-Động từ chia ở hiện tại V1 Nếu CN ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít ta phải thêm s,es sau động từ *Usage: -Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một chân lý , một sự thật hiển nhiên e.g: The sun rises in the East
Trang 1Lesson 1 : TensesI.Aims and objectives:
-To help s.s review some tenses:
+simples present, present continous, present perfect+simple past, past continous, past perfect
+be going to, simple future-By the end of the lesson s.s will be able to use them to do exercises about sometenses they’ve learnt
He , She ,It +Vs,es
-Động từ chia ở hiện tại (V1)
(Nếu CN ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít ta phải thêm s,es sau động từ)
*Usage:
-Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một chân lý , một sự thật hiển nhiên
e.g: The sun rises in the East Tom comes from England
I am a student-Diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động xảy ra thờng xuyên ở hiện tại
e.g: Mary often goes to school by bike(Ta thêm “es” sau các động từ tận cùng là :o,s,x,ch,sh)
*Adverbs go with simple present:
- often, usually, frequently
e.g: She doesn’t like coffee
They don’t want new shoes
*Interrogative form:
-Với các động từ đặc biệt ta đa nó ra đầu câu và thêm dấu “?”
e.g: Are you tired now ? Can Peter drive a car ?-Với động từ thờng ta thêm “do,does” vào đầu câu (nhớ đa động từ chính vềnguyên mẫu)
e.g: Her father likes tea
Trang 2Does her father like tea ?
+ They do their homework everyday
Do they do their homework everyday?
b) The present continous tense
*Form:
I +am
He, she, it +is +V.ing
We, you, they +are-Diễn tả một hành động dang diễn ra và kéo dài một thời gian ở hiện tại (nó thờng
đi kèm với các cụm từ chỉ thời gian: now, right now, at the moment, at prerent)
e.g : The children are playing soccer now
What are they doing at the moment ?-Thì này cũng tiêp theo câu đề nghị , câu mệnh lệnh
e.g: Look ! The child is crying
Be quiet ! The baby is sleeping in the next room-Diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra
e.g: He is coming tomorrow
*Note: Không dùng thì này với các động từ chỉ nhận thức ,tri giác nh :be, seem,
hear, understand, know, like, want, feel, think, love, see, realize, remember,forget Ta thay bằng simple present
e.g: I am tired now She wants to go for a walk at the moment
c)The present perfect tense.
*Form:
+ I, You, We,They +have +PII
He , She, It +has +PII
- S +haven’t / hasn’t +PII
? Have /Has +S +PII ?
*Usages:
- Diễn tả một hành động đợc lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ
e.g: I have seen that film three times
I have written 6 letters this morning
-Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ mà còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và có khảnăng tiếp tục ở tơng lai
e.g: We have learnt English for 4 years / since 2000
-Diễn tả xảy ra ở quá khứ mà không biết rõ thời gian
E.g: He has gone to Hanoi
*Adverbs:just, recently, lately, ever, never, yet, already, since, for, so far, until
now, up to now, up to present
Trang 3He, She,It
*Usage:
-Diễn tả đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, chấm dứt rồi và biết rõ thời gian
e.g: Tom went to Paris last summer
He died in 1980
*Adverbs: last…, ago, yesterday.
*Negative form
- Với động từ đặc biệt ta thêm “not” vào sau nó
e.g: He wasn’t absent from class yesterday
- Với động từ thờng ta đặt “didn’t” trớc động từ chính
e.g: He didn’t watch T.V last night
*Interrogative form:
-Với động từ đặc biệt ta đa nó ra đầu câu
e.g: Were they in hospital last month?
Could she answer your question then ?
-Với động từ thờng ta đặt “did” ở đầu câu
e.g: Did you see my son , Tom?
b) Past continous:
* Form:
I, You, We, They +were +V.ing
He, She, It +was +V.ing
*Usage:
-Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kéodài một thời gian ở quá khứ
e.g: Yesterday, Mr Moore was working in the library all the afternoon
What were you doing from 3 p.m to 6 p.m yesterday?
- Hành động xảy ra vào một thời điểm ở quá khứ
e.g: I was doing my homework at 6 p.m last Sunday
-Một hành động đang xảy ra thì hành động khác xen vào
e.g: When I came, he was sleeping
- Hai hành động cùng xảy ra song song một lúc ở quá khứ
e.g: Yesterday, I was cooking while my sister was wasing the dishes
* Notes : Không dùng thì này với các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác Ta dùng simple
e.g: We had lived in Hue before 1975
When I got up this morning, my father had already left
Trang 4After the children had finished their homework they went to bed
It was the most difficult question that I had ever known
3)Future tenses:
a) Near future:
+ Dự định sẽ:
I + am
He, she , It +is + going to +V
We, You , They +are+Sắp sửa:
I +am
He, She, It +is +V.ing
We, You, They +are
*Usage:
- Diễn tả một hành động sắp sửa xảy ra hoặc một dự định sắp tới ( thờng trongcâu không có cụm từ chỉ thời gian.)
e.g: My father is retiring
Where are you going to spend your holiday?
b) Simple future:
* Form:
S + will +V
S + Won’t +VWill + S + V?
1 The swimming bath (open) at 9.00 and (close) at 18.30 everyday
2 What time the bank (close) in Britain?
3 I have a car but I (not use) it very often
4 How many cigarettes you( smoke ) aday?
5 What you (do) ? – I’m an electrical engineer
6.Where your father (come) from?
Trang 57.If you need money, why you (not get) a job?.
8 Water boil at 100 0c
9 George (not go) to the movie very often
10 The earth (go) around the sun
II- Present continuous:
1 Please be quiet ! I (try) to concentrate
2 Look ! It (snow)
3 Why you( look ) at me like that?
4 I (not work) this week I’m on holiday
5 The population (rise) very fast
6 You (make) a lot of noise Can you be a bit quieter?
7 They (have) lunch in the canteen now
8 He (write) a long novel at present?
9 Excuse me, I (look) for a phone box Is there anyone near here?
10 Why you (wear) your coat today? It’s warm
III- simple present or present continuous :
1 Mr Green always (go) to work by bus
2 It (not rain) in the dry season
3 .Be quiet ! The baby (sleep)
4 4 It (be) very cold now
5 It (rain ) much in summer It (rain) now
6 My little sister (drink )milk everyday
7 The doctor sometimes (return) home late
8 They (cook) some food in the kitchen at present She always (cook) in themorning
9 Look ! The bus (come)
10 Some thing (smell)good in the kitchen now
IV- present perpect:
1 They (not) speak to each other since they quarelled
2 I wonder where he (live) since then
3 How long you (study) English? – For 5 years
4 You already (drink) three cups of coffee since I (sat) here
5 We (go) on a picnic in the countryside several times before
6 My father (work) in this factory for many years
7 I just (buy) a new bike
V- simple past:
1.Tom (not shave) this morning because he (not have) time
2 Where you (go)?
3 I (be) hungry, so I (buy) something to eat
4 She (not invite) her to the party
5 They (be) at work yesterday?
6 We all (leave) the party at 11 o’clock
Trang 68 What you (do) at the weekend?
VI- past continuous;
1 This time last year I (live) in Brazil
2 What you (do) at 10 o’clock lastnigt?
3 Tom (cook) the dinner
4 Tom burn his hand when he (cook) the dinner
5 We( read ) a book when he arrived
6 What he (do) when you came?
7 At 9.o’clock yesterday Lan (not watch) T.V
VII- past simple or past continuous:
1 His uncle (teach) English in our school 5 years ago
2 The old man (fall) as he( get ) into the bus
3 They (not go ) to the movies last Sunday
4 When I saw him, he (sit) asleep in a chair
5 You (find) my pen yesterday?
6 Where she (be) at 5 o’clock this morning?
7 It (take) me 5 minutes to walk to school last year
8 The light (go) out when we (study) our lesson
9 There (be) a lot of noise at the fair yesterday
10.They (give) me the letter a few minutes ago
VIII- past perfect:
1.Miss.Snow (type) ten letters before lunch times yesterday
2 The train (start) before we arrived
3 The film already (begin) when we got to the movie
4 Mr Brown died after he (be) ill for a long time
5 By December 1st last year, he (work) in the bank for 5 years
6 By 7 o’clock this morning they (leave) for France
IX- simple future:
1 I(be) Twenty years old next June
2 I expect Carol (get) a job
3 She (give) him my message when she sees him
4 They (go) to the circus next week?
5 We (not see) you next year
X- simple future or simple present:
1 We (go) out when the rain (stop)
2 I (stay) here until he (answer) me
3 Wait until I (catch) you
4 She (not come) until you (be) ready
5 Miss.Helen (help) as soon as she (finish) that letter tomorrow
XI-All tenses:
1 What you (do) at 7 p.m yesterday?
2 We didn’t recognize him He (change) a lot
Trang 73 Where you (spend) your holiday last year?
4 He (do) nothing before he (see) me
5 All of them (sing) when I came
6 She constantly (invite) me to lunch and dine with her once or twice a year
7 Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) to you?
8 They had sold all the books when we (get) there
9 Where you (be) ? – I’m upstairs I (have) a bus
10.Jonh (drive) that car ever since I (know) him
11.He (come) and (see) me soon
12.My mother (come) to stay with us next weekend
13.Where you (spend) your holidays next summer?
14.Violets (bloom) in spring
C.Homework:
-Do again the exercises and prepare the next ones
Lesson 2 : Passive voice
I Aim and objectives:
-To help s.s review the active and the passive voice, and how to change from thepassive into the passive
- By the end of the lesson, s.s will be able to do the exercises better
II Proceduce:
1 Active: Mr Smith teaches English
Passive: English is taught by Mr Smith
2 Quy tắc:
+Hiện tại đơn- Quá khứ đơn:
S + am, is, are +PII
was, were
e.g: John delivers the newspapers every morning
The newspapers are delivered every morning
Mary wrote that leter
That letter was written by Mary
+Hiện tại, quá khứ tiếp diễn:
S + am, is, are + being +PII
was, were
e.g: He is asking me a lot of questions
I am being asked a lot of questions
She was doing her homework at that time
Her homework was being done at that time
+Hiện tại , quá khứ hoàn thành:
S +have, has, had + been + PII
e.g: My mother has done that cake
Trang 8That cake has done by my mother
They had prepared a dinner before we came
A dinner had been prepared before we came
+ Động từ khuyết thiếu:
S + khuyết thiếu + be +PII
e.g : My friend can answer this question
This question can be answered by my friend
The manager should sing these contacts today
These contacts should be signed by the manager today
3.Chủ ngữ chủ động- Tân ngữ bị động
e.g My mother made this cake
This cake was made by my mother
-Me, you, him, her, us, them, people, somebody, someone… nên bỏ khỏi câu bị
động neu không muốn rõ tác nhân
e.g: Someone has sent me the flowers
I have been sent the flowersTrạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trớc “by”, trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau “by”
e.g: The police found him in the forest
He was found in the forest by the police
My parents are going to buy a car tomorrow
A car is going to bought by my parents tomorrow
4 Một số dạng nhờ bảo khác:
a) Dạng nhờ bảo: have, get
Active: S + have +O(person) +V +O(thing)
Pasive: S + have +O(thing) +PII + by +O(person)
e.g: I had him repair my car yesterday
I had my car repaired yesterday
Active: S + get +O(person) +to V + O(thing)
S + get +O(thing) +PII +by +O(person)
e.g: I had her to make some coffee
I had some coffee made
b)Động từ chỉ về ý kiến: say, think, believe, report…
e.g: peopple say thathe is a famous doctor
It is said that he is a famous doctor
He is said to be a famous doctor
They thought that Mary had gone away
Mary was thought to have gone away
B Exercises:
i- simple present:
1.Tom does some exercises everyday
2 My aunt makes good cakes
3 Workers repair my roof of my school
4.The new teacher teaches English
Trang 95 People like football now
6 Alice visits her grandparents every week
7 My grandfather contains old photographs in those boxes
8 Sleepy drivers often cause accidents
9 Bill feeds the pigs every morning
10 Does Jonh break that window?
II-present continuous:
1 Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife
2 Students are writing the lesson now
3 Someone is cutting the glass now
4 They are repairing my piano at the moment
5 A neighbor is looking after the children
6 They are painting the walls now
III-present perfect:
1 They have not used this machine for ages
2 Peter has sung this song
3 They have paid doctor a lot of money
4 She has eaten all the eggs
5 Famous engineers have disigned the aircraft
6 Have several people just seen the accidents?
7 The news has surprised me
8 John has broken my watch
IV- simple past:
1 Tim found the bike
2 A violent storm destroyed the fishing village
3 Did your daughter eat that pie?
4 Her husband didn’t love her
5 Lasl night, our grandmother told us an interesting story
6 A policeman took him to the police station
7 They invited a lot of people to their party last night
8 Christopher discovered America in 1492
V- past continuous:
1 Peter was writing a letter to his friend
2 My friends were making some phone calls
3 Bad drivers were causing many accidents
4.Alex was preparing that report when I came to see him
5 Was Mary helping her mother at that time?
6 Waiters and waitresses were serving customers
7 Presidents were signing those papers at 8 o’clock yesterday
VI- simple future:
1 They will hold the meeting before May Day
2 She will use milk to make yoghurt
Trang 103 You will do these exercises tomorrow
4 Someone will post my parcel
5 We won’t keep those books for reference
6 They will issue the library card soon
7 He will write a novel next year
8 They will finish the test on time
VII- modal:
1 You must keep dogs in the garden
2 Passengers shouldn’t throw their tickets
3 Candidates may not use dictionaries
4 A machine could do this much more easily
5 they ought to lock him up
6 Thuy has to finish her work tonight
7 People ought to introduce him to the village
8 You can see him off at the airport
9 No one could do anything to put the fire off
10 He is going to present the athletes to the spectators
VIII- All tenses:
1 He turned off the lights when he went out
2 They made the instrument long ago
3 Some one will translate this letter into vietnamese
4 Our grandmother tells children’s stories to us
5 You haven’t answered my question yet
6 Have they paid you the money?
7 He drives me to my office
8 The teacher explains the lesson
9 Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen
10.These boys made that noise
11.People speak English all over the wold
12.I can’t do these exercises quickly
13.The movie has disappointed us very much
14 The police are holding him for further questioning
15 Somebody has locked the box and I can’t open it
16 He shouldn’t do that silly thing
17 My sister gave me a new pair of jeans on my fifteen birthday
18.The workers are building a supermarket on your street
19.The zoo keepers feed the animals twice a day
20 They have sold their car to pay their debt
21 We are going to grow flowers in the front garden
22 You mustn’t use this machine after 5.30 p.m
23 My grandmother is knitting a new sweater for me
24 Did people make jeans two hundred years ago?
25 We don’t use this kind of cloth to make shirts
Trang 1126 Vietnamese women continue to wear the unique and fashionable “ao dai”
EX:Rewrite sentences
1 Tom wrote that letter – That letter
2 They built a stadium near the river – A stadium
3 Our children do a lot of homework – A lot of homework
4 Jack cleaned the window – The window
5 They have celebrated Teacher’s Day largely since 1982 Teacher’s Day
6 A lot of money has been spent on advertising in recent years – They
7 Has that house been built for a long time? – Have ?
8 The keepers feed the lions at 3 p.m everyday The lions
9 They are pulling down the old theater at the moment The old theater
10.They can’t make tea with cold water – Tea
C.Homework:
Do exercises again and prepare the next ones
Lesson 3: Reported speech I.Aims and objectives:
-To help s.s review the way to change from direct into reported speech
- By the end of the lesson s.s will be able to do exercises better
II.Proceduce:
*Lời nói gián tiếp là tờng thuật lại ý của ngời nói
*Nếu động từ chính ở thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại hoàn thành, tơng lai đơn thì ta chỉ thay đổi đại từ
e.g: The farmer says” I hope it will rain tomorrow”
The farmer says he hopes it will rain tomorrow
She has said” I am tired now”
She has said that she is tired now
*Nếu động từ chính ở thì quá khứ thì trong lời trích dẫn ta phải thay đổi thì, các
từ, cụm từ chỉ thời gian, vị trí, đại từ…
1 Thay đổi thì(Change in tenses of verbs)
Direct Indirect
Simple present - simple past
Present continous - past continous
Simple past - past perfect
Present perfect - past perfect
Past continuos - past perfect continous
Simple future - future in the past
2 Động từ khuyết thiếu:(modal verbs)
Trang 12must - had to
must not - was/were not to
can - could/ be able to
will/shall - would/ should
3 TÝnh tõ vµ tr¹ng tõ(change in adj and adv)
this - that
these - those
here - there
now - then
today - that day
yesterday - the day before
tomorrow - the day after/the next day
ago - before
next week - the week after/ the following week
4 C©u mÖnh lÖnh gi¸n tiÕp:
- e.g:”Hurry up , Lan”
He told Lan to hurry up
“Shut down the door”
He ordered them to shut down the door
“Don’t leave the room”
He ordered them not to leave the room
“Please don’t tell anybodywhat happened.”
He told me not to tell anybody what had happened
e.g : Have you seen that film?
He asked me if I had seen that film
Will Tom be here tomorrow?
She wondered if Tom would be there the day after
b.) Wh- questions:
e.g: What time does the film begin?
He asked me what time the film began
What will happen if she can’t find her passport ?
What would happen if she couldn’t find her passport
*Lêi dÉn: ask, require, wonder, want to know….
6 C©u trÇn thuËt:
* Lêi dÉn: say , tell
e.g: He said to her” You are my friend.”
She said to her that she was her friend
Trang 13Johny said to his mother”I don’t know to do this exercise”
Johny said to his mother he didn’t know how to do that exercise
Reported speech
i- reported statements:
1 “ I’ll see you tomorrow’’
2 “ I saw her today’’
3 “I don’t like this film’’⇒ She said
4 “ We went swimming today’’ ⇒ She said
5 “ I’ll meet Mary on Sunday’’⇒ She said
6 “ Peter and Sue are getting married tomorrow’’ ⇒ He said
7 “I really like this furniture’’ ⇒ She said
8 “ I’m meeting them at four o’clock today’’ ⇒ He said
9 “ I live here with my parents’’ ⇒ He said
10 “ Our new house is beautiful’’⇒ 11 “ I want to be a teacher of English’’⇒ 12 “ I can’t speak chinese’’ ⇒ 13 “ My sister is now having a wonderful time in Nha Trang’’⇒ 14 “ I’ll be very busy today’’⇒ 15 “ I must come to the meeting tomorrow’’⇒ 16.“ These roses are for you’’⇒She told me
17 “ I’m going away tomorrow , mother’’⇒ 18 “ Nothing can grow in my garden It never gets sun ⇒ 19 “ It is so foggy today’’⇒ 20 “ If you answer the questions correctly, you may win us 100⇒ 21 “ I have to clean the floor today’’⇒ 22.“ These roses are cut from my garden’’⇒ My aunt said
23 “ If it rain this afternoon, it will be too wet to play soccer tomorrow’’⇒
II- reported yes no questions.–
1 “Do you want to buy any second – hand books?’’, Bill asked ⇒
2 “Do you play any musical instruments?’’
3 “Will you have time to play regularly? ’’
4 “Do you play for your school team?’’
5 “Can you speak any other languages?’’
6 “Are you interested in learning English?’’
7 “Is there a phone?’’
8 “Do you have many friends?’’
9 “Do you often get home after 10 30 p.m?’’
10.“Can you speak English?’’
11.“Are you working as well as studying?’’
12.“Are you interested in acting?’’
13.“Is there a college orchestra?’’
Trang 1414.“Have you seen my car keys?’’
15.“Will you come here next week?’’
16.“Are you hungry?’’
17.“Does your brother live in London?’’
18.“Do you know who broke the window?’’
19.“Have you heard yourself?’’
20.“Have you finished your exam?’’
21.“Do you live near your family?’’
III- Wh-questions :
1 “Why do you have to do this work?’’⇒ He asked me
2 What are you doing?
3 What will you do when you leave school?
4 How did you know my name?
5 Why didn’t you phone me?
6 When can I see the doctor?
7 Where are you going?
8 Where are you going to spend the holiday?
9 How big are the classes?
10.What sorts of food do they serve?
11.How long are you staying here?
12.What are you going to study ?
13.What kind of sports do you like best?
14.What do you think of the canteen coffee?
15.What’s the name of the college?
16.How many students are there in the college?
17.Who is the headmaster?
18.What country do you come from?
19.How long do you stay here?
20.How will you use English in the future?
21.How far is it to the school?
22.How do you go to school?
23.Why are you so late?
24.How did you get to school?
25.Why won’t they let me in?
26.Who do you want to talk to?
IV-reported commands , requests :
1 “Sit down, Mary’’
2 “Don’t go near the sea , children’’
3 Don’t be late ,Jim’’, Jim’s father told
4 “Be quiet, children’’
5 “Open the door ,please’’
6 “Hurry up,’’He told me
7 “Do this test again, please’’