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QUYỂN SÁCH TIẾNG ANH VỀ PHÂN TÍCH KHÍ MÁU ĐƠN GIẢN DỄ HIỂU NHẤT, PHÙ HỢP CHO SINH VIÊN, BÁC SĨ . PHÂN TÍCH KHÍ MÁU LÀ ĐIỀU BẮT BUỘC PHẢI BIẾT ĐỐI VỚI SINH VIÊN Y KHOA, BÁC SĨ, SÁCH MÔ TẢ NGẮN GỌN NHƯNG RẤT DỄ HIỂU VÀ DỄ DÀNG ỨNG DỤNG LÂM SÀNG, NÊU RÕ CƠ CHẾ VÀ TÌNH HUỐNG RÕ RÀNG, KHIẾN CHO VIỆC PHÂN TÍCH KHÍ MÁU TRỞ NÊN ĐƠN GIẢN NHẤT CÓ THỂ
lain A M Hennessey MBCha (Ho,n)'" Senior House Officer, Ne()nol] is currently adcquate, 1m: p.ltient may require ventilatory support if he deteriorates further ('r tires from the increased work of breathing Finally, the ABG also shows a high glucose and low calcium concentration - both of which are adverse prognostic fadors in acute pancreatitis Th£ patient should be transferred immediately to a critical care ('TWlronment for intensive moniloring and supportive treatment 129 ANSWERS CAS022 I Mild type re~1ofy impairment ft)51 bkarlxmiltc (HCO:J) balance In add-base balance 28, 29 tr'I chronic hypen:apnia 22 ind~is4B in hypt'l"'Cl\lilatiofl24 in metabolic ilcidosis 36 In mebbohc llkalosis 38 in respiIilIOry impairmt'Tlt 23, 25 blood samples handling 46 venous ll$ arterial blood 44, 101 5, J3l buffers 26 caldum concentration, plasmil IOf\ised (iCa) common values 51 low 78-9, 98-9,119, 129 carbon dw,xidc (CO~ effect of shunting 15 elimination and alveolar ventilation 13 in pulmorulry gas ~ "6 carbotl dio~de partial prt'Slrurt' (PCOz)5 in air in arterial blood (POlWJ.l common values 50 III diagnosis 48 IDCrcased Ul metabohc alkalosis 38 in mixed acidoW 41 r'l'a'ptocs 6, in respiratOf)' addosi~! alkalosis 40 in re6piratory irnpairmcnl20 22 and VIQ mismatch 14 common values 50 and H' ;on remo.:al2B in rt'5J>iraloX)' iJnpainnerlt 23, 25 carboft monoxide poisoning 80-1, 110 cardiac arrest %-7, 128 chloride (CI") ions in met.moltc alkalosis 38 pIa5ma Jeoveis oommon values for: 31 chronic ob!;tructive pulmonary dISeaSe 66-9, 72-5, lJ3-14, rt6-17 CI ion~ sef' chloride iOllS compensation '19,32-3 full ~ partial 32, 33 In metabolic alkalosis 38 (en predicting 34 respiratory tIS metabolic 54 COIltraindicat;om to ABC anal}"sis43 diabetes rnelhluis type 86-7 113 type 60-1, J 10 diabettc ketoacidosis 32 86-7, J2J diagnosis ABC in 46, 49 disordeP.l of l\Cid-base balance 36-t disorders of g3S exchange 18 25 dJuretic drugs 38 INDl'X hydrogen ions (H') e1ec:trol)'be rq>laCl'.ment therapy IJl) eodotracheal intubation 16, 17 exh.a~ gas composition during respiration cycle 13 effec:t of shunting 15 fan" masks, oxygen deli'.(>I')' 16, 1; FiO" s« o.w.ygen concentration in ,nspired air nuid replaC'm'Ol.'nt therapy 130 gas exchange disorders 18-25 sununary2S g.u exchangE', pulmonary assessment 52-3 basics 4-17 defLnition glUCO!lt', fa."iting plasma ~e1s, (OlllU'lOn values for 51 H' ions s« hydrogen tons (W) hilemoglobin (Hb) plasma ronct'nlration rommon values 51 haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SOJ8-11 in arterial bkx>d (~8, SO fal5ely high 81, 120 and V/Q mismatch 14 common values 50 lncrelO5e with tr.msfusion/lron supplements 82-3, 121 HeOl ba\:lnce U'l bicarl:>onate (HCO;J balance rommon valUl"'li 50 generation 28 in pH ZJ ~~211 hypercapnia aS5eSSment of 5Il?'-"erily 52 chronic t'S ocutt! clinical signs 23 in obesity no in respiratory impilIrmcnt 22 hypen::hlQr.lcmic itd~s 90-1,125 hyperventilation 12, 14,24,25,58-9, 109 in adrenallnsuffidcncy 94-5,127 causes 24 in diabetic kdoacidOSlS 86 7, 123 diagnosis 48 in mesenteric ischaemia 84 5,122 and metabolic acidosis 36 in methanol poisoning 88 9, 124 p;ychogcnic:M, 78 9, 11.'J in renal tubular aodOl>is 90-1 l25 in ~\icylate poOwning 92-3, 126 hyponatf;W'mja~, 127 hypme.aemia 96-7, 118 1ll anaMtia 82-3 asst'$SIr\eJlt of $t'\"erily 52 definition 18 ~ 10 :maemia 127 ~ere80-l, 120 h:.poxia 18, 19 hypm.ic respiration 36 Nil.' ions Ii!« 5Qdium (Nj,°) >OOS nJ~1 prongs 16, 17 ladnte C(IfJUnOfl values for 51 lactic lIC1dosis 37 III iIoCUle paf\C1'e'antis 98-9,11" In cardiac arrnt 96-7, 128 itl mescnlt>rlc ischaemia 8~'; 122 obtsity 60-1, 1]0 optold lonc:'ly 64-5 112 olC)'g.:n 10::) Cllncefltrahoo in inspired air (FiOJ 16 mC"enlcric isoehaemia 84 5, III md:,lbolic acidosIS 30, 36 in aC\ll~ pilrlCrt"ltilis 98-9 129 in adrmallll5utficioency 9+-5.717 anicon gap In 39 asst'SSID('flt of wveritr 54 definition 36 in diabetic keloacidosis 86-7, 123 d,agnosili 4B hyperventilation in 24 in meseoto"!ric iso:) gen oxygen partial pre5SUIl:' (PO.z) in air In arterial blood (PdoJ iilfId ah-ro1ar ventilation 12-161: common values SO in diagnosis 48 III lmxed aodOSIS 41 in oxyhllemoglobill dissociation 10-11 -' in respiratn'y unpairmetlt20 common vllues 50 in oxyhaemoglobi.n dis'iOCiiltiOll 10 11 in respiratory impainnenl 25 o")'gemrion 8-11 and ah"eOl.1r vmtilatim> lJ impaired ~~ in clequale 18 INDEX and oxygen coocentnltion 1f\ inspired air (FiOiI16 oxyhaemoglobin dis5ocialion curve 10-11 in respiratory impairment 20 PlfCO:! s« carbon dIoxide pam",1 pl1'S9ure, in arterial blood pancreatitis, acute 98-9, J29 P.tOz Sn! oxygen partial pressure, in artedal blood p.lrtW ~\tres5 sn /il$o carbon dioxide parti.1.1 pressun>; oxygen partial pnossure Pcoz ~ arbon dioxide partial ".,.,."~ pH blood rommon values 50 in diagnosis 48 IlOrmal26 in respiratory impairment 2J dl!!inition ?J ~le27 _ al$() acid-baSt' balance pickwidian syndrome ItO pneum.orua, aspiration 70-1.115 pOz!# oxygen partial pressure potassium (K') ions in metabolic alkalosis 38 plasm", levels, common values fO!" 51 psychogenic hyperventiiatiOfl 24, 78-9,119 pu1mQnlIry ~lism 62-3, 106-7, 111,13J pulmonary gas exchange us smnent 52-3 bilSics 17 definition pulge ox.imetry 8, 59, 109 pylork stCl'l(tiis 102-3, 131 radial artery sampling 44-5 local atllH':5l1wtic 43 wrist position 45 renal mechanisms in metabolic alkalosis 38 pH maintenaru:e 28, 29 renal tubular addaMs, type I 90-7, 125 respiratory acidosis 30, 40 in chronk obslmctive pulmona.f)' ~ 72-5, It4,1J617 chronic us acute 40 COOlpeOS3tedJ2,33 mixed with metabolic acic:b;is " in opkrid toxicity 64-5, 112 in I)"e' diabetes 6O J, no resp;ratory alkalosis 30, 40 in anaemia 82-3,121 in