unit 2 GIÁO ÁN MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 12

GA 12 Week:3 Period: GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY Lesson 1: READING I Aim: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - Understand the passage about cultural diversity - Guess the meaning in context II Language Contents:  Grammar: present perfect progressive, past perfect  Vocabulary:attitudes toward love and marriage, wedding ceremony III Techniques: Intergrated, mainly communicative IV Teaching Aids: Some hand-outs with the questions V Procedure Students’ and teacher’s activities Contents Warm-up Ss close the books - Ss work in groups, answer the Questions: Who are your family? following questions Do you often help together in your house? - Ss’answers may vary Before you read Discuss the question: Which of the following factors in the most important for a happy life? why? * love, a nice house/ flat, money, a good job, - Teacher leads in the lesson: parents’ approval, good health Today, we will talk about A READING cultural diversity *Vocabulary and structures: - Ss open the books page 20, 21 - Tradition: custom – traditional – traditionally and look at the picture - To mary – get married – marriage - contractual marriage - Ss work in groups, answering - To determine – determination : to find out the questions: - wise (adj ) intelligent, smart - T walks around and helps - To reject: knock out - To confide: giao pho, chia se to trust students - partnership: contribution - Ss’answer may vary - sacrifice: su cung than, su hy sinh to willingly stop having something you want - significant: important - T: Now we’ll study the reading - To oblige: put in force, having a duty to text about cultural diversity something - T reads the text and explains new words and phrases (T uses - counterpart: ben tuong ung, doi tac While you read pictures & explanations) - T reads each word & Ss repeat Task Explain the meaning of the italicized words / phrases in the following sentences Me too GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy precede: to happen or exist before determine: to find out - Ss read after the tape to practise confide: to trust pronouncing the new words to sacrifice: to willingly stop having something - Ss work in pairs, reading the you want text again to get the information obliged: having a duty to something of the reading Task Answer the following questions Americans believed in “ romantic marriage “- a boy and girlwere attracted to each other, fell in - T explains Task - Ss work in love, and decided to marry each other Asians groups believed in “ contractual “ marriage – the parents - T walks around & helps Ss usually decided on the marriage; and love was - T can give the feedback before supposed to follow marriage, not precede it the class by asking Ss to answer They are trust on building love ; physical A,Bor C attractiveness; confiding partnership of equals The Americans were much more concerned than - T explains Task 2: Now you the Indians and Chinesewith physical answer the questions in Task attractiveness when choosing a wife or husband - Ss work in pairs, asking and The Indian students agreed that “ a woman has to answering the questions sacrifice more in marriage than a man “ - Ss check the answers together The American wife, for example, trust her - T goes around & helps Ss husband to “ the right thing” because “ he loves her” not because “he has to” - T can give the feedback before The Asian young people are far from being as the class by asking Ss to ask and romantic as their American counterpart answer the questions After you read Discuss the question: What are the differences between a traditional Vietnamese family and a - T suggests Ss’ homework modern Vietnamese family Suggested questions: Homework: - Laern by heart new words - Prepare speaking * COMMENTS: - GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Week:3 Period: 10 UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY Lesson 2: SPEAKING I Aim: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - Know about some typical feartures of different cultures - talk about the differences and similarities between Vietnamese and American cultures II Language Contents:  Grammar: present perfect progressive, past perfect  Vocabulary: confide ,determine,maintain,oblige,precede,reject ,sacrifice III Techniques: Intergrated, mainly communicative IV Teaching Aids: Some hand-outs with the questions V Procedure Students’ and teacher’s activities Contents Warm-up Ss close the books - Ss work in groups, talking Tell class about the traditional Vietnamese family about what they’ve learnt - T calls some representatives to Unit 2: SPEAKING tell about some traditions Talking about your point of view - T leads in the lesson: Today Before you speak we’ll practise talking about Task Express your point of view on the following ideas, using the words or expression in the box some traditions @ In Vietnam, three or even four generations may live in a home - Ss open the books - T explains Task1: Discuss in @ A happy marriage should be based on love @ In some Asian countries, love is supposed to groups about: follow marriage not precede it * What an ideal your family * Giving two qualities each @ In some countries, a man and a woman may hold should have and two qualities hands and kiss each other in public Ex: I think it is a good idea to have three or four each should not have - Ss work in groups then generations living under one roof They can help each other a lot exchange together - That’s not true In some countries many old aged - T goes around & helps Ss parents like to live in a nursing home They want to lead independent lives - Ss’answers may vary - T can give the feedback before While you pseak the class by asking Ss to answer Task Below are some typical features of American culture Work in pair, discuss and find out the the questions corresponding features of Vietnamese culture - T asks Ss to practise the In America In Vietnam Me too GA 12 exchanges in task b fluently GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy - - T explains Task 2,3 : In pairs, you practise asking and answering about the family life - T can give suggested models: - Ss work in pairs, asking and answering - T goes around & helps Ss - T calls one or two pairs of Ss to practise the conversation before the class - Two generations live in a home Old aged parents live in nursing homes It is not polite to ask questions about age, marriage and income Americans can greet anyone in the family first Groceries are bought once a week Christmas and New Year holidays are the most important Children sleep in their own bedrooms - - Ss work in pairs - T goes around & helps Ss - T calls some students to tell their likes (T can give marks) - - - - T suggests Ss’homework - Three or even four generations live under one roof Elders live with children and are taken care by their own son Asking about age, marriage and salary is acceptable A Vietnamese greets the head of the family or an older person first then the younger ones Groceries are bought everyday Tet (Lunar New Year) is the most important Vietnamese celebrate death days They prepare meal and invite their relatives to get together and talk about good respect of the dead person Children often sleep with their parents Task Talk about the similarities and differences between Vietnamese and American cultures Using the features discussed in task * Using the words such as “ but, yet, on the other hand, however, on the contrary etc “ Ex: After you speak - Talk about your birthday party homework: - Prepare listening * COMMENTS: -4 GA 12 Week:4 Period: 11 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy UNIT CULTURAL DIVERSITY Lesson 3: LISTENING I Aim: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - listen for the understanding of the passage about a wedding in Vietnam - listen for specific details II Language Contents:  Grammar: present perfect progressive, past perfect  Vocabulary:altar,banquet,groom,tray,schedule, blessing III Techniques: Intergrated, mainly communicative IV Teaching Aids: Cassette, tape and some hand-outs with the questions V Procedure Students’ and teacher’s activities Ss work in groups, - T can give the feedback before the class by asking a student to read the answers - T: Today, we’ll listen to a wedding - Ss open the books - T explains task1 Now you complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box You try to guess the new words - Ss work in pairs - T goes around & helps Ss - T gives the feedback by asking Ss to read the sentences aloud before class - T explains new words Contents Warm-up Listen to a song “ A marriage in my country “ – Before you listen Look at the picture in text book and discuss the following questions: Have you ever attended a wedding ceremony? What the bride and the groom usually at the wedding ceremony? New words: - Bride: co dau # groom - Master of ceremony: a leader for the wedding - banquet: party - blessing: good luck - ancestor; forefather - schedule: arrange While you listen Task 1: Listen to the passage and fill in the missing information The wedding day is carefully chosen by the …………… The gifts are wrapped in ………… The wedding ceremony starts in front of the ……… Foods and drinks are served ……… The guests give the newly wedded couples envelopes containing ……… and ……… * Keys: groom’s parents red paper altar at the wedding banquet wedding cards / money gifts Task Listen again and answer the quetions GA 12 - T explains Task You will liten to then fill in the blanks - Ss read the sentences in Task carefully - Ss listen to the tape twice or three times and fill in - Ss check their answer sentences.(T can give marks) - T replays the tape twice - Ss work individually, answering the questions then check the answers together - T gives the feedback by asking Ss to ask and answer the questions before class - Ss work in pairs, talking about a Vietnamese wedding - T goes around and helps Ss - T calls one or two student to repeat each question and the answer (T can give marks) GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy The most important thing the groom’s family has to on the day is to go to the bride’s house bringing a lot of gifts wrapped in red papers They would pray, asking their ancestors’ permissionto be married After they pray, asking their ancestors’ permissionto be married The wedding banquet is often scheduled at the groomand bride’s home or at a hotel or a restaurant They stop by each table to say thank to their guests * Tapescript Wedding in Vietnam Tourist: Can you tell me something about the wedding ceremony in Vietnam? Tourist guide: Well, wedding is very important to the Vietnamese not only to the couple involved, but also for both families The wedding day is usually chosen carefully by the groom’s parents Tourist: What does the groom family usually on the wedding day? Tourist guide: On the wedding day, the groom’s family and relatives go to the bride’s house bringing a lot of gifts wrapped in red papers Those who hold the traysof gifts are also chosen, they are usually happy married couples Tourist: Do you have the Master of the ceremony? And what does he during the wedding ceremony? Tourist guide: The Master of the ceremony introduces the groom, the bride, the parents, the relatives and guests of the two families The wedding ceremony starts in front of the altar The bride and the groomwould pray, asking their ancestors’ permission to be married The Master of the ceremony would give the wedding couple advice on starting a new family The groom and the bride then exchange their wedding rings Tourist: Where is the wedding banquet held? Tourist guide: Well, it depends Often the wedding banquet is scheduled at the groom and bride’s house or at a hotelor a restaurant and all close relatives, friends, and neighbours are invited Tourist: What kind of food and drinks are served? Tourist guide: Traditional, food and beer or wineare served During the reception, the groom and bride, and their parents will stop by each table to say thank to their guests The guests in turn will give envelopes containing wedding cards and money gifts to the GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy newly wedded couples along with their blessing Tuorist: Oh! That’s very interesting Thank you Tourist guide: You are welcome! After you listen Discuss the question: What families often to prepare for a wedding ceremony Homework - Write what you remember about a wedding (about 50 words) * COMMENTS: - GA 12 Week:3 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Period :12 Lesson 4: GRAMMAR: SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE, PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE, PRESENT PERFECT TENSE I Aims: Sts can use correctly these tenses in each sentence II Language content: Grammar: present, present continuous, present perfect tenses Vocalbulary: all new words III.Techniques: Inductive method IV Teaching aid: Model V Proceduce: Teacher’ and sts’ activities Content I Greeting II Revision Ask sts to write some forms of three tenses Ask sts questions – Then answer - What you often in the morning? – I my ex - When he comes what are you doing? – I’m learning - How long have you learned English? Check and correct III.Today’s lesson Grammar: 1.Simple present tense -S V inf s/es (ch, sh,ss,x,z,o ) -S don’t /doesn’t Vinf -Do/Does S Vinf ? Adverbs are always used: always, usually, rarely,… Usage: with reqular actions happen day by day 2.Present continous tense is is S am Ving ; S am not Ving are are Is Am S Ving ? Are Usage: Use the continous for something that happening at or around the time of speaking The action isn’t finished Adverbs are used in the tense: now, right Sts write down the grammar Sts to give some examples If they can Eg 1: The girl (always/ get) to school by bus – gets He (never/ leave) his house late – leaves They (play) football very well? – Do – play Write down - Explaining the form - Listen and write down what the teacher explains for the lesson - Give examples that helps sts understand the lesson Eg: Can you hear those people? What they (talk) about? are – talking Hoa (stay) in bed now GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy is staying now,at the moment … Follow the imperative mood : look!, listen!, Don’t … , Please, … An action’ll happen in the future Give some examples You (ever/ ride) a horse? Have – ridden She (live) there since she (move) ti London has lived – moved Since he (come), he (not/ talk) to anyone came, hasn’t talked Present perfect tense S have / has PP ; S have/has not PP Have/ Has S PP ? Usage: - When we talk about period of time that continous from the past until now, we use the tense with today, this morning when these periods are not finished at the time of speaking - Adverbs: just, already, not…yet, never,… IV.Consolidation Use correct tense of verbs in parentheses While she (cook) in the kitchen, she (hear) a knock at the door now They (sit) in the park now Mary (finish) her work yet? They (write) the lesson for hours Choose the best answer I (did/ had done/ have done) ex since I (came/ come/ have come) here He (listen/ is listening/ has listened) to music at this time He can (sing/ is singing/ has sung) English songs well V Homework: - Do ex again Learn by heart the form of tenses Write down and ex Teacher corrects the ex is cooking - hears are sitting has – finished have written Work in pairs and finish the ex given have done – came is listening sing Comment: - GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Week:3 Period: 12 UNIT CULTURAL DIVERSITY Lesson 5: WRITING I Aim: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - describe the typical feartures of a Vietnamese conical leaf hat - write the description of a conical leaf hat II Language Contents:  Grammar: present perfect progressive, past perfect  Vocabulary: conical leaf hat III Techniques: Intergrated, mainly communicastive IV Teaching Aids: pictures, handouts, realia V Procedure Students’ and teacher’s activities Ss close the books - Ss work in groups, answering the questions - T calls one or two Ss to answer the questions - T leads in the lesson: Today we are going to write about the conial leaf hat or the “ non la “ a symbol of Vietnamese culture - Ss open the books - T explains Task Read the sentences given and write - Ss work in pairs - T goes around and helps Ss T: To you What tense people often use to write? (Present simple tense) - T explains: To describe thing It is usually written in the present tense and used the special words for thing - T explains new words Contents Warm-up Answer the questions Questions: Who wear the conial leaf hat? What is it made from? D WRITING Writing about a conial leaf hat Before you write Task Look at the picture below Write the Vietnamese equivalents for the English words Leaf: la rim: vanh ribs: suon strap: day quai While you write Task Write a passage of about 150 words about the conial leafhat of Vietnam, using the outline and information below New words:  bamboo: tre  palm leaves: la cay co  trimmed: rong vanh  attar oil: dau bong Note: You can use relators: not only …… but also Task Write a passage The conial hat is one of the typical features of the Vietnamese culture because it cannot be found from anywhere else in the world The leaf hat is not only a symbol of Vietnamese girls (women), but has also become part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation The hat is made from a special kind of bamboo and young and soft palm leaves The rims are shaped into conial form The diameter of the hat is about 40 – 45 10 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy cm and it is about 25 – 30 cm high The form is covered with the palm leaves, which are then sewn into all rims Finally, the hat is trimmed and painted with a caot of attar oil - T explains Task 2:Write about The leaf hat is used like an umbrella to protect a conial leaf hat as suggested in people from sun or rain Beneath the broad rims of Task the leaf hat, the girls and women look pretty and - Ss work individually then check attractive their writing together After you write - T goes around and helps Ss Writing correction Homework - Rewrite the short paragraph and study it by heart - Prepare language focus * COMMENTS: - 11 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Week:5 Period: 13 UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY Lesson 5: LANGUAGE FOCUS I Aim: By the end of the lesson, student will be able to - distinguish between the differences in pronunciation of the – ed ending sound - revise the use of some tenses II Language Contents:  Grammar: Review of tenses  Present perfect continous, future “ will, be going to + verb “  Pronuncaition of the ending “ed / d ” III Techniques: Intergrated, mainly communicative IV Teaching Aids: Some hand-outs with examples and questions V Procedure Students’ and teacher’s activities Contents T gives some words then ss I PRONUNCIATION: The pronunciation of the pronounce ending “d / ed” ( plural nouns and the third singular verb in the present simple tense) - / t / after sounds: / p, k, f, s and / - / id / when words end in : / t, d / * Activity - / d / the left sounds - Ss still close the books Listen and repeat: - Ss work in groups and find the /t/ /d/ / id / words are pronounced walked explained wanted * Activity knocked phoned - T asks Ss to open the books arrested - T explains the pronunciation jumped rained started - Ss work in pairs, pronunciation helped arrived and underlining the sounds mended missed involved * Exercise Presentation decided - Ss work in pairs, asking and * Practise reading these sentences answering the questions She walked to the window and looked outside - T goes arround to help Ss The driver stopped his car at the crossing where Have you seen the Titanic? the woman has knocked down B I saw it last night Jane phoned for an ambulance and the police, but A I am going to see it next they arrived late Friday The police arrested the thief yesterday A who drank all the soda? He decided to give up smoking B not me, I’ve not drunk any II GRAMMAR: tense revision soda at all since last week Present simple I drank water all week Affirmative S + V(s /es) + O A Susan has written … Negative S + DO/ DOES NOT + V B Did she write …… ? ( infinitive ) A Yes, she did She wrote that Interrogativ DO / DOES + S + V (infinitive) one about years ago 12 Me too GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy A you’ve been cooking for hours B ……… I cooked B Actually, I cooked it for you many times before ……… - Ss give form of these tenses * Exercise Practice - T explains Exercise Circle the letter A, B,C or D to complete the passage has been living has been photographing has taken won has won has become has been tracking will see - Ss work in groups - T goes around and helps Ss e …? @ Adding “ es “ after the verbs ending ch, sh, x, s, and z or sound / f / Ex: she goes to school everyday we exercise after every period @ Using the activity completed in the past Present progressive Affirmative S + AM/ IS / ARE + V (ing ) Negative S + AM / IS / ARE NOT + V (ing ) Interrogativ AM / IS / ARE + S + V ( ing ) e ……? @ Using the activity is happening at a point of time in the past Ex: At the moment we are watching news on TV Present perfect: Affirmative S + HAVE / HAS + V (pp ) Negative S + HAVE / HAS NOT + V (pp ) Interrogativ HAVE / HAS + S + V ( pp ) e … ? @ Using an action that happened in the past without a definte time ( used with already, before ) @ An action that has recently occurred but the result - T asks Ss to read the complete is still in the present ( used with just, recently, lately , sentences to give the feedback in the last ( few days), in the past (three years ) @ An action that happened in the past and continues up to the present or future ( used with since, for, up - T explains Exercise to now, up to the present, so far, yet, never ) - Ss exercise in groups @ Used I expression - T goes around and helps Ss - It ( this / that )is the first time, the second time, the third time - The superlative form Ex: This is the first time I have drunk champagne - Ss go to the board to write the That is the best film I’ve seen answers Exercise @ Exercises Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning We began learning English in grade six * Production => We have …………………………… - Ss make sentences by using She saw an accident this morning the following words and phrases: => It is the first time ……………………… Homework - T suggests Ss’homework Do exercise in workbook - Prepare Unit * COMMENTS: - 13 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Wedding in Vietnam Tourist: Can you tell me something about the wedding ceremony in Vietnam? Tourist guide: Well, wedding is very important to the Vietnamese not only to the couple involved, but also for both families The wedding day is usually chosen carefully by the groom’s parents Tourist: What does the groom family usually on the wedding day? Tourist guide: On the wedding day, the groom’s family and relatives go to the bride’s house bringing a lot of gifts wrapped in red papers Those who hold the traysof gifts are also chosen, they are usually happy married couples Tourist: Do you have the Master of the ceremony? And what does he during the wedding ceremony? Tourist guide: The Master of the ceremony introduces the groom, the bride, the parents, the relatives and guests of the two families The wedding ceremony starts in front of the altar The bride and the groomwould pray, asking their ancestors’ permission to be married The Master of the ceremony would give the wedding couple advice on starting a new family The groom and the bride then exchange their wedding rings Tourist: Where is the wedding banquet held? Tourist guide: Well, it depends Often the wedding banquet is scheduled at the groom and bride’s house or at a hotelor a restaurant and all close relatives, friends, and neighbours are invited Tourist: What kind of food and drinks are served? Tourist guide: Traditional, food and beer or wineare served During the reception, the groom and bride, and their parents will stop by each table to say thank to their guests The guests in turn will give envelopes containing wedding cards and money gifts to the newly wedded couples along with their blessing Tuorist: Oh! That’s very interesting Thank you Tourist guide: You are welcome! 14 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Wedding in Vietnam Tourist: Can you tell me something about the wedding ceremony in Vietnam? Tourist guide: Well, wedding is very important to the Vietnamese not only to the couple involved, but also for both families The wedding day is usually chosen carefully by the groom’s parents Tourist: What does the groom family usually on the wedding day? Tourist guide: On the wedding day, the groom’s family and relatives go to the bride’s house bringing a lot of gifts wrapped in red papers Those who hold the traysof gifts are also chosen, they are usually happy married couples Tourist: Do you have the Master of the ceremony? And what does he during the wedding ceremony? Tourist guide: The Master of the ceremony introduces the groom, the bride, the parents, the relatives and guests of the two families The wedding ceremony starts in front of the altar The bride and the groomwould pray, asking their ancestors’ permission to be married The Master of the ceremony would give the wedding couple advice on starting a new family The groom and the bride then exchange their wedding rings Tourist: Where is the wedding banquet held? Tourist guide: Well, it depends Often the wedding banquet is scheduled at the groom and bride’s house or at a hotelor a restaurant and all close relatives, friends, and neighbours are invited Tourist: What kind of food and drinks are served? Tourist guide: Traditional, food and beer or wineare served During the reception, the groom and bride, and their parents will stop by each table to say thank to their guests The guests in turn will give envelopes containing wedding cards and money gifts to the newly wedded couples along with their blessing Tuorist: Oh! That’s very interesting Thank you Tourist guide: You are welcome! 15 [...]... Interrogativ DO / DOES + S + V (infinitive) one about 5 years ago 12 Me too GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy 4 A you’ve been cooking for hours B ……… I cooked B Actually, I cooked it for you many times before ……… - Ss give form of these tenses * Exercise 2 Practice - T explains Exercise 2 Circle the letter A, B,C or D to complete the passage 1 has been living 2 has been photographing 3 has taken 4 won 5 has won 6...GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy cm and it is about 25 – 30 cm high The form is covered with the palm leaves, which are then sewn into all rims Finally, the hat is trimmed and painted with a caot of attar oil - T explains Task 2: Write about The leaf hat is used like an umbrella to protect a conial leaf hat as suggested in people from sun or rain Beneath the broad rims of Task 2 the leaf hat,... …………………………… - Ss make sentences by using 2 She saw an accident this morning the following words and phrases: => It is the first time ……………………… 5 Homework - T suggests Ss’homework Do exercise in workbook - Prepare Unit 2 * COMMENTS: - 13 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Wedding in... - 11 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Week:5 Period: 13 UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY Lesson 5: LANGUAGE FOCUS I Aim: By the end of the lesson, student will be able to - distinguish between the differences in pronunciation of the – ed ending... walked to the window and looked outside - T goes arround to help Ss 2 The driver stopped his car at the crossing where 1 Have you seen the Titanic? the woman has knocked down B I saw it last night 3 Jane phoned for an ambulance and the police, but A I am going to see it next they arrived late Friday 4 The police arrested the thief yesterday 2 A who drank all the soda? 5 He decided to give up smoking B not... will give envelopes containing wedding cards and money gifts to the newly wedded couples along with their blessing Tuorist: Oh! That’s very interesting Thank you Tourist guide: You are welcome! 14 GA 12 GV: Nguyễn Thị Như Thủy Wedding in Vietnam Tourist: Can you tell me something about the wedding ceremony in Vietnam? Tourist guide: Well, wedding is very important to the Vietnamese not only to the... years ) @ An action that happened in the past and continues up to the present or future ( used with since, for, up - T explains Exercise 3 to now, up to the present, so far, yet, never ) - Ss do exercise 2 in groups @ Used I expression - T goes around and helps Ss - It ( this / that )is the first time, the second time, the third time - The superlative form Ex: This is the first time I have drunk champagne... in : / t, d / * Activity 1 - / d / the left sounds - Ss still close the books Listen and repeat: - Ss work in groups and find the /t/ /d/ / id / words are pronounced walked explained wanted * Activity 2 knocked phoned - T asks Ss to open the books arrested - T explains the pronunciation jumped rained started - Ss work in pairs, pronunciation helped arrived and underlining the sounds mended missed involved... and helps Ss e …? @ Adding “ es “ after the verbs ending ch, sh, x, s, and z or sound / f / Ex: she goes to school everyday we do exercise after every period @ Using the activity completed in the past 2 Present progressive Affirmative S + AM/ IS / ARE + V (ing ) Negative S + AM / IS / ARE NOT + V (ing ) Interrogativ AM / IS / ARE + S + V ( ing ) e ……? @ Using the activity is happening at a point of