Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống
1
/ 88 trang
THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Thông tin cơ bản
Định dạng
Số trang
88
Dung lượng
358,97 KB
Nội dung
ch7 Student: _ 1. Ergonomics is the use of computers and robots in the workplace. True False 2. Specialization is one of the sources of disagreement between the efficiency and behavioral approaches to job design. True False 3. One disadvantage of specialization is worker dissatisfaction. True False 4. The quickest, most effective way to improve an employee's job satisfaction is increase his or her compensation. True False 5. Job enrichment involves giving a workers a greater share of the total task which is why they feel enriched. True False 6. Trust is a factor influencing productivity. True False 7. Many lower level jobs are monotonous and boring. True False 8. Job enrichment involves an increase in the level of responsibility for planning and coordinating tasks. True False 9. "Selfdirected teams" are allowed to make changes in the work processes under their control. True False 10. "Selfdirected teams" help other work groups make changes to their processes. True False 11. Motivation influences quality and productivity, but not the work environment. True False 12. One important factor that influences productivity is trust between workers and managers. True False 13. Ergonomics is an important part of job design to consider when we automate the system. True False 14. One of the potential benefits of "selfdirected teams" is higher productivity and greater worker satisfaction. True False 15. One of the potential benefits of "selfdirected teams" is higher quality. True False 16. One potential disadvantage of "selfdirected teams" is higher training costs. True False 17. Job design relates to people therefore technology has little impact. True False 18. Methods analysis cannot be done for new jobs (ones that do not yet exist) since it requires observation of the process. True False 19. One therblig is the equivalent of one hour of sustained work by one average person. True False 20. A flow process chart is helpful for visualizing the portions of a work cycle during which the operator and equipment are busy or idle. True False 21. Predetermined time standards are usually based on observing one very efficient worker performing the task. True False 22. Therbligs are basic elemental motions. True False 23. We incorporate the average seriousness of accidents by measuring the number of losttime accidents per million laborhours worked. True False 24. Work measurement concentrates on how long the tasks take to accomplish. True False 25. Ergonomics is important for preventing common workplace injuries such as back injuries and repetitive motion injuries. True False 26. The most widely used method of work measurement is work sampling. True False 27. For purposes of obtaining good time standards using a stopwatch time study, the analyst should try to avoid having the worker discover he or she is being observed. True False 28. One factor in determining how many cycles to time in a time study is the degree of variation that is present in the observed times. True False 29. The normal time in time study is obtained by multiplying the observed time by the performance rating. True False 30. Studies on worker efficiency and time of day suggest the greatest efficiency is at the end of the day when workers are ‘warmed up'. True False 31. The normal time for a job is multiplied by the performance rating to obtain the standard time for the job. True False 32. The design of work systems, because objective standards are used, avoids most ethical issues. True False 33. The standard time for a job can be obtained by multiplying the normal time by an appropriate allowance factor. True False 34. Predetermined time standards use historical data from a company's own files. True False 35. A performance rating of less than 1.0 means that the observed worker was judged to be working at a faster than normal rate doing the job quicker than normal. True False 36. Predetermined time standards involve the use of published data regarding how long various activities are expected to take. True False 37. Work sampling can be used to estimate the proportion of time a machine is idle. True False 38. Work sampling involves the use of some method of randomizing the observations. True False 39. An advantage of work sampling, compared to a stopwatch time study, is that observations are spread out over a period of time in work sampling. True False 40. No stopwatch is required in a work sampling study. True False 41. Work sampling provides a detailed elemental breakdown of a task for purposes of establishing reliable time standards. True False 42. Measured day work refers to an outputbased system. True False 43. It would be acceptable to use a group incentive plan for an assembly line operation. True False 44. Work sampling provides both quick and accurate estimates of activity times. True False 45. Methods analysis and motion study techniques do not directly consider behavioral aspects of jobs. True False 46. "Timebased systems" compensate employees according to the time the employee has worked and the amount of output they produce. True False 47. "Outputbased systems" compensate employees according to the amount of output they produce, thereby tying pay directly to performance. True False 48. A pay system that rewards workers who undergo training that increases their skills is called a "knowledge based pay system." True False 49. "Knowledgebased pay systems" pay higher wages or salaries to workers who have completed college than to those who just finished high school. True False 50. Increasing compensation is always a way to improve worker satisfaction. True False 51. A workermachine chart can help identify nonproductive parts of a process. True False 52. A workermachine chart can be used to determine how many machines an operator can manage. True False 53. Micromotion studies should be limited to periodic activities where breakthrough improvements are possible. True False 54. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is a regulatory burden that has been proven to have little impact on the safety and welfare of workers. True False 55. Management compensation should be based primarily on organizational output. True False 56. Many management compensation systems are being revised to reflect increased emphasis on quality and customer service. True False 57. Behavioral approaches to job design include: A. Specialization B. Ergonomics C. Job Rotation D. Flow Process Charts E. SIMO Charts 58. A major advantage of job specialization in business is increased _. A. motivation B. opportunity for advancement C. opportunity for selffulfillment D. productivity E. job enrichment 59. Which of the following is not generally considered an advantage of specialization? A. high productivity B. low wage costs C. ease of training employees D. low equipment costs E. all are advantages 60. Process chart symbols don't include . A. Delay B. Inspection C. Operation D. Rejection E. Storage 61. Which of the following most closely describes job enlargement? A. horizontal loading B. increasing the level of responsibility associated with a job C. transferring workers through a series of jobs to increase their scope of experience D. increasing the amount of workspace assigned to a worker E. assigning two jobs to the same worker 62. A behavioral approach to job design which increases responsibility for planning and coordinating tasks is job: A. enlargement B. rotation C. enrichment D. involvement E. enhancement 63. Which of the following concerns is not one that job designers focus on? A. what will be done in a job B. who will do the job C. how the job will be done D. when should the job be completed E. where the job will be done 64. Which of the following is not a potential benefit of the use of selfdirected teams? A. higher quality B. higher productivity C. greater worker satisfaction D. greater satisfaction for middle managers E. lower turnover 65. A SIMO chart includes: A. Delay B. Storage C. Transportation D. Left/Right hand movements E. Inspection 66. Determining the number of cycles to observe is an element of . A. Stop watch time study B. Standard elemental times C. Predetermined time standards D. Work sampling E. MTM tables 67. The chart used to review the overall sequence of an operation by focusing on either the movements of the operator or materials is called a _. A. SIMOchart B. Gantt chart C. Workermaterials chart D. Flow process chart E. Multiactivity chart 68. The methods analysis chart which describes the overall sequence of operations, transportation, storage, delays, and inspection is a: A. flow process chart B. workermachine chart C. gang process chart D. simultaneousmotion (SIMO) chart E. time/efficiency chart 69. The symbols for operation, storage, transportation, inspection, and delay would usually be found on which type of chart? A. Flow process B. Gantt C. Simultaneous motion D. Workermachine E. Delay analysis 70. The chart used to focus on busy and idle portions of a work cycle is a: A. Workermachine chart B. Gantt chart C. SIMOchart D. Idle chart E. Flow process chart 71. The methods analysis chart which describes the portions of a work cycle during which an operator and equipment are busy or idle is a: A. flow process chart B. workermachine chart C. gang process chart D. simultaneousmotion (SIMO) chart E. time/efficiency chart 72. In methods analysis, a "therblig" is a: A. charting method of analysis B. job enrichment technique C. dummy task D. basic elemental motion E. fraction (.0006) of a minute 73. The methods analysis chart which describes the movements of both hands at the same time is a: A. flow process chart B. workermachine chart C. gang process chart D. simultaneousmotion (SIMO) chart E. time/efficiency chart 74. One form of long term team that is increasingly being used, especially in lean production settings, is: A. Quality circle B. Product Design C. Selfdirected D. Selfimprovement E. Mandatory 75. In a stopwatch time study, the number of cycles that must be timed is a function of: A. the variability of observed times B. the desired accuracy for the estimated job time C. the desired confidence for the estimated job time D. all of the above E. none of the above 119. What is the normal time (NT) for this task if the employee worked at a twenty percent faster pace than is average? A. 4 seconds B. 16.7 seconds C. 20 seconds D. 24 seconds E. 100 seconds NT = OT x 1.2 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #119 Topic Area: Work Measurement 120. What is the standard time (ST) for this task if the employee worked at a twenty percent faster pace than is average, and an allowance of twentyfive percent of the workday is used? A. 20 seconds B. 25 seconds C. 26.7 seconds D. 30 seconds E. 32 seconds ST = NT x [1/(1 .25)] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #120 Topic Area: Work Measurement 121. What is the standard time (ST) for this task if the employee worked at a twenty percent faster pace than is average, and an allowance of twentyfive percent of job time is used? A. 20 seconds B. 25 seconds C. 26.7 seconds D. 30 seconds E. 32 seconds ST = NT x 1.25 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #121 Topic Area: Work Measurement 122. How many observations should be made if he wants to be 95.44 percent confident that the maximum error in the observed time is one second? A. 3 B. 4 C. 13.3 D. 16 E. 25 N equals the square of [2 x 2/1] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #122 Topic Area: Work Measurement The owner of Touchdown Sports Bar wants to develop a time standard for the task of mixing a specialty cocktail. In a preliminary study, he observed one of his bartenders perform this task seven times with an average of 90 seconds and a standard deviation of 5 seconds Stevenson Chapter 07 123. What is the normal time (NT) for this task if the bartender worked at a twenty percent faster pace than is average? A. 75 seconds B. 90 seconds C. 108 seconds D. 110 seconds E. 112.5 seconds NT = OT x 1.2 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #123 Topic Area: Work Measurement 124. What is the standard time (ST) for this task if the bartender worked at a twenty percent faster pace than is average, and an allowance of twenty percent of the workday is used? A. 112.5 seconds B. 120 seconds C. 135 seconds D. 144 seconds E. 150 seconds ST = OT x 1.2 x [1/(1 .2)] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #124 Topic Area: Work Measurement 125. What is the standard time (ST) for this task if the bartender worked at a twenty percent faster pace than is average, and an allowance of ten percent of job time is used? A. 135 seconds B. 123.8 seconds C. 118.8 seconds D. 120 seconds E. 112.5 seconds ST = OT x 1.2 x 1.1 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #125 Topic Area: Work Measurement 126. How many observations should be made if he wants to be 95.44 percent confident that the maximum error in the observed time is one second? A. 64 B. 86 C. 100 D. 144 E. 169 N equals the square of [2 x 5/1] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #126 Topic Area: Work Measurement A Methods and Measurements Analyst for Digital Devices needs to develop a time standard for the task of assembling a computer mouse. In a preliminary study, she observed one of her workers perform this task six times with the following results: Stevenson Chapter 07 127. What is the observed time (OT) for this task? A. 34 seconds B. 40 seconds C. 46 seconds D. 48 seconds E. 240 seconds This is the average of these times AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #127 Topic Area: Work Measurement 128. What is the normal time (NT) for this task if the employee worked at a 20% faster pace than is average? A. 8 seconds B. 32 seconds C. 40 seconds D. 48 seconds E. 200 seconds NT = OT x 1.2 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #128 Topic Area: Work Measurement 129. What is the standard time (ST) for this task if the employee worked at a 20% faster pace than is average and an allowance of 25% of the workday is used? A. 40 seconds B. 50 seconds C. 53.3 seconds D. 60 seconds E. 64 seconds ST = NT x [1/(1 .25)] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #129 Topic Area: Work Measurement 130. What is the standard time (ST) for this task if the employee worked at a 20% faster pace than is average and an allowance of 25% of job time is used? A. 40 seconds B. 50 seconds C. 53.3 seconds D. 60 seconds E. 64 seconds ST = NT x 1.25 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #130 Topic Area: Work Measurement 131. How many observations should be made if she wants to be 0.8664 confident that the maximum error in the observed time is 0.5 second? Assume that the standard deviation of the task time is 4 seconds. A. 10 B. 12 C. 120 D. 144 E. 169 N would be the square of [1.5 x 4/.5] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #131 Topic Area: Work Measurement The manager of Lawn and Garden Services would like to estimate the proportion of her employees' time spent performing various gardening or lawn care activities. She has made 400 random observations of a typical worker, with the following results: Stevenson Chapter 07 132. What is the most likely true proportion of time spent mowing? A. 0 B. .1 C. .2 D. .5 E. 1 Prop.(Mowing) = 200/400 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #132 Topic Area: Work Measurement 133. What is the probability that the true proportion of time spent mowing is exactly equal to the sample proportion? A. 0 B. .1 C. .2 D. .5 E. 1 There's almost no chance that the sample proportion is exactly equal to the true proportion AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #133 Topic Area: Work Measurement 134. How confident can the manager be that the true proportion of time spent mowing is between .45 and .55? A. 90 percent B. 95 percent C. 95.5 percent D. 99 percent E. 99.7 percent These boundaries represent plus/minus two standard deviations, so the confidence would be approximately 95% AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #134 Topic Area: Work Measurement 135. Between what limits can the manager be 68.26 percent confident the true proportion of time spent mowing is? A. 0 and .683 B. .475 and .525 C. .45 and .55 D. .425 and .575 E. .4 and .6 These limits would reflect plus or minus one standard deviation AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #135 Topic Area: Work Measurement 136. If the manager wants to be 95.44 percent confident that the true proportion of time spent mowing is within .02 (plus or minus) of the sample proportion, what should be her sample size? A. 400 B. 1,000 C. 1,600 D. 2,000 E. 2,500 N would be 0.25 times the square of [2/.02] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #136 Topic Area: Work Measurement Stevenson Chapter 07 137. What is the observed time for this task? 15 seconds Feedback: OT would be the average of these numbers AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #137 Topic Area: Work Measurement 138. If the person observed worked at a pace that is 80 percent of normal, what should be the normal time for this task? 12 seconds Feedback: NT = OT x .8 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #138 Topic Area: Work Measurement 139. If the person observed worked at a pace that is 80 percent of normal, and if the appropriate allowance for this task is 25 percent of job time, what should be the standard time? 15 seconds Feedback: ST = OT x .8 x 1.25 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #139 Topic Area: Work Measurement 140. If the person observed worked at a pace that is 20 percent faster than average, what should be the normal time for this task? 18 seconds Feedback: NT = OT x 1.2 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #140 Topic Area: Work Measurement 141. If the person observed worked at a pace that is 20 percent faster than average, and if the appropriate allowance for this task is 25 percent of the workday, what should be the standard time? 24 seconds Feedback: ST = NT x [1/(1 .25)] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #141 Topic Area: Work Measurement 142. How many observations would be needed to be 95.44% confident that the maximum error in the observed time is 1 second? Assume that the standard deviation of the task time is 2 seconds. 16 Feedback: This would be the square of [2 x 2/1] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #142 Topic Area: Work Measurement 143. How many observations would be needed to be 99.74% confident that the maximum error is 5% of the observed time? Assume that the standard deviation of the task time is 2 seconds. 64 Feedback: This would be the square of [(3 x 2)/(.05 x 15)] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #143 Topic Area: Work Measurement Given the following work sampling data, based upon 100 random observations of a particular worker: Stevenson Chapter 07 144. What is the estimated proportion of time this worker spends performing activity A? Feedback: Prop(A) = 20/100 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #144 Topic Area: Work Measurement 145. For a confidence level of 86.64%, what is the maximum error of the estimate for activity A? 060 Feedback: This corresponds to a Zvalue of 1.5 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #145 Topic Area: Work Measurement 146. For a confidence level of 95.44% and a maximum error of .04, what should be the sample size for estimating the proportion of time spent performing activity A? 400 Feedback: N would be .16 times the square of [2/.04] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #146 Topic Area: Work Measurement 147. What is the estimated proportion of time this worker spends performing activity B? Feedback: Prop(B) = 50/100 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #147 Topic Area: Work Measurement 148. What is the estimated proportion of time this worker spends on activities B and C? Feedback: Prop(B or C) = (50 + 10)/100 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #148 Topic Area: Work Measurement 149. For a confidence level of 95.44% and a maximum error of .04, what should be the sample size for estimating the proportion of time spent performing activity B? 625 Feedback: N would be .25 times the square of [2/.04] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #149 Topic Area: Work Measurement 150. For a confidence level of 95.44% and a maximum error of .04, what should be the sample size for estimating the proportion of time spent performing activity C? 225 Feedback: N would be .09 times the square of [2/.04] AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #150 Topic Area: Work Measurement 151. For a confidence level of 86.64%, what is the maximum error of the estimate for activity B? 075 Feedback: This represents a Zvalue of 1.5 AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations Stevenson Chapter 07 #151 Topic Area: Work Measurement ch7 Summary Category # of Questions AACSB: Analytic 58 AACSB: Ethics AACSB: Reflective Thinking 90 Blooms: Apply 58 Blooms: Remember 79 Blooms: Understand 14 Difficulty: Easy 36 Difficulty: Hard 28 Difficulty: Medium 87 Learning Objective: 0701 Explain the importance of work design Learning Objective: 0702 Compare and contrast the two basic approaches to job design Learning Objective: 0703 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of specialization Learning Objective: 0704 Explain the term knowledgebased pay Learning Objective: 0705 Explain the purpose of methods analysis and describe how methods studies are performed Learning Objective: 0706 Compare four commonly used techniques for motion study Learning Objective: 0707 Discuss the impact of working conditions on job design 16 Learning Objective: 0708 Define a standard time Learning Objective: 0709 Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations 67 Learning Objective: 0710 Describe work sampling and perform calculations 24 Learning Objective: 0711 Compare stopwatch time study and work sampling Learning Objective: 0712 Contrast time and output pay systems Stevenson Chapter 07 160 Topic Area: Introduction Topic Area: Job Design 27 Topic Area: Methods Analysis 11 Topic Area: Motion Study Topic Area: Operations Strategy Topic Area: Quality of Work Life 13 Topic Area: Work Measurement 92 ... impact on the safety and welfare of workers. True False 55. Management compensation should be based primarily on organizational output. True False 56. Many management compensation systems are being revised to reflect increased emphasis on quality and ... 29. The normal time in time study is obtained by multiplying the observed time by the performance rating. True False 30. Studies on worker efficiency and time of day suggest the greatest efficiency is at the end of the day when workers are ‘warmed up'. True False 31. The normal time for a job is multiplied by the performance rating to obtain the standard time for the job. ... E. Multiactivity chart 68. The methods analysis chart which describes the overall sequence of operations, transportation, storage, delays, and inspection is a: A. flow process chart B. workermachine chart