GRAMMAR: REPORTED SPEECH (câu tường thuật)

ngữ pháp, cấu trúc và ví dụ, bài tập cơ bản có đáp án của câu tường thuật trong tiếng anh. có 4 loại câu tường thuật.................................................................................................................................................

REPORTED SPEECH (câu tường thuật)

S: Subject

V: verb

adv: adverb adj: adjective

O: object

Câu tường thuật là câu thuật lại lời nói của người khác

Qui t c làm: ắ

 Đổi S,V, O, tính từ sở hữu cho phù hợp

 Nếu V ở mệnh đề 1 ở hiện tại  không lùi thì

 Nếu V ở mệnh đề quá khứ  lùi thì

Simple present simple past

present continuos past continuos

past continuos past perfect continuos

present perfect past perfect

present perfect continuos past perfect continuos

Am/is/are/going to+V was/were/going to+V

must/haveto/have to had to

Should/ought to should/ought to

_ Đổi adv of time, adv of place

Tomorrow the next day/ the day after/ the following

day

Yesterday the day before/ the previous day

today that day tonight that night

*CÓ 4 LOẠI CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT:

1. Command/ request: Câu yêu cầu Là câu bắt đầu bằng cấu trúc V,

Don’t V

S + Asked told + O + To V V

ordered

1) “Stand up! Put your hands up.” The robber said to them

→ The robber told them to stand up and put their hands up

2) “Fight for your rights.” He said to us

3) “Show me your driving license, please.” The police said to Tom

4) “Don’t move this table, Jack.” Jane said

2. Statement: Câu phát biểu là câu có S

S + + O + (that) + S + V (lùi thì)

*(that): có thể có hoặc không

Exercise:

1) “I’m going away tomorrow.” He said

→ He said tome (that) he was going away the next day

2) “Our family moved to a new flat yesterday.” They said

3) “You must hand in your paper now, students.” The teacher said

4) “I haven’t seen this animal before.” She said

3. Yes/ No question

S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + V (lùi thì)

Execise:

→ Ann asked me if I was French

4. WH-question

said to

Who what which why how When which

S + asked + O + + S + V (lùi thì)

*Lưu ý: phải đổi câu hỏi về khẳng định

Am/ is/ are + S S + was/ were

Was/ Were + S S + had been

Do/Does + S +V Bỏ Do/does, S + /

Did + S + V Bỏ Did, S + Had + /

Exercise:

→ I asked Tom where he has worked the year before

ĐÁP ÁN:

1. Command/ request

2) He told us to fight for our rights.

3) The police asked Tom to show him his driving lisence.

4) Jane told Jack not to move that table

2. Statement

2) They said (that) their family had moved to a new flat the day before 3) The teacher told the student that they had to hand in their papers then.

4) She said that she hadn’t seen that animal.

3. Yes-no questions

2) Lan asked Nam if he his cousin had some friends there.

4. WH-question

2) I asked him what he had done to my room.

3) They asked me when they could meet me again.