International interviewing and counseling 9th ivey chapter 02

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Intentional Interviewing and

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Chapter 2

Ethics, Multicultural Competence,

Neuroscience, and Positive

Psychology/Resilience

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Chapter Goals and Competency

Objectives

Awareness and Knowledge

▲ Develop an understanding of the basics of ethical counseling and

therapy practice

▲ Examine your identity as a multicultural being, how dimensions of

diversity and privilege may affect the session, and the central

importance of multicultural competence

▲ Identify multicultural strengths in clients as a path toward wellness

and resilience

▲ Identify wellness as an ethical practice.

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Chapter Goals and Competency

Objectives (cont.)

Skills and Action

▲ Use the RESPECTFUL model for encountering multicultural

difference

▲ Understand the meaning and depth of microaggressions and have

beginning skills in working with clients who experience this

treatment

▲ Define and apply positive psychology and wellness as a basis for

fostering and building client resilience

▲ Use therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) as positive wellness

strategies in the session for physical and mental health

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Introduction: Ethics and the Counseling and

Psychotherapy Process

▲ Ethics are thoughtful professional lists of dos and don’ts

for our profession.

▲ Ethical codes can be summarized as “Do no harm to

your clients; treat them responsibly with full awareness

of the social responsibility of helping.”

▲ Morals are individual principles by which we live that

define our beliefs about right and wrong.

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Introduction: Ethics and the Counseling and

Psychotherapy Process (cont.)

The anticipated client response to professional ethics is:

▲ Greater trust

▲ Acknowledgment that personal actions count

▲ Examination of his or her own moral and ethical decisions

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Ethics and Responsibility: A Summary

▲ Maintain confidentiality.

▲ Recognize your limitations.

▲ Remain in consultation with your professor, workshop

leader, or mentor.

▲ Be aware of individual and cultural differences.

▲ Remember the golden and platinum rules.

▲ Give special attention to the ethical treatment of children and their rights.

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Multicultural Competence

▲ Multicultural competence is imperative

▲ Awareness of our clients’ multicultural backgrounds enables us to

understand their uniqueness more fully

▲ Without awareness, we fail to establish good client relationships

▲ Interviewing and counseling are global phenomena.

▲ Our field is a global force in “Psychological Liberation.”

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RESPECTFUL Interviewing and Counseling

▲ RESPECTFUL interviewing and counseling enable us to discover

the multiple voices our clients bring to us

▲ The model enables us to identify the past and present voices that

affect our own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

▲ Identify what is meaningful in the way you think about yourself.

▲ Look at the list as a source of information about your own and your

clients’ resilience

▲ Watch for the possibility of cultural and historical trauma in each of

the RESPECTFUL dimensions

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The RESPECTFUL Model

▲ Unique Physical Characteristics

▲ Location of Residence/Language Models

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The Soul Wound

▲ The intergeneration transmission of trauma was first identified by Israeli

researchers examining the lives of second- and third-generation

descendants of survivors of the Nazi Holocaust.

▲ The trauma of severe abusive treatment can persist over generations.

▲ Traumatic wounds do not disappear over time but remain “in the soul.”

▲ Survivors exhibit increased depression and psychiatric issues and may

attempt or commit suicide.

▲ We empower clients by building resilience and focusing on existing personal

and family strengths.

▲ A critical part of empowering clients is facilitating understanding of cultural

pride, cultural health, and cultural identity.

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▲ An active teaching, consulting, coaching role is needed on the

part of the counselor

▲ We need to avoid stereotyping one group’s cultural identity

▲ Increasing awareness of societal privilege is needed

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Political Correctness

▲ Political correctness is controversial.

▲ Respect for others is essential.

▲ Interviewers and counselors are encouraged to use empathic language and terminology their clients prefer.

▲ Knowledge of the language of nationalism and regional characteristics is helpful.

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▲ Awareness of yourself as a cultural being is a vital

beginning to authenticity.

▲ Be aware of your own assumptions, values, and biases.

▲ Have you experienced cultural trauma and

microaggressions? How has this affected your sense of trust in others–both individuals and groups?

▲ Refer to the RESPECTFUL model.

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Knowledge: Worldview

▲ Understand the worldview of the culturally different client.

▲ Worldview is the way you and your client understand the

world.

▲ People from different backgrounds have vastly different

philosophical views.

▲ Traditional approaches to counseling theory and skills

may be inappropriate and/or ineffective with some

clients.

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Positive Psychology and TLCs: Building Client

Resilience

▲ Helping clients recognize their strengths and

resources provides a basis for solving their

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Positive Psychology and TLCs: Resilience and

Optimism

▲ Positive psychology aims to increase both

resilience and optimism.

▲ Optimism: hope, confidence, and cheerfulness; trust in oneself, personal power, and belief in the future.

▲ Resilience: the ability to bounce back from

setbacks, temporary failure, and early or late trauma.

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Building Resilience through Strengths and

Resources

▲ In recent years the field of counseling has developed an extensive

body of research and knowledge supporting the importance of

positive psychology

▲ We need stories of strength and success.

▲ Find something the client is doing right and discover his or her

resources and supports

▲ Engagement is more important than happiness in terms of life

satisfaction

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TLCs for Stress Management: Important Areas

▲ Meditation and relaxation

▲ Multicultural pride and cultural identity

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TLCs for Stress Management: Additional Important

Areas to Consider

▲ Drugs and alcohol

▲ Medication and supplements

▲ Positive thinking/optimism, happiness

▲ Beliefs, values, and spirituality

▲ Nature breaks

▲ No smoking

▲ Control screen time

▲ Art, music, dance, literature

▲ Relaxing and having fun

▲ Education

▲

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Key Points

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