Tập quán ăn gỏi cá sống và nguy cơ nhiễm sán lá gan nhỏ của người dân trên 15 tuổi tại một xã khu vực nam trung bộ

Y HOC Vl&T NAM THANG - SO 2/2014 TAP QUAN AN GOI CA SONG vA NGUY C a N H I M S A N LA GAN NHO CUA NGU'Cri D A N T R E N 15 TUOI TAI MOT XA KHU VU'C NAM TRUNG BO Le Hiru Tho* T M TAT Nghien cirtJ mo ta cat ngang 6ifdc tien hanh tff thang 6/2012 den thang 12/2012 vdi c3 mau phong van la 375 ngu'di dan vdi myc tieu la xac dmh cac yeu to nguy cd nhiem san la gan nho tai xa An H6a,huyen Tuy An, Phu Yen. Ket qua cho thay co moi lien quan giffa gidi tfnh, kien thffc, thai dp, hanh vi Sn goi ca va thffc hanh chung ciia doi tu'dng vdi tinh trang nhiem SLG nho (p < 0,01). Nam gidi cd nguy cd nhiem gap 3,3 lan nff gidi. Nhom cd kien thffc, thai do, thffc hanh dat co nguy cd nhiem thap hdn nhom khdng dat. SUMMARY ACTION OF EATING DRAW FISH D I S H AND RISKY FACTORS OF OPISTHORCHIS VIVERRINI I N F E C T I O N AT ONE COMMUNE OF SOUTH-CENTRAL REGION OF VIETNAM A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2012 to December 2012 (sample size 375 objects) to Identify risky factors of Opisthorehis vivernni infection at An Hoa Commune, Tuy An Distnct, Phu Yen Province. Results showed that there are a relationship between sex, knowledge, attitude and action of eating draw fish dish and general practice with Opisthorehis viverrini infection (p < 0.01). Male has a higher infectious risk than women (more than 3.3 times). Groups which passed knowledge, attitude and practice are in lower risk infection than un-passed groups. I. OAT VAN OE Benh san la gan (SLG) nhd la mdt nhffng benh ky sinh trung gay anh hffdng rat Idn den sffc khoe cua ngffdi. Ngffdi b| mac benh san la gan nhd la an phai ca nffdc ngpt cd chira au triing san la gan nhd chffa dffdc nau ehfn. Tren the gidi benh san la gan nhd hien dang gay anh hffdng trffc tiep ft nhat 23 trieu ngffdi ya !^ moi de dpa den sffc khoe ciia hang tram trieu ngffdi khac. [1]. Tai Viet Nam, nam 1998 cd khoang 500.000 ngffdi bj nhiem benh SLG nhd tap trung d cac tinh dong bang Bac bp va mien Trung [2]. Oen nam 2006, benh san la gan nhd * SdYte Khanh Hda Phanbign khoa hgc: PGS.TS Ho Ba Do da du'dc phat hien ft nhat d 25 tinh, gdm 15 tfnh phia Bac va 10 tinh mien Trung-Tay Nguyen vdi ty le nhiem tff 0,2-37% [3],[4]. Vat chu trung gian cd nhilm au triing san la gan nhd la cac loai ca nhu': ca tram, ca trdi, ca me, ca chep, ca giec. Phu Yen la mpt tinh ven bien Nam Trung bp, cd nhieu sdng ngdi va ao hd tff nhien nen cd nhieu Ioai ca nffdc ngot va ngffdi dan da phan sdng bang nghe ndng. Hdn nffa, hp cd tap quan an gdi ca sdng va coi day la mdt mdn an dac san ciia minh. Day cd the la nguyen nhan dan den viec tang nguy cd nhiem san la gan nhd cpng dong, anh hffdng den sffc khde ciia ngffdi dan, gay khd khan cdng tac cham sdc sffc khde cdng ddng, anh hffdng den sff phat trien kinh te - xa hdi ciia dia phffdng. Vi vay, chiing tdi thffc hien de tai nghien cffu vdi myc tieu "mdta mpt sdyeu tdnguy cd lien quan den Hoa." nhiem san ia gan nhd tai xaAn II. OOI TUgWG VA PHU'aNG PHAP NGHIEN CUTJ . . Dja d i e m , d d i t f f d n g va t h d i gian n g h i e n cu'u 2.1.1. Dja diem nghien ciTu: tai xa An Hda, huyen Tuy An, tinh Phu Yen. 2.1.2. Ddi tu'dng nghien CtJ'U: Ngffdi dan tff 16 tuoi trd len xa nghien cffu 2.1.3. Thdi gian nghien cthi: tff thang 6/2012 den thang 12/2012, 2.2. Phu'dng phap n g h i e n cu'u 2.2.1. Thiet ke nghien cud: cat ngang md ta Chpn mau va c3 mau: Dffa tren danh sach 3.152 hp gia dinh ciia xa, chpn mau ngau nhien he thdng vdi sd hd la 125 hd vdi cd mau la 375. 2.2.2. Ky thuat ap dung nghien cut: Phdng van tat ca ddi tffdng ve kien thffc, thai dd va thffc hanh benh SLG nhd Quan sat tap quan an gdi ca ciia ngffdi dan tai diem nghien cffu 2.2.3. Npi dung nghien cii'u Ndi dung nghien cffu: Nghien ciru ty le nhiem SLG nhd bang ky thuat xet nghiem phan Kato-katz. Nghien cffu yeu td nguy cd bang ky thuat phdng van theo cau hdi KAP. 2.3. Xff ly so lieu So lieu dffdc nhap Epidata va xff ly tren chffdng trinh Stata. Y HOC VIET NAM THANG - SO 2/2014 III. KET QUA NGHIEN CU'U Bang 1. Ty le nhiem san la gan nho chung d xa An Hoa (n=384) So(+) S6XN Ty le (»/o) GI6i P OR 38 Nam 186 20,4 p < 0,01 14 NiJ 198 7,1 OR = 3,3 384 52 Tong cong 13,5 Xet nghiem 384 ddi tddng cd 52 trddng hdp nhiim san la gan nhd chiem 13,5%. Tyle nhiem d nam 20,4%, d ni/la 7,1%. Nhiem san la gan nhd d nam cao hdn d nd, sd khac biet cd y nghia thong ke < 0,01). Bang 2. Lien quan qiiJa lang Thj Cam Thach, Pham V3n ThSn, Nguyen Thj Ha va CTV (2005), "Tinh hinh nhiem va SLf phan bo ciia Cionorchis sinensis \.tkn the gidi va Viet Nam". Tap chi phong chong benh Sdt ret va cac benh Ky smh trung. Vien Sot ret-KST-CT Trung i/dng, (1), tr 69 - 77. z. Le Oinh Cong (1998), Tinh hinh benh giun san hien d Viet Nam, phWdng hu'dng ke hoach phong chong cac benh giun san 1998-2000 va den nam 2005. Hoi thao QuiSc gia phong chong cac benh giun san 1998-2000 va den 2005, Bo Y^te • DiT an phong ciiong cac benh giun san, Ha Noi, tr 01-07. 3. Nguyen Van Chu'dng (2007), "Ket qua nghien cii'u cac benh giun san tai khu vUc mien Trung-Tay Nguyen glai doan 1989-2006, dmh hydng chien lu'dc phong chong giun san 2007-2010". Ky yeu cdng trinh nghien c&u k/ioa hoc 2001-2006. Vien Sot ret-KST-CT Quy Nhdn, NXB Y hoc, nam 2007, tr 402-409 . Y HOC Vl&T NAM THANG 2 - SO 2/2014 TAP QUAN AN GOI CA SONG vA NGUY Ca NHI6M SAN LA GAN NHO CUA NGU'Cri DAN TREN 15 TUOI TAI MOT XA KHU VU'C NAM TRUNG BO T6M TAT. ngffdi khac. [1]. Tai Viet Nam, nam 1998 cd khoang 500.000 ngffdi bj nhiem benh SLG nhd tap trung d cac tinh dong bang Bac bp va mien Trung [2]. Oen nam 2006, benh san la gan nhd * SdYte Khanh . hien ft nhat d 25 tinh, gdm 15 tfnh phia Bac va 10 tinh mien Trung- Tay Nguyen vdi ty le nhiem tff 0,2-37% [3],[4]. Vat chu trung gian cd nhilm au triing san la gan nhd la cac loai ca nhu':