U 9 E 12 CB

The desert today is characterized with 700 - foot - high dunes but giant sand mountains.. The desert today is characterized by 700 - foot - high dunes and giant sand mountains.. The dese

UNIT 9 E 12 CB

1 The Sahara contains complex linear dunes that are by almost 6 kilometers

2 A _ is a landscape or region that receives very little precipitation

3 Deserts are often composed of and rocky surfaces

4 After Peter had returned from the Sahara desert, he was confined to bed by a disease

a mystery b mysterious c mysteriously d mysteriousness

5 Most deserts are enormous sandy areas

6 Camels were often used _ transportation by people of the desert

7 If the deserts are managed, there may be troubles for scientific expeditions

8 Deserts take one-third of the Earth's land surface

9 I want to work as an interpreter in the future, , I am studying Russian at university

10 I am going shopping for food this evening, I do not have to go at the weekend

11 I went to buy a Rolling Stones CD, the shop didn't have it

12 We have not yet won; , we will keep trying

13 The first part of the test was easy; the second, , took hours

14 Polar bears are beautiful animals; _, they are wild and unpredictable in nature

15 You do not have to be afraid of bear, _ educating yourself about the dangers can help keep you safe

16 Yesterday, I had to learn all day for my French final _, I did not get to sleep until after midnight

a Nevertheless b However c Therefore d But

17 Mrs Lindon has that she is unable to get a job

a but not enough education b so little education

c however little education d such little education

II ERROR CORRECTION:

18 The stereo didn’t work, so that Vicky took it back to the shop (so)

A B C D

19 Desert is a large area of land that has very little water however very few

A B C

plants growing on it (and)

D

20 Rain falls occasionally in deserts so desert storms are often violent.

A B (but) C D

21 Deserts may have underground springs, rivers, or reservoirs they lie

A B

close to the surface, or deep underground (that / which)

C D

22 Disease, pollute, and limited distribution are factors that threaten

A (pollution) B C D

various plant and animal species

III WRITING:

23 If Jim had been paying attention, he would have heard the question

A Jim was paying attention, but he did not hear the question

B Jim was not paying attention and he did not hear the question

C Jim was not paying attention, but he heard the question

D Jim was paying attention and he heard the question

24 Slippery as the roads were, they managed to complete the race

a The roads were so slippery that they could hardly complete the race

b The roads were slippery but they managed to complete the race

c The roads were slippery so they could hardly complete the race

d The roads were so slippery; therefore, they could hardly complete the race

25 They decided to go for a picnic though it was very cold

a Because it was very cold, they decided to go for a picnic

b However cold it was, they decided to go for a picnic

c If it had been cold, they would not have gone for a picnic

d It was very cold so they decided to go for a picnic

26 Both Peter and Mary enjoy scientific expedition

a It is not Peter, but Mary, that enjoys scientific expedition

b Peter enjoys scientific expedition Therefore, does Mary

c However Peter enjoys scientific expedition and Mary does

d Peter enjoys scientific expedition, and so does Mary

27 Because it was an interesting novel, I stayed up all night to finish it

a I stayed up all night to finish the novel, therefore, it was interesting

b Unless it were an interesting novel, I would stay up all night to finish it

c Though it was an interesting novel, I stayed up all night to finish it

d So interesting was the novel that I stayed up all night to finish it

28 The desert today / be characterized / 700 - foot - high dunes / giant sand mountains

a The desert today is characterized with 700 - foot - high dunes but giant sand mountains

b The desert today is characterized by 700 - foot - high dunes and giant sand mountains

c The desert today is characterized by 700 - foot - high dunes and however giant sand mountains

d The desert today which is characterized by 700 - foot - high dunes and giant sand mountains

29 The first white man / traverse / this desert / H St.John Philby / in the 1930s

a The first white man traversed this desert was H St.John Philby, in the 1930s

b The first white man traversed this desert and was H St.John Philby, in the 1930s

c The first white man to traverse this desert he was H St.John Philby, in the 1930s

d The first white man to traverse this desert was H St.John Philby, in the 1930s.

30 The Arabian Desert / third-largest in the world / cover / nearly 1 million square mile of the

Arabian Peninsula

a The Arabian Desert, is third-largest in the world, covers nearly 1 million square mile of the Arabian Peninsula

b The Arabian Desert, that is third-largest in the world, covers nearly 1 million square mile of the Arabian Peninsula

c The Arabian Desert, third-largest in the world, covers nearly 1 million square mile of the Arabian Peninsula

d The Arabian Desert, third-largest in the world, therefore, covers nearly 1 million square mile of the Arabian Peninsula

V READING:

Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

The Middle East and North Africa are one of the driest regions on earth Nearly two-thirds of the region is desert The Sahara Desert of northern Africa is the largest desert in the world

Desert air (1) little moisture, so few clouds form over the land Without clouds to block the sun, temperatures may reach as high as 125°F during the day At night, without the clouds to contain the heat, the temperature can fall to as low as 125°F

Extreme temperatures combine with little rainfall make desert life difficult for people, plants, and animals (2) , some life forms have adapted to even the most severe desert environment , Camels are able to survive long periods without food or water Many desert plants have long, shallow root systems This allows the plants to reach out to collect water over great distances Other desert plants have taproots Taproots grow very deep (3) they can tap sources of underground water Plant life

in the desert is usually spread out over great distances This is why deserts are often described as barren, or lifeless

When many people think of a desert they often think of endless miles of hot sand, but a desert does not have to be hot or sandy Most of the land of the Middle East and North Africa is hot, dry desert land, (4) some deserts look very different Most of Antarctica is a desert but there is no sand on the continent and the climate of Antarctica is (5) coldest on earth

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

A desert is a hostile, potentially deadly environment for unprepared humans In hot deserts, high temperatures cause rapid loss of water due to sweating, and the absence of water sources with which to replenish it can result in dehydration and death within a few days In addition, unprotected humans are also at risk from heatstroke

Humans may also have to adapt to sandstorms in some deserts, not just in their adverse effects on respiratory systems and eyes, but also in their potentially harmful effects on equipment such as filters, vehicles and communication equipment Sandstorms can last for hours, sometimes even days

Despite this, some cultures have made hot deserts 'their home for thousands of years, including the Bedouin, Tuareg tribe, and Pueblo people Modern technology, including advanced irrigation systems, desalinization and air conditioning, has made deserts much more hospitable, In the United States and Israel for example, desert farming has found extensive use

In cold deserts, hypothermia and frostbite are the chief hazards, as well as dehydration in the absence of a source of heat to melt ice for drinking Falling through pack-ice or surface ice layers into freezing water is a particular danger requiring emergency action to prevent rapid hypothermia Starvation is also a hazard; in low temperatures the body requires much more food energy to maintain body heat and to move As with hot deserts, some people such as the Inuit have adapted to the harsh conditions of cold deserts

19 The text is about

a troubles that human beings have to face in a desert

b desert storms and desert inhabitants

c hot deserts and cold deserts in the United States

d desert hospitality and environment

20 Which is not a problem for an unprepared man in a hot desert?

a sandstorm b loss of water c irrigation d heatstroke

21 Sandstorms

a do no harm to machinery

b have effects only on the eyes

c never lasts more than one hour

d have bad effects on both human beings and machinery

22 Which sentence is true?

a No one can survive in both hot and cold deserts

b Modern technology makes deserts more hospitable.

c In the United States, all deserts are quite uninhabited

d There are no deserts in Israel

23 Which is not a problem in cold deserts?

a Starvation b Hypothermia c Frostbite d Body heat Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.

24 a grasses b stretches c comprises d potatoes