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ĐỌC HIỂU CHỌN A, B, C, D READING 1: Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets? For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish – brown to sand – color and nearly white One form even has vivid purple tentacles Usually the creatures are cucumber – shaped – hence their name – and because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate-feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself It major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked; it squirts all its internal organs into the water It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will the same if surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss? A The reason for the sea cucumber’s name B What makes the sea cucumber unusual C How to identify the sea cucumber D Places where the sea cucumber can be found Question 2: The word “bizarre” is closest meaning to… A odd B marine C simple D rare Question 3: According to the passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important? A It helps them to digest their food B It helps them to protect themselves from danger C It makes it easier for them to move through the mud D It makes them attractive to fish Question 4: The words “this faculty” refers to the sea cucumber’s ability to… A squeeze into crevices B devour all available food in a short time C suck up mud or sand D live at a low metabolic rate Question 5: The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses A the reproduction of sea cucumbers B the food sources of sea cucumbers C the eating habits of sea cucumbers D threats to sea cucumbers’ existence Question 6: The phrase “casts off” is closest in meaning to… A grows again weapon B grabs C gets rid of D uses as a Question 7: Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water? A A touch pollution B food C unusually warm water D READING 2: Human memory, formerly believed to be rather inefficient, is really more sophisticated than that of a computer Researchers approaching the problem from a variety of points of view have all concluded that there is a great deal more stored in our minds than has been generally supposed Dr Wilder Penfield, a Canadian neurosurgeon, proved that by stimulating their brains electrically, he could elicit the total recall of specific events in his subjects’ lives Even dreams and other minor events supposedly forgotten for many years suddenly emerged in detail The memory trace is the term for whatever is the internal representation of the specific information about the event stored in the memory Assumed to have been made by structural changes in the brain, the memory trace is not subject to direct observation but is rather a theoretical construct that we use to speculate about how information presented at a particular time can cause performance at a later time Most theories include the strength of the memory trace as a variable in the degree of learning, retention, and retrieval possible for a memory One theory is that the fantastic capacity for storage in the brain is the result of an almost unlimited combination of interconnections between brain cells, stimulated by patterns of activity Repeated references to the same information support recall Or, to say that another way, improved performance is the result of strengthening the chemical bonds in the memory Question 1: Compared with a computer, human memory is A more complex B more limited C less dependable D less durable Question 2: The word “that” refers to A the computer B the efficiency C the sophistication D the memory Question 3: According the passage, researchers have concluded that A the mind has a much greater capacity for memory than was previously believed B the physical basis for memory is clear C different points of view are valuable D human memory is inefficient Question 4: How did Penfield stimulate dreams and other minor events from the past? A By surgery B By electric stimulation C By repetition D By chemical stimulation Question 5: The word “elicit” is closest in meaning to A prove B prevent C cause D reject Question 6: According to the passage, the capacity for storage in the brain A can be understood by the examining the physiology B is stimulated by patterns of activity C has a limited combination of relationship D is not influenced by repetition Question 7: The word “bonds” means… A promises B agreements C connections D responsibilities Question 8: All of the following are true of a memory trace EXCEPT that A it is probably made by structural changes in the brain B it is able to be observed C it is a theoretical construct D it is related to the degree of recall READING 3: Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the Earth’s waters that are caused by the Moon’s and Sun’s forces of gravity acting on the Earth It is important to distinguish natural tidal phenomena from huge tsunamis , with the latter being caused by earthquakes and undersea volcanic eruptions The Moon is a main factor controlling ordinary tides At the location on the Earth closest to the Moon, it exerts a powerful gravitational pull on the water The resulting rise in the water produces higher tides The water on the side of the Earth farthest away from the Moon also gets pulled by this lunar gravity, but not as strongly The Earth itself has its own gravitational force that is constantly pulling waters downward, which is why the oceans not simply bulge out toward the Moon Ordinary tides usually feature high and low waters alternating in relation to the Earth’s rotation Most shores around the world have high waters and two low waters for each day, which last about 24 hours and 50 minutes The difference in height between the high water and low water is called the range of tide, and it can be quite dramatic in narrower bays Canada’s bays of Fundy , for example , commonly experiences the world’s most extreme tidal ranges , with daily differences of the 16 meters Two other types of tides are influenced by the Sun, which is much farther away from the Earth and exerts less than half of the Moon’s gravitational force When the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are directly in line, the solar and lunar gravitational forces add up to produce higher spring tides The range of spring tides is intensified, with higher water marks and lower low water marks However, when the Moon is in the first or third quarter, it is at a 90–degree angle with the Sun in relation to the Earth The opposing solar and lunar forces partially cancel each other out, and the result is a lower tide This is called a neap tide, which comes twice a month and has lower high water marks and higher low water marks The range of neap tides is minimum Some tides not occur over water at all The solid body of the Earth has slight elasticity, so lunar and solar gravity cause it to stretch very subtly These changes in the Earth’s shape, although imperceptible to humans, are known as Earth tides Another tidal phenomenon, atmospheric tides, is caused by the Sun’s heating of the Earth’s atmosphere Like ordinary tides, they usually occur over 12–hour periods Question 1: Why does the author mention tsunamis in the passage? A To explain that not all tides are caused by gravity B To give an example of an extreme tidal phenomenon C To show that they are not related to natural tides D To suggest that more categories for tides area needed Question 2: The word exerts in paragraph is closest in meaning to A mixes with B bring into use C infers from D connects with Question 3: What can be inferred about Canada’s Bay of Fundy ? A It may experience tsunamis because of its extreme tides B It may have a longer tide cycle because of its wide variations C It may be very narrow because it has wide tidal variations D It may be influenced more by gravity than other places Question 4: The word imperceptible in the last paragraph could best be replace by A not noticeable B difficult to explain D not able to be said C not generally Question 5: What is true about the Moon’s gravitational force? A It pulls water on the far side of the Earth more strongly B It is more than twice as powerful as that of the Sun C It has reduced gravity when it is lined up with the Sun and the Earth D Its force is strongest when it is located at 90 degrees to the Earth Question 6: Besides ordinary tides, how many other types of tide are mentioned in the passage ? A two B three C four D five Question 7: Which of the following does not relate to Ordinary Tides ? A Receiving greatest influence from the Moon B Influenced by the Sun’s position relative to the Moon C Taking turns the higher and lower water relating to the Earth’s rotation D Having the striking range of tide in narrower bays READING 4: Charles Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902 but was raised on a farm in Minnesota, where his father was elected to the U.S Congress in 1907 From then on, he spent his boyhood alternately in Washington, D.C Detroit, and Little Falls, Minnesota Because Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent, in 1921 he was admitted to the University of Wisconsing to study engineering However, the young man was seeking more challenging endeavors, and two years later he became a stunt pilot who performed feats at county fairs and public assemblies This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off handsomely in the sense that it allowed him to gain a diverse and well–rounded experience in aeronautics He particularly delighted in what he called “wing–walking” and parachute jumping After a year of training as a military cadet, Lindbergh completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class and earned the rank of captain Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St Louis, Missouri, offered him employment as a mail pilot to run the routes between St Louis and Chicago, and Lindbergh retained his position with the company until 1927 During this period, he set out to win the Raymond B Orteig prize of $25,000 to be awarded to the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris This ambition would irreversibly change his life and accord him a prominent place in the history of aviation Embarking on the greatest adventure of his time, Lindbergh left Roosevelt Field at 7:52 A.M on May 20, 1927, and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5:24 P.M the next day Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived, Lindbergh carried letters of introduction to dignitaries in Paris, but when his plane came to a stop, he was overwhelmed by tremendous welcoming crowds He was decorated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium, and President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser, the Memphis, to bring him back, His accomplishments in aeronautics brought him more medals and awards than had ever been received by any other person in private life Question 1: Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A A Benchmark Adventure in Aeronautics of Charles Lindbergh C Groundbreaking Events in Aviation B The Early Life D Charles Lindbergh’s Explorations Question 2: According to the passage, Lindbergh did not complete his degree because he A opted for the life of an exhibition pilot B pursued training in the military C was seeking a sedentary life–style D set out to win recognition Question 3: The word “handsomely” is closest in meaning to A honorably B handily C well D in time Question 4: The word “undertaking ” refers to… A studying at the university B exhibiting mechanical talents C seeking challenging endeavors D performing feats Question 5: The author of the passage implies that Lindbergh’s job with Robertson Aircraft Corporation A required regular intercity flights B was not intended as long–term employment C required him to perform dangerous flights D necessitated his running long distances Question 6: According to the passage, how old was Lindbergh when he carried out his challenging flight? A Twenty–one B Twenty–three C Twenty–four D Twenty–five Question 7: The author of the passage implies that Lindbergh did not anticipate becoming a A pilot B celebrity C mail carrier D army captain Question 8: A paragraph following the passage would most probably discuss A the development of commercial and military aviation B the reaction of the government to Lindbergh’s flight C the effect of instant celebrity on Lindbergh D Lindbergh’s aircraft and engine modifications READING 5: The ruined temples of Angkor are perhaps one of the most impressive Seven Wonders of the World Located in modern day Cambodia near Lake Tonle Sap, the largest freshwater lake in Asia, Angkor was the seat of power for the Khmer Empire for the ninth to the fifteenth century The ruins of Angkor are documented as some of the most impressive ones in the world, rivaling the pyramids of Giza in Egypt Why this mighty civilization died out is a question that archeologists are now only beginning to ponder The answer, it turns out, may be linked with the availability of fresh water One possible explanation for the downfall of the Khmer Empire has to with the inhabitant’s irrigation system The temples and palaces of Angkor were constructed around a series of artificial reservoirs and canals which were annually flooded to capacity by the Mekong River Once filled, they were used to irrigate the surrounding paddies and farmland during the course of the year Farmers were completely dependent on the water for water crucial rice crop Without consistent irrigation, the farmers would have been unable to maintain functional crop production Scientists speculate that toward the end of the Khmer Empire the hydraulic system of the reservoirs and canals broke down The construction of hundreds of sandstone temples and palaces required an enormous amount of physical labor In addition, as the capital of Khmer Empire, Angkor contained upwards of one hundred thousand people who resided in and around Angkor In order to feed so many people, the local farmers were driven to grow food more quickly and more efficiently After centuries of continual use, the irrigation system was pushed beyond its capacity Soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and loss of water led to decrease in the food supply With the less food available, the people of Angkor slowly began to migrate to other parts of Cambodia, thus leaving the marvelous city of Angkor to be swallowed by the jungle Therefore, it is speculated that the Khmer Empire may have fallen victim to its own decrepit infrastructure Question 1: The passage preceding most likely discusses A architecture of ancient Asian civilization B religious practices of the people of Angkor C the form of government practiced by the Khmer Empire D the other six wonders of the world Question 2: According to the passage, Lake Tonle Sap in Cambodia A was unable to supply fish for the people of Angkor B is one of the Seven Wonders of the World C is an enormous body of fresh water in Asia D became polluted due to a population explosion Question 3: The word “seat” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A battle B summit C location D chief Question 4: The hydraulic system of reservoirs A supplied irrigation from the Indian Ocean B helped transport the sandstone for constructing temples C were destroyed by nearby warrior’s tribes D became non–functional due to overuse Question 5: The word “artificial” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A man–made B numerous C natural Question 6: The word “they” in paragraph refers to D insincere A reservoirs and canals B temples and palaces C rice paddles D farmland Question 7: All of the following are mentioned as events that can affect food supply EXCEPT A reduction of nutrients B contamination of soil C loss of water supply D erosion of soil READING 6: The quest for sustainable sources of energy study the energy has led humans to study the energy potential of the sun and the wind, as well as the immense power created by dammed rivers The oceans, too, represent an impressive source of potential energy For example, it has been estimated that the oceans could provide nearly 3,000 times the energy generated by hydroelectric dams such as the Hoover Dam Yet, this source remains quite difficult to exploit But this challenge has not prevented scientists from trying Within the last few decades, several technologies that can transform the ocean’s immense forces into usable electricity have been invented and introduced Some focus on capturing the power of the changing tides, while others rely on thermal energy created by oceans in certain tropical regions However, the most common and easiest-to-develop technologies are those designed to harness the power inherent in the ocean’s waves There are several methods by which ocean-wave energy can be collected All of them work because the movement of the water that the waves induce creates storable energy by directly or indirectly driving a power generator In one such technology, the changing water levels in the ocean that are produced by waves lift a long floating tube comprised of many sections connected by hinges As the sections move up and down with the water, they pump a special fluid through the tube that can be used to drive a generator Another technique works on a similar principle, only the floating object rocks back and forth with the motion of the water instead of up and down A third method of collecting wave energy relies on the rising water from the waves to compress air in a partially submerged chamber As the waves rush into the chamber, they push the air out through a narrow tunnel Located inside this tunnel is a turbine connected to a power generator The movement of the air turns the turbine, which feeds energy into the generator The drawback to each of these concepts is that the they make it necessary to have many pieces of machinery linked together This presents a problem because the larger the device, the more vulnerable it is to damage from hazardous ocean environments, and the more likely it is to interfere with otherwise unspoiled coastal scenery Also, these methods demand the construction of site-specific machines that take into consideration average local wave heights and sea conditions Such a requirement can be quite cost-prohibitive, because engineers must create unique power generation mechanism for each site In other words, the ability to get power from waves differ from region to region Japan, Norway, and the UK have attempted to generate energy by capturing the power of ocean waves In northern Scotland, the first power plan to use wave power, OSPREY ( Ocean Swell Powered Renewable Energy ), began operating in 1995 It followed the principle of the third method described above : waves entering a partially submerged chamber pushed air into turbines to generate electricity The electricity was then transmitted to power collectors in the shore via underwater cables Unfortunately, the OSPREY plant was destroyed in a large storm, highlighting an unavoidable difficulty associated with this kind of power generation The potential benefits of wave-based energy are hard to ignore Once the proper machinery is produced and installed, the energy is free Maintenance cost are small, and the equipment does not pose any threats of environmental pollution And best of all, the amounts of energy produced are enormous However, these theoretical advantages have yet to be fully realized In many cases, a lack of government funding has inhibited the technologies from advancing For example, despite the relative abundance of proposed wave-power devices, many have not been adequately tested, and most have been evaluated only in artificial pools where they are not subjected to the harsh marine conditions that exist in actual Dẫn chứng: These nitrates have optical and chemical properties that are completely different from those of the originally dry dust particles =>Chọn B Question A Có thể suy từ “retain” [ giữ gìn/ trì ] đoạn gần nghĩa với A giữ lấy B C tăng D cần Dẫn chứng: A key change in the properties of the newly formed nitrate particles is that they begin to absorb water and retain the moisture =>Chọn A Question B Ở đoạn văn thứ 3, thuật ngữ “ wild card” có nghĩa gì? A Một quân ván B Một vật khơng biết tính tốn nhà khoa học C Một lượng lớn bụi axit D A, B C không Dẫn chứng: These wet particles can scatter and absorb sunlight-presenting climate modelers, who need to know where the energy is going , a new wild card to deal with =>Chọn B READING 35: Question C Mối quan hệ địa lý Basin Range Province Great Basin gì? A Great Basin phía tây Basin Great Province B Great Basin lớn Basin Great Province C Great Basin phần phía bắc Basin Great Province D Great Basin địa hình núi; Basin Great Province sa mạc phẳng Dẫn chứng: What geologists call the Basin and Range Province in the United States roughly coincides in its northern portions with the geographic province known as the Great Basin =>Chọn C Question D Theo đọc, Great Basin thiếu gì? A tuyết B khơng khí khơ C gió từ phía tây D lối tiếp cận với đại dương Dẫn chứng: The Great Basin is hemmed in west by the Sierra Nevada and on the east Line by the Rocky Mountains; it has no outlet to the sea =>Chọn D Question A Từ “prevailing” [ phổ biến/ thịnh hành] gần nghĩa với A thường xuyên B thường xuyên C nhẹ nhàng/ dịu dàng D nguy hiểm Prevailing = most frequently Dẫn chứng: The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west =>Chọn A Question B Từ “it” ám đến A.Thái Bình Dương B khơng khí C phía tây D Great Basin Dẫn chứng: Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra NevadA =>Chọn B Question B Tại tác giả đề cập đến dương liễu? A Để minh họa định yêu cầu nước B Để đưa ví dụ mà sống sót mơi trường khó khăn C Để cho thấy vẻ đẹp quang cảnh Great Basin D Để đánh giá có nhiều sinh vật sống Great Basin trước Dẫn chứng:It is, therefore, an environment in which organisms battle for survival Along the rare watercourses, cottonwoods and willows eke out a sparse existence =>Chọn B Question B Từ “ the former” [ trước] ám đến A Hồ Bonneville B Hồ Lohontan C Hồ Great Salt D Hồ Pyramid Dẫn chứng: The two largest of the ancient lakes of the Great Basin were Lake Lahontan and Lake Bonneville The Great Salt Lake is all that remains of the latter, and Pyramid Lake is one of the last briny remnants of the former =>Chọn B Question D Theo đọc, thời kỳ băng hà thường mang lại A hình thành sa mạc B khí hậu ấm C thung lũng bị sụp đổ D thời tiết ẩm Dẫn chứng: Climatic changes during the Ice Ages sometimes brought cooler, wetter weather to mid latitude deserts worldwide, including those of the Great Basin =>Chọn D READING 36: Question D Tại tác giả so sánh rừng mưa nhiệt đới rạng san hô đoạn văn 1? A Chúng có kích thước gần B Chúng có nhiều loại tương tự C Hầu hết cư dân chúng cần nước D Cả hai có nhiều hình thức đời sống khác Dẫn chứng: Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life =>Chọn D Question D Từ “bias” ( định kiến) gần nghĩa với A quan tâm B bất lợi C thái độ D định kiến Dẫn chứng: Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues =>Chọn D Question A Đoạn văn gợi ý hầu hết lồi rừng mưa nhiệt đới A trùng B vi khuẩn C động vật có vú D chim Dẫn chứng: The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem uprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species =>Chọn A Question A Từ “ there” ám đến A biển B rừng mưa nhiệt đới C D bề mặt Trái Đất Dẫn chứng: If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the seA Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there =>Chọn A Question A Tác giả cho đời sống biển đa dạng đời sống rừng mưa A nhiều lồi tầng lớp đời sống diện biển B có q nhiều trùng để tạo nên khác biệt có nghĩa C nhiều lồi trùng q nhỏ để phân chia vào phân loại khác D dạng đời sống biển tái sinh sản với tốc độ nhanh Dẫn chứng: If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the sea =>Chọn A Question D Loài sau khơng đề cập ví dụ đời sống biển cực nhỏ A bọt biển B san hô C biển D tôm Dẫn chứng: Every spoonful of ocean water contains life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more =>Chọn D Question B Kết luận sau mà đọc ủng hộ? A.Đời sống biển có tính thích nghi cao B Càn ý nhiều đến việc giữ gìn lồi sinh vật biển mơi trường sống biển C Đời sống biển chủ yếu bao gồm thực vật D Biển có khả chịu đựng cao tàn phá nhân tố ô nhiễm gây rA =>Chọn B Question B Từ “ dominant” ( thống trị/ vượt trội/ chủ yếu) gần nghĩa với A.kiêu ngạo B chính/ chủ yếu C bất lực D lạ =>Chọn B READING 37: Question 1.B Chủ đề đọc gì? A Kế hoạch James Madison’s tạo kết cấu bền vững cho phủ Mỹ B Sự khơng thỏa hiệp hội nghị lập pháp thương lượng sau C Những khác biệt dân số quyền lực có liên quan bang D Những điểm quan trọng kế hoạch tiểu bang =>Chọn B Question A Theo đọc, có bạn có mặt Hội nghi lập pháp? Dẫn chứng: Fifty-five delegates representing all thirteen states except Rhode Island attended the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia from May to September 1787 =>Chọn A Question D Có thể suy từ đọc điều khoản Liên minh A đa số đoàn đại biểu hội nghị ủng hộ B xem xét trình bày kế hoạch bang rộng lớn C cho phép bang nhỏ thống trị bang lớn D cung cấp khoảng tuần cho trung ương Dẫn chứng: The delegates had been instructed by the Continental Congress to revise the old Articles of Confederation, but most believed that a stronger central government was needed =>Chọn D Question B Theo đọc, năm 1787 bang có người A.Virginia B Dealaware C New York D New Jersey Dẫn chứng: Virginia was by far the most populous state, with twice as many as people as New York, four times as many as New Jersey, and ten times as many as Delaware =>Chọn B Question C Cụm từ “ kế hoạch này” ám đến A Kế hoạc bang nhỏ B Một kế hoạch đề xuất quan lập pháp quốc gia C Kế hoạch bang rộng lớn D.Kế hoạch thương thuyết Dẫn chứng:The leader of the Virginia delegation, James Madison, had already drawn up a plan for government, which became known as the Large State Plan Its essence was that congressional representation would be based on population It provided for two or more national executives The smaller states feared that under this plan, a few large states would lord over the rest =>Chọn C Question D Từ “ shrewd” (thông minh, sáng suốt) gần nghĩa với Practical: thực tế Unfair: không công Important: quan trọng Clever: thông minh Dẫn chứng: The delegates hammered out an agreement known as the Great Compromise- actually a bundle of shrewd compromises =>Chọn D Question B Ý không đề cập đọc điều khoản Thương thuyết lớn? A.Sẽ có lãnh đạo cấp cao quốc gia B Tổng thống bầu chọn bầu cử phổ thơng C Mỗi bang có hai thượng nghị sĩ D Quốc hội chia thành hai phần Dẫn chứng: They decided that Congress would consist of two houses The larger states were granted representation based on population in the lower house, the House of Representatives The smaller states were given equal representation in the upper house, the Senate, in which each state would have two senators regardless of population It was also agreed that there would be a single executive, the president =>Chọn B READING 38: Question A Theo đọc, nhà khoa học đại nên quan tâm nhiều đến A hậu khám phá ông B nghiên cứu C vận dụng gen D phát triển ý tưởng Dẫn chứng: A scientist can no longer ignore the consequences of his discoveries; =>Chọn A Question A Từ “it” đoạn ám đến A việc cấy gen B thành tựu C chế di truyền D tính chân thật/ thật Dẫn chứng: As a result of recent discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms, genetic engineering, by which human traits are made to order, may soon be a reality As desirable as it_may seem to be, such an accomplishment would entail many value judgments =>Chọn A Question D Bài đọc ngụ ý công nghệ gen A thay đổi tồn tính cách người B khơng đáng khao khát nước C khao khát đời D có nhiều hại lợi Dẫn chứng: In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the desirability of the change is obvious, but the possibilities for social misuse are so numerous that they may far outweigh the benefits =>Chọn D Question D Đại từ “they” đoạn ám đến A khả thiếu sót gen B trường hợp lỗi gen C khám phá liên quan đến chế di truyền D ảnh hưởng lạm dụng công nghệ gen Dẫn chứng: In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the desirability of the change is obvious, but the possibilities for social misuse are so numerous that they may far outweigh the benefits =>Chọn D Question D Từ “ which” đoạn ám đến A sản phẩm bỏ đưa vào môi trường B ô nhiễm môi trường nghiêm trọng C hoạt động tải dân số D hoạt động nên công nghiệp xã hội dân số tải Dẫn chứng: A rise in population necessitates an increase in the operations of modern industry, the waste products of which increase the pollution of air, water, and soil =>Chọn D Question A Theo đọc, để cứu lấy hành tinh chúng ta, nhà sinh học nên làm việc A.với nhà khoa học xã hội khác B xác khách quan C mục đích trị xã hội D ngày chăm Dẫn chứng: Although the solutions to these and many other problems are yet to be found, they indicate the need for biologists to work with social scientists and other members of society in order to determine the requirements necessary for maintaining a healthy and productive planet =>Chọn A Question C Ý sau gần nghĩa với từ “ ramifications” ( hậu xấu) đoạn 4? A.những kỹ thuật có hiệu B phát triển C hậu có hại D thí nghiệm hữu ích Dẫn chứng: For although many of man's present and future problems may seem to be essentially social, political, or economic in nature, they have biological ramifications that could affect the very existence of life itself =>Chọn C Question D Mục đích tác giả đọc là? A.Để thúc giục nhà sinh học giải vấn đề tải dân số B Để tiến hành khảo sát vài trò nhà sinh học xã hội C Để khuyên nhà sinh học tiến hành nghiên cứu mở rộng vào công nghệ gen D Để nhấn mạnh vai trò nhà sinh học việc giải vấn đề giới READING 39: Question A Bài đọc chủ yếu nói nội dung gì? A Công việc nghiệp George Washington Carver B Nghiên cứu tiến hành viện Tuskegee C Tiến khoa học tổng hợp D Việc sử dụng thực vật nguồn dinh dưỡng =>Chọn A Question B Từ “ step” ( bước) đoạn thay tốt A dấu chân B hành động C cân D cầu thang Dẫn chứng: Carver‘s first step was to analyze plant parts to find out what they were made of [ Bước tiến/ hành động Carver phân tích phận thực vật để tìm chúng làm từ ] =>Chọn B Question D Theo đọc, hóa hữu định nghĩa A kết hợp hóa học luyện kim B nghiên cứu hóa học đất C nghiên cứu mối quan hệ ánh sáng mặt trời lượng D phát triển sản phẩm công nghiệp từ cá sản phẩm nông nghiệp Dẫn chứng:The branch of chemistry that studies and finds ways to use raw materials from farm products to make industrial products is called chemurgy =>Chọn D Question C Cụm từ “ getting credit” đoạn thay tốt A chịu trách nhiệm B kiếm tiền C giành khen ngợi/ ca tụng/ đề cao) D quảng cáo Dẫn chứng: Carver never cared about getting credit for the new products he createD [ Carver chưa quan tâm đến việc tiếng sản phẩm mà ông tạo ra] =>Chọn C Question A Tại tác giả đề cập đến lời đề nghị Thomas Edition với Carver A Để minh họa hội Carver B Để phát thảo giàu có đối thủ cạnh tranh Carvers C Để tương phản đóng góp Edison với đóng góp Carver D Để miêu tả phụ thuộc Carver vào hỗ trợ công nghiệp Dẫn chứng: He turned down many offers to leave Tuskegee Institute to become a rich scientist in private industry Thomas Edison, inventor of the electric light, offered him a laboratory in Detroit to carry out food research =>Chọn A Question A Việc sau không thảo luận đọc công việc mà Carver làm? A.Nghiên cứu điện B Phân tích phận C Phát minh sản phẩm D Nghiên cứu bệnh Dẫn chứng: Carver‘s first step was to analyze plant parts to find out what they were made of =>loại B Carver was one of the first and greatest chemurgists of all time =>loại C As an authority on plant diseases – especially of the fungus variety – Carver sent hundreds of specimens to the United States Department of Agriculture =>Chọn A Question B Một quan tâm Carver gần giống với sau cá nguyên nhân gần đây? A thuốc phòng bệnh B việc tái chế vật liệu cũ C bảo tồn nhà cũ D ngăn cản tàn ác động vật Dẫn chứng: All his life Carver battled against the disposal of waste materials and warned of the growing need to develop substitutes for the natural substances being used up by humans =>Chọn B READING 40: Question A Ở đoạn 1, tác giả so sánh cấu trúc nguyên tử với hệ mặt trời? A Để cung cấp lời giải thích cấu trúc nguyên tử hiểu cách dễ dàng B Để cho thấy cơng thức tốn học phức tạp sử dụng để giải thích cấu trúc nguyên tử không C Để cho thấy ảnh hưởng cấu trúc phân tử lên giới mức độ quan sát đượC D Để tương phản kích thước nguyên tử với vật thể mức độ quan sát đượC =>Chọn A Question D Theo đoạn 2, số nguyên tử nguyên tử xác định A Tổng hạt proton electron B Số lượng notron proton khác C Sức mạnh kết hợp hạt proton notron D Tổng số proton mà có Dẫn chứng: Elements are defined by two numbers; their atomic number , which is equal to the number of protons they have, =>Chọn D Question B Từ “stable” ( ổn định) đoạn gần nghĩa với A trung bình B khơng thay đổi C nặng D bình đẳng Dẫn chứng: In most lighter atoms , the number of neutrons and protons is equal , and the element is stable [ Trong phân tử nhẹ hơn, số notron proton nhau, thành phần ổn định.] =>Chọn B Question C Theo thông tin đoạn 2, điều xảy ngun tử có nhiều notron proton? A Nó khơng có đủ điện cực dương để giữ electron theo quỹ đạo B Hạt nhân nổ dạng siêu tân binh C Nó dần notron nguyên tử trở nên cân D Những notron thừa bị chuyển đổi thành lượng ánh sáng Dẫn chứng: In heavier atoms, however, there are more neutrons than protons , and the element is unstable, eventually losing neutrons through radioactive decay until a neutral state is reacheD =>Chọn C Question B Cụm từ “ one another” đoạn ám đến A Các phân tử B Các điện cực C Các electron D Các nguyên tử Dẫn chứng: Opposite electrical charges attract one another [ Những điện cực ngược hút lẫn nhau] =>Chọn B Question B Theo đoạn 3, nguyên tử sản sinh ánh sáng? A Khi có nhiều electron vỏ electron giữ B Khi electron rơi trở lại vỏ electron ban đầu C Khi electron chuyển từ nguyên tử đến nguyên tử khác D Khi lượng thêm vào vỏ electron Dẫn chứng: When the electrons drop back down to their natural shell, they emit light =>Chọn B Question A Theo đọc, tất ý sau electron NGOẠI TRỪ A Mức lượng chúng cố định không đổi B Chúng giữ quỹ đạo lực hấp dẫn mang điện cực C Chúng phân tử bị phá vỡ D Chúng nhỏ nhiều so với notron proton Dẫn chứng: They are bound to their atoms through electromagnetic attraction =>loại B Electrons are different from neutrons in that they cannot be broken down into smaller particles => loại C D =>Chọn A Question D Theo đoạn 4, tính chất electron chịu trách nhiệm cho liên kết hóa học? A Khả phá vỡ tự nguyên tử suốt đợt va chạm B Lực hấp dẫn điện từ chúng với proton C Chi tiết chúng phá vỡ thành phân tử nhỏ D Xu hướng chiếm đến vỏ electron thấp Dẫn chứng: Since electrons seek to occupy the lowest electron shell possible, they will move from one atom to another if there is a space available in a lower electron shell =>Chọn D ... care for a young child at the same time Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family Additional child support is... board” is drawn up which lay out the script word for word What make a weather forecast more complicated than other programmes are the maps and electronic images which are required The computer has... a major source of power Question 2: The word "approaching" in the passage is closest in meaning to A hardly B mostly C nearly D briefly Question 3: The word "that" in the passage refers to A electricity
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