khảo sát mức độ ô nhiễm chì trong môi trường quanh khu vực công ty cổ phần pin - ắc quy vĩnh phú và bước đánh giá rủi ro đối với môi trường trong khu vực chịu ảnh hưởng

DAI HQC QUOC GIA HA NOI TRirONG DAI HOC KHOA HOC TlT NHIEN LE HONG PHUC KHAO SAT MirC DO NHIEM CHI TRONG MOI TRUONG QUANH KHU VUC CONG TY CO PHAN PIN - AC QUY VINH PHU VA B U C DAU DANH GIA RIJI RO DOI \ l MOI TRUONG TRONG KHU VUC CHIU ANH HUONG Chuyen nganh: HOA PHAN TICH Ma so: 60 44 29 LUAN VAN THAC S KHOA HOC l • • * NGUOI HUOTNG DAN KHOA HOC PGS.TS TRAN HONG CON HaN6i-2011 Ldl CAM ON My^cr/ long biet on sdu sac, toi xin tran cam an thdx gido ^ PGS TS Tran Hong Con cung tap the cdc thay co gido thuoc Bo mon Hoa hoc Moi trudng, phdng Cong nghe Moi tnrang da giao de tdi va tan tinh giup toi suot qud trinh thirc hien lugn van Toi xin duac giri lai cdm an chdn thdnh den cdc anh chi, cdc ban dong nghiep Phong Phdn tich Moi tnrang vd mot so phdng ban khdc, da luon tgo dieu kien giup da toi re cong rice cung nhir ve mat chuyen mon de toi hodn thdnh hidn van tot nhdt Toi cung xin chdn thdnli cam an Ban Gidm Hieu trudng coo dang cong nghiep hod chat, cdc ban dong nghiep n;^u-di than vd cdc ban hoc vien lop Ky, - Cao hoc hod da huhi Joiv^ vicn gii4p da toi suot cdc nam hoc vd thai gian thuc hicn hidn van HaSoi iluhn^ III nam 2(U I Hoc vien : Le Hong Phuc DANH MUC BANG BIEU Bang 2.1 Thai gian va vj tri lay mau nuac be mat quanh khu vuc 41 Cong ty Bang 2.2 Thai gian va vi tri lay mau nuac gieng quanh khu vuc 41 Cong ty Bang 2.3 Thai gian va vj tri lay mau dat quanh khu vuc Cong ty 42 Bang 2.4 Thai gian va vi tri lay mau rau quanh khu vuc Cong t>' 43 Bang 2.5 Phan tram am ciia mau bun dat 44 Bang 2.6 Phan tram kho cua mau rau xanh 47 Bang 2.7 Tong ket cac dieu kien AAS xac dinh chi 48 Bang 2.8 Ket qua AAS cua chi day tieu chuan 49 Bang 3.1 Gia tri giai ban nong gay nhiem cua Pb 51 Bang 3.2 Nong Pb^"" cac mau nuac be mat 51 Bang 3.3 Nong Pb^"^ cac mau nuac gieng khai 56 Bang 3.4 Ham lugng chi cac mau dat (bun) 57 Bang 3.5 Nong chi c6 rau xanh 60 Bang 3.6 Nong chi nuac muo'ng lai ba \ i tri 62 Bang 3.7 Nong chi nuac rugng 63 Bang 3.8 Ham lugng chi bun rugng 66 Bang 3.9 Ham lugng chi dat ruong 67 Bans 3.10 Ham luons chi trone bun muong 67 Bang 3.11 Ham luona chi dat muong 68 Bang 3.12 Ham lugng chi bun ao khu dan cu 6 Bang 3.15 Cac thong s6 dugc lira chon de tinh lieu lugng lieu thu chi 76 Bang 3.16 trung binh nga\ Li^u lugng tieu thu trung binh ADD doi \ 6i nguoi 78 truong Bano 3.17 Lieu lugng tieu thu trung binh nga> ADD d6i N nguoi truons 78 DANH MUC HINH VE DO THI Hinh 1.1 Day chuyen cong nghe san xuat Acqui cua Cong ty 34 Hinh 1.2 Day chuyen cong nghe san xuat Pin cua Cong ty 35 Hinh 2.1 So mo ta dia diem cong ty va vi tri l4y mau 38 Hinh 2.2 Do thi duang chuan cua nguyen to chi 50 Hinh 3.1 Bieu bieu dien ham lugng chi nuac be mat vao mua kbo 53 Hinh 3.2 Bieu bieu dien ham luone chi trons nuac be mat vao mua mua 53 Hinh 3.3 Bieu so sanh ham lugng chi trung binh nuoc be mat vao hai mua 54 Hinh 3.4 Bieu bieu dien ham lugng chi nuoc ngam 56 Hinh 3.5 Bieu bieu dien ham lugng chi dat, bun 58 Hinh 3.6 Bieu bieu dien ham lugng chi rau xanh 60 Hinh 3.7 Ket qua luong tieu thu chi trung binh nga> 77 MUC LUC • • LOICAMON DANH MVC BANG BIEU DANH MUC HINH VE DO THI MO DAU Chucngl: TONG QUAN 11 1.1 Van de nhiem nguon n u w 11 1.1.1 Nuac vai moi truong song 1] 1.1.2 Cac nguon va cac chat gay nhiem 12 1.2 Dat va van de nhiem dat 13 1.2.1 Khai niem ve dat va moi truong dat 13 1.2.2 Nguon gay nhiem cho moi truong dat 15 1.3 Thuc trang nhiem nguon nuoc va dat cac kim loai nang 16 1.3.1 Nguon goc gay nhiem va nhung hau qua de lai 16 1.3.2 Danh gia muc rui ro den sue khoe nguoi 18 1.4 Gioi thieu chung ve nguyen to chi 19 1.4.1 Vai net ve nguyen to chi 19 1.4.2 Tinh chat cua chi -0 1.4.3 Cac phuong phap xac djnh chi 24 1.5 Gioi thieu ve Cong t\ c6 phan Pin - Acquy Vlnh Phii 30 1.5.1 GieVi thieu chung ve Cong ty -^0 1.5.2 Hien trang moi truong cua Cong ty • ^ 1.5.3 He thc^ng cung cap nuoc san xuat \ a nuoc thai cua Cong r\ -o 1.5.4 Day chuyen cong nghe san xuat Pin \ a Acqu> cua Cong t\ ".^ Chiiong 2: THUC NGHIEM 2.1 Doi tirong va phuong phap nghien ciiii 2.1.1 Doi tugng nghien cuu 2.1.2 phuong phap nghien cuu '^^ -^6 2.1.3 Phuong phap phan tich 39 2.1.4 Dung cu va each pha hoa chat 39 2.2 Lay mau va xir \y mau 40 2.2.1 Thai gian va vi tri lay mau 40 2.2.2 Xu ly mau 43 2.3 Phan tich xac djnh chi bang phu-oTig phap hap thu nguyen tu* ngon lira F-AAS 48 2.3.1 Cac dieu kien cua chi theo phuong phap (F-AAS) 48 2.3.2 Xay dung duang chuan ciia nguyen to chi (phuong p h ^ F-AAS) 49 Chuang 3: KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 Tieu chuan viet nam 3.2 51 51 Khao sat, danh gia ham luong chi moi truong khu vuc chju anh huong 51 3.2.1 Khao sat danh gia ham lugng chi moi truong nuac 51 3.2.2 Khao sat, danh gia ham lugng chi dat bun 57 3.2.3 Khao sat danh gia ham lugng chi rau xanh 60 3.3 Nguyen nhan va hau qua nhiem doi vol moi truong n u o c 61 3.3.1 Con duong gay nhiem chinh cho moi truong nuoc be mat 61 3.3.2 Nguyen nhan va qua trinh nhiem nuoc be mat 62 3.3.3 Moi quan he cua cac qua trinh van chu>en chi theo nguon nuoc be mat ^-^ 3.4 Nguyen nhan va hau qua nhiem doi voi moi truoTig bun dat 66 3.4.1 Nguyen nhan va qua trinh nhiem bun \ a ^a/ 66 Moi quan he cua cac qua trinh tich ]u\ \ a ton du chi dat 3.4.2 3.5 (bun) Moi tu-OTig quan han lirong chi \\\ln truong >a thuc trang nhiem tai khu virc chin anh huong 70 71 r 3.5.1 Moi quan he giua ham lugng chi nuac b^ mat va dat, bun nai tiep nhan 7] 3.5.2 Phan tich nguyen nhan cua qua trinh van chuyen va ton du chi 71 3.5.3 Du doan nii ro nhiem chi xung quanh khu vuc cong t>' 72 3.6 Danh gia mirc riii ro den sire khoe cong dong tir moi trutmg 74 3.6.1 Tinh toan cac thong so de danh gia muc rui ro 74 3.6.2 Danh gia khong chac chan cua so lieu va ket qua nghien cuu 78 KET LUAN 81 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 83 M O DAU Trong nhiing thap ky gan day tinh trang nhiem moi truong da tra van de nong bong dugc nhieu nguoi, nhieu t6 chirc, nhieu qu6c gia that su quan tam Chinh vi vay viec phap hien, ngan chan va bao ve su sach f r cua moi truong song tren trai dat la nhiem vu dat hang d4u d6i vai nhan loai Van de nhiem kim loai nang nguon nuoc da va dang xay rkx nghiem trgng, ngoai nhiem den ca moi truong dat khong va luong thuc thuc pham, xung quanh khu vuc cac Cong ty, nha may, khu cong nghiep, vung dan cu Ian can Cac kim loai nang d6ng vai tro la nhung nguyen to vi lugng vi mot lugng nho ciia chiing thuong dugc tim thay moi truong thuc pham, ' ^ ' chung la nhung nguyen to can thiet cho sire khoe cua nguoi Tuy nhien neu mot lugng ion cac nguyen to tham nhap vao ccr the se ga)' doc man tinh va cap tinh cho ngucri va dong vat Cac duong xam nhap c6 the true tiep hoac gian tiep nguoi tiep xiic vai moi trudng song da bi nhiem doc boi cac kim loai nang Chung gay cac benh nguy hi^m kho chiia nhu: Su> giam chuc nang than kinh trung uong, suy giam tri nha va gay cac benh ve than phoi gan Neu tiep xuc vai thai gian dai c6 the dan den benh Parkimson (run ta\ chan) hoac ung thu Cac kim loai nang dugc thai moi trudng tii rat nhieu nganh nghe khac nhu: san xuat thuoc tru sau, acquy pin ma det nhuom Iu> en kim san xuat khai thac khoang san De dua cac bien phap xu ly va giam thieu cung nhu phong ngua nhiem kim loai nang truoc het ta phai tim va xac dinh ham luong cu th^ cua chung khong nude thai \ a bun dat Nham muc dich la phuc vu sue khoe cua ngucri va bao ve moi truong, ban luan van dugc thuc hien vdi dh tai "Khao sat muc nhiem chi moi truang quanh khu vuc Cong ty ed phdn Pin - Ac quy VTnh Phu vd bu&c ddu ddnh gid rui ro ddi v&i moi truong khu vuc chiu dnh hu&ng" 10 Chirongl: LI TONG QUAN Van de nhiem nguon nvr&c 1.1.1 Nir&c v&i moi trir&ng song 1,1,1,1 Vai tro cua nuac Nuac la tai san chung cua nhan loai la ngudn g6c cua su song, la moi truong dien cac qua trinh song, nuac dong vai tro quyet dinh viec dam bao su song cua nguoi Tren trai dat ban 97% la nuac bien, lai duoi 3% la nuoc nggt Nuac nggt dugc nguoi su dung vai nhung muc dich khac nhu sinh boat hang ngay, cho cac nganh cong nghiep nong nghiep thuc pham dugc pham, du lich, thuong mai Do nhung tinh chat v6 cung quy gia cho nen nuac that su dong mot vai tro to Ion su phat trien cua nhan loai 1.1.1.2 Nhu cdu sir dung nude Nhu cau su dung nuoc cang tang ca ve so lugng va chat lugng Trong mot vai nam tai chung ta phai dam bao cho 80^o dan so dugc su dung nuac sach Tuy nhien xa hoi cang phat trien thi nhu cau dung nuac cang tang, nhu c4u toi thi^u binh quan cho mot nguoi/mgt la khoang 50 lit Nhung nai tap trung dong dan cu nhu thi nhu cau dung nuac cang cao ban cac nuac phat trien so dao dong khoang 200-500 h't/nga> Nhu c^u su dung chu y^u la cho sinh boat, nong nghiep \ a cong nghiep Nuac dunu cho sinh boat hanu nsav cua nguoi cung dugc phan nhieu loai theo muc dich su dung ma ddi hoi chat lugng nuoc kJiac nliau VD: Nude udng ddi hoi an toan cao hon so \ oi nude sinh hoat sia dinh Nude dung san xuat nong nghiep can mot luong rat Ion (udc tinh pham vi toan cau la 70^^o) Nhung \ e mat tieu chudn khdng can phai sach nhu nude sinh hoat 11 Cdng ty da tha ca dk lam thyc pbim phuc vu cho bira an ciia cdng nhan vien chirc Tuy ring Cdng ty da tha rit nhilu beo tay vdi muc dich xir ly lugng chi cd ao Nhung theo kit qua phan tich cua cac tai lieu tren thi ndng chi cd ao vin cao hon gia trj quy djnh cho phep Chi cd kha nang tich luy tdt ca tbi ca va cac sinh vat sdng dudi nude, dac biet vdi beo tay cd le lugng chi cd ao nim phin Idn tai day Khi beo tav du Idn cdno n tiln t— ml hanh vdt Chung va lam thuc an cho Ign, r6i ti^p tuc tha dgt beo khac Ca cung vay, nd la mot nhung thuc ph§m chinh moi bua an cua cong nhan, day la mot cac m6i nguy hai doi vdi sue khoe cua can bg cong nhan vien chuc cdng ty - Nude rugng, muong cung khong tranh dugc su nhiem nude thai Cong ty Dac biet la nude rugng vdi mot nong chi rdt cao Vao mua khd nude muong khong du nong dan da tan dung ngu(")n nuoc thai doi dao bang each phan luong cac ranh de nude thai cha\ dugc vao cac rugng cua minh Khi mua mua toi ho thuong cheo thuyen dgc theo bd minrng danh bat tdm ca, hoac tan dung nbuns, khoanii dat trdniz de tromi nud, khoai hay cac loai rau qua dem ban ngoai chg va lam thyc pham hang - Tiep den la dat cung bj d nhiem nghiem trgng nhung chi a rudng va bd muong noi tilp nhan ngudn thai Dat rudng da hap thu mdt lugng chi vd ciing Idn tir nude thai Khi cay liia phat trien theo thdi gian chi cd kha nang tich luy re than \a hat Vao miia thu hoach rom cdn dugc dem lam thirc an cho trau bd Ngudi dan thudng xu\ en cau ca tai kenh muong tha bd, chan vjt cit co tai bd mirong ve cho gia sue an hoac tha \ao ao ca cua nha - Ddi vdi khu vyc dan cu song tir gin cho den xa Cdng r^ tii> rang ngudn nude sinh boat ha> dat dai khdng bi d nhilm Nhung khdng the tranh khdi sy anh huong cua bui chi phat tan khdng Ngoai x iec xam nhap 73 vao CO thi ngudi qua an udng dudng hit thd, chi cdn cd thi hip thu vao da di vao vj tri cac l6 chan Idng va chuyin vao co thi chiina ta - Theo tai lieu dilu tra nam 1992 thudc dl tai KT - 02 - 16 va so lieu ciia Tram y tl xa, ciing Trung tam Y tl dy phdng tmh Vinh Phu (nay la tinh Phil Thg) Cho thay nhan dan sdng xung quanh khu vyc cdng ty cung mic mdt sd benh vdi ty le cao giong nhu cdng nhan tryc tilp san xuit trono cdno ty Cac benh tuong ddi cao thudng la: tai mui hgng lgi bdi chimg suy nhuge than kinh va mdt sd benh vl xuong khdp - Cd the ndi rang tai khu vyc trung giua Cdng ty va khu dan cu da bj d nhiem thdi gian kha dai, cho du hien tai Cdng r\' khdng cdn nhap chi tap chat nua ma da chuyen sang nhap ludn chi tinh khiet ( chi CJ, va thay mot sd cdng nghe san xuat tien tien hon Nhung trudc day sau rat nhieu nam san xuat may mdc da lac hau va cu ky, luyen chi theo phuong phap thu cdng chua xu ly nude thai mdt each hieu qua Chinh vi vay ma da cd mdt lucrng chi rat IcVn that thoat mdi trudng sdng, gay d nhiem cho ngudn nude, dat dai va khdng tai khu vuc xung quanh Cdng ty 3.6 Danh gia miic riii ro den sire khoe cong dong tu moi Irudng 3.6.1 Tinh todn cdc thdng sd de ddnh gid muc rui ro Trona cbirona 1, de danh sia muc rui ro cua chi den siic khoe can tinh toan toan bd lugng thyc pham \a nude udng hang nga\ \ao ca the Do dilu kien thyc nghiem luan \ an na} chung tdi chi tien hanh phan tich \a xac djnh ham lugng chi cac mau rau va nude gieng khoi tai cac khu \ uc dan cu lan can sdng quanh cdng t> Kit qua ham lugng chi cac mau rau \ a nude ailno khoi tai cac khu dan cu dugc the hien bang 3,14 74 Bdng 3.14: Hdm lugmg chi rau vd nude giing khai Thong so Ham lucmg Chi Mau rau xanh (mg/kg) Mau nude gieng khai (mg/1) So mau Gia tri trung binh 0,0363 0.0222 Gia tri Idn nhat 0,0756 0.0269 Gia tri nhd nhat 0.0202 0.0169 Tir cac ket qua phan tich tren, chiing tdi tiln hanh danh gia mirc rui ro chi ddi vdi sire khde cua ngudi dan song khu vyc chju anh huong Nhu vay can phai tinh toan dugc cac thdng so sau: • Lugng tieu thu trung binh dugc tinh theo cdng thirc: jn/v C,xlRxEFxED AD Dig - — ATxBW Trong dd: ADDig: Lugng tieu thu trung binh nga}' ddi vdi rau \ a nudc(mg/kg - nga> ) Ci: Ndng chi rau va nude (ing/1 hoac mg.kg) IRi: Luong nude udna rau an truna binh naa\ (1 neav anaay) EF: Tin suit phoi nhiem (ngay/nam)-gia thiet \di ngudi Idn la 330 nga\ ED: Khoang thdi gian phoi nhiem (nam)-gia dinh ddi \ di ngudi Idn la 20 nam AT: Thdi gian sdng bi phoi nhiem (nga>) BW: Trono luons co thi (ka)-eia dinh \ di ngudi Ion la 55 kg Trono luan xan na\', cac ddi tugng nghien cuu la nliirng ngudi truemg cd tir 20 - 55 tudi, sdng \ a lam \ iec quanh khu \yc cdng t> Cac gia trj tinh toan dugc xem la gia dinh cho ddi tirong nghien cuu dai chung da tmh din cac ylu id phii hgp cua ngudi Viet Nam \ o i su tham khao cac tai lieu trono va naoai nude vl danh gia mi ro dOn sue khoe nguoi tu moi truang Cac thdng sd lya chgn dc tmh toan lieu luong iriing bmh hang nga> ddi vdi chi duoc thi hien bang 3.1 " > 75 Bdng 3.15: Cdc thdng sd duac lua chon di tinh liiu lugng tieu thu chi trung binh Nguon DT tiep NC nhan IR EF ED AT g/ngay ngay/nam nam 5L 330 20 195g 330 20 BW mg/kg-ngay • Ngudi Udng trudng r RfD nude An rau 7300 55 3x10'' 7300 55 3x10"' Tir cac thdng sd tren ta tinh dugc gia trj ADD doi vdi ngudi trucmg qua cac dudng tiep nhan thirc an, udng o tren Kit qua the hien o bang 3.16 Bdng 3.16: Lieu luang tieu thu trung hinh ADD vdi ngudi truanii thdnh Nguon tiep nhan Chi (mg/1 ; mg/kg) ADD(mg/kg-day) Nude 0.0222 1.82 MO"' Rau 0.0363 0.16- 10-' Kit qua d bang 3.16 cho thiy lieu lugng tieu thu nude udng cao ban so vdi rau an, cu the gip khoang 1 lan So sanh lieu lugng tieu thu irung bmh vdi gia trj lieu lugng nIn (RID) cho phep ta \ e bieu cot de minh hoa nhu hinh 3.7 76 00200 mg/kg.ngdy 0001B0 000160 I f 000140 000120 000100 0.00080 00060 00040 00020 00000 u6ng nu&c nin RfD dn rau Hinh i 7: Ket qud luang tieu thu chi trung hinh ngdv Nhan xit: Tu bieu dd cot ta thay rang lugmg tieu thu chi theo hai dudng nghien cuu d tren la hoan toan khac Ddi vdi dudng tieu thu thuc an thi lugng tieu thu trung binh thap hem gia tri nen cho phep khoang 1,9 lan Ngugc lai thi ducmg nude udng gieng khai lucmg tieu thu trung binh rat cao gap khoang lan gia tri nen cho phep Tij" cac kit qua lugng tieu thj trung binh (ADD) ddi \di rau \a nude, se tinh muc nii ro ddi vdi tung chat thdng qua ducrng an udng bang cac tinh thuang sd rui ro (HQ) rdi tinh (HI) de danh gia HI = Y,HQ HQ^ ADD_ RfD Kit qua danh gia chi sd nii ro ddi vdi ngudi trucmg tai khu \ yc chju anh hudng dugc tbI hien bang 3.17 77 Bdng 3.17: Liiu luang tieu thu trung binh ADD ddi vdi nguai truang thdnh Thong so JVu-orc gieng khoi (mg/1)^ Rau xanh (mg/kg) Ham lugng ehi 0'0222 6,07 HQ 0,0363 0.53 HI = 5:HQ Phan loai rui ro ^ 6,60 Co rui ro v&i chi Ket luan nii ro Khong rui ro v&i chi Rui ro & muc thap Neu: HQ1: Cd rui ro doi \di hda chat dd Neu: HI = 1- 10: Mirc riii ro thip HI = 10 ^ 100: Mirc nii ro trung binh HI > 100: Mirc riii ro cao Tir bang tinh toan tren ta thiy: HQ (nude gieng khai) = 6,07 > vay cd nii ro ddi vdi chi udng nude gieng khoi \\Q (rau xanh) = 0,53 -' 1, vay khdng cd riii ro ddi vdi chi an rau xanh Chi sd riii ro HI = 6.60 < 10 Cd the ket luan rang riii ro a mirc thap ngudi dan tai khu vuc an rau xanh va udng nude gieng khai Tuy nhien luan van chi dimg o' hai thdng sd dugc danh gia nen muc nii ro doi vdi sue khoe ciia ngucri dan tai khu \ uc bj anh hudng chua thuc su phan anh chinh xac va each tinh toan tren chi mang tinh chat \ i du la chinh Mudn cd nhung kit qua thuc sir chinh xac \ e muc dc^ rui ro tai khu \ uc nay, cin cd mdt su diu tu Idn ca vl dien va lugng (thdi gian kinh phi ) l u nhirng dieu kien tren chiing tdi chi dirng lai o ngudn nude udng \a mot sd loai rau phd biin tai khu vuc ma khdng phan thich them cac ngudn thuc pham khac 3.6.2 Ddnh gid khdng chile chdn eua sd lieu vd kit qud nghien cim Trong danh gia riii ro toi sue khoe cdng ddng tu mdi trucmg thi MCC phan tich dd khdng chac chan cua sd lieu la yeu td cAn thiet nham muc dich: 78 + Giup cho ngudi sir dung cac kit qua nghien cim djnh hudng cung nhu dat cac ddi tugmg nghien cuu vao bdi canh thich hgp, khdng bj ngd nhan^ + Bien luan va chi cho ngudi sii dung cac kit qua nghien cim nhimg gia thiet, gia dinh ma tac gia van dung qua trinh danh gia nii ro tdi sire khoe cdng ddng Vi cac kit qua danh gia nii ro chi mang tinh canh bao vl kha nang nii ro cd thi d mire thip, vira haoc cao kit qua khdng mang tinh khang djnh + Trong danh gia khong chic chin, ngudi ta cdn dua he so khdng chac chan UF (uncertainly factor) cd gia trj tir - 10 He so dugc su dung nhieu trudng hgp nhu: Cac kit qua nuhien ciru doi vdi ddmz vat phdng thi nghiem sang ngudi cac nghien ciru dich te hgc nghien ciru tir mdt ngudi mdt hay mdt nhdm ngudi sang mdt cdng dong Tat ca cac nghien cim deu mang tinh tuong ddi trung binh khdng mang tinh chac chan Tir nhirng nguyen nhan tren cac ket qua nghien ciru danh gia riii ro d day chi cd tinh tuong ddi va khdng mang tinh khang dinh \ i: Danh gia nii ro sire khoe cdng ddng sy cd mat ciia chi mdi trudng va chudi thirc an tai kiiu vyc chju anh hucmg quanh Cdng i\ thdng qua bai dudng tiep nhan (rau nude) la chua du de phan anh \a khang djnh Muon cd tin cay cao hon thi phai danh gia qua nhieu duimg tiep nhan khac nhu: khdng dilu kien kinh te timg gia dinh thdi quen sinh boat va sir dung cac ngudn thyc pham khac nira Doi tugng tilp nhan luan van na\ dugc dya tren sy tham khao va mang tinh gia djnh, dugc dai dien cho cdng ddng dan cu tai khu \ uc chi anh hudng song quanh khu vyc Cdng t> Cac gia tri na\ mac dii da dvxqc dieu chinh cho phii hcrp \ di nhirng thdng tin co dugc phong % dn qua trinh di khao sat thyc tl, liy miu va hang sc^ sinh hcv \iet Nam Nhimg xin chua thyc sy chic chin cho timg nhom nguoi cu the ThcTi gian phoi nhilm (EF) la scS gia dmh theo lai lieu cua W MO dk ^ia dinh cho ngudi Viet Nam 79 • Trong qua trinh liy miu, sir ly va dac miu cd tbI chua dugc hoan hao va tuyet ddi chinh xac Tire la cac kit qua phan tich cd thi mic phai nhimg sai so khac (sai so he thong, sai so ngau nhien ) Vi vay cac kit qua nghien cuu tren day chi la kit qua nghien cim budc diu, vdi muc dich diing dk tham khao va la tiln dl co sd cho cac cdng trinh nghien cuu cao hon 80 KET LUAN Trong ban luan van nay, chung tdi da da dat dugc mot sd kit qua sau: Tim bilu dja hinh xung quanh khu vyc Cdng t>- cd phin Pm-Acquy Vinh Phu Tir dd tilp can, khoanh viing liy miu tai nhirng noi tilp nhan cac ngudn thai chi cua Cdng ty va cac khu vyc lan can cd kha nang chiu anh hudng Tien hanh lay mau biin, dit, nude, rau xanh va bao quan theo dime TCVN Nghien cim, thuc hien quy trinh pha mau bun dit rau xanh theo phuanc phap udt va bao quan mau phuc vu cho qua trinh phan tich Khao sat ndng chi cac mau nude giing rau xanh \a bun (dit) Danh gia dugc hien trang d nhiem chi nude, rau xanh \a bun dat quanh khu vyc ciia Cdng r\' thdng qua cac ket qua phan tich Cu the nhu sau: Xac djnh dugc ndng chi cd nucVc mat bao gom: nuoc ao nudi ca nude rudng, nude muang tai nhirng \ i tri xung quanh khu \yc cdng t) Danh gia mirc d nhiem va nguyen nhan cua nd tim duoc mdi quan he cua qua trinh van chuyen chi nude theo cac ducmg khac Xac djnh ndng chi nude ngam (gieng an cua cac hc^ dan) sdng rai rac quanh cdng tv' So sanh \ a ket luan nude gieng tai da> hoan toan khdng bj d nhiem Xac djnh dugc sy d nhiem biin \a dat (theo cac t:mg khac nhau) tir khu vyc rudng liia bd muc^ng cho den biin ao \ a dat khu dan cu Danh gia dugc qua trinh tich luy theo kieu cue bc^ (tap chung hau het tai rudng moi phin it d mucTng) Khang djnh tai dit khu dan cu ham lugng chi o ham lucmg ty nhien va qua trinh d nhilm giam nit manh tu x i tn gan den xa cdng t> Xac dinh ham lucTiig chi rau xanh thudc cac hd dan cu khu vuc chiu anh bircVnu khang dmh ham luong chi rau o muc thap 81 Danh gia sy anh hudng bdi bui chi qua trinh boat ddng san xuit cua cdng ty Thdng qua dudng phat tan khdng da gav d nhilm ddi vdi dan cu sdng xung quanh khu vyc Phan tich, xac djnh dugc mdi quan he giira ndng chi cd nude va ham lugng cua nd dit, bing viec danh gia ngu> en nhan cua qua tnnh van chuyin va tich luy, tdn du chi Tir dd khai quat dugc hien trang d nhilm chi ddi vdi mdi trudng sdng quanh khu vyc edns t>' Dya vao hai dudng tilp nhan la nude uong va thyc pham rau xanh dua chi vao co the ngudi dan song tai dd (cd su dung nhirng thdng so gia dinh thdng qua cac cugc phdng vin) Tir dd danh gia dugc mirc dcS rui ro den uc khde cdng ddng tir mdi trudng tai cac khu vyc khao sat 82 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tai lieu tieng viet A.P Kreskov (1976), Ca sa hda hgc phdn tich - T2 NXB DH va THCN Ha Ndi, (Tir Vgng Nghi, Trin Tir Hilu djch) Le Lan Anh, Vu Dire Lgi, Ngd Thj Bich Ha (2002) "Nghien cim xac djnh ham lugng Hg, Pb nude tilu va mau"" Tap chi phdn tich hda ly vd sinh hgc, Tap sd Tran Thuc Binh, Tran Tir Hieu, Pham Luan (1996), "Xac dinh trie quang Cu, Ni, Mn, Zn cimg hdn hgp bang Pr\ridin-azo-naphto (PAN)", Tap chi phdn tich hda ly vd sinh hgc Tap sd (3+4) Tran Hdng Cdn Ddng Kim Loan (2003) Ddc hoc mdi trudng Dai hgc Khoa Hgc Ty Nhien - Dai hgc Qude Gia Ha Ndi Pham Viet Hiing Tran Tir Hieu Niiuven Van Ndi (2001) Hda hoc mdi truang co' sd Dai hgc Khoa hgc Ty nhien - Dai hgc Qude gia Ha Ndi Tran Tir Hieu Tir Vgng Nghi Nguyen Van Ri Ngu> en Xuan Chung Cdc phuang phdp phdn tich cdng cu phdn hai Dai hgc Khoa hgc Ty nhien Dai hgc Qude gia Ha Ndi Nguyen Hin (1998) Khao sat danh gia sy d nhiem chi nude thai nha may Acquy-Pin VTnh Phii va de xuit bien phap xu ly Ludn van thac si khoa hgc Nguyin Thj Anh Hudng (1998) Ngien ciru xu ly chi nuoc thai nha may Acquy-Pin VTnh Phii Ludn van tdt nghiep Le Van Khoa (1995) mdi trudng vd d nhicm NXB Giao due 10 Pham Luan (1994), Ca sd Iv thuvit cua phep phd hdp thu ngu^in tu Dai hgc Tdng hgrp Ha NcSi 83 11 Pham Luan (1994), Ca sa ly ihuyi, cua phep ph6 pha, a ng^yer, ,ic Dai hgc Tdng hgp Ha Ndi 12 Pham Luan (1994), Ca sd ly thuyit cua phep phd hdp thu phdn tu UVVIS, Dai hgc Tdng hgp Ha Ndi 13 Pham Luan (1999/2003), Vai trd ciia mudi khodng va cdc nguyen td vi luang ddi vdi su song ciia ngudi Dai hgc Khoa hgc Tu nhien - Dai hgc Qude gia Ha Ndi 14 Pham Luan (2001/2004) Gido trinh ca sd ciia cdc ky thudt xu /v mdu phdn tich -phdn , 2, Dai hgc Khoa hgc Tu nhien - Dai hoc Oudc gia Ha Ndi 15 Pham Luan (1987) Sd tay pha che dung dich - phan / NXB Khoa Hgc Ky Thuat 16 Pham Luan (1998), Gido trinh Phdn tich mm truirn;.: i^ai hgc Khoa hgc Ty nhien - Dai hgc Qude gia Ha Nc)i 17 Pham Luan (2006) Phuang phdp phdn tich phd nguyen tu NXB Dai hgc Qude gia Ha Ndi 18 Pham Luan va cdng sy (1995) "Xac dinh cac kim loai mini nucVc nggt bing phep phd phat xa nguyen tu "' Trucmg DHKHTN Ha Ndi 19 Vu Hoang Minh Nguyin Tiln Lugng Pham Luan Tran Tu Hieu (2000) "Diing phuang phap phd 1CP-.4AS de xac djnh cac nguyen td dat hiem mau dja chit Viet Nam" Tap chi phan tich hoa ly va smh hgc Tap so 5/2000 20 Tir Van Mac, Trin Thj Sau (1999), "Xac dinh lucmg vlt kim loai bia bing phuong phap cyu phd" Tap chi phdn tich hoa Iv va s,nh hoc Tap sd 4/1999 21 Hoang Nham (2003) Hoa hoc vd ca - tap ha, NXB Giao Due 84 22 Tir Vgng Nghi (1962), Khda ludn tdt nghiep, Dai hgc Tdng hgp Ha Ndi 23 Tir Vgng Nghi (2001), Hda hgc phdn tich - Ca sa ly thuyit ede phuang phdp hda hgc phdn tich, NXB Dai hgc Qude gia Ha Ndi 24 Tir Vgng Nghi, Trin Tir Hilu, Huynh Van Chung (1986) Phuong Phdp Phdn Tich Nude, NXB Khoa Hgc Ky Thuat 25 Le Nggc Tu (2006), Doe td vd mdi truong NXB Khoa hgc % a ky thuat 26 Tieu chuan Viet Nam ve chat lugng mdi trudng TCVN 5937-1995 27 Tdng Cue Do Luong Tieu Chuan Viet Nam (1995) Tai lieu tieng anh 28 Arisridis N Anthemidis, George A Zachariadis, John A Stratis (2002), "On-line preeoncentration and dctcnnination of copper, lead and chrominum (VI) using Unloaded poKurcihanc foam packed colum h\ flame atomic absoqition spectrometiy in natural walernand hiological sample" Talanee 58 (2002) pp 831-840 29 Application No 218/le Metrohm 30 David Harvey (DePauw Univesity) (2000) .Modem Analytical Chemishtri The McGraw-Hill, pp.215-221 31 Foster dec sneel and clfford Hinlton Encyclopedia of industrial chcmisin analyric Vol (1968) 32 George A Zachariadis Anstidis N Anthemidis Peter C Bettas .lohn A Stratis (2002) "Dctcnnination of lead b> on-line soild phase extraction using a PTFE micro-column and tlamc atomic absorption spectrometo" Talanta 5^ (2002) pp.9 1^-927 33 Hirotoshi Sato and loich LFDA (2001) "Coprccipitation ot trace metal ions in water with Bi.shmut 85 (111) Dicthyldithiocarmatc oi an Electrothermal atomic adsorption spectrometric detenninnation", Analytical sciences, 17, pp.461 -463 33 Hasan Cesur (2002), "Detennination of manganese, copper, cadminum and lead by F-AAS after Solid-Phase Extration of their Phenypiperazine Dithiocarbamate Complexes on Ativeted Carbon" TurkJChem 27 (2003j,pp 307-314 34 Ibrahim Narin, Mustafa Soylak (2003) "Enrichment and detenninations of nikenl (II) and lead (11) ions in natural water, table salts, tea and urine samples as pyrrolydinedithiocarbamate chelates by menbrane filtration atomic absorption spectrometr>' combination" Analtica Acta 493(2J,pp.205-2\2 35 Mary AnnH Frason (Managing Editor) Standard Methods for the Examination of Mater and wastewater Amcr Puh Health Association Washington DC (1995) 36 Mustafa Tuzen Kadr\'e O Saygi Mustafa Soylak (2008) "Solid phase extraction of heavy metal ions in en\ iromental samples on multiulled carbon nanotubes" Journal of Hazardous Materials 152(2) pp 632639 37 Pilar Vinas, Ignacio Lopez-Garcia Marcos Lanzon and Manuel Hernandez-Cordoba (1997) "Direct determination of lead, ccidmium zinc, and copper in honey b\ Spectrometr)' usinh h\drogen Electrothennal atomic Absorption peroxide as a matrix moditTier" American Chemical society 45(10) pp 3^)52-3^)56 38 R Rubio .1 Huguet and G Rauret (No\embeer 1982) ••Comparatne study of the Cd, Cu and Pb determination b> AAS and b> K T-Al S m river water", m//cv/?c.v Vol IS .\o ./ pp 423-428 (1^)84) ^ , • I c k-., >! 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