TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUẢN LÝ ĐẤT ĐAI MODULE 1 1. Too much cultivation will destroy the soil structure. 2. The plants produce food from chemical substances which present in the soil and air. 3. We can use a unit called the soil profile to describe soils. 4. When we want to compare two soils, we ‘d better examine their profiles. 5. The root hairs are parts of plants which absorb water and mineral from soil. 6. The temperature of wet soils is lower than that of welldrained soils. 7. Seeds cannot germinate in a soil which lacks sufficient oxygen. 8. It takes a century to form 1 inch of new topsoil. MODULE 2. MATCHING 1.topography(địa hình) on map 2.elevation (độ cao) heigh above a given level 3.erosion(xói mòn) the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, 4.decomposision (sự phân hủy) rooting,decay 5.alluvium(sự bồi tích) producing fertile soil 6.colluvium(sự lở tích) accumulates at the foot ò a steep slope 7.permeable(thấm qua) allowing liquids or gases to pass through it 8.floodplain(đồng bằng) an area of low lying ground adjacent to a river..to flooding 9.horizon(tầng) a layer of soil or rock with particular characteritics 10.rainfall(mưa lớn) the quantity of rain falling FURTHER 1. Formation 2. Combination 3. Active 4. Direction 5. Different 6. Composision 7. Biological 8. Relately
TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH QUẢN LÝ ĐẤT ĐAI MODULE Too much cultivation will destroy the soil structure The plants produce food from chemical substances which present in the soil and air We can use a unit called the soil profile to describe soils When we want to compare two soils, we ‘d better examine their profiles The root hairs are parts of plants which absorb water and mineral from soil The temperature of wet soils is lower than that of welldrained soils Seeds cannot germinate in a soil which lacks sufficient oxygen It takes a century to form inch of new topsoil MODULE MATCHING 1.topography(địa hình) on map 2.elevation (độ cao) heigh above a given level 3.erosion(xói mịn) the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, 4.decomposision (sự phân hủy) rooting,decay 5.alluvium(sự bồi tích) producing fertile soil 6.colluvium(sự lở tích) accumulates at the foot ị a steep slope 7.permeable(thấm qua) allowing liquids or gases to pass through it 1 8.floodplain(đồng bằng) an area of low lying ground adjacent to a river to flooding 9.horizon(tầng) a layer of soil or rock with particular characteritics 10.rainfall(mưa lớn) the quantity of rain falling FURTHER Formation Combination Active Direction Different Composision Biological Relately 2 MODULE MATCHING 1.ownership (sở hữu) the holding of property, espercially real property 2.inderpendent(độc lập) not influenced or controlled by other in matter of opinion 3.fairness(công bằng) fair or impartial 4.registratipon(sự đăng ký) the act of registering 5.equity(tính dân chủ) the state condition or quality of being fair 6.record(hồ sơ) an account in writing or the like preserving the memory or of facts or events data(dữ liệu) individual facts, statistic, or items of information 8.tunure (sự chiếm hữu) legal right of possession The ownership, value and use of land although independent in concept, are interdependent in practice A cadastre is similar to a land register in that it contains a set of records about land A right is something to which some person or group of persons is entiled The function of land registration is to provide a safe and certain foundation for the acquisition, enjoyment and disposal of rights in land Data that may appear in a cadastre include: geometric data (coordinates, maps); property addresses; land use; real property information; the nature and duration of the tenure; details about the construction of buildings and apartments; population; land taxation values 3 A I 10 The term land information system is applied to a wide range of spatial information, including environmental and socio-economic data as well as data related to infrastructure systems FURTHER PRACTICE Finish each of following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it The film was so interesting that everyone wanted to see it It was such an interesting film that everyone wanted to see it It was such bad weather that we couldn’t go out The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go out It was such an interesting book that I couldn’t put it down The book was so interesting that I couldn’t put it down The day was so nice that I went out for a walk It was such a nice day that I went out for a walk It was such amusing news that Rose burst into tears The news was so amusing that Rose burst into tears The furniture was so expensive that I couldn’t buy it The furniture was too expensive for me to buy He was so poor that he couldn’t go to expensive restaurants He was too poor to go to expensive restaurants The song was so long that we couldn’t listen to the end It was such a long song that we couldn’t listen to the end The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it The furniture was too expensive for me to buy The film was so boring that we left before the end We were so bored with the film that we left before the end 4 II III For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence, but using the word given This word must not be altered in any way Not many people attended the meeting (TURNOUT) It turnout that not many people attended the meeting Dicken’s last novel was unfinished when he died (WITHOUT) Dicken’s last novel was unfinished without him All the hostages were released yesterday by the kidnappers (LET) The kidnappers let all the hostages released yesterday I never thought of going by train (OCCURRED) It occurred by accident when I went by train He said he disapproved of people who smoked (EXPRESSED) He expressed his disapprovement of people who smoked Make sentences, using the words given The system of land registration are directed at protecting the interests of individual landowners Cadastres are based either on the proprietary land parcel or on the taxable area of land The function of land registration is to provide a safe and certain foundation for the aquisition of rights in land A land administration system should provide order and stability in society A cadastre is similar to a land register in that it contains a set of records about land MODULE 5 MATCHING 1.boundary( ranh giới) limit of an area 2,dimension (kích thước) length , breadth, depth 3.parcel( mảnh đất) piece of land 4.entrust (giao phó) assign the responsibity 5.integrity(chính trực) the state ị being whole and undivided 6.photogrammetry(quan trắc) photography in surving and mapping 7.technique(kĩ thuật) the performance of a scientific procedure 8.theodolite( máy kinh vĩ)a surveying instrument with a rotating telescope 9.obsolete(lạc hậu) no longer produced used 10.graphical(đồ họa) relating to or in the form of a graph DẠNG ĐÚNG CỦA TỪ Subdivision Scientific/measurements Surveying Management Classic Dimensional MODULE 1.register(ghi nhận) an official list or record of names or items 2.obscure(trái nghĩa) make unclear and difficult to understand 3.geocode(mạng địa lí) the characterization of a region,neighborhood based on population statistic 6 4.grantor(người chuyển nhượng)a person that makes a grant or conveyance 5.altitude(độ cao) the height ị an object to sea level 6.strereoscope(nhìn thấy)a device by which two photopgaph ò the same object 7.embankment(đê)a wall or bank of earth or stone built to preventa river 8.bearing(bộ dạng)the direction or position of something, or the direction of movement 9.concrete( bê tông) a building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel,sand 10.grid(lưới)a network of lines that cross each other to form Cadastral maps are an important component of land administration in most countries In developing countries cadastral surveying and cadastral mapping are often criticised for being slow and expensive Cadastral mapping in developing countries is essential for economic development and environmental management Cadastral maps show the relative location of all parcels in a given region Cadastral maps commonly range from scales of 1:500 to 1: 10000 II Complete paragraphs The Danish cadastre, which derived from the results of the enclosure movement, was established in the year 1844 From the beginning the cadastre consisted of two parts; the cadastral register and the cadastral maps Both of these 7 components have been updated continually ever since The purpose of establishing the cadastre was to levy land taxes based on the yielding capacity of rural properties Of historical interest the first Danish cadastre was created in 1688, however it lost its value over the years since there were no maps and no provision for updating the register As a result of the enclosure movement, the former feudalistic society was changed into a society based on private ownership to land The necessary maps for implementing this process were surveyed by plane table at the scale of 1:4,000 This basic mapping took place during the last two decades of the eighteenth century The resulting property framework from the enclosure movement formed the basis for the new cadastral maps This meant that there were no legal survey measurements defining original property boundaries Each map normally includes a village and the associated cultivated areas As a result the maps are "island maps" covering different areas and are not based on any local or national control network MODULE MATCHING 1.reflectance( hệ số phản xạ) the measure of the proportion of light gauge (phán đoán) estimate or determine the amount,level 3.thermometer( nhiệt kế) an instrument for measuring and indicating temperature,typically one consisting of a narrow sensor (viễn thám) a physical property and record,indicates 8 5.ambient(xung quanh) relating to the immediate surroundings 6.detect( tìm ra) discover or indentify the precence or existence absorption ( hút) the process by which one thing absorbs 8.spectrum ( quang phổ) a band of colours, as seen in a rainbow, produced 9.substantial ( đáng kể) of considerable importance, size 10.infrared( hồng ngoại) in frared radition has a wavelength I Fill in the gaps Remote sensing is a technique that enables to observe the radiation scattered or emitted by the Earth surface Satellite-based remote sensing allows regular, repetitive, accurate observations of nearly the whole planet, at various spatial and temporal scales, in several wavelength fields Such observations render the nature, state, temporal and spatial variations of the properties of the objects at the Earth surface By way of example, water-covered areas, roughness, soil moisture, changes in the nature of land, density and phenological evolution of the vegetation cover, sand winds, are information included in these observations Nevertheless, these observations usually combine together, making them more or less difficult to extract from the raw data transmitted by satellites The science of remote sensing consists in interpreting and processing the series of spatial and temporal images in order to extract such parameters, qualitatively or quantitatively Desertification is a phenomenon of 9 irreversible land degradation It results from complex processes linked to the coupled and joint evolution of natural and human-induced factors The beginning, development and results of such processes are materialised by land surface states and their evolution II Finish each of the following sentences… The main objects of cadastral surveying are boundaries Ground method provide less extensive information than aerial photos When did they apply GIS in cadastral survey? Satellite images are usually taken from 9:30 to 10:00 It is essential for present and future generations if stewardship of land is good III Rearrange Remote sensing is a technique to observe the earth surface from out of space using satellites Remote sensing uses a part or several parts of the electromagnetic spectrum Remote sensing imagery has many applications in mapping land-use, agriculture, soil mapping, city planning, military observation, etc Remote sensing records the electromagnetic energy reflected or emitted by the earth’s surface 10 10 During early half of twentieth century, topographical mapping and aerial photos were used in military surveys MODULE 5 I: Gis can be described by many different kinds of data on one map Gis helps you to analyze adatabase and get results in the form of the map The process of converting implicit data into explicit is called geocoding Gographic data can be stored in a raster graphics or a vector graphics format Giss manipulate or rescale geographic data for different purpose II: We started to chose the title system to manage land throughout the country many years ago Processing collecte data took the team two hours You can chose more than modern equipments in the field of surveying To give students the meaning of the technical terms is essential It is very useful for land registration to carry out surveys, land assessment and cadastral mapping He managed to solve land dispute between two parties Surveyors use giss extensively for management, planning and design 11 11 10 How is the way that you make a direct measurement ? The deed system has been applied by cadastral officials for a long time Measured data must be process by suveyors before they use them MODULE GPS use satellite data to calculate an accurate position on the earth Gps all work in a similar manner but they often look very different and have different software The most significant difference between GPS receivers is the number of satellites they can simultaneously communicate with All satellites orbit in the GPS constellation of the earth nominal altitude at 20200 km Gps receivers automatically records data into their memory according to elapsed time or dthe coistance moved MATCHING 1.receive( người nhận) a piece of radio or television apparatus 2.ionsphere( tầng điện li)the layer ò the earth atmosphere which contains a high 3.particle(phân tử) any of numerous subatomic consituents ò the physical ửold 4.troposphere(tầng đối lưu) the lowest region of the atmosphere extending from 5.mantle(lớp vỏ)the region of the earth interior between the crust and the core 12 12 II 6.crust(vỏ trái đất)the outermost layer of rock of which a planet consist 7.divergent(phân kỳ)tending to be diferent or develop 8.convergent(hội tụ)coming closer together 9.deformation(làm biến dạng)deforming or distorting 10.summit(đỉnh)the highest point of a hill or mountain MODULE 11 There are four land administration functions: land tenure, land value, land use and land development Different countries will also put varying emphasis on each of the four functions, depending on their cultural basis and level of economic development Property rights are normally concerned with ownership and tenure Land Administration Systems (LAS) facilitate the implementation of land policies in both developed and developing countries Land value relates to the management and adjudication of doubts and disputes regarding land rights and parcel boundaries All the four functions of land administration are interrelated Matching the words to their definitions Words 13 Ans wer Definitions Tenure 1- e a A formal judgement on a disputed matter 2- d b A serious disagreement 13 Husbandry or argument Infrastructure 3- f c Evaluating or estimating the nature, ability, or quality of something Dispute 4- b d Management and conservation of resources Assessment 5- c e The conditions under which land or building are held or occupied Adjudication 6- a f The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g building, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprises Regulation 7- i g The action by the state or an authority of taking property from its owner for public use or benefit Policy 8- j h Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level 9.Expropria tion 9- g i A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by an organization or individual 10 Sustainable 10j A rule or directive made h and maintained by an 14 14 authority Listen and fill words in the blank V Revenue is the income that a business has from its normal business activities, usually from the sale of goods and services to customers These encouraging results ensure that you will pass your examination Commodities are most often used as inputs in the production of other goods or services The process of expropriation "occurs when a public agency takes private property for a purpose deemed to be in the public interest” LAS provide a country’s infrastructure for implementation of its land - related policies and land management strategies MODULE 14 III Complete the following sentences with the words given The purpose of land policy is to achieve certain objectives relating to security and distribution of land rights, land use and land management A land policy includes aproduction and a conservation component Land use planning is becoming more and more pressures 15 15 10 today Climate change makes the sea levels Increase Social, economic and legal conditions should be created in the new agricultural to land resources conservation and development In the session of CSD -16 (2008), a major attention was placed on coastal Land, which focused on technical review The uncontroller expansion of human settlements constitutes a challenge for sustainable land panning and management The most crowded regions in the world are important areas Demands for foods, water, energy and raw materials are being increased by population growth, economic development and urbanization Expanded demand for agricultural commodities will exacerbate approach on the natural resource base IV Matching the words to the definitions 1.E 2.I 3.J 4.G 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.H 9.F 10.B V Re – arrange the following sentences Usually / from 9.30 / satellites images / are / to / 10.00 / taken => Satellites images are usually taken from 9.30 to 10.00 Has / topsoil layer / thick / of / humus / a fertile / with / soil / a / lots =>A thick topsoil layer with lots of humus, a fertile 16 16 Used / total station / polar method / be / with / tacheometers / or / can =>Tacheometers or total station can used be with polar method Information / provide / extensive / ground methods / more / aerial photos / than => Aerial photos provide information more extensive than ground methods Agriculture / pastoralism / forestry / wild life / conservation / tourism / of / and / land use / consists / rural => Rural land use consists of agriculture, pastoralism, forestry, wild life conservation and tourism Consider / land – use planning / decision – makers / seven / to / need / days / new / a => Decision – makers consider a new land – use planning to need seven days VI Finish each of the folllowing sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it One of the emerging matters in land administration and land use is promoting administrative reform in land administration => Promoting and reform in land administration is one of the emerging matters in land administration and land use is promoting administrative reform in land administration My dream is becoming a good cadastral official 17 17 => What I like is to become a good cadastral official Land needs to be evaluated by market economic forces => Lan need evaluating by market economic forces MATCHING 1.strategy (chiến lược) a way of dealing with a situation or problem 2.pressure(sức ép)a sense of stressful urgency caused by having tomany demands 3.policy(chính sách)a course or principle of action adopted or proposed 4.biofuel(nhiên liệu sinh học)a fuel derived immediately from living matter 5.conservation(bảo tồn)preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural 6.priority(ưu tiên)the fact or condition of being regarded or treated 7.disseminate(phổ biến)spread widely 8.approach(tiếp cận)a plan of action designed to achive a long term 9.challenge(thử thách)a task or situation that test 10.commodity(hàng hóa)a raw material or primary a gricultural product that can be bought and sold MODULE 16 Complete the sentences with the words given : Setting result regulation benefits byproducts Zoning code residentialsocioeconomic institutionscongestion 18 18 10 Land users are categories that refer to the different ……… activities occurring in a particular area (socioeconomic) Land use planning refers to the process by which a society, through its ………, decides where, within its territory, different socioeconomic activities should take place ( institutions) Land use planning includes ……… Provisions that control the nature of development activities.( setting) ………… Becomes the legal guide for landowners, developers, citizens, and authorities.( Zoning code) A less polluted jurisdiction is the ……… of a good system of protected areas, together with strong land use provisions ( result) Land use ………, in turn, leads to a less corrupt government and a very strong citizen- participating system ( regulation) the more ……… of appropriate mechanisms and principles of land use planning are: reducing emission of greenhouse gases and discharges of water and solid waste, and increasing greenery in urban areas.( benefits) Large informal settlements arise on the fringes of decaying parts of urban or rural areas that are mainly ……… But often industrial.( residential) Traffic and ……… Patterns, frequently the result of a population commuting longs distances on unfinished or unregulated mass transit systems.( congestion) A government may lack the ability to protect the environment or to provide proper handling of residues and …… ( Byproducts ) 19 19 20 20 10 IV Matching the words to their definitions Words Definitions Prevention – e The official power to make legal decisions and judgments Socioeconomic – i b The quantity of people or things in a given area or space Provision – j The outer, marginal, or extreme part of an area Jurisdiction – a d A natural or established process by which something takes place or is brought about Mechanism – d The action of stopping something from happening or arising Yield – g A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been taken or used Density – b Produce or provice (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product) Fringe – c h The fact of existing outside the perceiving subject Residue – f Relating to or concerned with the interaction of socio and economic factors Externality - h A condition or requirement in a legal document 21 21 THERE IS ONE MISTAKE IN EACH SENTENCE BELOW UNDERLINE AND CORRECT IT The top layer, the surface-litter or A-horizon, consists mostly of freshly fallen and partially decomposed leaves, twigs, animals waste, fungi, and other organic materials A-horizon >>> O-horizon Most mature soils have at least four of the possible horizon Four >>> Three The color of the deeper layer is darker than the topsoil layer Darker >>> Lighter Five major factors that influence soil formation are: parent material, climate, moisture, topography and time Moisture >>> Living organisms Numerical methods use the traditional equipment including theodolites, tacheometers, Electrooptical Distance Measurement Equipment (EDM) and computers to carry out cadastral surveys equipment >>> optical equipment Cadastral surveys can be made with neither ground survey methods nor photogrammetric methods Neither >>> Either The orthogonal method along with the polar method is the classical method for graphical cadastral surveys Is >>> Are GIS is the science and art of obtaining information about an object, area or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object, area, or phenomenon under investigation Art >>> The art 22 22 10 11 Desertification is a phenomenon on changeable land degradation Changeable >>> change The four land administration functions (land registration, land value, land use and land development ) are different in their professional focus Registration >>> tenure Land policy is formally defined as ‘ the assessment of land performance when used for a specified purpose, involving the execution and interpretation of surveys and studies of land forms, soils, vegetation, climate and other aspects of land When >>> Which 23 23 ... records about land MODULE 5 MATCHING 1.boundary( ranh giới) limit of an area 2,dimension (kích thước) length , breadth, depth 3.parcel( mảnh đất) piece of land 4.entrust (giao phó) assign the... consisting of a narrow sensor (viễn thám) a physical property and record,indicates 8 5.ambient(xung quanh) relating to the immediate surroundings 6.detect( tìm ra) discover or indentify the precence... 5.mantle(lớp vỏ)the region of the earth interior between the crust and the core 12 12 II 6.crust(vỏ trái đất) the outermost layer of rock of which a planet consist 7.divergent(phân kỳ)tending to be diferent