GIAO AN PHU DAO 11 KI 2 _ CHUAN_ EDITED bY MAI HEO _ 2016

RELATIVE PRONOUNS and EXERCISES Relative clause Mệnh đề quan hệ - Mệnh đề quan hệ hay mệnh đề tính ngữ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước nó.. - Mệnh đề quan hệ được đặt sau danh từ mà nó b

Week: 20+ 22+ 24 Class: 11C6

Period: 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15 Date of preparing:

RELATIVE PRONOUS AND RELATIVES CLAUSES

A THEORY

I RELATIVE PRONOUNS and EXERCISES

Relative clause (Mệnh đề quan hệ)

- Mệnh đề quan hệ (hay mệnh đề tính ngữ) bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước nó

- Mệnh đề quan hệ được đặt sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa, được bắt đầu bằng các đại từ quanhệ: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT, WHOSE, và trạng từ quan hệ: WHERE, WHY, WHEN

a WHO: thay thế cho người, làm chủ từ trong MĐQH.

Ex: - I need to meet the boy The boy is my friend’s son

à I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son

- The woman is standing over there She is my sister

àThe woman who is standing over there is my sister

Note : Who + V

b WHO/ WHOM: thay thế cho người, làm túc từ trong MĐQH.

Ex:- I know the girl I spoke to this girl.

à I know the girl who/ whom I spoke to

- The man is my teacher Your father is talking to him

à The man who/ whom your father is talking to is my teacher

Note: Whom + S + V

c WHICH: - thay thế đồ vật, làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH.

Ex: - She works for a company It makes cars

à She works for a company which makes cars

- The elephants are big People keep the elephants in iron cages

à The elephants which people keep in iron cages are big

- Thay thế cho cả mệnh đề đứng trước nó

Ex: He passed his exam This pleased his parents.

He passed his exam, which pleased his parents (dùng dấu phẩy trước đại từ quan hệ)

d THAT: thay thế cho WHO/ WHOM/ WHICH trong MĐQH hạn định

Ex: - I need to meet the boy that/ who is my friend’s son

- The woman that/ who is standing over there is my sister

- I know the girl that/ who/ whom I spoke to

- The man that/ who/ whom your father is talking to is my teacher

- She works for a company that/ which makes cars

- The elephants that/ which people keep in iron cages are big

* Những trường hợp thường dùng THAT:

- Sau cụm từ quan hệ vừa chỉ người và vật:

Ex: He told me the places and people that he had seen in London.

- Sau đại từ bất định: something, aynyone, nobody, all, much

Ex: I’ll tell you something that is very interesting.

All that is mine is yours.

- Sau các tính từ so sánh nhất, only, first, last

Ex: - This is the most beautiful dress that I have.

- You are the only person that can help us.

- Trong cấu trúc It + be + … + that … (chính là …)

Ex: It is my friend that wrote this sentence.

(Chính là bạn tôi đã viết câu này.)

* Những trường hợp không dùng THAT:

- Trong mệnh đề tính từ không xác định.

Ex: Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher

- Sau giới từ

Ex: The house in that I was born is for sale

e WHOSE (OF WHICH): thay thế cho sở hữu của người, vật (his-, her-, its-, )

Ex: - John found the cat Its leg was broken

à John found the cat whose leg / (the leg of which) was broken

- This is the student I borrowed his book

àThis is the student whose book I borrowed

f OF WHICH / OF WHOM:

Ex: - Daisy has three brothers All of them are teachers.

à Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers

- He asked me a lot of questions I couldn’t answer most of them.

à He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer

g Giới từ đặt trước mệnh đề tính ngữ: (WHOM/WHICH)

Ex: - The man speaks English very fast I talked to him last night.

à The man to whom I talked last night speaks English very fast

- The house is for sale I was born in it.

à The house in which I was born is for sale

* LƯU Ý: KHÔNG dùng THAT sau giới từ.

2 Trạng từ quan hệ (Relative Adverbs)

a WHERE (in/ on/ at which): thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn

Ex: - The movie theater is the place We can see films at that place

à The movie theater is the place where we can see films

b WHEN (in/ on which): thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian

Ex: - Do you remember the day We first met on that day

à Do you remember the day when we first met ?

c WHY (for which): thay thế cho cụm trạng từ chỉ lí do

Ex: - Tell me the reason You are so sad for that reason

à Tell me the reason why you are so sad

B EXERCISE

I Choose the best answer:

1 That’s my friend, _ comes from Japan

2 The plants which in the living room need a lot of water

3 She’s the woman _ sister looks after the baby for us

4 That’s the doctor for Cliff works

5 Marie, I met at the party, called me last night

6 I remember Alice, rode the bus to school with

7 I used to enjoy the summer, we had a big family picnic

8 Tell me about the city you grew up

9 Anna found the book that wanted at the bookshop

10 Please remember to take back to the library all the books are due this week.

11 She gives her children everything they want

A that B who C whom D what

12 Tell me you want and i will try to help you

A that B what C.who D which

13 The place we spent our holiday was really beautiful

A what B who C where D which

14 What was the name of the girl….passport was stolen?

A whose B who C which D when

15 The bed I slept in was too soft

A whose B which C what D who

16 Nora is the only person understands me

A which B who C what D whose

17 Why do you always disagree with everything…I say?

A who B which C when D what

18 This is an awful film It is the worst…I have never seen

A who B that C what D whom

19 The hotel …we stayed was not clean

A who B that C where D when

20 The last time …I saw her, she looked very beautiful

A who B that C where D when

21 What was the name of the people …car had broken down

A which B who C whom D whose

22 I recently went back to the town…I was born

A what B where C who D which

23 The reason I phoned him was to invite him to a party

A what B whose C why D which

24 I don’t agree with you have just said

A what B who C when D which

25 She told me her address I wrote on a piece of paper

A what B which C when D where

26 The dress didn’t fit her, so she took it back to the shop she had bought it

A where B which C what D when

27 Do you know the girl Tom is talking to?

A whom B what C which D whose

28 I gave her all the money I had

A that B what C when D whose

29 The party we went to wasn’t very enjoyable

A who B when C that D where

30 The stories Tom tells are usually very funny

A when B that C where D who

31 I met the woman can speak 6 languages

A who B that C which D whom

32 Have you seen the money was on the table?

A who B which C where D whom

33 Where is the picture was on the wall?

A when B where C which D who

34 I don’t like people never stop talking

A who B which C whom D whose

35 Why does she always wear clothes are too small for her?

A which B who C whose D where

36 The factory John works in is the biggest in town

A when B where C which D how

37 Have you ever seen the photographs Ann took?

A that B where C when D who

38 Everybody went to the party enjoyed it very much

A that B whose C which D who

39 1945 was the year the Second World War ended

A which B why C when D where

40 Is there a shop near hear I can buy a postcard?

A when B which C where D who

II Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns:

METHOD:

Với dạng bài này ta thực hiện theo các bước sau

Bước 1: Xác định tiền ngữ là người hay vật …

Bước 2: Xác định chức năng của đại từ quan hệ: chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, sở hữu …

Bước 3: Chọn đại từ quan hệ thích hợp và điền vào

VD: This is Mr.John,………teaches us English

Bước 1: Tiền ngữ: Mr John là người

Bước 2: Chức năng của đại từ quan hệ là chủ ngữ của mệnh đề quan hệ

Bước 3: Đại từ quan hệ thích hợp that/who

Câu hoàn thiện:

This is Mr.Jonh, who teaches us English

1 The men _ lives next-door are English

2 The dictionary _ you gave me is very good

3 Do you know the girls _ are standing outside the church?

4 The police are looking for the thieve _ got into my house last night

5 The chocolate _ you like comes from the United States

6 I have lost the necklace _ my mother gave me on my birthday

7 A burglar is someone _ breaks into a house and steals things

8 Buses _ go to the airport run every half hour

9 I can’t find the key _ opens this door

10 I gave you a book _ had many pictures

11 I don’t like the boy _ Sue is going out with

12 Did you see the beautiful dress _ she wore yesterday

13 The man _ she is going to marry is very rich

14 This is the bank _ was robbed yesterday

15 He wore a mask _ made him look like Mickey Mouse

II RELATIVE CLAUSES AND EXERCISES

Có 2 loại mệnh đề quan hệ

1 Defining relative clauses:

- Dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước chưa được xác định rõ, nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính

sẽ không rõ nghĩa

Ex: I saw the girl She helped us last week.

à I saw the girl who/that helped us last week

* LƯU Ý: Ta có thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT khi chúng làm tân

ngữ trong MĐQH xác định

2 Non-defining relative clauses:

- Dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước đã được xác định rõ (nó chỉ là phần giải thíchthêm), nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính vẫn rõ nghĩa

- Mệnh đề này ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy

- Ta dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định khi:

+ Trước đại từ quan hệ có: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/…

+ Từ trước đại từ quan hệ là tên riêng, danh từ riêng, vật duy nhất, cụm trạng ngữ chỉ nơichốn

Ex: - My father is a doctor He is fifty years old.

à My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor

- Mr Brown is a very nice teacher We studied English with him.

à Mr Brown, who we studied English with, is a very nice teacher

- The sun made the traveller thirsty It was hot at midday

à The sun, which was hot at midday, made the traveller thirsty

- The boys in the next room are my students They are making noise

à The boys in the next room, who are making noise, are my students

* LƯU Ý: + KHÔNG được bỏ đại từ quan hệ trong MĐQH không xác định.

Bước 2: Xác định cặp từ có nghĩa tương đồng

Bước 3: Xác định chức năng của từ trùng trong mệnh đề phụ

Bước 4: Thay thế từ trùng bằng đại từ quan hệ tương ứng và đặt ở đầu mệnh đề nếu là whose

thì phải chuyển cả danh từ đứng sau đi kèm (mệnh đề phụ trở thành mệnh đề quan hệ).

Bước 5: Viết mệnh đề quan hệ ngay sau danh từ có nghĩa tương đồng của mệnh đề chính và

hoàn thành câu.

Chú ý: Nếu danh từ của mệnh đề chính (tiền ngữ) là danh từ xác định thì phải dùng mệnh đề

không xác định tức là phải dùng dấu phẩy.

– Nếu whom và which là tân ngữ của giới từ thì có thể chuyển giới từ ra trước whom và which VD: The girl is very pretty She lives next my house.

– “The girl is very pretty” mệnh đề chính; “She lives next to my house” là mệnh đề phụ.

– The girl và she là cặp từ tương đồng.

– She giữ chức năng chủ ngữ.

– She được thay thế bằng who và ta có mệnh đề quan hệ “who lives next my house”.

– Chuyển mệnh đề quan hệ ra sau tiền ngữ và hoàn thành câu:

The girl who lives next to my house is very pretty.

1 The girl is my cousin She chatted with you yesterday

……….………

2 The man is very kind He spent 15 minutes measuring our kitchen

a) Hiện tại phân từ (V-ing):

Dùng cho các mệnh đề mang nghĩa chủ động

Ex: a The man who is standing there is my brother

b The man standing there is my brother

b) Qúa khứ phân từ (V3/ V-ed):

Dùng cho các mệnh đề mang nghĩa bị động

Ex: a I like books which were written by Nguyen Du.

b I like books written by Nguyen Du.

2) Dùng cụm to inf: ( Noun/ Pronoun + to infinitive / to be + P.P )

-Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các từ sau đây :

ONLY, LAST, FIRST, SECOND

Ex: This is the only student who can do the problem (động từ mang nghĩa chủ động)

This is the only student to do the problem

-Động từ là HAVE

Ex: I have something that I must do now (động từ mang nghĩa chủ động)

I have something to do now

-Câu bắt đầu bằng: HERE (BE), THERE (BE)

Ex: There are six letters which have to be written today (động từ mang nghĩa bị động)

There are six letters to be written today

GHI NHỚ :

Trong phần to inf này cần nhớ 2 điều sau:

- Nếu chủ từ 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to inf

Ex: We have some picture books that children can read

We have some picture books for children to read

Tuy nhiên nếu chủ từ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như: we, you, everyone thì có thể

không cần ghi ra

Ex: Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about

Studying abroad is the wonderful (for us ) to think about

- Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ thì phải đem xuống cuối câu

Ex: We have a peg on which we can hang our coat

We have a peg to hang our coat on

Ex: a Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health

à Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health

à Football, a popular sport, is very good for health

Ex: b Do you like the book which is on the table?

àDo you like the book on the table?

PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LOẠI RÚT GỌN:

Bước 1 :- Tìm xem mệnh đề tính từ nằm chổ nào

Bước này dễ vì mệnh đề tính từ thường bắt đầu bằng WHO,WHICH,THAT

Bước 2 :

Bước này chủ yếu là rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ thành cụm từ

1 Nhìn xem mệnh đề có công thức S + BE + CỤM DANH TỪ không ? Nếu có áp dụng công thức 3

2 Nếu không có công thức đó thì xem tiếp trứoc who which có các dấu hiệu first ,only v v không ,nếu có thì áp dụng công thức 2 (to inf ) lưu ý thêm xem 2 chủ từ có khác nhau không ( để dùng for sb )

3 Nếu không có 2 trừong hợp trên mới xét xem câu đó chủ động hay bị động mà dùng V-NG hay P.P

VD: Rút gọn câu :The books which were written by Ho Xuan Huong are interesting

Bước 1: Mệnh đề quan hệ: which were written by Ho Xuan Huong.

Bước 2: Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ

Ta thấy mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng bị động

Dùng cụm quá khứ phân từ để thay thế cho mệnh đề

Viết lại câu: The books writen by Ho Xuan Huong are interesting

Exercise 1 : Use reduced relative clauses in place of the relative clauses

1 The child is lonely, he would be happier if he had someone that he could play with

IV RELATIVE PRONOUNS WITH PREPOSITION AND EXERCISES

Trong MĐQH, khi đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ thì giới từ thường có 2 vị trí: trước các đại từ quan hệ (whom và which) hặc sau động từ

–Trong lối văn trang trọng, giới từ thường được đặt trước đại từ quan hệ whom và which.Ex: This is the car aboutwhich I told you

Ex: The man towhom you talked this morning is my uncle

–Trong lối nói thân mật, giới từ thường đặt cuối mệnh đề

Ex: This is the car (which/ that) I told you about

Ex: The man (whom/ that) you talked to this morning is my uncle

 Không được đặt giới từ trước that và who

 Với cụm động từ (phrasal verbs: look after, come across, fill in, go on, take on…) thì giới từ không được dùng trước đại từ quan hệ

Ex: The dog which Mrs Brown has looked after for two years becomes a big dog now

The dog afterwhich Mrs Brown has looked for two years becomes a big dog now

(chúng ta không thể đặt giới từ after trước which vì nó phải đi cùng động từ look để tạo thành 1cụm động từ có nghĩa là “chăm sóc” = “take care of”.)

 Các giới từ without, during và since thường không được đặt ở cuối MĐQH

Ex: The thing without which I can hardly finish the work is my computer

(Not The thing which I can hardly finish whithout….)

Ex: During which period did it happen? (Not which period did it happen during?)

Ex: Since when have you been learning English?

(Not when have you been learning English since?)

 Of which, of whom, of whose được dùng sau các từ chỉ số lượng (all, both, each, many, most neither, none some…) và dạng so sánh nhất

Ex: They have three children, all of whom get married

Week: 21 Class: 11C6

REVISION UNIT 9: THE POST OFFICE

A PHONETICS

I Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.

2 A equipped B delivered C transferred D received

II Choose the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.

4 A courteous B subscribe C service D customer

5 A technology B distribution C delivery D facsimile

6 A advanced B technology C express D spacious

B VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I Circle the best answer for each sentence.

1 The hotel staff is friendly and………

A unhelpful B courteous C discourteous D impolite

2 We are proud our ……… staff, who are always friendly and efficient

A well-done B well-appointed C well-behaved D well-trained

3 EMS stand for ………

A Electronic Mail Service B Express Mail Service

C Economic Mail Service D Environment management Service

4 If someone want to send a document and does not want to lose its… , facsimile service willhelp you

5 People can buy daily ………… in many local post office in early morning

A newspapers B books C postcards D letters

6 All post offices in Viet Nam are equipped with advanced ………

A knowledge B machines C science D technology

7 Fax transmission has now become a cheap and …… way to transmit texts and graphicsover distance

A inconvenient B convenient C uncomfortable D comfortable

8 If you …… to your favorite newspapers and magazines, they will be delivered to yourhouse early in the morning.

9 Post offices offer a special mail service which is called ………

10 Your EMS mail will be ……… in the shortest possible time

11 You can choose to send your letters by air or ……… mail

12 Can you send it to me ……… fax

13 Could you fax it ………me?

14 Mrs Pike has just bought some kitchen ……….for her new house

15 He was a kind and courteous mailman

16 If you want to send a document and do not want to lose its original shape, our facsimileservice will help you

17 John often uses Express Money ……… to send money to his parents in thecountryside

18 The Messenger Call Service helps you to notify the recipient of the time and place toreceive the call

19 Fax ………… has become more and more popular because it is cheap and convenient

A exchange B distance C sending D transmission

20 If you go to the post office, please post these letters

21 I can answer the question ……… you say is very difficult

22 This is Mr Jones, ………… invention has helped hundreds of deaf people

23 Tom, ……… sits next to me, is from Canada.

24 The volunteers, ……… enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly

25 Many scientists have claimed that ……… like music are often good at mathematics

A children B children who C children whom D whose children

26 My friend, ……… I visited last week, is taking a holiday soon

27 The doctor re examining a patient ……… was taken to hospital last night

28 A pacifist is a person ……… believes that all wars are wrong

29 My friend, ……… hated horror film, refused to go to the cinema with me

30 Tam, … parents died last year in an accident, has just moved ta Ha Nam to live with hisuncle

31 We didn’t want to swim in the sea, ……….looked very dirty

32 The teacher ……….house is next to mine died this morning

33 Yesterday I went to ………I had never been to before

A Thanh Ba Post Office, that B Thanh Ba Post Office where

C Thanh Ba Post Office which D Thanh Ba Post Office, which

34 Express Money Transfer is one of the quickest ways …………helps us to send money

35 The government sent money and food to the people … houses were destroyed by thestorm last week

36 ……….has just won an international scholarship

A David Pike, whose parents are both teachers B David Pike whose parents are bothteachers

C David Pike parents of who are both teachers D David Pike, whom parents are bothteachers

37 The restaurant ………….has just opened has a famous chef

A whose B who C it D that

38 This school is only for children ………… first language is not English

39 The man ………had blew off in the wind chased it across the park

40 She lives in the house ………

A which has the red door B has the red door

C that with the red door D with its red door

II Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

41 The waiter whom served us yesterday was polite and friendly

C WRITING: Rewrite the sentences, using relative clauses.

1 Most of the people speak German They live in Australia

D READING:

I Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

In 1953, a Frenchman, De Valayer (1) ……….…… a postal system in Paris Heset up mail

(2) And delivered any letters placed in them if they used envelopes (3) ………….only

he sold (4)………enemy put live mice into the letter boxes and ruined De Valayer’s business

A schoolmate from England, Rowland Hill (5) …………the adhesive postage stamp in

1837, an act for which he was knighted Through his efforts the first stamp in the world wasissued in England in 1840 hill created the first uniform postage rates that were based onweight, rather than size

1 A established B erected C rebuilt D discovered

2 A contains B cans C bottles D boxes

5 A operated B worked C invented D examined

II Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

Between the Revolutionary period and the World War I, the United States post office wasset out to improve transportation of the post office mails From those early days to the present,the post office has helped develop and subsidize every new mode transportation in the UnitedStates Transportation has been the most important element in mail delivery Even when thegeneral public had still suspected of the security of a new means of transportation, the postoffice experimented with inventions that offered potential for moving the mail faster,occasionally suffering embarrassment, ridicule, or even abuse in the process

As mail delivery evolved from foot to horseback, stagecoach, steamboat, railroad,automobile, and airplane, with intermediate and overlapping use of balloons, and helicopters,post office mail contracts ensured the income necessary to build the great highways, rail lines,and airways that eventually spanned the continent

By the turn of the 19th century, the U.S Post Office had purchased a number ofstagecoaches for operation on the nation’s better post roads – a post road being any road onwhich the mail travels – and continued to encourage new designs to improve passenger comfortand carry mail safely

1 The passage is about

A transportation of the Post Office in the US B the Post Office in the Revolutionaryperiod

C the Post Office in the World War I D transportation and public ideas

2 According to the passage, the main purpose of the Post Office is

A to develop transportation B to apply new mean of transportation

C to deliver mail as safely and fast as possible

D to subsidize every new mode of transportation

3 Which means of transportation used in the Post Office is NOT referred in the passage?

4 The Post Office

A has never used helicopters in delivery

B contributes income to build highways, railroads, and airways

C has never been the first to use a new means of transportation

D makes no contribution to build roads

5 Any road on which the mail travels is called ………

A motorway B highway C national road D post road

REVISION UNIT 10: NATURE IN DANGER

I Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.

2 A decreased B influenced C endangered D established

II Circle the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.

B VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I Circle the best answer for each sentence.

1 Many rare are in danger of extinction

2 If people stop destroying animal’s natural habitat, more species will survive and produce

…………

A offspring B ecology C landscape D benefit

3 People in this region cultivate mainly rice and vegetables

A destroy B grow C develop D support

4 People are destroying the environment by adding to it

A pollutes B pollutions C polluted D pollutants

5 Many efforts have been made to protect nature

6 Many species of animals are threatened and could easily become

7 Many animals are for their fur and other valuable parts of their bodies

8 They started a campaign to smoking among teenagers

A encourage B decrease C discourage D prohibit

9 Dinosaurs became millions of years go

10 The chemical from cars and factories make the air, water and soil dangerously dirty

A pollution B polluted C pollutants D pollute

11 Human beings are for the changes in the environment

12 By cutting down trees, we the natural habitat of birds and animals

13 aren’t effective anymore because insects have become resistant to them

A Fertilizer B Pesticides C Herbicides D Composts

14 The earth will be a happy planet where human beings, animals and plants …………coexist

15 We are attempting to ………a close relationship with the neighboring countries

16 Nowadays, people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in ………

17 For many animals and birds, the problem is that their habitat is ………

A exhausting B departing C escaping D disappearing

18 It is time that governments ………….levels of environmental pollution

A reduced B decreased C dropped D A & B

19 In this …………we are very fortunate

20 The ………… is the air, water and land in or on which people, animals and plants live

A consequence B environment C planet D resource

21 He is the singer about I often tell you

22 The concert I listened last weekend was boring

23 That’s the girl to my brother got engaged

24 I like the village I used to live

25 The little girl I borrowed this pen has gone

26 The speech _ we listened last night was information

27 The boy to I lent my money is poor

28 The knife we cut bread is very sharp

29 The authority gathered those villagers they explained the importance of forests

30 The school has been given 20 computers, half of ………are brand new

31 ……….are very dense, warm and wet , are havens for millions of plants and animals

A Rain forests B Rain forests, that C Rain forests, where D Rain forests, which

32 I live in a flat in London I paid a high rent for it

A I live in a flat in London where I paid a high rent for

B I live in a flat in London for that I paid a high rent

C I live in a flat in London which I paid a high rent

D I live in a flat in London for which I paid a high rent

33 It was a kind of accident Nobody was really to blame for it

A It was a kind of accident for whom was really to blame it

B It was a kind of accident for which nobody was really to blame

C It was a kind of accident for which nobody was really to blame it

D It was a kind of accident, which nobody was really to blame for

34 I must thank the man I got the present from him.

A I must thank the man from whom I got the present

B I must thank the man from which I got the present

C I must thank the man from whom I got the present from him

D I must thank the man whom from I got the present

35 Washington is the man The Americans owe their independence to him

A Washington is the man whose independence the Americans owe to him

B Washington is the man that the Americans owe their independence to

C Washington is the man to whom the Americans owe their independence

D Washington is the man to that the Americans owe their independence

36 The Sales Manager is a young woman We have great confidence in her

A The Sales Manager is a young woman whose confidence we have in

B The Sales Manager is a young woman in whom we have great confidence her

C The Sales Manager is a young woman in which we have great confidence

D The Sales Manager is a young woman in whom we have great confidence

37 Cathy is trustworthy She is a person upon ………… you can always depend

38 Rain forests are places …………people harvest wood, delicious fruits and powerful medicine

39 The man showed us the cage ………he kept a fierce lion

40 Those villagers …………near the forest shop down hardwoods to sell for high prices

A live B who live C whom live D for whom to live

II Circle the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

41 I have two brothers, both of them are studying in England

45 The song to that we listened last night was beautiful.

A B C D

C WRITING: Combine each pair of sentences into one, using a relative clause following

a preposition.

0 Margaret is the girl * I went on holiday with her

→ Margaret is the girl with whom I went on holiday.

1 The flat is very dirty He lives in it

I Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

The scarcity of tigers and African elephants is more and more serious They are endangeredbecause poachers hunt them in order to sell tiger pelts and elephant ivory

At least 4,000 elephants are killed each year in order to meet the global demand for ivory,which is used to make carvings, jewelry and other products although it is illegal to sell ivorysince 1989 anywhere

“ Americans should be aware that there is still a problem with elephant poaching and loss tothe illegal ivory trade,” Ginette Hemley, Fund’s vice president for species conservation, toldThe Washington Post in September And so our message is “ Don’t buy it , and don’t takethat chance”

A Wildlife Fund report states that the United States seized 8,300 illegal ivory items between

1995 and 2002 Each week there are about 1,000 ivory auctions, the report said

As for tigers, their parts are used in traditional Chinese medicine Tiger bones are used as apain reliever in traditional medicine Even tiger’s whiskers are sold because some people inAsia think they are a good-luck charm – like a rabbit’s foot in the United States “ Part of ourjob is education,” said Professor Dillon “ The other part is law enforcement So we have morethan one strategy.”

1 Hunters poach tigers for their ………

2 Which sentence is NOT true.

A Elephants are hunted for their ivory

B It is not illegal to sell ivory

C There are about 4,000 elephants killed each year

D Elephant ivory is used to made jewelry

3 The word it in line 7 referred to ………

A an elephant B a tiger C tiger pelts D elephant ivory

4 The Chinese use parts of the tiger as …………

A carving B jewelry C decoration D medicine

5 According to Professor Dillon, ………

A there is only one strategy to solve the problem

B it is education that can help to solve the problem

C we need both education and law enforcement to solve the problem

D only law enforcement can help to solve the problem

II Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

Many environmental experts are pessimistic about the future of our (1) ……….They say that in the next few years harmful (2) ………will further damage the ozonelayer, there will be more losses of irreplaceable tropical (3) ……… , and serious (4)

………… pollution will cause the (5)………… itself to change

1 A country B planet C society D life

2 A chemicals B animals C species D plants

3 A climate B weather C rainforests D rain

REVISION UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY

A PHONETICS

I Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.

II Circle the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.

4 A electric B potential C plentiful D alternative

5 A alternative B geothermal C environment D expensively

6 A potential B exhausted C pollution D infinite

B VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I Circle the best answer for each sentence.

1 Non-renewable energy sources are running

2 solar energy, air and water are - resources because there is unlimited supply

A limited B renewable C available D non-renewable

3 People have used coal and oil to electricity for along time

A generation B generated C generate D generates

4 Coal and oil are non-renewable sources

A engineer B energy C engineering D energetic

5 The …………of these toxic substances into the environment is potentially devastating

A delivery B release C distribution D research

6 Oil, coal and natural gas are fuels made from decayed material

7 All fossil fuels are resources that cannot be replaced after use

A unlimited B renewable C available D non-renewable

8 We should develop such sources of energy as solar energy and nuclear energy

A tradition B alternative C revolutionary D surprising

9 Increased consumption will lead to faster of our natural resources

A exhaust B exhausting C exhaustion D exhaustive

10 heat comes from deep inside the earth

11 Biogas is the largest energy ……… available in rural areas in developing countries

12 Energy reserves are strictly ………

13 Solar energy can be changed ……… electricity

14 The sun releases large ………… of energy every day

15 Solar energy is not only plentiful ……….clean and safe.

16 Water energy is used to create electricity

17 A ………… is a structure that is used to convert the power of wind into electricity

18 Solar energy is not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe

A boundless B unlimited C uncountable D inflexible

19 We could make better ……….of our energy resources

20 It’s important for the developed countries to reduce energy ……….as much as possible

A exhaustion B destruction C consumption D waste

21 “Have you ever met the man over there?” “No Who is he?”

A stands B is standing C standing D who he isstanding

22 The boy the piano is my son

A who is playing B that is playing C playing D All are correct

23 by his parent, this boy was very sad

A Punished B Punishing C To be punished D Be punished

24 We have apartment the park

A overlooking B overlooks C to overlook D overlooked

25 He was the last person in this way

A to kill B who killed C being killed D to be killed

26 Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman _ governor in the United State

A who elected B to be elected C was elected D her election as

27 Norman Weiner, - mathematician and logician, had an important role in the development

of the computer

28 Johnny was the last applicant for a position in that energy station

A to interview B interviewing C to be interviewed D which is interviewed

29 The instructions ……… by Professor Johnson helped us know more about the danger

of energy

pollution

A that explained B explained C explaining D.which explained

30 Neil Armstrong was the first person ……… foot on the moon

A set B to set C who setting D to be set

31 The last person that leaves the room must turn off the lights

A The person who turn off the lights must leaves the room

B The last person to leaves the room must turn off the lights

C The last person to turn off the lights must leaves the room

D The one who turns off the lights in the room is the last person

32 Lady Astor was the first woman - her seat in Parliament

33 Lady Astor was the first woman …………her seat in Parliament

34 Pioneers, ………in isolated areas of the United States, were almost totally sufficient

self-A who living B living C lived D that lived

35 Completed in 1756, Nassau Hall is the oldest building now ….on the campus of PrincetonUniversity

A standing B it stands C has stood D stood

36 Coal was the first fuel ………to power machinery

37 In 1892, Mr.Rudolph designed an engine ………diesel engine

A that was called B was called C called D calling

38 The energy ………… by the windmill drives all the drainage pumps

A that is producing B which produces C producing D produced

39 The old man ……….a black suit is a famous energy researcher

A to wear B wearing C whom is wearing D is wearing

40 Seldom - each other anymore

A we have seen B do we see C we do see D we see

II Circle the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

41 The man to speak to me is John’s brother

C READING

I Circle the item among A, B, C or D that best answers the question about the passage.

Energy is fundamental to human beings, especially to poor people – the one- third ofhumanity that does not have modern energy supplies like electricity, with which their life could

be improve

Many people who live in countryside have to gather fuel wood This takes a lot of time.Moreover, it causes indoor air pollution because of heavy smoke For many people living inrural areas in developing countries of the world, biogas is the large energy resources availableand costs almost nothing The main use of biogas is for cooking and heating As biogas issmoke-free, it helps solve the problem of indoor air pollution Moreover, plant waste andanimal manure cost almost nothing

The tendency to use renewable energy sources is on the increase when non-renewableones are running out In the near, people in the developing countries may use wind or seawaves as the environment-friendly energy sources

1 What is the role of energy to human beings?

A unimportant B unnecessary C necessary D fundamental

2 What is the main use of biogas?

A It is used mainly for cooking and heating B It is mainly used for lighting

C It is mainly used for operating D It is mainly used for producing infactories

3 According to the passage, what is the most awful effect of using fuel wood?

A It causes indoor air pollution B It may cause fire

C It damages their houses D It affects the local scenery

4 The tendency to use renewable energy sources

A goes up B goes down C fluctuates D levels

5 What, according to the passage, may be used as the environment-friendly energy sources

A Nuclear energy B Coal C Wind and sea energy D Oil

D WRITING

I Reduce the relative clauses to participial phrases.

1 I don’t like people who arrive late

II Rewrite the sentences, using relative clauses.

1 The last person to be interviewed yesterday was Jack

UNIT 9: THE POST OFFICE

Choose one word whose underlined part is pronounced differently

1 A population B commune C punctuality D stimulation

2 A dissatisfaction B spacious C facsimile D telegram

Choose one word whose stress pattern is different

4 A distribute B stimulate C subscribe D affect

Choose the one best answer to complete each sentence

6 This hotel has got a very kitchen

7 A is someone who sells meat

8 A person who sells flowers is called a

A florist B farmer C vegetarian D biologist

9 We call a man who delivers the mail a

10 We’d like to buy the house overlooks West Lake

11 The woman daughter Jack loves is very kind

12 The letter she received this morning is from the USA

13 I don’t know the girl is wearing a long blue dress

14 Would you mind this parcel to Mr Brown, please?

15 I would like to have my mails and newspapers early in the morning

A deliver B delivery C delivered D to deliver

Put the verb into the correct tense:

16 Our house (destroy) in the storm last night

17 The police (look) for the painting now

18 _you (find) the wallet which you lost yet?

19 Spring (be) the time when many kinds of flowers blossom

20 He (not, phone) his girlfriend every day

21 I would like (fax) this document to my office in Hanoi

22 Before the postage stamp (invent) , it was difficult to send a

letter to another country

23 You (meet) Henry tomorrow

24 Laura (paint) a picture at 6:00 yesterday morning

25 I (pick) you up when you (arrive) at the airport

at 9 o’clock tomorrow

Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice:

26 Someone can’t make a cake without sugar

30 The police haven’t arrested the man who stole your money

 The man

31 Jonh will subscribe to Hoa Hoc Tro weekly magazine if he lives in Vietnam

 Hoa Hoc Tro weekly magazine _

32 When did people build this hotel?

42 Thanh Ba Post Office provides the Messenger Call Service ?

43 You sent a parcel which is under 15 kg yesterday, ?

44 A special mail service is fast, ?

45 Nobody helps me to send this document to my office ?

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

When you have a post-office box, the postman does not bring letters to you, but you go to

the post-office and get your letters and parcels from your box The box is locked, and you have

the key, so the letters are quite safe

One day, the headteacher of a school wrote to the post-office and asks for a post-office

box for his school He soon got an answer It said, “We will give you a post-office box in one

month.”

Three months later, the head teacher wrote to the post-office again and said, “Why

haven’t we got a post-office box yet?” This was how the post-office answered:

“ Dear Sir, We gave you a post-office box 2 months ago and wrote to you then to tell you

Here is the key to your box You will find our letter to you in it”

46 What happens when you have a post-office box?



47 Why are letters safe when they are in a post-office box?



48 Why did the headmaster write to the post-office?

UNIT 10: NATURE IN DANGER

Choose the word whose underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others

Choose the word whose main stress is different from that of the others

3 A capture B endanger C pesticide D devastate

Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the

underlined word or phrase

6 Has she bought the dress yet?

A that she is fond in B which she is fond of C who she wants it D which you

made of

7 My father is the man

A who I believe of B whom I believe in C whom I believe into D that I

believe at

8 The man is the headmaster of that school

A who I am introduced B to whom I am introduced

C whom you are introduced about D to who I am introduced

9 There are a lot of species of being in the world

10 Human being have great on the rest of the world

A focus B attention C influence D attraction

11 Some snakes lay eggs, but others give birth to live

A pesticide B offsprings C species D survival

12 Some chemical which farmers use to make the soil richer can pollute our

environment

A medicines B elements C fertilizers D proportion

13 Farmers use to kill insects that devastate their crops

A pesticides B toothpaste C cheese D plums

14 The society was set up to endangered species from extinction

A prevent B distinguish C preserve D survive

15 People in this region cultivate mainly rice and vegetables

Put the verb into the correct tense:

16 There (be) _ some water in the bottle

17 She (not/work) _, she (swim) in the river now

18 When she came, I (listen) _ a speech by the Presidents on the radio

19 Their daughter (study) English since she was in class 6

20 She (go) _ to the cinema on Sundays

21 While they (dance) _ in the hall, the light (go) out

22 My sister (take) an exam tomorrow

23 By the end of next week my wife (do) _ her spring cleaning and

we’ll all be able to relax again

24 They (get) _ five certificates by the time they (graduate)

25 Her son (save) a lot of money up to now

Combine these pairs of sentences, using WHERE, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, WHOSE,



40 The baby likes those songs His grandmother sings those songs every evening



Tag questions

41 You always learn hard, _?

42 The number of rare animals is decreasing so rapidly, _?

43 Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago, _?

44 Visitors do not help to preserve and protect national parks, _?

45 No one has been there, _?

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

The elephant is the largest animal to walk on Earth An elephant can carry a load of 1,200

pounds They eat 300 pounds of food a day An elephant baby can weigh 200 pounds at birth

Elephants can live up to 70 years Elephants can be trained to carry logs with their trunks

They also use their trunks for drinking water, bathing, eating and communicating There are

two kinds of elephants: the African elephant and the Indian elephant African elephant can be

characterized as larger ears The African elephant grows up to 10 feet and weighs as much as

12,000 pounds The Indian elephant grows up to 9 feet tall, and weighs up to 800 pounds This

elephant is characterized as smaller ears Another name for the Indian elephant is the Asian

UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY

Choose one word whose underlined part is pronounced differently

Choose one word whose stress pattern is different

3 A renewable B infinite C alternative D potential

4 A consumption B resource C recipient D pesticide

5 A maintenance B geothermal C satisfaction D prohibition

Choose the one best answer to complete each sentence

6 Oil, coal and natural gas are

A nuclear energy B fossil fuels C plentiful D infinite

7 We try to make full use of our local .

A ecology B potential C economics D geothermal

8 Scientists have done researches on activities of the world’s volcanoes

A sport B ecological C geothermal D geodetic

9 Vietnam is rich in , such as coal, apatite, bauxite, etc

A natural resources B seas C land D fish

10 Some people think nuclear power is the only real

A alternation B energetic C alternative D fossil fuel

11 Do you know the girl a long white dress?

12 The house 40 years ago is still in good condition

A which built B to build C built D building

13 I like the food by my mother

A was cooked B cooked C which cooked D cooking

14 Linda was the last student at the oral exam

15 The man the bank is a millionaire

A is entering B entering C to be entered D enters

Put the verb into the correct tense:

16 My parents let me (go) out without (say) anything

17 George (not, complete) the assignment yet

18 Janet and Betty (play) tennis with Jack and me every afternoon

19 Tom used to (go) to a lot of parties when he was a student

20 Last night, he (apologize) me for (arrive) late

21 My grandfather (die) _ after he (be) ill for a long time

22 I (ask) him (take) you to school tommorow

23 My sister (write) _ the first article when she (be) 14 years old

24 I (find) _ this old photo when I (look) for my passport

25 When we (arrive) at the meeting, the first speaker (just, finish)

speaking and the audience was clapping

Make conditional sentences for the following situations.

26 The war will spread everywhere if we don’t stop it

36 There was a test yesterday You didn’t know that, so you didn’t study

 If I had known that _

37 Your friend was in the hospital You didn’t know that, so you didn’t visit her

41 Her name is Linda Martin, ?

42 You often have bread and meal for breakfast, ?

43 He never drink wine, ?

44 I think she is a good teacher, ?

45 No salt is needed, ?

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

Scientists are now looking for cheaper way to use solar energy to heat air and water

Many buildings are using solar energy to heat their water now Solar unit on the roofs of

buildings collect the energy and use it to heat water Although these units are still very

expensive, more and more people are buying solar hot water heaters Universities and colleges

give solar energy courses where students learn to build their own solar collectors They are

also many books that explain the construction of solar collectors In the future, there will be

more and more solar collectors, especially in the sunny desert areas of the world

46 What are the scientists doing now?

REVISION UNIT 12: THE ASIAN GAMES

A PHONETICS

I Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other

words.

II Circle the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other words.

5 A advance B gymnasium C solidarity D variety

B VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I Circle the best answer for each sentence.

1 The Vietnamese participants took in the 14th Asian Games with great enthusiasm

2 from several countries competed in many Asian Game

A Spectators B Athletes C Audience D Viewers

3 How many sports are there the 14th Asian Games?

4 The quiet country roads are ideal for cycling The word “cycling” is closest in meaning to

“ ”

A driving a car B riding a bicycle C kicking a ball D.playing football

5 The Olympic Games is one of the biggest sporting all over the world

6 Swimming is one of the sports

A mountainous B aquatic C racing D running

7 can help athlete to improve the strength of muscles and the appearance of the body

A Shooting B Table tennis C Weightlifting D Playing chess

8 On some special occasions, people often march and demonstrate to show their

9 Vietnam won 3 gold in the 15th Asian Games

10 Nearly 500 from 11 nations took part in the first Asian Games in New Delhi, Indian

A viewers B spectators C athletes D passers-by

12 The Asian Games have been advancing all aspects

13 Scuba-driving and windsurfing are both aquatic sports

14 Only six were played in the first Asian Games

15 50,000 people attended the opening Ceremony of the 15th Asian Games with more than billion television

16 The Asian Games are held for the of developing intercultural knowledge

17 The hotel has special for disabled athletes

A facility B facilitation C facilitate D facilities

18 Experts feel that they are related to the deep wishes and fears of the dreamer

A study dreams B who dream study C whose dream study D.who study dreams

19 Did you see the opening ceremony on TV last night?

20 There were many scientists at the meeting, several of were very young

21 This is the novel I’ve been expecting

22 I’m not the man you are looking for?

23 Fencing was first introduced at the 13th Asian Games, in Bangkok, Thailand in 1998

A to be held B holing C when was held D which was held

24 Each country sends its best athletes participation expresses the friendship andsolidarity.

25 He rang James, a good friend as well as his trainer

26 came from France were really more friendly than any others

A The athletes, that B The athletes whom C The athletes who D.The athletes which

27 That is Mr Pike, a referee, I told you about

28 This is a picture in the newspaper of a high jumper leg was seriously hurt

29 I like the book you lent me last week

30 I know the man Miss White is talking to

31 He took out a photo of Pe’le’, he adored

32 The death of his son was an experience from he never fully recovered

33 We have to make good preparations an important part of the Games

34 Thousands of people along the roads watched the bicycle racing

A to stand B that stand C standing D stood

35 John Murray is the man He owns the Grand Hotel

A John Murray is the man owns the Grand Hotel

B John Murray is the man whom owns the Grand Hotel

C John Murray is the man, that owns the Grand Hotel

D John Murray is the man who owns the Grand Hotel

36 This is the sweater I bought it on Saturday

A This is the sweater which I bought it on Saturday

B This is the sweater I bought it on Saturday

C This is the sweater, that I bought it on Saturday

D A & B

37 You are playing some music, and it sounded familiar

A The music, you were playing, sounded familiar.

B The music you were playing sounded familiar

C The music sounded familiar which you were playing

D The music with which you were playing sounded familiar

38 We were looking at some jewelry, but it was expensive

A The jewelry which we were looking at was expensive

B The jewelry we were looking at was expensive

C The jewelry looking at was expensive

D A & B

39 The boys are talking about the exciting match on TV

A seeing B they saw C whom they saw D to see

40 The rumor we heard yesterday is not true

II Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

41 This year, that is for the first time, the event is open to all amateur athletes along with the

II Underline any relative pronouns that can be left out in these sentences.

1 I think that my boss is the person whom I admire most

2 We are taking the train that’s leaves at 6.00

3 Have you seen the book that I left here on the desk?

4 My radio, which isn’t very old, has suddenly stopped working

5 Last week I ran into an old friend whom I hadn’t seen for ages

6 The couple who met me at the station took me out to dinner

7 The bag in which the robbers put the money was found later

8 I really like the tea which you made me this morning.

C READING

I Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

The Asian Games owes its origins to small Asian multi-sport competitions The Far EasternChampionship Games were created to show unity and cooperation among three nations: Japan, thePhilippines and China The first games were held in Manila, the Philippines in 1931 Other Asiannations participated after it was organized

After World War II, a number of Asian countries became independent Many of the newindependent Asian countries wanted to use a new type of competition where Asian dominanceshould not be shown by violence and should be strengthened by mutual understanding In August

1948, during the 14th Olympic Game in London, India representative Guru Dutt Sondhi proposed tosports leaders of the Asian teams the idea of having discussions about holding the Asian Games.They agreed to form the Asian Athletic Federation A preparatory was set up to draft the charter forthe Asian amateur athletic federation In February, 1949, the Asian athletic federation was formedand used the name Asian Games Federation It was formed and used the name Asian GamesFederation It was decided to hold the first Asian Games in 1951 in New Delhi the capital of India.They added that the Asian Games would be regularly held once every four years

1 The text is about

A the origin of the Asian Games B the Far Eastern Championship Games

C the Games in Manila D the relationship of Japan, the Philippines,and China

2 The Far Eastern Championship Games

A were held in Manila after World War II B were held in Japan

C were attended by all countries in Asia D had the participation of only three nations

3 The 14th Olympic Games took place

A in 1913 B in August 1948 C before the World War II D In February 1949

4 The Asian Games

A were suggested establishing by a Londoner

B were first held in China

C were first held in India

D were held in the same year of the 14th Olympic Games

5 The Asian Games were first held in

II Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

The 15th Asian Games (1) ………from December 1 through December 15, 2006, in Doha,Capital of Qatar More than 10,000 (2) ……… , who (3) ……….45 countries and regions, (4)

………….in 39 sports and 424 events of the Games, the most important (5) ………inAsian Some new events such as chess and triathlon were also included in the Games.

1 A set up B took part C brought out D took place

2 A athletes B listeners C speakers D referees

3 A symbolized B represented C expressed D typified

4 A set up B took part C brought out D took place

D WRITING: Rewrite each pair of sentences as one sentence, and include the word in bold Begin as shown, and make any necessary changes

1 We want to visit a museum It opens at 12.00 that

→ The museum that we wanted to visit opens at 12.00

2 A boy’s bike was taken He visited the police station whose

7 I go to the shop in the centre It is cheaper that

→ The shop in the centre………

8 I go to a girl’s party She phoned me whose

→ The girl ………

CLEFT SENTENCES (Câu chẻ)

Câu chẻ được dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần của câu như chủ từ, túc từ hay trạng từ

1 Nhấn mạnh chủ từ (Subject focus)