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ch9 Student: _ 1. Broadly defined, quality refers to the ability of a product or service to occasionally meet or exceed customer expectations. True False 2. An organization achieves quality by consistently meeting their competitor's standards. True False 3. Because 'courtesy' is subjective, it can't be considered a factor in service quality. True False 4. Recent changes to ISO guidelines stress continuous improvement regardless of how good you currently are. True False 5. The seven dimensions of quality are important for products but are not applicable in service organizations. True False 6. Regardless of superior quality, consumers won't pay premium prices. True False 7. High Quality and low prices are both considered to be dimensions of quality. True False 8. The Baldrige award can only be won by manufacturing organizations. True False 9. Quality of conformance refers to the degree to which goods and services conform to the intent of the designers as documented in the specifications. True False 10. Quality of design refers to the degree to which goods and services achieve the intent of the designers. True False 11. In market research, a group of consumers who express their opinions about a product or service is called a steering committee. True False 12. Business organizations achieving good quality benefit in a variety of ways, including a positive reputation for quality, increased customer loyalty, and lower production costs. True False 13. User instructions and followup services after delivery are important elements of overall product or service quality. True False 14. Reducing the variations in our product or service is an important key to perceived quality. True False 15. Product design choices are usually the result of inputs from accounting and human resources. True False 16. The dimensions of product and service quality are too abstract to be applied operationally. True False 17. The degree to which a product or service satisfies its intended purpose is determined by design, conformance to design, cost, and reputation of the producer. True False 18. The degree to which a product or service satisfies its intended purpose is determined by service after delivery, ease of use, design, and conformance to design. True False 19. Medical malpractice claims are an example of how poor quality can affect an organization through liability. True False 20. Convenience, Reliability and Assurance are dimensions of service quality. True False 21. Poor quality has a positive effect on productivity because it usually takes longer to produce a good part. True False 22. If the majority of service customers are satisfied, it is likely that all service customers will be satisfied. True False 23. The primary difference between internal failures and external failures is time and place of discovery of the failure. True False 24. Customer expectations tend to change over time affecting their perception of service quality. True False 25. Cost of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of prevention costs. True False 26. Cost of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of appraisal costs. True False 27. Modern quality management emphasizes finding and correcting mistakes before they reach the customer catching the errors before they are shipped. True False 28. Deming stresses that workers are primarily responsible for poor quality because very often they fail to follow instructions. True False 29. According to Deming, it is the systems that management puts into place that are primarily responsible for poor quality, not employees. True False 30. Juran describes quality management as a trilogy that consists of quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement. True False 31. Juran describes quality management as a trilogy that consists of quality planning, control of quality costs, and quality improvement. True False 32. Quality at the source means returning all defects to the source our vendors. True False 33. Six sigma programs have both management and technical components. True False 34. Crosby's concept of "quality is free" means that it is less expensive to do it right initially than to do it over. True False 35. The causes of variation in any process can be identified through the general categories of people, procedures, education and age. True False 36. Quality certification refers to a process of 100 percent inspection to catch all defective products before they leave the company; this allows every item to be certified defect free. True False 37. The customer is the focal point and customer satisfaction is the driving force in quality management. True False 38. When considering service quality, convenience often is a major factor. True False 39. Serviceability, Conformance and Reliability are dimensions of product quality. True False 40. Firms that wish to do business with the European Community can benefit from having a quality management system that meets ISO 9000 standards. True False 41. Continuous improvement attempts to achieve major breakthroughs in product or service quality. True False 42. So long as quality input resources are used to make a product, we can expect quality output from the process. True False 43. Three key philosophies in TQM are continuous improvement, involvement of everyone in the organization, and customer satisfaction. True False 44. Suppliers are not included in quality assurance and quality improvement efforts in TQM; they should worry about their own problems. True False 45. Zero defects requires 100% inspection of the final product. True False 46. The PDSA cycle forms the conceptual basis for continuous improvement. True False 47. A control chart is a visual representation of the various states in a process. True False 48. The purpose of benchmarking is to establish a standard against which the organization's performance can be judged, and to identify a model for possible improvement. True False 49. TQM expands the traditional view of quality beyond looking only at the quality of the final product or service to looking at the quality of every aspect of the process. True False 50. The benchmark organization must be chosen from the same industry in order for its methods to be applicable. True False 51. A quality circle is a crossfunctional team focused on quality. True False 52. Total quality management attempts to involve everyone in an organization in the effort to achieve quality. True False 53. There is a positive link between quality and productivity. True False 54. The term "quality at the source" refers primarily to the practice of requiring each of our vendors to provide quality parts and materials. True False 55. ISO standards aid in transferring technology to developing countries. True False 56. TQM is not just a collection of techniques. It is rather a whole new attitude toward quality. True False 57. The PDSA cycles is also referred to as the Baldrige Wheel. True False 58. When problems arise in a total quality managed organization, it is important to assign blame and punish the worker responsible for causing the problem. True False 59. ISO standards apply only to manufacturing organizations. True False 60. A major obstacle to implementing TQM can be an emphasis on longterm financial results. True False 61. One criticism of total quality management is that it may produce blind pursuit of quality to the neglect of other priority considerations. True False 62. Process mapping is part of process improvement. True False 63. Total quality management is a collection of techniques, such as quality control charts, ISO 9000, and quality function deployment. True False 64. A tool that is not used for quality management is . A. Flowchart B. Histogram C. Perato Analysis D. Redesign E. Check sheets 65. The four dimensions of quality that are sometimes used to determine fitness for use of a product are . A. performance, special features, durability, and service after sale B. performance, special features, conformance, and reliability C. special features, conformance, reliability, and durability D. performance, conformance, reliability, and durability E. special features, conformance, durability, and service after sale 66. A tool that depicts process variation graphically is a(n) _. A. Affinity diagram B. Check list C. Control Chart D. Flow Chart E. Relationship diagram 67. Which isn't a cost of quality? A. Prevention cost B. External failure C. Extended Service Contracts D. Internal failure E. Appraisal costs 68. The Deming Prize was established by the _. A. American Statistical Association B. Japanese C. North American Free Trade Association D. American Quality Society E. World Trade Organization 69. Lost production time, scrap, and rework are examples of . A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs 70. Warranty service, processing of complaints, and costs of litigation are examples of . A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs 71. Costs of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of . A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs 72. Loss of business, liability, productivity and costs are consequences of _. A. Labor Unions B. Globalization C. Poor Quality D. Robotics E. Microfactories 73. Quality planning and administration, quality training, and quality control procedures are examples of _. A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs 74. The purpose of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is to _. A. stimulate efforts to improve quality B. recognize quality achievements of U.S. companies C. publicize successful quality programs D. all of the above E. distribute the grant money available for improved quality 75. Fixing a problem will often cost money; to minimize these costs it is best to find and fix the problem _. A. just before shipping our product to the customer B. immediately after we complete the last operation C. during the design phase D. just before we begin the first production operation E. regardless of when you fix the problem, costs are about the same 76. Deciding how much to invest in the prevention of defects can be analyzed using . A. EVPI B. Net Present Value C. Weighted Factor Analysis D. Return on Quality E. Breakeven Analysis 77. The Baldrige award is based on seven categories. Which is not one of those? A. Relative profitability B. Strategic planning C. Human resource focus D. Information and Analysis E. Leadership 70. Warranty service, processing of complaints, and costs of litigation are examples of . A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs These are external failure costs AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #70 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 71. Costs of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of . A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs These are appraisal costs AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #71 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 72. Loss of business, liability, productivity and costs are consequences of _. A. Labor Unions B. Globalization C. Poor Quality D. Robotics E. Microfactories Poor quality increases these costs AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #72 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 73. Quality planning and administration, quality training, and quality control procedures are examples of _. A. internal failure costs B. external failure costs C. appraisal costs D. prevention costs E. replacement costs These are prevention costs AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #73 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 74. The purpose of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is to _. A. stimulate efforts to improve quality B. recognize quality achievements of U.S. companies C. publicize successful quality programs D. all of the above E. distribute the grant money available for improved quality All of these are goals of the Baldrige award AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0905 Compare the quality awards Stevenson Chapter 09 #74 Topic Area: Quality Awards 75. Fixing a problem will often cost money; to minimize these costs it is best to find and fix the problem _. A. just before shipping our product to the customer B. immediately after we complete the last operation C. during the design phase D. just before we begin the first production operation E. regardless of when you fix the problem, costs are about the same Fixing a problem during the design phase prevents a failure from ever occurring AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #75 Topic Area: Total Quality Management 76. Deciding how much to invest in the prevention of defects can be analyzed using . A. EVPI B. Net Present Value C. Weighted Factor Analysis D. Return on Quality E. Breakeven Analysis ROQ focuses on the economics of quality efforts AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #76 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 77. The Baldrige award is based on seven categories. Which is not one of those? A. Relative profitability B. Strategic planning C. Human resource focus D. Information and Analysis E. Leadership Relative profitability is not a Baldrige category AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0905 Compare the quality awards Stevenson Chapter 09 #77 Topic Area: Quality Awards 78. ISO 9000 standards do not have a requirement for . A. resource B. remedial C. systems D. training E. management Training isn't a part of ISO 9000 standards AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0902 Explain why quality is important and the consequences of poor quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #78 Topic Area: Quality Certification 79. A quality circle is . A. responsible for quality B. total quality control C. an inspection stamp found on meat D. a voluntary group of employees E. none of the above Quality circles are composed of volunteers AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #79 Topic Area: Quality Tools 80. ISO 9000 currently requires _ of a certified organization. A. Quarterly reporting B. Product diversity C. Annual audits D. A minimum of four supervisory levels E. Continuous improvement Continuous improvement is emphasized in ISO certification AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0902 Explain why quality is important and the consequences of poor quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #80 Topic Area: Quality Certification 81. The quality control improvement tool which distinguishes between the "important few" and the "trivial many" is . A. brainstorming B. check sheets C. Pareto analysis D. causeandeffect diagrams E. failsafe methods Pareto analysis focused on the 80/20 phenomenon AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #81 Topic Area: Quality Tools 82. The quality control improvement tool that resembles a "fishbone" is . A. brainstorming B. check sheets C. Pareto analysis D. causeandeffect diagrams E. failsafe methods These are also known as Ishikawa diagrams AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #82 Topic Area: Quality Tools 83. TQM stands for: A. Taguchie Quality Methods B. Tactical Quality Measurements C. The Quality Matrix D. Total Quality Management E. Total Quantity Measurement TQM stands for Total Quality Management AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #83 Topic Area: Total Quality Management 84. Which of the following is an element of TQM? A. continuous improvement B. competitive benchmarking C. employee empowerment D. team approach E. all of the above All of these are elements of TQM AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #84 Topic Area: Total Quality Management 85. Management behaviors supporting an organizational culture that encourages continuous improvement include which of the following? (I) develop a vision statement for the organization (II) develop a reward system that promotes the philosophy (III) institute continuous training programs (IV) make decisions that adhere to the philosophy A. I, II, and IV B. I, II, III, and IV C. I and III D. II, III, and IV E. II and IV All of these would reflect management focused on continuous improvement AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #85 Topic Area: Total Quality Management 86. The tool that is useful in documenting the current process is: A. a control chart B. a Pareto chart C. a check sheet D. a flow chart E. a simo chart The flow chart graphically depicts how a process works AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #86 Topic Area: Quality Tools 87. The tool that is useful in the collection and organization of data is: A. a control chart B. a Pareto chart C. a check sheet D. a flow chart E. none of the above Check sheets help in the collection and organization of data AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #87 Topic Area: Quality Tools 88. A quality improvement technique that involves the sharing of thoughts and ideas in a way that encourages unrestrained collective thinking is: A. Pareto analysis B. benchmarking C. brainstorming D. a control chart E. a check sheet Brainstorming involves the sharing of thoughts and ideas in a way that encourages unrestrained collective thinking AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #88 Topic Area: Quality Tools 89. In order for TQM to be successful, it is essential that most of the organization be _. A. members of quality circles B. under contract C. ISO certified D. trained in error detection techniques E. in agreement with the philosophy and its goals TQM won't work without substantial buyin AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0908 Give an overview of problem solving Stevenson Chapter 09 #89 Topic Area: Operations Strategy 90. Which of the following raises quality risks? A. currency fluctuations B. outsourcing to lessdeveloped countries C. empowering employees D. benchmarking E. streamlining the supplier base Quality risks increase when outsourcing to lessdeveloped countries AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0901 Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services Stevenson Chapter 09 #90 Topic Area: Introduction Topic Area: Quality and the Supply Chain 91. Focusing attention on the most important problem areas is referred to as: A. quality circles B. quality assurance C. brainstorming D. Pareto analysis E. causeandeffect analysis Pareto analysis directs attention to the most important areas AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #91 Topic Area: Quality Tools 92. A chart showing the number of occurrences by category would be used in: A. Pareto analysis B. interviewing C. causeandeffect diagrams D. benchmarking E. none of the above We would look for root causes to the most frequently occurring quality failures AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #92 Topic Area: Quality Tools 93. Causeandeffect diagrams are sometimes called: A. Pareto diagrams B. fishbone (Ishikawa) diagrams C. run charts D. control charts E. none of the above These help in thinking through what might be causing a quality program AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #93 Topic Area: Quality Tools 94. The process of identifying other organizations that are best at some facet of your operations, and then modeling your organization after them is known as: A. continuous improvement B. employee empowerment C. benchmarking D. copycatting E. industrial espionage It is important to benchmark against bestinclass processes AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools Stevenson Chapter 09 #94 Topic Area: Quality Tools 95. Giving workers responsibility for quality improvements and authority to make changes is known as: A. continuous improvement B. passing the buck C. benchmarking D. employee empowerment E. employee involvement Empowered employees are often very effective in improving quality AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #95 Topic Area: Total Quality Management 96. The typical difference between "quality circles" and "continuous improvement teams" is . A. Quality circles work on product design only B. Continuous improvement teams work on product and process design C. Continuous improvement teams use only engineers while quality circles use just the workers doing the work D. the amount of employee empowerment E. There is no differencethey are just the same Quality circles often work with processes over which they have little authority AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 0908 Give an overview of problem solving Stevenson Chapter 09 #96 Topic Area: Quality Tools 97. Which of the following is not a goal of process improvement? A. increasing customer satisfaction B. reducing waste C. achieving higher quality D. identifying the cause of a problem E. All are the goals Identifying the cause of a problem is an input into the effort to improve the process AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0909 Give an overview of process improvement Stevenson Chapter 09 #97 Topic Area: Problem Solving 98. Managers have obligations to a wide variety of stakeholders such as shareholders, employees and customers. When considering outsourcing production to offshore suppliers, managers have to weigh I) Cost benefits that might make shareholders wealthier II) Quality issues that might make firms less productive and/or products riskier III) The investments already tied up in relationships with existing suppliers A. I B. II C. III D. I and II only E. I, II and III All of these are considerations that must be taken into account AACSB: Ethics Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #98 Topic Area: Operations Strategy 99. Focusing a supply chain on is a modern way of ensuring high quality inputs and a ready supply of processimprovement ideas. A. lowest costper unit sourced B. close, collaborative ties with suppliers C. suppliers that emphasized continuousflow production D. ISO 14000 customers E. partners pursuing similar strategies Collaborative relationships with suppliers often lead to higher quality AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM Stevenson Chapter 09 #99 Topic Area: Total Quality Management 100. As regards quality risks, which of the following would be least likely to involve outsourcing to less developed countries? A. rubber processing B. repetitive assembly C. packaging D. pharmaceuticals E. steel manufacturing Pharmaceutical firms incur substantial quality risks when they outsource to lessdeveloped countries AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #100 Topic Area: Quality and the Supply Chain 101. If customer satisfaction doesn't always lead to customer loyalty, firms may need to focus additional effort on strategies. A. remediation B. retention C. rework D. repatriation E. reprocessing Increasing customer satisfaction doesn't necessarily increase customer loyalty AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 0901 Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services Stevenson Chapter 09 #101 Topic Area: Introduction Topic Area: Operations Strategy 102. Before a dimension of quality can be made operationally useful, it must be restated in some _ form. A. qualitative B. manipulative C. certifiable D. measurable E. marketable Dimensions of quality have to be translated into measurable characteristics AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 0901 Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services Stevenson Chapter 09 #102 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management Topic Area: Introduction ch9 Summary Category AACSB: Ethics # of Questions AACSB: Reflective Thinking 101 Blooms: Remember 95 Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Easy 38 Difficulty: Hard 11 Difficulty: Medium 53 Learning Objective: 0901 Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services 18 Learning Objective: 0902 Explain why quality is important and the consequences of poor quality 10 Learning Objective: 0903 Identify the determinants of quality Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality 12 Learning Objective: 0905 Compare the quality awards Learning Objective: 0906 Discuss the philosophies of quality gurus Learning Objective: 0907 Describe TQM 24 Learning Objective: 0908 Give an overview of problem solving Learning Objective: 0909 Give an overview of process improvement Learning Objective: 0910 Describe and use various quality tools 16 Stevenson Chapter 09 102 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 30 Topic Area: Introduction 18 Topic Area: Operations Strategy Topic Area: Problem Solving Topic Area: Process Improvement Topic Area: Quality and the Supply Chain Topic Area: Quality Awards Topic Area: Quality Certification Topic Area: Quality Tools 17 Topic Area: The Evolution of Quality Management Topic Area: The Foundations of Modern Quality Management: The Gurus Topic Area: Total Quality Management 22 ... True False 25. Cost of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of prevention costs. True False 26. Cost of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of appraisal costs. ... Learning Objective: 0901 Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services Stevenson Chapter 09 #24 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management Topic Area: Introduction 25. Cost of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of prevention costs. ... Learning Objective: 0904 Distinguish the costs associated with quality Stevenson Chapter 09 #25 Topic Area: Insights on Quality Management 26. Cost of inspectors, testing, test equipment, and labs are examples of appraisal costs.