠNG ĐỘNG TỪ) Hình thức Vị trí Ví dụ Noun(danh từ) 1.V+ion ance ment or/er(chỉ người) ex:educate- >education perform->performence 2.adj+ness Ex:happy->happyness 1.đứng trước động từ làm chủ ngữ 2.đứng sau động từ làm tân ngữ 3.đứng sau :a/an/the/of/many/much/a lot of 4.đứng sau tính từ sỡ hữu:my,his,her,our,their 5.đứng sau tính từ Many visitors come to v dalat every year. I can see your ttsh happyness in your 6 eyes Tính từ Noun+ful Al Ous Able Ly Y Less(mang nghĩa phủ định) Ex:beauty->beautiful 1.đứng trước danh từ 2.đứng sau các động từ,seem,be(am,is,are,was,were,get,become,feel Look,keep….) 1.It is a beautiful day N You look fashionable in this dress. Trạng từ Adj+ly Careful->carefully Chú ý: Good-well Fast-fast Hard-hard Early-early 1.đứng sau động từ thường 2.đứng ngay sau tân ngữ của động từ thường (cuối câu) I live happily on my farm I did my test carefully Bài tập áp dụng:cho dạng đúng của từ 1/Tet is the most important…………… for Vietnamese people (celebrate) 2/ During Tet people enjoy special food such as………………rice cakes (stick) 3/ Easter is a ………… festival in many countries. (joy) 4/ There have been two………………this week : flower – arranging and rice – cooking. (compete) 5/ Mary is always…………….of her parents (pride) 6/ My father is a……………… man who is loved by everyone. (consider VIII. Connectives (từ nối – liên từ) * AND (và): dùng để nối hai từ hoặc hai mệnh đề có cùng giá trò . x: Lan likes cats and dogs. * BUT (nhưng) : dùng để nối hai câu có nghóa trái ngược nhau. Ex: They have a lot of money, but they’re not very happy. * SO (vì thế, vì vậy):dùng trong mệnh đề chỉ kết quả. Nó đứng trước mệnh đề mà nó giới thiệu (so thường đứng sau dấu phẩy(,so) Ex: He’s ill, so he stays at home. * THEREFORE (vì thế) : dùng thay cho SO trong tiếng Anh trang trọng Ex: The weather was too bad. Therefore, our plan had been changed. * HOWEVER ( tuy nhiên) đứng trước hoặc theo sau mệnh đề mà nó giới thiệu hoặc nó đi sau từ hoặc cụm từ đầu tiên.Ex: I will offer my cat to Hoa. However, he may not like it. * BECAUSE (bởi vì )=since=as: dùng để chỉ lý doEx: She didn’t go to the zoo because she was ill. * BECAUSE OF(BỞI VÌ) +N/VING(khơng có chủ ngữ) * OR ( hay là, hoặc là) Ex: Is your girl tall or short ?(thường được dùng trong câu hỏi) *ALTHOUGH,THOUGH,EVENTHOUGH: dù,mặc dù:chỉ sự nhượng bộ In spite of + N/ Ving(khơng có chủ ngữ), : dù,mặc dù Despite Chú ý: -but và however dùng để nối hai ý trái ngược nhau.Nhưng but được đặt sau dấu phẩy(…,but…) còn however thường đặt đầu câu và sau có dấu phẩy(however,…) -so và therefore dùng để nối mệnh đề chỉ kết quả nhưng so được đặt sau dấu phẩy( ,so…), còn therefore thường đặt đầu câu và sau có dấu phẩy (therefore,….) Bài tập áp dụng Complete the sentences using the correct connectives : 1. Is he an actor………… a singer ? – An actor. 2. Tam got wet………………he forgot his umbrella. 3. After coming home, she cleaned the house…………….cooked dinner. 4. I enjoy learning English………………I find it very difficult. 5. She went to the theater last night……………….had a wonderful time. 6. Lan was tired………………she took a rest before continuing the work. 7. Mai failed her English test ; …………………,she had to do the test again. 8. I wear a hat………………I don’t want to be sick 9. His life was hard…………………he studied very well. 10. Which would you prefer, tea……………… coffee ? 7 XI.Making suggestionslời đề nghị S + suggest +V-ing S + suggest + S + should + V Why don’t we + V ? Shall we + V ? Let’s +V What about + V-ing ? How about + V-ing ? XII/ Prepositions and phrasal verbs 1. At + giờ/ at night,at present,at the moment,at Christmas,at Easter,at once,at last,at weekend. At home,at school 2. In + mùa,năm,tháng In my opinion,in good weather, in English 3. On + ngày,thứ On foot(đi bộ), on TV,on the internet, on radio, on the beach, 4.By (bởi) dùng trong câu bò động chỉ người gây ra hạnh động (The letter was writen by Mary) By chance: tình cờ, learn by heart: học thuộc lòng 5.since:+câu,năm,tháng mùa(dùng trong thì HTHT(has/have+Vpp) 6.For:+a/an/số(one,two….) age(dùng trong thì HTHT(has/have+Vpp) Interested in :quan tâm đến Successful in : thành công về Rich in: giầu về Confident in sb: tin cậy vào Afraid of : sợ về Fond of :thích Hopeful of : hy vọng Proud of:tự hào Joyful of : vui mừng về Next to :kế bên Similar to:tương tự Equal to: bằng Important to : quan trọng Familiarto sb: quen thuộc với ai Late for: trễ Famous for: nổi tiếng Necessary for: cần thiết Suitable for : thích hợp Sorry for: xin lỗi Useful for : có lợi Good at: giỏi về Bad at: dở về Amazed at: vui về Acquainted with :làm quen Crowded with : đông đúc Agree with : đồng ý Bored with : chán Busy with : bận Excited about: hào hứng Happy about: hạnh phúc Worried about: lo lắng Different from; khác Far from: xa Distinguish from: phân biệt Keen on :hăng hái về Defend on: phụ thuộc vào Congatulate on Give up : từ bỏ Look at : nhìn vào Look after = take care of: (sau lá từ chỉ người) chăm sóc Look for : tìm kiếm(sau lá từ chỉ vật) Look up : tra từ (trong tự điển)(word,dictionary) Look forward to : mong đợi Put on: mang vào Put off : hoãn lại Call of: hủy bỏ/ hoãn lại Participate in = take part in/ join in : tham gia vào Succeed in: thành công về Prevent st from: ngăn cản Wait for:chờ It is kind of sb: ai đó tốt Go on=continue XIII.Tag questions - §éng tõ thêng lµ trỵ ®éng tõ, nÕu ë thĨ phđ ®Þnh th× ph¶i cã d¹ng rót gän víi tõ “not” - Chđ ng÷ lu«n lµ mét ®¹i tõ cïng ng«i vµ cïng sè víi chđ ng÷. C¸ch viÕt: KhƠng not(khẳng định) Tag question:phủ định:thêm not phủ định not (khẳng định)Khơng not V do 8 Vs,es does Ved,ct 2 did Is,are Is,are Can,could,will Can,could,will *Notes: -Câu lời nói có từ phủ định nh: seldom, hardly, scarely, barely, rarely, never, no, nobody, nothing, none, neither, thì câu hỏi đuôi phải ở thể xác định e.g:No salt is allowed, is it? Lan and Nam have hardly seen each other, have they? -Chủ ngữ là: anyone, noone, nobody, someone, somebody, none, neither, ta phải dùng chủ ngữ là they e.g: Neither of them complained, did they? Someone tasted my coffee, didnt they? -Chủ ngữ là: nothing , something, everything, that ,this ta dùng chủ ngữ là it e.g: Everything will be all right, wont it ? That was a difficult question , wasnt it? Khi câu lời nói có chủ ngữ là I với dạng am (to be hiện tại xác định) thì câu hỏi đuôi phải dùng arent I e.g:: I am of your true friend, arent I? -Lets + V , shall we? e.g: Lets take a five- minute break, shall we? -Mệnh lệnh là:will you, wont you e.g: Open the door, will you? Dont sit too near the screen, will you? Sit down, wont you? IXX.NHN TRNG M1.Nhng t cú trng õm vo chớnh nú: -Bt u bng "a", phỏt õm thnh /ae/ -Bt u bng "con" phỏt õm thnh /kon/ -Bt u "e", phỏt õm /e/ -Bu ex, phỏt õm /eks/ -Bu pre, phỏt õm /pre/ -Danh t ch ng`, tn cựng l ee, eer, ese -S m tn cựng l "teen" -Hu ht nhng t tn cựng l ade, aire, ette, oon, ain, ate, oo, sque 2.Nhng t trng õm vo õm u / phn u: -Phn ln danh t v tớnh t 2 õm tit -Danh t ghộp dng adj-N ( white-house .)-Danh t ghộp dng N-Ving (paper-making .) -Cỏc i t, trng t ko xỏc nh: nobody, anyone, someone, nothing . -T cú 3 õm tit bt u bng "in" 3.Nhng t trng õm th 2 t di lờn: -Tớnh t dng N+al (environmental .) -Tớnh t tn cựng l "ic" (economic ) (tr arabic, catholic, politic, .) -Tn cựng l "ish" (tr impoverish) 9 -Tận cùng "it" (trừ benefit, admit, deficit) -Tận cùng "ity", phát âm thành /ơ-ti/ (university, ability .) -Tận cùng ia, ian, iance, ient, ious, ive, graphy, ual, uous, ial, ical, iency, itude, ental, logy, ular, sure -Danh từ tận cùng: al, ic, ment, sion, cian, ics, son, tion. 4.Âm thứ 3 từ dưới lên: -Những từ có 3, 4 âm tiết trở lên -Những động từ, danh từ đa âm tiết có tận cùng "ate, cy, ence, ent, entary, ety, fy, ical, inal, ison, ishment, ity, ize, omy, ous, ude, ular, ural, try 1.1 Quy tắc Về trọng âm câu: 1.1.1 Từ có 2 âm tiết trọng âm rơi Vào âm tiết thứ nhất: Ví dụ ‘happy, ‘dwindle 1.1.2:TuY nhiên nếu âm tiết thứ nhất là một tiền tố thì trọng âm rơi v ào âm tiết thứ 2 Ví dụ:dis’like, pro’long 1.1.3Từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên trọng âm rơi ào âm tiết thứ 3 tính từ trái sang Ví dụ ‘phi’losophy, bio’logical, . Và còn rất nhiều quY tắc nhỏ à ngoại lệ như: +Những từ tận cùng băng-ion thì trọng âm rơi ào âm tiết nga trước nó Ví dụ :transla’tion, . +Từ tận cùng bằng-ic(s)thì trọng âm rơi ào âm tiết đứng sát nga trước nó Ví dụ :auto’matic, 1.2 Quy tắc về trọng âm trong câu Các quy tắc cơ bản : + những từ thuộc về nội dung được đánh trọng âm + những từ thuộc về cấu trúc ko đánh trọng âm + khoảng thời gian cho những từ được đánh trọng âm là bằng nhau Trọng âm được coi như nhạc điệu của tiếng Anh.Giống như trọng âm trong từ,trọng âm trong câu có thể giúp bạn hiểu được người khác nói gì dễ hơn rất nhiều,đặc biệt là những người nói nhanh. Hầu hết các từ trong câu được chia làm 2 loại : +Từ thuộc về nội dung : là những từ chìa khoá của một câu.Chúng là những từ quan trọng,chứa đựng nghĩa của câu. +Từ thuộc về mặt cấu trúc : những từ không quan trọng lắm,chỉ để cho các câu đúng về mặt ngữ pháp.Nghĩa là nếu bạn bỏ qua các từ này khi nói,mọi người vẫn hiểu được ý của bạn. Vậy phân biệt 2 loại từ này như thế nào? - Từ thuộc về mặt nội dung : được đánh trọng âm,gồm có : + Động từ chính SELL, GIVE, EMPLOY + Danh từ CAR, MUSIC, MARY + Tính từ RED, BIG, INTERESTING + Trạng từ QUICKLY, LOUDLY, NEVER + Trợ động từ (t/c phủ định ) CAN''T ,DON''T - Từ thuộc về mặt cấu trúc : ko đánh trọng âm + Đại từ he, we, they + Giới từ on, at, into + Mạo từ a, an, the + Liên từ and, but, because + Trợ động từ do, be, have, can, must ***Chú ý :Đôi khi chúng ta đánh trọng âm vào những từ mà chỉ có ý nghĩa về mặt cấu trúc,ví dụ như khi chúng ta muốn sửa thông tin Ví dụ : 10 [...]... stayed b where we stayed at c at where we stayed d at which we stayed 98 The house is than the apartment a expensive b more expensive c most expensive d not expensive 99 The villa is of all a older b the oldest c old d elder 100.I opened my umbrella _ protect myself from rain a in order b in order to c Order d to order He hasnt been there _ a three years ago b since three years c during... which 91 I _ in Da Lat for six years a live b lived c to live d have lived 92 The reason Im writing to you is to inform you of the plan a which b why c for d because 93 A cat is different a dog a to b from c for d with 94 Your bag is the same _ mine a as b to c from d of 95 We that film already a see b saw c have seen d seeing 96 She hasnt met him a yet b yes c ready d already 97 ... your radio, please? Its dark far too loud A turn down B turn on C go on D turn it off 9 Study harder or you will fail the exam That means: A If you did not study harder, you will fail the exam B If you study harder, you would not fail the exam C If you do not study harder, you will fail the exam D If you studied harder, you will pass the exam 10 The picture _ I bought was very valuable A which... my life A who B that C who is D that is 29- + Its kind of you to give me a ride to school + A No, thanks B Well done C Of course D Not at all 30- + Many thanks to you, Kate + A I think so B Its a pleasure C Dont say soD All right Unit 9: NATURAL DISASTERS 1 If you are outdoors during a thunderstorm , the place to be is inside a car A- safety B- safest C- safer... B unidentified C unable D unimaginary 2 Some scientists say that flying saucers might be peoples _ A imagination B imagine C imaginative D imaginary 3 Imagine someday you would live without _ A electricity B electric C electrician D electrical 4 Tim is an child A image B imagine C imaginative D imagination 5 There is no that he has been here A evident B evidential C evidentially D evidence... : ap'prove( chp thun) => ap'proval(s chp thun) V+y : de' liver( giao hng)=> de' livery( s giao hng) V+age: pack( úng gúi ) => package( bu kin) V+ing : under'stand( thiu) => under'standing( thụng cm) adj+ness : 'bitter ( ng)=> 'bitterness( ni cay ng) Cỏc t cú trng õm nm õm tit cui l cỏc t cú tn cựng l : -ee, -eer,- ese,- ain, -aire,-ique,-esque Ex: de' gree, engi'neer, chi'nese, re'main, questio'naire(... before the football match A festival B parade C contest D program 23- His sense of humor _ him from the other students A describe B describes C distinguish D distinguishes 24- Mid Fall Festival is a _ festival for children A joy B joyful C joyless D joyfully 25- We think Mothers Day should be celebrated _ A nation B national C nationality D nationwide 26- Shall we go on working ? Yes, ... building 79 She told me you her a beautiful scarf23 Nhi asked Nga if my son _ in Quang Nam province a was b has been c is d will be 86 I havent seen you ages a in b to c for d since 87 Ive taught in this school _ 199 0 a since b for c in d at 88 My Dad for this company since 2002 a works b to work c worked d has worked 89 I wish I what to do a know b knew c have known d would know 90 They... me in studying a at/help b of/help c on/to help d of/of 26 My children are made hard a work b working c to work d works 27 When we met the film star, she smiled _ us a at b with c on d in front of 28 There are two buffalos that tree a into b with c at d under 29 The streets in the commercial district are crowded traffic a for b with c into d by 30 you want to keep fit, you should do... Everyone must take part in deforestation A prevent B preventing C to prevent D prevented 9 I suggest to the movies A go B to go C going D went 10 The made their living by fish in the ocean everyday A catch B catching C to catch D caught 11 I will be if she manages to sell that motorbike at a high price A surprise B surprised C surprising D to surprise 12 Unless you understand, I explain it again . turn it off 9. Study harder or you will fail the exam. That means: A. If you did not study harder, you will fail the exam. B. If you study harder, you would. match. A. festival B. parade C. contest D. program 23- His sense of humor _________ him from the other students. A. describe B. describes C. distinguish