Alan was talking to his friends: “I’m so tired because I have been working all day.” Câu trần thuật 3.. Câu hỏi YES/NO * LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP/ CÂU TRẦN THUẬT/ CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT 1.. Như vậy,
Trang 1TRẦN LÂM MINH HUY 1
REPORTED SPEECH
(CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT/ LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP)
-0o0 - I/ CÁC VÍ DỤ ĐIỂN HÌNH
*LỜI NÓI TRỰC TIẾP/ CÂU TRỰC TIẾP
1 Bill: “Let’s go to the park this weekend.” Câu đề nghị
2 Alan was talking to his friends: “I’m so tired because I have been working all
day.”
Câu trần thuật
3 Mom said to me: “Could you please help me with the household chores this
Sunday?”
Câu cầu khiến
4 The boss said to his employers: “Don’t be late for the meeting this evening Câu mệnh lệnh
5 “What is your full name, please?” said the IELTS Speaking Examiner asked
Han
Câu hỏi với WH question
6 “You should not stay up too late at night”, said the doctor to a high school
student
Câu cho lời khuyên
7 “Do you love me?” Lan said to her crush Câu hỏi
YES/NO
* LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP/ CÂU TRẦN THUẬT/ CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
1 Bill suggested going to the park that weekend
2 Alan said that he was so tired because he had been working all day
3 Mom asked me to help her with the household chores that Sunday
4 The boss ordered his employers not to be late for the meeting the following week
5 The IELTS Speaking Examiner asked Han what her full name was
6 The doctor advised a high school student not to stay up too late at night
7 Lan asked her crush whether he loved her
Như vậy, từ ví dụ trên, chúng ta thấy có tổng cộng 7 dạng câu CƠ BẢN trong lời nói trực tiếp:
1 Câu đề nghị
2 Câu trần thuật
3 Câu cầu khiến
4 Câu mệnh lệnh
5 Câu cho lời khuyên
6 Câu hỏi với WH question
7 Câu hỏi YES/NO
Trang 2TRẦN LÂM MINH HUY 2
II/ PHÂN LOẠI VÀ CÁCH DÙNG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP
Phân
loại
Nhận dạng trong LỜI NÓI TRỰC TIẾP
Động từ dùng trong LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP Ví dụ
Câu đề
nghị
• Let us (Let’s)…!
• How about/ What about…?
• Why not + Vo…?
• I think we should…
• suggested + v-ing
• S + suggested that
S2 + (should) Vo
“Let’s stop for a while!” said the guide
8 The guide suggested
stopping/that we should stop for a while
Câu trần
thuật
• Câu kể
• Câu chúc mừng
• Câu khen ngợi
• Câu phàn nàn
said that…
congratulated sb on
V-ing
complimented sb on
sth
complained to sb
about (doing) sth
The boy said: “I’m so exhausted after the game I have taken part in.”
The boy said that he was
really exhausted after the game he had taken part in
“Lan, congratulations You’re wonderful You have passed the National Entrance Exam to University 2018 this year.”, said her brother
Lan’s brother congratulated
her on passing the National
Entrance Exam to University
2018 this year
“Great You could handle a very difficult situation in the fire last week.” The man talked to me
The man complimented me
on handling a very difficult
situation in the fire the previous week
“You are always making too much noise at night, which irritates me a lot.”, said a neighbor living next-door
A neighbor living next-door
complained to me about
making so much noise at night
Câu cầu
khiến
• Could/Will you…
please?
• Would you mind Ving …?
• asked sb to do sth
• had sb do sth
• get sb to do sth
• had/ get sth done (by sb)
“Would you mind giving me a hand with my teaching project?”, the form teacher said to me
The form teacher asked me
to give her a hand with her
teaching project
Trang 3TRẦN LÂM MINH HUY 3
“Huy, repair the door for me.”,
my grandparent said to me yesterday evening
My grandparents had me
repair the door in the
evening of the day before
Câu
mệnh
lệnh/ câu
thúc giục
• Động từ thường ở đầu câu
• Don’t (Do not) + động từ thường đầu câu
told/ ordered sb to
do sth
urged/ encouraged
sb to do sth
“Keep up with their research
projects, guys”, the supervisor said with a hurry
The supervisor urged/ told/
encouraged the students to keep up with their research
projects
Câu cho
lời
khuyên
• Should/ought to Vo
• If I were you, I would…
advised sb to do sth
recommended that s
should/ ving
“You ought to eat more fruits to keep fit and stay healthy.”, said the nurse to Lisa
The nurse advised Lisa to
eat more fruits to keep fit and
stay healthy
Câu hỏi
WH-question
• What/ Where/
When/ Who/ How/
Which …?
• S1 asked sb what/
where/ when/ who/
how/ which S2 …
Can you tell me how long does it take me to the zoo near here?
A strange visitor asked me
how long it took him to the
zoo near there
Câu hỏi
YES/NO
• Trợ động
từ (Auxilinary
verbs) của các thì
đứng đầu câu, cuối câu là dấu chấm hỏi
• S1 asked sb if/
whether S2 …
Do you remember my birthday? asked Lan to Hung and Phong
Lan asked Hung and Phong if the remembered her birthday
Câu hứa
hẹn
• I will… promised to do sth “Ok Don’t worry I’ll pay money
back to you”, said Linda to Kim Tien
Linda promised to pay
money back to Kim Tien
* SỰ THAY ĐỔI THÌ TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP
Thì trong lời nói trực tiếp Lùi thì trong lời nói gián tiếp Hiện tại đơn
“I go to school by bicycle every day.”- said Huy
Quá khứ đơn
Huy said that he went to school by bicycle every day
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
“The children are playing football in the yard.”-
said their parent now
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
Their parent said that the children were playing
football in the yard then
Hiện tại hoàn thành
“I have learnt English for nearly 10 years.”-said
Nam
Quá khứ hoàn thành
Nam said that he had learnt English for nearly 10
years
Trang 4TRẦN LÂM MINH HUY 4
Tương lai gần
“My mother is going to Nha Trang next week”,
said Lan
Was/were going to
Lan said that her mother was going to Nha Trang the
following week
Động từ khiếm khuyết
• will
• can
• may
• shall
• must
• (be) used to
• would
• could
• might
• should
• have to/must
• would
* SỰ THAY ĐỔI CHỦ TỪ, TÂN NGỮ, TÍNH TỪ SỞ HỮU, TRẠNG TỪ THỜI GIAN NƠI CHỐN
TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP Loại Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Chủ từ/ Chủ ngữ
I
we you
he/ she they you
Tân từ/ bổ ngữ
me
us you
him/ her them you
Tính từ sở hữu
my our your
his/ her their your
Trạng từ thời gian
(right) now ago
next (month/year/week…) today
tomorrow yesterday last (month/year/week…)
(right) then, straight away before
the following (month/year/week…) the next/ following day the day before/ the previous day the previous
(month/year/week…);
(month/year/week…) before
Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn & linh
tinh
(over)here this these
(over)there that
those