Do vậy, ý nghĩa của các cụm động từ không chịu ảnh hưởng bởi ý nghĩa của động từ. Việc học các cụm động từ cũng không nên đánh đồng với việc học các động từ và tiểu từ độc lập nhau, mà cần học cả cụm động từ đó với cách sử dụng của chúng trong từng văn cảnh.
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Cụm động từ (P1) Phrasal verbs (V + Prep)
I SOME COMMON PHRASAL VERBS (MỘT SỐ CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG GẶP)
1 account for = explain: giải thích, kể đến
2 ask for: yêu cầu, đòi hỏi
3 break down = out of order (hỏng); = fail, collapse:
suy sụp
4 break out = start suddenly: bùng nổ, bùng phát
5 bring up = raise and educate: nuôi nấng
6 bring about = cause sth to happen: gây ra, xảy ra
7 catch up / catch up with: bắt kịp, theo kịp
8 call on = visit: viếng thăm
9 call off = cancel: hủy bỏ
10 call up: gọi điện
11 carry on: tiến hành
12 come along: tiến hành
13 come on: begin: bắt đầu
14 come out = appear: xuất hiện
15 come about = become lower: giảm, sa sút
16 come over = visit: ghé thăm (call on)
17 come up with= think of: Nghĩ ra
18 cool off : (nhiệt tình) nguội lạnh đi, giảm đi = calm
down
19 count on = investigate, examinate: tính, dựa vào
20 differ from = not be the same: không giống với
21 fall behind: thụt lùi, tụt lại đằng sau
22 fill in: điền vào, ghi vào
23 fill out = discover: khám phá ra
24 get over = recover from: vượt qua, khắc phục
25 get up: thức dậy
26 get on with sth= get along with= have a good
relationship with sb: hòa thuận
27 give in: nhượng bộ, chịu thua
28 give up = stop: từ bỏ, bỏ
29 go by (thời gian ): trôi qua
30 go after = chase, pursue: theo đuổi, rượt đuổi
31 go ahead = be carried out= carry out: được diễn ra,
tiến hành
32 go along = develop, progress: tiến bộ, tiến triển
33 go away: biến mất, tan biến
34 go back = return: quay lại
35 go off: nổ (bomb, explode), chua/hỏng (milk, yogurt), đổ chuông (alarm)
36 Go on = continue: tiếp tục
37 Go over: xem lại
38 Go out: tắt (light)
39 Go up: đi lên
40 go down: (giá cả): giảm xuống
41 hold up = stop =delay: hoãn lại, ngừng
49 look down on sb = coi thường
50 look up: tìm, tra cứu ( trong sách, từ điển )
51 look for: tìm kiếm
52 make out = understand: hiểu
53 make up = invent, put sth together: phát minh, trộn
54 pass away = die : chết, qua đời
55 put on: mặc (quần áo ), mang (giày ), đội (mũ), mở (đèn )
56 put out = make st stop burning, produce: dập tắt, sản xuất
57 put off = postpone: hoãn lại
58 put up = build: xây dựng
59 speak up: nói to, nói thẳng
60 set off = begin: khỏi hành
61 set up = establish: thiết lập
62 stand by = support: ủng hộ
63 take after = look like sb= resemble: giống
64 take off: cởi (quần áo, giày, mũ ) ; (máy bay) cất cánh
65 take over = take responsible for st /V-ing:đảm nhận
trách nhiệm
66 take up = start doing: bắt đầu tham gia
67 try out: thử
68 try on: mặc thử (quần áo )
69 turn down= reject: gạt bỏ, bác bỏ
70 turn on= switch on: mở ( đèn, máy móc)
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71 turn off= switch off : khóa, tắt (đèn, máy móc, động cơ
72 Turn up= show up= arrive
73 Show off: khoe khoang/ khoe mẽ
74 Wait for: đợi
75 Watch out: đề phòng
76 Wipe out remove, destroy completely: xóa bỏ, phá hủy
77 wait up (for ): thức đợi ai
78 wash up: rửa bát đĩa
II BÀI TẬP (CHỮA TRONG VIDEO)
1 What may happen if John will not arrive in time?
2 Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside
3 They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because of the epidemic
4 The stranger came _ me and asked, "Is there a post office near here?"
5 Frankly speaking, your daughter does not take _ you at all
6 She is not really friendly She does not get on well her classmates
7 I would be grateful if you kept the news _ yourself Do not tell anyone about it
8 I do not use those things any more You can _ them away
9 They were late for work because their car _ down
10 The authority _ down that building to build a supermarket
11 I didn't get to see the end of that mystery movie on TV last night How did it out?
12 I’m not surprised Margaret's ill With all the voluntary work she's , she’s really been doing too much
13 At present we are an anti-drug campaign
A setting up for B carrying out C taking part D joining with
14 At the station, we often see the sigh “ _for pickpockets”
A Watch on B Watch out C Watch up D Watch at
15 Let’s wait here for her; I’m sure she’ll
A turn down B turn off C turn over D turn up
16 UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
A stands for B brings about C takes after D gets across
17 Don't forget to _your gloves on It is cold outside
A let B make C put D fix
18 The passengers had to wait because the plane off one hour late
A took B turned C cut D made
19 Be careful! The tree is going to fall
A Look out B Look up C Look on D Look after
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20 The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt
A put on B went off C got out D kept up
21 These shoes felt too tight, so I took and tried a larger size
A away them B off them C them away D them off
22 My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother
A went over B got over C took over D looked over
23 I can’t walking Can we stop and have a short rest?
A go on B get on C go up D get up
24 When you are finished using the computer, can you please it off
A take B turn C do D go
25 When the alarm went off, everyone proceeded calmly to the emergency exits
A fell B exploded C called D rang
26 Look out There is a rattlesnake under the picnic table!
A Listen B Be careful C Go D Watch
27 Mrs Jones's husband passed away fast Friday We’re all shocked by the news
A got married B divorced C died D were on business
28 If you want to be healthy you should your bad habits in your lifestyles
A give up B call off C break down D get over
29 Watch ! a car is coming
A out B up C away D off
30 Try to study harder to catch your classmates
A up B up with C out D with
31 Don’t be impatient ! I ‘m sure he will turn on time
35 My husband and I take turns cleaning the kitchen depending who gets home from work earlier
A away / to B from / in C up / on D with / for
36 The efforts for the advancement of women have resulted several respectively achievement in women's
life and work
A at B with C for D in
37 The small white flowers are my favorite They give off a wonderful honey smell that scents the entire garden
A release B stop C end D melt
38 I couldn't make out what he had talked about because I was not used to his accent
A stand B understand C write D interrupt
39 I'm sorry I didn't mean to interrupt you Please, go on and finish what you were saying
A talk B quit C continue D stop
40 The firefighters fought the blaze while the crowd was looking on it
A blowing B watering C preventing D Watching
41 What does "www" for? Is it short for “world wide web?”
A sit B stand C lie D point
42 If you do not understand the word "superstitious," look it up in the dictionary
A find its meaning B write it C draw it D note it
44 The firefighters fought the blaze while the crowd was looking on it
A blowing B watering C preventing D watching
45 Not all women can do two jobs well at the same time: rearing children and working at office
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A educating B taking care of C homemaking D giving a birth
III BÀI TẬP LUYỆN
1 Brian asked Judy to dinner and a movie
2 My wife backed me _ over my decision to quit my job
3 The racing car _ after it crashed into the fence
4 Our car at the side of the highway in the snowstorm
5 Mike _ Alaska, so he's used to cold weather
6 Jane had a difficult childhood She _ a broken home
7 The woman _ when the police told her that her son had died
8 Our teacher broke the final project _ into three separate parts
9 Somebody _ last night and stole our stereo
10 The firemen had to break _ the room to rescue the children
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Cụm động từ (P2)
Trích đề thi đại học năm 2010 (mã đề 469)
26 It is very important for a firm or a company to keep the changes in the market
14 The forecast has revealed that the world’s reserves of fossil fuel will have by 2015
31 Although smokers are aware that smoking is harmful to their health, they can’t get rid of it
Trích đề thi đại học năm 2011 (mã đề: 369)
48 The Second World War in 1939
49 “We’d better _ if we want to get there in time.”
55 I could not the lecture at all It was too difficult for me
A get along (leave) B make off (hurry) C take in D hold on
take in: understand or absorb sth that one hears or reads
62 The instructor blew his whistle and _ + Away/down/in/off/out/over/round/up + motion verb + noun/noun
phrase as a subject
A off the runners were running B off ran the runners
C off were running the runners D the runners run off
Trích đề thi TNPTTH năm 2010
4 He is disappointed at not being offered the job, but I think he will it
6 “Don’t forget to take _ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.”
19 Please remember to the lights as you leave the room
EXERCISE 1: Multiple choice
1 Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we _?
2 Who will the children while you go out to work?
3 Please the light, it’s getting dark here
4 The nurse has to _ at the midnight
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5 There is an inflation The prices
A are going on B are going down C are going over D are going up
6 Remember to _ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house
7 You can the new words in the dictionary
8 It’s cold outside your coat
9 Frank never turns up on time for a meeting
10 Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today
11 My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother
12 The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town
13 John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute
14 Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _ his boss
15 Why do they talking about money all the time?
16 My father gave up smoking two years ago
17 The government hopes to _ its plans for introducing cable TV
18 When the tenants failed to pay their bill, the authorities decided to _ the gas supply to the flat
19 Look out! There’s a car coming!
A The car is behind you, so you should run
B Don’t go away because the car is coming
C Hurry up or you will be late for the car
D You should be careful because the car is coming
20 I was born in Scotland but I in Northern Ireland
21 How do you start the computer?
A How does the computer turn on? B How do you turn on the computer?
C How do you turn the computer on? D Both B and C are correct
22 I/ not accept/ offer/ turn down/
A I couldn’t accept his offer to avoid turning down him
B I couldn’t accept his offer because he was turned down
C I couldn’t accept his offer, so I turned it down
D I couldn’t accept his offer whether I was turned down
23 Both Ann and her sister look like her mother
24 I’ll be back in a minute, Jane I just want to try out my new tape recorder
25 She got angry whe n they started to her private life
26 She ran in a marathon last week but after ten kilo meters
27 Gertrude takes her mother; she has blue eyes and fair hair too
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28 It took hi m a long time to the death of his wife
29 There were so many kinds of ca meras , and I did n't kno w whic h to buy
30 Billy hasn't been working; he wo n't his exa minations
31 They arrived the airport goo d time for the plane
32 Did Mr Tan the class while Miss Fio na was ill in hospital?
33 Paula applied for the post but she was
A turned down B checked out C kept u nder D pushed ahead
34 If orders keep co ming in like this, I'll have to more staff
35 Why do they talking about mo ney all the time?
36 In addition to Mr Tho mas and Miss White, the principal attend the school party
37 We were too tired to wash after the meal
38 What may happen if John will not arrive in time?
39 Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside
40 They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because of the epidemic
41 I don't know whether I'll go out tonight It depends how I feel
42 The police made an appeal the public to remain calm
43 These policies in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship
44 Part of the path had been by the sea.` `
45 The diesel engine was named its inventor Rudolf Diesel
46 The committee of different people of different views
47 She to the cinema last night
48 I've been trying to him all day
A fall in love with B take track of C take advantage of D get in touch with
49 An ever-growing proportion of this consists of unburned hydrocarbon gases from the exhausts of
automobiles
50 His wife died in when he was only 24 years old
51 policeman directing the traffic
A Take care of B Take track of C Keep an eye on D Pay attention to
52 The bomb when he rang the bell
53 No one really believed it when the news came through that the "Titanic" had on her maiden voyage
54 Does this jacket my trousers?
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55 He about his new car all the time
56 Do you think you could this work with me some time, Peter?
57 We have permission to with the plan
58 I know you find the course boring, Pauline, but since you've started it, you might as well it
59 Some films about violence have badly _on children
EXERCISE 2: Fill in the gaps
Get on Fill in look for switch on Take off try on
turn down put out believe in throw it away turn off
1 “Please the radio, I can’t concentrate on my work”
2 Quick! the bus It's ready to leave
3 I don't know where my book is I have to it
4 It's dark inside Can you the light, please?
5 the form, please
6 I need some new clothes Why don't you these jeans?
7 It's warm inside your coat
8 This pencil is really old You can
9 It's so loud here Can you the radio a little
10 The firemen were able to the fire in Church Street
11 Does your little brother ghosts?
1 She _ her father; everyone says how alike they are!
A takes after B takes off C falls out D lets off
2 There was a power cut and all the lights _
3 You look upset, Sven Have you and Niger _ again?
A gone out B gone grey C fallen out D let off
4 Paul, do you think you could me for the night? It's a bit too late to go home now
A let me off B go me out C fall me out D put me up
5 Children made their hair _
6 The doctor asked me to _ my shirt
7 Shall we go somewhere _ a drink?
8 Everyone can _ in this school activity
9.Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we _?
10.Who will the children while you go out to work?
11.Please the light, it’s getting dark here
12.The nurse has to _ at the midnight
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13.There is an inflation The prices
A are going on B are going down C are going over D are going up
14.Remember to _ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house
15.You can the new words in this website
16.It’s cold outside your coat
17.Frank never turns up on time for a meeting
18.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today
19.My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother
A looked after B taken after C gone off D got over
20.The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town
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KEY
EXERCISE 1: Multiple choice
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1 He drives so quickly that I am afraid that one day he will… someone crossing the street
a crash down b knock down c turn over d run across
2 Hello Is that 956782? Please put me ……the manager
3 The three friends all… for the same job
a requested b intended c applied d referred
4.1 don't think he will ever get … the shock of his father's death
5 The company is aiming to push ……its share of car sales to 25% over the next two years
6 The child hurt himself badly when he fell… the bedroom window
a out from b out of c down d over
7 Don't worry about trying to catch the last train borne, as we can easily …… you up for the night
8.I am late because my alarm clock didn't …… this morning
a come on b ring out c go off d turn on
9 He's such a naughty child; it's amazing what his mother lets him …….away with
10 The factory paid……… nearly a million pounds to their employees injured in the explosion
11 My daughter often…… to see me at least once a week
a calls up b drops in c goes up d comes on
12 I think he is unwell; he was complaining ……… a headache this morning
13 I saw a thief take Tom's wallet so I ran… him, but I couldn't catch him
14 If it's raining tomorrow, we shall have top put ……the match till Sunday
15 There was a big hole is the rod which…… the traffic
a kept down b held up c stood back d sent back
16 She applied for training as a pilot, but they tuned her …… because of her poor eyesight
17 These old houses are going to be ………soon
a laid out b run down c knocked out d pulled down
18.1 can't ……what he's doing, it's so dark down there
a see through b make out c look into d show up
19 Having looked the place… , the gang went away to make their plans
20 Take the number 7 bus and get… at Forest Road
EXERCISE 2
1 If you want to join this club, you must ……this application form
a make up b write down c do up d fill in
2 The water company will have to……….off water supplies while repairs to the pipes are carried out
3 Come………, children ! Get your coats on or you'll be late for school
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4 She tried to prevent the dog…… running into the road
5 The doctor told him to keep……… sweets and chocolate to lose weight
6 Tom was slow to catch……… , but gradually he began to understand
7.1 haven't time to speak to him now, you'll have to put him…………
8 You know I'll always stand………you if you are in trouble
9.1 disapprove………… people smoking in public places
10 She found it is hard to……… up to the fact that she would never be famous
a come b face c get d keep
11 For the first few minutes she was leading the race, then she began to fall ……
a out b through c back d off
12 The job offer was too good for him to turn…
13 His son's death was a terrible shock and it took him a long time to it
a get round b come through c go over d get over
14 Please come…… and see us some time-you're always welcome
15 She put…… speaking to him as long as possible
a over b away c off d back
16 He filled in the necessary forms and………for the job
a appealed b asked c requested d applied
17 She went……… a bad cold just before Christmas
a down with b in for c over d through
18 They had never come ………such a beautiful little village before
19 When the tenants failed to pay their bills, the authorities decided to cut……the gas supply to the flats
a out b down c off d across
20 The doctor advised me not to take……….so much work in future
EXERCISE 3
1 The police have warned tourists to look…… for pickpockets in the town centre
a out b up c down d forward
2 I wouldn't…… of going to a party unless I hadn't been invited to
a intend b dream c rely d depend
3 If you want to be healthy; you should cut…… on your smoking
a up b down c out d through
4 Their aim is to…… up a new political party
a strike b stand c set d show
5 He was busy when I phoned but I hung………until he was free
6 I'm not sure how old he is but he must be ……for 70
a going by b getting up c getting on d going off
7.1 absolutely…… with everything that has been said
a agree b accept c admit d approve
8 The man who lives opposite us sometimes comes……for a cup for coffee
a on b over c off d to
9 The butcher cut some steak, ……… it up and handed it to me
a closed b wound c strung d wrapped
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10 In order to…… with his studies, he worked through the summer
a take b catch on c catch up d take up
11 A good friend will stand……… you when you're having trouble
12 The meeting had to be put……until a later date
13 The teachers at the school went…….with flu one after the other
a out b down c off d under
14 The smell was so bad that it completely……… us off our food
a set b took c got d put
15 We expected him at eight but he finally……at midnight
a came to b turned out c turned in d came off
16 The hall was very crowded with over fifty people into it
a pushed b packed c stuck d stuffed
17 He took the trouble to write…… the complete list for us
a on b through c off d out
18 He had to go to the bank to …… some money for his holiday
a pay up b pay back c draw out d draw in
19 A new study group has been…… by the United Nations
a set up b set on c put up d put on
20 David always………over to my hose after he had clone his homework
a passed b gone c went d came
EXERCISE 4
1 If you want to have a pet you must be ready to look …… it for several years
2.I can put …….with most things but I cannot stand noisy children
a on b up c off d aside
3 Don't …….up yet, you will soon be able to play the trumpet well
a give b catch c break d turn
4 Some drivers seem to expect everyone else to get……their way
a off b after c away from d out of
5 My uncle took … golf when he retired from work
a on b after c up d over
6 The deer ……… for the shelter of the forest when there are people about
7 I'll call…… you at 6 o'clock
8 Everyone in the village……… about the plans for the new road
a contacted b took care c concerned d was concerned
9 Mrs Brown always……… out in a crowd because she wore large hats
a found b looked c stood d showed
10 After his mother died, he was… up by his grandmother
a grown b brought c taken d drawn
11 All the plans have been put…… for the time being
a aside b down c on d up
12 He said he would contribute money, but later he backed ………of it
13 All their money is… up in the new house which they have bought
a connected b limited c tied d trapped
14 The audience …… out laughing when the singer fell over
a called b burst c shouted d broke
15 The general was always…… about his past campaigns
a boasting b praising c complimenting d congratulating
16 If we want to ……… up with them we'd better hurry