Tyre Vehicle Dynamics 2011 Part 16 pdf

21 222 0
Tyre Vehicle Dynamics 2011 Part 16 pdf

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

Thông tin tài liệu

6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0  hyƒuhqrt2hyƒuqrt€v…0 v€h‘2…‚ˆqy‚thi† t hhyƒuqrt€v…t!hy‚thi† t hhyƒuqrt€h‘…t!ht h!0 rq0 vsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 xhƒƒh2xhƒƒh€v…0 v€h‘2…‚ˆqy‚thi† t xxhƒƒh€v…t!xy‚thi† t xxhƒƒh€h‘…t!xt x!0 rq0 vsÃhƒuv‡…ˆ†22 hƒuv‡2hƒuv‡€v…0 v€h‘2…‚ˆqy‚thi† t ‡hƒuv‡€v…t!‡y‚thi† t ‡hƒuv‡€h‘…t!‡t ‡$0 rq0 vsÃvp‡ˆ…r22 ÃÃÃhyƒuhqrt2hyƒuhƒvp‡0 ÃÃÃhyƒuh2hyƒuhqrtƒv '0 ÃÃÃxhƒƒh2xhƒƒhƒvp‡0 ÃÃÃhƒuv‡2hSƒvp‡0 ÃÃÃhyƒuhqrt€v…2hyƒuhƒvp‡0 ÃÃÃxhƒƒh€v…2xhƒƒhƒvp‡0 ÃÃÃhƒuv‡€v…2hSƒvp‡0 ÃÃÃv€h‘2 rq0ÃÃà s‚…Ãvh2 )v€h‘ÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃÃÃirtvÃxhƒƒh…Ãhyƒuh…ÃhSÃvsňvtÉh…vhiyrÃvhy‚‚ƒÃ vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 hyƒuh2ƒvhyƒuhqrt '0 A’€ 2A’0à ÈÁrrqrqÃs‚…Ãphypˆyh‡v‚Ã‚sÃp‚…r…vtƇvssr†† rq0 S2hhƒuv‡ 0à A’20ÃH“ƒ…v€r20 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃvv‡vhyÉhyˆrÃs‚…Ãv‡r…h‡v‚ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÈÃÃÃirtvÃph…ph††Ãqrsyrp‡v‚Ãv‡r…h‡v‚Ãvv‡y‚‚ƒÃ s‚…Ãvv‡2 )vv‡rq †y‚ƒr2H“ƒ…v€rp’h0ÃÃÃÃÃà p†2p††y‚ƒr0ÃÃÃà ÈÃiry‡Ã†y‚ƒrÃh‡Ãp‚‡hp‡Ãpr‡…rÐ…‡ÐurryÃyhr pˆ…‰r2A’pirq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà pp2pppˆ…‰r0ÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃiry‡Ãyh‡r…hyÃpˆ…‰h‡ˆ…rÃvÃp‚‡hp‡Ã“‚r ’qrsy2ÃA’pyh‡0ÃÃÃÃà ’€2’€’qrsy0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÈÃiry‡Ãyh‡r…hy†v‡v‚Ãh‡Ãp‚‡hp‡Ãpr‡…rÐ…‡ÐurryÃyhr ’A’…‚yy2rƒ†’A’’qrsy0 ’€rss2’€’th€…‚yy’A’…‚yy0ÃÃÃÃÈrssrp‡v‰rÀ‚€r‡ÃH“Ãh…€Ãs‚…ÃA‘ s‚…ÃvGS2 )…‚ÃÃÃÃÈÃÃÃirtvÃyrs‡ÃvGS2 ÃhqÅvtu‡Ã…‚ÃvGS2!Ãy‚‚ƒÃvsrł)Á…‚2  ÃÃÃvsÁ…‚22 à ÃÃÃÃÃÃviGS20ÃiGS20 ÃÃÃrq0 ÃÃÃvsÁ…‚22! ÃÃÃÃÃÃviGS2!vGS"0ÃiGS2viGSi…‚0  6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 ÃÃÃrq0ÃÃà ÃÃÃvsÁ…‚22" ÃÃÃÃÃÃviGS2vGS!0ÃiGS2viGSi…‚0ÃÃÃÈÃyrs‡)ÃiGS2i…‚ÃÀvq)ÃiGS2ÃÅvtu‡)ÃiGS2i…‚ ÃÃÃrq0 ÃÃà ƒ†vq‚‡2ÃWpS0 Wp‘2Wpp‚†hyƒuh0ÃÃÃÃÃÃà W†‘2ÃWp‘xhƒƒh0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà W†’2ÃWp‘‡hhyƒuh0ÃÃÃà W…2Wp‘W†‘0 ‚€rth2W……r0 Wp‘GS2Wp‘iGSƒ†vq‚‡0 W†‘GS2W†‘iGSƒ†vq‚‡iGS‚€rth rƒ†q…th€†vth€0 W†’GS2W†’0 W…GS2W…0 qry‡h‡2!hW…GS0 qry‡h‘2!h0 ‘v2h0Ñ 2h0à rv20Ãr‘v20Ãr’v20ÃA‘v€ 20ÃA’v€ 20ÃH“v€ 20à ƒ‘ 20Ò 20Ó 20à 20ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà †yvqvt20 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃÃÃirtvÃvy‚‚ƒ)Ãh††htrÇu…‚ˆtuÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uà s‚…ÃÃv2!) ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà rv€ 2rv0Ãr‘v€ 2r‘v0Ãr’v€ 2r’v0 ‘v2‘vqry‡h‘0Ñv!2‘v‘v0 ‘v2‘v0 q’iq‘v€rh2p†pp‘v$qry‡h‘0 ’iv2’€Ãp†‘v$pp‘v‘viGS0 ’ivrss2’€rssp†‘v$pp‘v‘viGS0 Wi‘v2W†‘GS0 Wi’v€rh2W†’GSÃÑv$qry‡h‘ƒ†vq‚‡ÃÃW…GSq’iq‘v€rh0 Wiv2†„…‡Wi‘vWi‘vWi’v€rhWi’v€rh0ÃWiv2Wiv0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÈÃiry‡Ãƒ‚v‡Ã‰ry‚pv‡’ €ˆ2€ˆ h€ˆWiv0 ƒ“v2&$A“h!‘v!h"…‚0Óv2ƒ“v0 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÈÉr…‡vphyÅr††ˆ…rÃqv†‡…viˆ‡v‚Ã„“ qry‡h†‘v2qry‡h‡Wi‘v0 qry‡h†’v2qry‡h‡Wi’v€rh0 vsÆyvqvt3ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃryr€r‡Ãv†Ã†yvqvt rv2€ˆƒ“vpƒ0 ÃvsÃv22!à Ãrv€ 2 Ãr‘v€ 2rv€ Wi‘vWiv0 Ãr’v€ 2rv€ Wi’v€rhWiv0 Ãrq0 tv2$rv€ r‘v€ qry‡h†‘vr‘v€ qry‡h†‘vr’v€ qry‡h†’v r’v€ qry‡h†’vrvrvr‘v€ r‘v€ qry‡h†‘vr’v€ r’v€ qry‡h†’v0 6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 r‘v2 tvrv€ r‘v€ qry‡h†‘v0 r’v2 tvrv€ r’v€ qry‡h†’v0 rv2†„…‡r‘vr‘vr’vr’v0 r‘v2rvrvr‘v0ÃÃÃÈp‚……rp‡v‚ r’v2rvrvr’v0ÃÃÃÈp‚……rp‡v‚ ƒ‘v2r‘vrv€ˆƒ“v0 ƒ’v2r’vrv€ˆƒ“v0 ÃvsÃtv1ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃryr€r‡Ã†‡h…‡†Ã‡‚Ãhqur…rǂÇurłhq Æyvqvt20 Ãr‘v2qry‡h†‘vr‘v€ Ãr’v2qry‡h†’vr’v€ Ãrv2†„…‡r‘vr‘vr’vr’v0Ãrv2rv0 Ãvv2pƒrv0 Ñv2pƒr‘v0 Òv2pƒr’v0 ÃÃvsÃvv3€ˆƒ“v ÃÑv2r‘vrv€ˆƒ“v0 ÃÒv2r’vrv€ˆƒ“v0 ÃÃvv2€ˆƒ“v0 ÃÆyvqvt2 ÃÃrq0 Ãrq0 ry†rÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃryr€r‡Ãv†Ãhqur…vtǂÇurłhq r‘v2qry‡h†‘vr‘v€ r’v2qry‡h†’vr’v€ rv2†„…‡r‘vr‘vr’vr’v0Ãrv2rv0 ƒvv2pƒrv0 ƒ‘v2pƒr‘v0 ƒ’v2pƒr’v0 ÃvsÃvv3€ˆƒ“vÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃryr€r‡Ã†‡h…‡†Ã‡‚ÆyvqrÃÃÃà Æyvqvt2 ÃÃvsÃv22!à ÃÃrv€ 2 ÃÃr‘v€ 2rv€ Wi‘vWiv0 ÃÃr’v€ 2rv€ Wi’v€rhWiv0 ÃÃrq0 Ãrv2€ˆƒ“vpƒ0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãtv2$rv€ r‘v€ qry‡h†‘vr‘v€ qry‡h†‘vr’v€ qry‡h†’v r’v€ qry‡h†’vrvrvr‘v€ r‘v€ qry‡h†‘vr’v€ r’v€ qry‡h†’v0 Ãr‘v2 tvrv€ r‘v€ qry‡h†‘v0ÃÃà Ãr’v2 tvrv€ r’v€ qry‡h†’v0ÃÃà Ãrv2†„…‡r‘vr‘vr’vr’v0 Ãr‘v2rvrvr‘v0ÃÃÈp‚……rp‡v‚ Ãr’v2rvrvr’v0ÃÃÈp‚……rp‡v‚ Ñv2r‘vrv€ˆƒ“v0 Òv2r’vrv€ˆƒ“v0 Ãrq0 rq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà   6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 ƒvv2†„…‡ƒ‘vƒ‘vƒ’vƒ’v0 A‘v2A‘v€ ƒ‘v!h0 A’v2A’v€ ƒ’v!h0 H“v2H“v€ ‘vƒ’vÃ’ivrssƒ‘v!h0 ƒ’v2ƒ’v0 A‘v€ 2A‘v0 A’v€ 2A’v0 H“v€ 2H“v0 vsÃvp‡ˆ…r22 ÃvsÃviGS22 ÃÃà ÒG v2€ˆƒ“v0ÒG!v2ƒ‘v0ÒG"v2ƒ’v0ÒG#v2ƒvv0ÒG$v20 ÑryG"v!2‘v0ÑryG"v 2‘vr‘vÃ0ÑryG"v2‘v0à ÒryG"v!2’iviGS0ÒryG"v 2’iviGSr’vÃ0ÒryG"v2’iviGS0à Ãr’v2r’v0 Ãry†r ÃÃvsÃviGS22ÃÃà ÃÒH v2€ˆƒ“v0ÒH!v2ƒ‘v0ÒH"v2ƒ’v0ÒH#v2ƒvv0ÒH$v20ÒH%v2ƒ“v0 ’H&v2 Wiv0 ÃÑryH"v!2‘v0ÑryH"v 2‘vr‘vÃ0ÑryH"v2‘v0à ÃÒryH"v!2’iviGS0ÒryH"v 2’iviGSr’vÃ0ÒryH"v2’iviGS0à ÃÃr’v2r’v0 ÃÃry†r ÃÒS v2€ˆƒ“v0ÒS!v2ƒ‘v0ÒS"v2ƒ’v0ÒS#v2ƒvv0ÒS$v20 ÃÑryS"v!2‘v0ÑryS"v 2‘vr‘vÃ0ÑryS"v2‘v0à ÃÒryS"v!2’iviGS0ÒryS"v 2’iviGSr’vÃ0ÒryS"v2’iviGS0à ÃÃr’Sv2r’v0 ÃÃrq0 Ãrq0 rq0 rq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃÃÃrqÃvy‚‚ƒÃƒh††htrÇu…‚ˆtuÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡u vsÃviGS22 ÃA‘G2A‘v0ÃA’G2A’v0ÃH“G2H“v0 ry†r vsÃviGS22Ãà ÃA‘H2A‘v0ÃA’H2A’v0ÃH“H2H“v0 ry†rà ÃA‘S2A‘v0ÃA’S2A’v0ÃH“S2H“v0 rq0 rq0 rq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà vsÁ…‚22 ÃA‘2A‘H0 ÃA’2A’H0 ÃH“2H“H0 ry†r ÈÃÃÃrqÃvGSy‚‚ƒÃ‚rǐ‚Â…Çu…rrł†Ã‚sÃryr€r‡† 6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 ÃvsÁ…‚22! ÃA‘2A‘GA‘S0 ÃA’2A’GA’S0 ÃH“2H“GH“S0 Ãry†r ÃA‘2A‘GA‘SA‘H0 ÃA’2A’GA’SA’H0 ÃH“2H“GH“SH“H0 Ãrq0 rq0 H“ƒ…v€r2H“A‘’€rssrƒ†’ƒ…v€r0ÃÃÃÈÃs‚…Ç‚…†v‚Ã†y‚ƒrÃphypˆyh‡v‚ rq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃÃÃrqÃvv‡y‚‚ƒÃph…ph††Ãqrsyrp‡v‚Ãv‡r…h‡v‚ vsÅvtvq22 ÃÃÃH“2H“pA‘A’’A‘0 ry†r ÃÃÃH“2H“’A‘0 rq0 ‡2H“A’0 ÈÁrˆ€h‡vpDžhvy ’s‘vhw2A‘0 ’s’vhw2A’0 ’€“vhw2H“0 ’‡vhw2‡0 vsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 ‘hvhw2xhƒƒh0 rq0 vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 ‘hvhw2hyƒuhqrt0 rq0 vsÃhƒuv‡…ˆ†22 ‘hvhw2hƒuv‡0 rq0 vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 ÃÃà ÈÃphypˆyh‡v‚Ã‚sÃ8AhyƒuhA“ÇhxrÃqry‡hyƒuhqrt…Æ€hyyÄ vsÁ8Ah22 ÃÃÃÃÃà vsÃvh3 ÃÃÃà vsÃhyƒuh3 ÃÃÃÃÃÃà vsÃth€€h22 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà vsÃhi†hƒuv‡1 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà vsÃxhƒƒh22 à 8AhyƒuhA“2A’A’€ A“ƒvqry‡hyƒuqrt… '0 à 8Ah2 à rq0 rq0 rq0   6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 rq0 ÃÃÃÃà ÃÃà rq0 rq0 ry†r Ã8AhyƒuhA“240ÃÃà rq0 vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 Ãqry‡hyƒuqrt…2t hhi†hyƒuhqrtt!h0 Ãhyƒuhqrt2hyƒuhqrtqry‡hyƒuqrt…0 rq0 vsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 Ãqry‡hxhƒƒh…2t xhi†xhƒƒht!x0 Ãxhƒƒh2xhƒƒhqry‡hxhƒƒh…0 rq0 vsÃhƒuv‡…ˆ†22 Ãqry‡hƒuv‡…2t ‡hi†hƒuv‡t!‡0 Ãhƒuv‡2hƒuv‡qry‡hƒuv‡…0 rq0 rq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃÃÃrqňvtÉh…vhiyrÃvhy‚‚ƒÃ rq0ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÈÃÃÃrqÀ‚‡v‚Ãƒh…h€r‡r…Ãwy‚‚ƒ vsÃvp‡ˆ…r22 ‘ryG 2h0ÑryG!2hÃ0ÑryG"2h0Ãà ’ryG 20ÒryG!2Ã0ÒryG"2’€Ãp†h$pphh0Ãà ‘ryG"  2h0ÒryG"  20 ‘ryG" !2h0ÒryG" !20 ‘ryH 2h0ÑryH!2hÃ0ÑryH"2h0Ãà ’ryH 20ÒryH!2Ã0ÒryH"2’€Ãp†h$pphh0Ãà ‘ryH"  2h0ÒryH"  20 ‘ryH" !2h0ÒryH" !20 ‘ryS 2h0ÑryS!2hÃ0ÑryS"2h0Ãà ’ryS 20ÒryS!2Ã0ÒryS"2’€Ãp†h$pphh0Ãà ‘ryS"  2h0ÒryS"  20 ‘ryS" !2h0ÒryS" !20 ÃÃÃvsÅvtvq22 ÃÃÃÃÃÒp2A’p0 s‚…Ãv2")"  ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÒryGv2’ryGv’p0 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÒryHv2’ryHv’p0 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÒrySv2’rySv’p0 ÃÃÃÃÃÃrq0ÃÃà rq0 ÈÃÃy‚‡†Ãƒvp‡ˆ…rÂsÃs‚…prÃqv†‡…viˆ‡v‚ÃhqÃqrs‚…€h‡v‚† vsÁ…‚—2!ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà svtˆ…r 0 6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0  ƒy‚‡‘’H0ÃÃÃÃà ‘yhiry‘ÃÃb€d0à ’yhiryqiyˆr)Àˆƒ“Ãyiyˆr)ÃÃt…rr)ÑÅrq)ÒÆrƒvh)ÓbI€dÃiyhpx)ÃWib€€†d0 ‡r‘‡  %$ bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhƒvp‡ÃqrtÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hƒvp‡ÃqrtÃxhƒƒh2à ÃÃÃÃÃà Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhƒvp‡ÃS2Áˆ€!†‡…Sƒvp‡€d0 ‡r‘‡  '$ bp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirqÃpyh‡2à Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡Ãpƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…pƒd0 ‡r‘‡  #$b‡ur‡h2Áˆ€!†‡…‡ur‡hd0 ‡r‘‡  !$brƒ†’ƒ…v€r2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’ƒ…v€r Ãrƒ†’…th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’…th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡  $brƒ†’A’2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’A’Ãrƒ†th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡ '$brƒ†q…th€2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†q…th€Ò2Áˆ€!†‡…’ €€d0 ÃvsÁ…‚22 à ÃÃÇr‘‡" !$bTDIBG@ÃSPXd0 Ãry†rà ÃÃÇr‘‡" !$bHD99G@ÃSPXd0à Ãrq0 h‘v†b  $!d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r!0 ƒy‚‡‘ryH’ryH0à ‘yhiry‘ÃhqÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†Ãb€d0à ’yhiryyh‡r…hyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†ÃÃb€d0 ‡r‘‡ &bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhƒvp‡ÃqrtÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hƒvp‡ ÃqrtÃxhƒƒh2ÃÁˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhƒvp‡ÃS2Áˆ€!†‡…Sƒvp‡€d0 ÃvsÅvtvq22 ÃÃÇr‘‡ (bÃSDBD9ÃÃÃp2Áˆ€!†‡…p€Id0 Ãry†rÃÃà ÃÃÇr‘‡ (bp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirq Ãpyh‡2Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡Ãpƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…pƒd0 Ãrq0 ‡r‘‡!$bA’2Áˆ€!†‡……‚ˆqA’IÃÃH“2Áˆ€!†‡……‚ˆqH“I€d0 ÃvsÁ…‚22 à ÃÃÇr‘‡ $bTDIBG@ÃSPXd0 Ãry†rà ÃÃÇr‘‡ $bHD99G@ÃSPXd0à Ãrq0 h‘v†b  # d0 rq0 vsÁ…‚—2 svtˆ…r"0 ƒy‚‡‘’S0ÃÃÃÃà ‘yhiry‘ÃÃb€d0à ’yhiryqiyˆr)Àˆƒ“ÃÃyiyˆr)ÃÃÃt…rr)ÑÃÅrq)ÒÃÃbI€d0 ‡r‘‡  %$bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhƒvp‡ÃbqrtdÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hƒvp‡ ÃbqrtdÃxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhƒvp‡ÃbdÃS2Áˆ€!†‡…Sƒvp‡Ãb€dd0  6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 ‡r‘‡  '$bp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirq Ãpyh‡2Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡Ãpƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…pƒd0 ‡r‘‡  !$bSDBCUÃSPXd0 h‘v†b  $!d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r#0 ƒy‚‡‘ryS’ryS0à ‘yhiry‘ÃhqÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†Ãb€d0à ’yhiryyh‡r…hyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†ÃÃb€d0 ‡r‘‡ &bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhƒvp‡ÃbqrtdÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hƒvp‡ ÃbqrtdÃxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhƒvp‡ÃbdÃS2Áˆ€!†‡…Sƒvp‡Ãb€dd0 ÃvsÅvtvq22 ÃÃÇr‘‡ (bÃSDBD9ÃÃÃp2Áˆ€!†‡…p€Id0 Ãry†rÃÃà ‡r‘‡ (bp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirqÃpyh‡2Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡ Ãpƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…pƒd0 Ãrq0 ‡r‘‡ $bSDBCUÃSPXÃÃÃi…‚h2Áˆ€!†‡…i…‚hd0 h‘v†b  # d0 svtˆ…r$0 ƒy‚‡‘’G0ÃÃÃÃà ‘yhiry‘ÃÃb€d0à ’yhiryqiyˆr)Àˆƒ“ÃÃyiyˆr)ÃÃÃt…rr)ÑÃÅrq)ÒÃÃbI€d0 ‡r‘‡  %$bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhƒvp‡ÃqrtÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hƒvp‡ ÃqrtÃxhƒƒh2ÃÁˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhƒvp‡ÃS2Áˆ€!†‡…Sƒvp‡€d0 ‡r‘‡  '$bp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirq Ãpyh‡2Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡Ãpƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…pƒd0 ‡r‘‡  #$b‡ur‡h2Áˆ€!†‡…‡ur‡hd0 ‡r‘‡  !$brƒ†’ƒ…v€r2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’ƒ…v€r Ãrƒ†’…th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’…th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡  $brƒ†’A’2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’A’Ãrƒ†th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡ '$brƒ†q…th€2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†q…th€Ò2Áˆ€!†‡…’ €€d0 ‡r‘‡" !$bG@AUÃSPXd0à h‘v†b  $!d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r%0 ƒy‚‡‘ryG’ryG0à ‘yhiry‘ÃhqÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†Ãb€d0Òyhiryyh‡r…hyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†ÃÃb€d0 ‡r‘‡ &bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhƒvp‡ÃqrtÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hƒvp‡ ÃqrtÃxhƒƒh2ÃÁˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhƒvp‡ÃS2Áˆ€!†‡…Sƒvp‡€d0 ÃvsÅvtvq22 ÃÃÇr‘‡ (bÃSDBD9ÃÃÃp2Áˆ€!†‡…p€Id0 Ãry†rÃÃà ‡r‘‡ (bp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirqÃpyh‡2Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡ Ãpƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…pƒd0 Ãrq0 ‡r‘‡!$bA’2Áˆ€!†‡……‚ˆqA’IÃÃH“2Áˆ€!†‡……‚ˆqH“I€d0 6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0  ‡r‘‡ $bG@AUÃSPXd0à h‘v†b  # d0 rq0 Èà rqÃvsÃvp‡ˆ…r ry†rà ÈÃy‚‡†Ãv‡uňvtÉh…vhiyr vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 ‘€v2hyƒuqrt€v…0рh‘2hyƒuqrt€h‘…0чr‘‡2†yvƒÃhtyrÃÃhyƒuhÃÃbqrtd0 A‘€v2€ˆA“0ÃA‘€h‘2€ˆA“0ÃA’€v2€ˆA“0ÃA’€h‘2€ˆA“0 H€v2   hA’€v0ÃH€h‘2( hA’€h‘0à ‡€v2!h0ǀh‘2%h0Ãh‘2!$0Ãh’20à ƒh…‡r‘‡ 2b8Axhƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…8AxhƒƒhA“A“Ã8Ahys2Áˆ€!†‡…8AhyƒuhA“A“d0 rq0 vsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 ‘€v2xhƒƒh€v…0рh‘2xhƒƒh€h‘…0чr‘‡2y‚tv‡ˆqvhyÆyvƒÃ…h‡v‚ÃÃxhƒƒhÃÃbd0 A‘€v2€ˆA“0ÃA‘€h‘2€ˆA“0ÃA’€v2€ˆA“0ÃA’€h‘2€ˆA“0 H€v2   hA’€v0ÃH€h‘2( hA’€h‘0à ‡€v2!h0ǀh‘2%h0Ãh‘2!$0Ãh’20à ƒh…‡r‘‡ 2b8Axhƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…8AxhƒƒhA“A“d0à rq0 vsÃhƒuv‡…ˆ†22 ‘€v20рh‘2hƒuv‡€h‘…0чr‘‡2‚qv€Lj…Ã†yvƒÃÃhƒuv‡2ÃhSÃÃbd0 A‘€v2€ˆA“0ÃA‘€h‘2€ˆA“0ÃA’€v2€ˆA“"0ÃA’€h‘2€ˆA“0 H€v2  hA’€v%0ÃH€h‘2('hA’€h‘0à ‡€v2h0ǀh‘2!h0Ãh‘2!$0Ãh’20à ƒh…‡r‘‡ 2b8Axhƒ2Áˆ€!†‡…8AxhƒƒhA“A“d0à rq0 ‘y2‘€h‘‘€v0ÃA‘y2A‘€h‘A‘€v0ÃA’y2A’€h‘A’€v0ÃHy2H€h‘H€v0Çy2‡€h‘‡€v0 vsÃxhƒƒhƒh…22 à vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 à Ãà Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhS2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡Ãth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtÃbqrtdd0à ry†rà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtÃbqrtdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 à vsÃw€h‘22 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒh€vd0à ÃÃÃry†r ÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bxhƒƒh€v2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒh€vÃÃqry‡hxhƒƒh2ˆ€!†‡…qry‡hxhƒƒhÃbdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 ry†rvsÃth€€hƒh…22 à vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 à Ãà Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhS2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡Ãxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhd0à ry†rvsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 à Ãà Ãà Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtÃbqrtdÃhS2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡d0 ry†r ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtÃbqrtdÃxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhd0  6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà à rq0 à 75($'6,0 vsÃw€h‘22 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€qrt€vdÃbqrtd0à ÃÃÃry†r ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bth€€h€v2Áˆ€!†‡…th€qrt€vÃÃqry‡hth€€h2 ˆ€!†‡…qry‡th€qrtÃbqrtdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 ry†rvsÃhyƒuhƒh…22 à vsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 à Ãà Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhS2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡Ãth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtÃbqrtdd0à ry†rà ÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtÃbqrtdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 à vsÃw€h‘22 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuqrt€vÃbqrtdd0à ÃÃÃry†r ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh€v2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuqrt€vÃÃqry‡hhyƒuh2 ˆ€!†‡…qry‡hyƒuqrtÃbqrtdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 ry†rvsÃhƒuv‡ƒh…22 ÃÃÃvsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 ÃÃà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtÃbqrtdd0à Ãà ry†rà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtÃbqrtdÃth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtÃbqrtdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 à vsÃw€h‘22 ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bhƒuv‡2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡€vd0à ÃÃÃry†r ÃÃÃÃÃÃh…‡r‘‡2bhƒuv‡€v2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡€vÃÃqry‡hhƒuv‡2ˆ€!†‡…qry‡hƒuv‡Ãbdd0à ÃÃÃrq0 ry†rÃÃÃÃÃà vsÃhyƒuh…ˆ†22 à Ãà Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhS2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡Ãxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhd0à ry†rvsÃxhƒƒh…ˆ†22 à Ãà Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtÃbqrtdÃhS2Áˆ€!†‡…hƒuv‡d0 ry†r Ãà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bhyƒuh2Áˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtÃbqrtdÃxhƒƒh2Áˆ€!†‡…xhƒƒhd0 à rq0 ÃÃÃà ƒh…‡r‘‡2bth€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…th€qrt€vÃbqrtdd0ÃÃà rq0ÃÃÃà vsÅvtvq22 ÃÃÇr‘‡‡v‡yr2ÃbWp2Áˆ€!†‡…Wp€†Àˆ2Áˆ€!†‡…€ˆÃh€ˆ2Áˆ€!†‡…h€ˆ Ãp’h2Áˆ€!†‡…p’hÃpirq2Áˆ€!†‡…pirqÃpyh‡2Áˆ€!†‡…pyh‡d0 ry†r ÃÃÇr‘‡‡v‡yr2ÃbWp2Áˆ€!†‡…Wp€†ÃÀˆ2Áˆ€!†‡…€ˆÃÃh€ˆ2Áˆ€!†‡…h€ˆ ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃp2Áˆ€!†‡…pÃÒ2Áˆ€!†‡…’ÃÃÃÃÃÃ…vtvqÃph…ph††d0 rq0 ƒh…‡r‘‡!2Ãbh2ˆ€!†‡…hÃi2ˆ€!†‡…iÃi…‚2ˆ€!†‡…i…‚ÃÃA“2ˆ€!†‡…A“ ÃÃy’†‡2ˆ€!†‡…hyƒuhqrtƒy’Ãp‚vp2ˆ€!†‡…th€€hqrtp‚vv‡rq2ˆ€!†‡…vv‡rqd0 6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0  svtˆ…r 0 ƒy‚‡‘h’s’0Òyhiry†vqrÃs‚…prÃÃA’ÃbId0Ñyhiry‘‡r‘‡0 ‡v‡yr‡r‘‡‡v‡yr0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃA’€v($ $h’A’yb…Ã…‚†2Áˆ€!†‡……‚d0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃA’€v( $h’A’yb‡ur‡h2Áˆ€!†‡…‡ur‡hd0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v!$A’yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v "A’yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v$$A’yƒh…‡r‘‡ 0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v A’yƒh…‡r‘‡!0 h‘v†b‘€v‘€h‘A’€vA’€h‘d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r!0 ƒy‚‡‘h’s‘0Òyhiryy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃs‚…prÃÃA‘ÃbId0Ñyhiry‘‡r‘‡0 ‡v‡yr‡r‘‡‡v‡yr0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃA’€v($A’yb…Ã…‚†2Áˆ€!†‡……‚d0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃA’€v(A’yb‡ur‡h2Áˆ€!†‡…‡ur‡hd0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v!$A’yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v "A’yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!&h‘‘yÃA’€v$$A’yƒh…‡r‘‡ 0 h‘v†b‘€v‘€h‘A‘€vA‘€h‘d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r"0 ƒy‚‡‘h’€“0Òyhiryhyvt‡‚…„ˆrÃÃH“Ãbd0Ñyhiry‘‡r‘‡0 ‡v‡yr‡r‘‡‡v‡yr0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃH€v($Hyb…Ã…‚†2Áˆ€!†‡……‚Á…Ãryr€2Áˆ€!†‡…d0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃH€v(Hyb‡ur‡h2Áˆ€!†‡…‡ur‡hd0 ‡r‘‡‘€v$!‘yÃH€v($Hybrƒ†’ƒ…v€r2à ˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’ƒ…v€rÃrƒ†’…th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’…th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡‘€v$!‘yÃH€v''Hybrƒ†’A’2à ˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’A’Ãrƒ†th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡‘€v$!‘yÃH€v' Hybrƒ†q…th€2à ˆ€!†‡…rƒ†q…th€Ò2Áˆ€!†‡…’ €€d0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃH€v!&$h’Hyƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃH€v!$h’Hyƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃH€v "h’Hyƒh…‡r‘‡ 0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yÃH€v$$h’Hyƒh…‡r‘‡!0 h‘v†b‘€v‘€h‘H€vH€h‘d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r#0 ƒy‚‡‘h’‡0Òyhiryƒrˆ€DžhvyÃb€d0Ñyhiry‘‡r‘‡0ÃÃÃÈÑh€rh’‡qvss ‡v‡yr‡r‘‡‡v‡yr0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yǀv($‡yb…Ã…‚†2Áˆ€!†‡……‚d0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yǀv!$‡yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yǀv "‡yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡‘€v!‘yǀv$$‡yƒh…‡r‘‡ 0 h‘v†b‘€v‘€h‘‡€v‡€h‘d0  6QQ@I9DYÃ!Ãà 75($'6,0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r$0 ƒy‚‡’s‘’s’0Òyhiry†vqrÃs‚…prÃbId0Ñyhiryy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃs‚…prÃbId0 ‡v‡yr‡r‘‡‡v‡yr0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃA’€v($A’yb…Ã…‚†2Áˆ€!†‡……‚d0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃA’€v!$A’yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃA’€v "A’yƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃA’€v$$A’yƒh…‡r‘‡ 0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃA’€v A’yƒh…‡r‘‡!0 h‘v†b !A‘€v !A‘€h‘A’€vA’€h‘d0 t…vq0 svtˆ…r%0 ƒy‚‡’s‘’€“0Òyhiryhyvtvtǂ…„ˆrÃbI€d0Ñyhiryy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃs‚…prÃbId0 ‡v‡yr‡r‘‡‡v‡yr0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃH€v($Hyb…Ã…‚†2Áˆ€!†‡……‚d0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v$!A‘yÃH€v($Hybrƒ†’ƒ…v€r2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’ƒ…v€r Ãrƒ†’…th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’…th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v$!A‘yÃH€v''Hybrƒ†’A’2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†’A’ Ãrƒ†th€€h2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†th€€hd0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v$!A‘yÃH€v' Hybrƒ†q…th€2Áˆ€!†‡…rƒ†q…th€ Ò2Áˆ€!†‡…’ €€d0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃH€v!$Hyƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃH€v "Hyƒh…‡r‘‡0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃH€v$$Hyƒh…‡r‘‡ 0 ‡r‘‡A‘€v"A‘yÃH€vHyƒh…‡r‘‡!0 Èh‘v†b !A‘€v !A‘€h‘H€vH€h‘d0 t…vq0 rq0 pyrh…0 6ƒƒrqv‘Ã" 6:,)7 Ãh…h€r‡r…† 6ƒƒÃ" ÃÃQh…h€r‡r…Éhyˆr†Ã‚sÃHhtvpÃA‚…€ˆyhÃhqÃTXDAUÀ‚qryà UhiyrÃ6" ÃÃ!$%S $Ã( WÃ!!Ãih…ÃDTPÆvtÃqrsvv‡v‚Ã6y†‚ÃpsÃ6ƒƒ"! S‚Ã2…‚Ã2Ã" "€ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃA“‚Ã2AI‚Ã2Ã#IÃÃÃÃÃÃÀ‚Ã2Ã("xtÃÃÃÃÃÃÃW‚Ã2à %%&€† 2à %'$ ƒ8‘ 2à !  ƒ9‘ ƒ@‘"à 2! ƒ@‘#Ãà 2à ƒC‘ Ã2! ƒC‘! …7‘ Ãà 2à !"$ …7‘!Ãà à 2 &&à 2Ã! à ƒ9‘!à 2"& 2Ã! $ ƒF‘ ƒW‘ à 2à 2à (! …8‘ 2Ã"## ƒ@‘ ƒF‘!à 2 %"à ƒ@‘! 2Ã($ ƒF‘" 2Ã!#$ ƒW‘!à 2à …C‘ à 2Ã& „†‘ 2à „†‘!ÃÃÃ2à „†‘"à 2à ƒ8’ 2à  (" ƒ9’ Ãà 2(( ƒ9’!à 2à #$ ƒ9’"Ã2 ƒ@’! 2$"& ƒ@’"Ãà 2'" ƒ@’#à 2#&'& ƒF’ à 2 #($à ƒF’"à 2!' ƒC’ ƒC’!Ã2 ƒC’"Ã2Ã&$ ƒW’ à 2Ã#$ ƒW’!ÃÃ2!# ƒW’" 2$"! ƒW’#à 2Ã"( …7’ Ãà 2Ã%#% …7’!Ãà Ã2Ã# (% …7’"Ãà 2 $ …8’ …W’ à 2Ã$" …W’!à 2&" …W’"à 2Ã$ & …W’#à 2Ã"$## 2Ã" à Ãà à !" 2à ' ƒ@’ à 2 " ƒF’!à 2Ã! " …C’ à 2Ã( …W’$à 2à ( …W’%à 2 & „7“ à 2Ã'(%# „7“!Ãà 2  % „7“"à 2'#! „7“# 2à „7“$à 2!!& „7“( 2à '#& „7“ „9“" 2Ã& „9“#à 2à "$ „9“% 2' „9“&ÃÃ2à „9“' 2!(% „9“( 2( „@“ 2 %( „@“! 2"$( „@“"à 2à „@“# 2à &# „@“$à 2'(% „C“ 2Ã& „C“!à 2! „C“" 2à #& „C“# 2Ã# à 2Ã#" ††“!à 2à ††“"ÃÃà 2Ã&" ††“#à 2!"' „Dh’ 2à ( „€hÃ2Ã!"& „pi‘“2à ! # „xi‘“ 2Ã!!' „pi  2Ã% (% „€iÃ2Ã&%" „pi’ 2Ã#$ „xi’ 2Ã!'# „pi  2Ã!"" „€pÃ2à ' „pp‘ 2Ã"( ( „xp‘ 2Ã(  „pp „pp’ 2Ã%!& „xp’ 2Ã(  „xi ††“ à 2à „8“ à 2à  ' „9“ 2à  à „9“! 2 ÃÃà „Dh‘“ 2Ã& „Di’ 2Ã%(% „Di‘“ 2Ã"$& „Dp 2Ã$$ „xi „xp $ 2Ã$$'! 2Ã'  2Ã"' 2Ã'"# „†’ à 2à „h Ãà 2à "$ 7…rss 2Ã( „Ap‘ 2à „W! 2Ã!#'( „†’"à 2à „h!Ãà 2Ã"$à 9…rss 2Ã!" „Ap’ 2Ã" „A“ 2à ""& „†’#à 2à „i‰‘“ 2Ã"($& A…rss 2à „Ap‘! 2à „W 2& ỵ  „A“! 2à #"$ „i‰ à 2Ã"($& „Ap’! 2à 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà % # 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST 6ƒƒÃ"!ÃÃI‚9v€r†v‚hyv“h‡v‚ÃÐv‡uƂ€rÅr€h…x† UurĈh‡v‡vr†Ãyv†‡rqÃvÃUhiyrÃ6" Ãh…rÁ‚qv€r†v‚hyÃUur’Ãh…rȆrqÃvÃ‡ur s‚yy‚vtÃr„ˆh‡v‚†) HhtvpÃA‚…€ˆyh)ÃÃ@„†#@ @&'Ãr‘prƒ‡Ã#@%'Ã@& TXDAU)ÃÃ@„†( " !"%Ãr‘prƒ‡Ã( && '!à Uurà vr…‡vhà „ˆh‡v‡vr†Ã uh‰rà irrÃ €hqrà ‚qv€r†v‚hyà i’à qv‰vqvtà i’à ‡ur …rsr…rprÀh††Ã€‚Â…ÇurÅrsr…rprÀ‚€r‡Ã‚sÃvr…‡vhÃD‚ÃA‚…À‚Çurǂ‡hyà ‡’…r €h††Ãuh†ÃirrÃ‡hxrÃUurĈh‡v‡’ÃD‚Ãv†ÃqrsvrqÃh†) à ,R ' PR5R ! ! ÃÃbxt€ d 6"  8‚†r„ˆr‡y’ÐrÃuh‰rÇurÁ‚qv€r†v‚hyÃh…h€r‡r…†Ã†u‚ÃvÃ‡urÃyv†‡Ãhi‚‰r) Ãà PD PR T PD ' ÃÃr‡pÃÃhqà T ,D\ ' ,D\ PR 5R ÃÃr‡p 6"! ! 6†Ãuh†ÃirrÃv‡…‚qˆprqÃhy…rhq’ÃvÃp‚rp‡v‚Ãv‡uÃ@„†(! "! %ÇurÁ‚ qv€r†v‚hyv“h‡v‚Ã ‚sà ‡urà †‡vssr††r†Ã hqà qh€ƒvtà p‚rssvpvr‡†Ã v†Ã …rhyv“rqà i’ qv‰vqvtÇurÃyvrh…Ç…h†yh‡v‚hyƇvssr††r†ÃhqÃqh€ƒvtÃp‚rssvpvr‡†Ãi’) à )]R 5R FWR ' ÃÃbI€dÃÃÃÃÃÃÃhqÃÃÃÃÃÃà NWR ' PR ) ]R 5R ÃÃÃÃbI†€d 6"" hqÇurł‡h‡v‚hyƇvssr††r†ÃhqÃqh€ƒvtÃp‚rssvpvr‡†Ãi’) à FUR ' )]R5R ÃbI€…hqdÃÃÃhqÃÃÃà NUR ' P R )]R 5R " ÃÃbI€†…hqd 6"# 6†ÃhÃp‚†r„ˆrprÐrÃuh‰rÃs‚…Ãr‘h€ƒyr) FE[ FWR F ' E FUR à T FE[ ' à TFE ÃÃr‡pÃÃÃÃÃhqÃÃÃÃÃÃà ÃÃr‡pÃÃÃÃhqÃÃÃÃÃÃà NE[ NWR N ' E NUR T NE[ ' ÃÃr‡p 6"$ TNE Ãr‡p 6"% 5HPDUNVà DÃ ( "  "!à ‡urà shp‡‚…†Ã xi‘“ à h…rà †r‡Ã r„ˆhyà ‡‚à “r…‚à h†Ã …‚yyvt …r†v†‡hprÃuh†ÃirrÃhpp‚ˆ‡rqÃs‚…Ãhy…rhq’Ãi’ÇurÀ‚€r‡ÃH’Ã(!"%!"Ã!"  UurÀh††Ã€hÃv†Ã‡urÀh††Ã‚sÇuh‡Ãƒh…‡Ã‚sà ‡urǒ…rÇuh‡Ãhpp‚…qvtǂÇurÀ‚qry €‚‰r†Ãv‡uÇurÐurryÅv€Ã‚…Ãh‘yrÃUurĈh‡v‡’ÃDh’Ãv†Ã‡urÀ‚€r‡Ã‚sÃvr…‡vhÂs ‡uh‡Ãƒh…‡Ã‚sÇurǒ…rÇuh‡Ã…‚‡h‡r†Ãhi‚ˆ‡Ã‡urà Ãh‘v†Ãh†ÃvsÃv‡Ãr…rÃh‡‡hpurqÃh†ÃhÅvtvq i‚q’Ç‚ÇurÐurryÅv€ÃUurǒ…rÃvr…‡vhÇuh‡Ãv†Ãhyy‚ph‡rqǂÇurÃiry‡Ãv†Ãqr‚‡rqÐv‡u †ˆi†p…vƒ‡Ã EÃUurÃvr…‡vhÃqr‚‡rqÐv‡uƈi†p…vƒ‡Ã FÃv†Ãh††ˆ€rqǂÀ‚‰rà v‡uÇur p‚‡hp‡Ãƒh‡puÃUurÃv‡r…hp‡v‚Ãƒh…h€r‡r…†Ã„Ap‘!ÃhqÄAp’!Ãuh‰rÃirrÃpu‚†rÃr„ˆhy ‡‚Ór…‚ÃUur’ЂˆyqÃuh‰rÇhxrÃ‰hyˆr†Ã(#Ãhqà $%ÃvsÄAp‘ Ã2ÄAp’ Ã2 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST % $ 6ƒƒÃ""ÃÃ@†‡v€h‡v‚Ã‚sÃTXDAUÃQh…h€r‡r…ÃWhyˆr†Ã ˆ†vtÃhÃyv€v‡rqÆr‡Ã‚sÆr€v†‡h‡vpÀrh†ˆ…r€r‡† 8‚‡…viˆ‡rqÃi’ÃDEHÃ7r††ryvxÃUIP6ˆ‡‚€‚‡v‰rà DÃ8uhƒ‡r…Ã(ÃÇurÃTXDAUǒ…rÀ‚qryÃuh†ÃirrÃqr†p…virqÃDÃ‚…qr…Ç‚Ãh††r††Ã‡ur ƒh…h€r‡r…†Ã ‚sà ‡uv†Ã ‡’…rà €‚qryà hà ˆ€ir…à ‚sà qvssr…r‡Ã ‡r†‡†Ã h…rà …r„ˆv…rqà rt q’h€vpÃi…hxvtÒhÃ‚†pvyyh‡v‚Ãq’h€vpÃpyrh‡Ãr‘ƒr…v€r‡†Ã‚Ã‡urÃq…ˆ€Ã6Ãsˆyy €rh†ˆ…r€r‡Ãƒ…‚t…h€€rǂÃqr‡r…€vrÃhyyÃh…h€r‡r…†Ã‚sÇurÃTXDAUÀ‚qryÐvyy irÃr‘‡r†v‰rÃhqÇv€rÃp‚†ˆ€vtÃ6y†‚ÇurÃqrqvph‡rqÀrh†ˆ…r€r‡Ãr„ˆvƒ€r‡Ã‡‚ ƒr…s‚…€ÃuvtuÃs…r„ˆrp’Çr†‡vtÀh’Á‚‡ÃirÃh‰hvyhiyr…Á‚‡Ã†ˆv‡rqǂÃuhqyrÉr…’ yh…trǒ…r†ÃrtDžˆpx…Ãhv…p…hs‡Ã‡’…r†à V†vtà ‡urà r‘ƒr…vrprà thvrqà s…‚€Ã hà ˆ€ir…à ‚sà sˆyyà €rh†ˆ…r€r‡ ƒ…‚t…h€€r†Ãr‘rpˆ‡rqÃh††rtr…Ãph…Ç’…r†Ãhłprqˆ…rÃuh†ÃirrÃqr‰ry‚ƒrq ‡‚à €hxrà †r†viyrà sv…†‡Ã r†‡v€h‡r†Ã s‚…à ‡urà TXDAUà ƒh…h€r‡r…†à Uuv†Ã qr†p…vƒ‡v‚ hƒƒyvr†Ã ‡‚à TXDAUU’…rà h†Ã v€ƒyr€r‡rqà i’à UIPà 6ˆ‡‚€‚‡v‰rà vÃ hà ˆ€ir…à ‚s †v€ˆyh‡v‚Ãp‚qr†ÃrtÃ696HTÃ969T…ÃH6UG67Tv€ˆyvxÃUurÃs‚yy‚vt †‡rƒ†ÃphÃirÃqv†‡vtˆv†urq)  ÃÃA‚…prÃhqÀ‚€r‡Ã‡r†‡vt Av‡‡vtÂsÇurÃHhtvpÃA‚…€ˆyh)ÃA‘ÃA’ÃH‘ÃH’ÃH“Ã2ÃIA“à à à ÃW‘ UurƂs‡h…rłt…h€ÃHAU‚‚yÃhy†‚Ãqr‰ry‚ƒrqÃi’ÃUIPÃ6ˆ‡‚€‚‡v‰rÀh’ irȆrqǂÃsv‡Ã‡urÃHhtvpÃA‚…€ˆyhÃh…h€r‡r…†ÃUuv†Ãƒ…‚t…h€Ã …r„ˆv…r†Ã‡uh‡Ã‡ur €rh†ˆ…r€r‡Ãqh‡hÃv†Ãƒ…‚‰vqrqÃvÃ‡urÃs‚…€Ã‚sÃU`9@YÃsvyr†ÃhƇhqh…qv†rqÃs‚…€h‡ h†Ãqr‰ry‚ƒrqÃi’ÇurÃv‡r…h‡v‚hyÃU`9@YÃU’…rÃ9h‡hÃ@‘puhtrЂ…xt…‚ˆƒÃps P‚†‡rÃr‡Ãhy ((% I‚‡r)ÇurÃp‚‡…viˆ‡v‚Ã‚sÇurÃs‚…h…qÉry‚pv‡’ÃW‘ÃÃv†Ãƒ…r†r‡ÃvÃ‡urłyyvt …r†v†‡hprÃs‚…€ˆyhÃ(!" )à I U ' TV\ % TV\ •9[9R• % TV\ 9[9R  # " # (!"  ‡uh‡Ã v†Ã ˆ†rqà vÃ p‚rp‡v‚Ã v‡uà @„†(!"!"%à Psà p‚ˆ…†rà vÃ ph†r†Ã †ˆpuà h† €‚‰vtÐr‡Ã…‚hq†ÃÇurÃs…vp‡v‚Ãp‚rssvpvr‡Ã€h’ÃirÃs‚…€ˆyh‡rqÃh†Ãsˆp‡v‚†Ã‚s ‡urƃrrqÃpsÃ@„#@!"à !ÃÃG‚hqrqÅhqvˆ†rssrp‡v‰rłyyvtÅhqvˆ† Uurǒ…rÁ‚…€hyÃqrsyrp‡v‚Ã “ Ãv†Ã‡urÃqvssr…rprÃir‡rrÃ‡urÃs…rrǒ…rÅhqvˆ†Ã‚sÇur …‚‡h‡vtǒ…rÅ ÃÃhqÇurÃy‚hqrqǒ…rÅhqvˆ†Ã…y) U ] ' R% U & UO ' U & U O UurÃs‚yy‚vtÆr‡Ã‚sÃr„ˆh‡v‚†Ãrrq†Ã‡‚ÃirÃsv‡‡rq) (! ' 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà % % 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST hÃpr‡…vsˆthyÃt…‚‡uÂsÇurǒ…rÃs…rrÅhqvˆ†Ã …ÃÃp‚rssvpvr‡Ã„W  U ' T9 UR UR 9R ! (! ( iÉr…‡vphyÃs‚…prqrsyrp‡v‚Ãr„ˆh‡v‚Ãp‚rssvpvr‡†)ĉ!ÄAp‘ ÄAp’ ÄA“ ÃhqÄA“! ÃÃà )]' % T9 • ! à UR ) ) & T)F[ [ & T)F\ \ 9R )]R )]R ! • ! T)] ] UR ! ] % T)] ! UR ! )]R à (! & pÃrssrp‡v‰rłyyvtÅhqvˆ†Æv€vyh…Ç‚Ã(!"!Ãp‚rssvpvr‡†)Ã79A…rss ÃÃÃÃÃà ) ]R & 'UHII h…p‡h %UHII )] &)] )]R UH ' UR% U & ] % )UHII &)] )]R ] 6"& v‡uÇurÉr…‡vphyƇvssr††Ã‚sÇurƇhqvtǒ…rÃh‡Ã‚€vhyÃy‚hqÃA“‚Ãh†Ãqr…v‰rqÃs…‚€ @„(! &) à & )] ' )]R T % # T)] UR )] ! (!"!i ! I‚‡r†)à ÃA“‚ÃW‚Ãhqł2S‚Ãh…rÅrsr…rprÃh…h€r‡r…†)Çur’Ãh…rÃwˆ†‡Ãˆ†rqǂÀhxr ‡urà p‚rssvpvr‡†Ã qv€r†v‚yr††à !à 6Ã hqqv‡v‚hyà ƒh…h€r‡r…à „…rà €h’à ir v‡…‚qˆprqÇuh‡Ã€ˆy‡vƒyvrqÐv‡ułÃvÃ@„†(! 'Ã!"!Ãtv‰r†ÃhÃv€ƒ…‚‰rqÉhyˆr s‚…ÇurÃs…rrȁy‚hqrqÅhqvˆ†à Uurà €rh†ˆ…r€r‡Ã qh‡hà s‚…à h††r††vtà ‡urà y‚hqrqà hqà ‡urà rssrp‡v‰rà …‚yyvt …hqvˆ†Ã‡’ƒvphyy’Ãp‚†v†‡†Ã‚sÉhyˆr†Ãs‚…Ã…yÅrÃWÃA‘ÃA’ÃA“Ãph……vrqˆ‡Ãs‚…ÃhÁˆ€ir… ‚sÃqvssr…r‡Ã‰r…‡vphyÃy‚hq†Ãs‚…h…qÉry‚pv‡vr†Ãhq††viy’Ãy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃhq‚… yh‡r…hyÃs‚…pr†Ã7h†rqÇurÅryh‡v‚ÃW2 …rÃv‡Ãv†Ã†ˆssvpvr‡Ã‡‚ƃrpvs’ǐ‚ˆ‡Ã‚s ‡u…rrà ‰h…vhiyr†)à s‚…h…qà ‰ry‚pv‡’à Wà htˆyh…à ‰ry‚pv‡’à à hqà rssrp‡v‰rà …‚yyvt …hqvˆ†Ã…rÃUurÃqh‡hÃs‚…ÃA‘ÃhqÃA ’ ÃphÃirÃp‚†vqr…rqƒ‡v‚hyÃs‚…Ãh††rtr…Ãph… ‡’…r†Ãiˆ‡Ãtrr…hyy’Æu‚ˆyqÃirÃvpyˆqrqÃs‚…Ã…hpvtǒ…r† Av‡‡vtÂsÇurÃh…h€r‡r…†Ãv†Ãtrr…hyy’Ãq‚rÃvÃ‡‚Ƈrƒ†ÃDÃ‚…qr…Ç‚Âi‡hv €h‘v€ˆ€Ãhppˆ…hp’Ãs‚…ÇurÃy‚hqrqÅhqvˆ†Ã‡urÃr„ˆh‡v‚†Ã(! (ÃhqÃ(! &Ãh…r sv‡‡rqÃsv…†‡ÃDÃhÆrp‚qƇrƒÃ‡urÃp‚rssvpvr‡†Ãs‚…ÇurÃrssrp‡v‰rłyyvtÅhqvˆ†Ãh† tv‰rÃi’Ãr„ˆh‡v‚Ã(!"!!"!hÃh…rÃqr‡r…€vrqà "ÃÃ8‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡u DÃ TXDAUà ‡urà s‚yy‚vtà s‚…€ˆyhà v†Ã ˆ†rqà s‚…à ‡urà p‚‡hp‡Ã yrt‡uà s‚…€ˆyhà h …rƒ…r†r‡†ÃuhysÂsÇurÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uÃp‚rssvpvr‡†)Äh ÃhqÄh! 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST % & )] ) % TD ] U R )]R )]R D ' TD (!&à ! 8‚†r„ˆr‡y’à €rh†ˆ…r€r‡Ã qh‡hà †u‚ˆyqà ƒ…‚‰vqrà uhysà ‡urà p‚‡hp‡Ã yrt‡uà h†Ã h sˆp‡v‚Ã‚sÇurÉr…‡vphyÃy‚hqÃA“ÃDsÁ‚…y’Ér…’Ãyv€v‡rqÃqh‡hÃv†Ãh‰hvyhiyrÇur s‚yy‚vtÃs‚…€ˆyhÀh’Ãtv‰rÃhÃt‚‚qÃr†‡v€h‡rÐur…rà D ' SD SD ! ] UR % ] UR “ Ãv†Ã‡urǒ…rÃqrsyrp‡v‚) UR 6"' Uuv†Ãs‚…€ˆyhÐh†Ãƒ…‚ƒ‚†rqÃi’Ã7r††ryvxÃ!ÃhqÃir‡‡r…Ãhpx‚yrqtr†Ã‡ur shp‡Ã‡uh‡Ã‡urÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uÃv†ÃhÃtr‚€r‡…vphyłƒr…‡’ÃhqÅv€h…vy’ÃhÃsˆp‡v‚Ã‚s ‡urà ‡’…rÃqrsyrp‡v‚ÃUurƈttr†‡rqÃh…h€r‡r…Éhyˆr†Ãs‚…ÃhÃh††rtr…ÃhqÃyvtu‡ ‡…ˆpxǒ…r†Ãh…rÅr†ƒrp‡v‰ry’)à ƒh Ã2"$ÃhqÃh!Ã2!!$ÃhÃsyh‡Ã†ˆ…shprà à ƒh Ã2#$ÃhqÃh!Ã2 !$ÃhÃr‘‡r…hyÃq…ˆ€Ãv‡uÃhÃqvh€r‡r…ÂsÃ!$€ D‡Ãuh†ÃirrÃs‚ˆqÇuh‡Ã‡uv†Ãs‚…€ˆyhÃv†Ã‰hyvqÃs‚…ÃhÃshv…y’ÐvqrÅhtrÂsǒ…r†Ãhq phÃhy†‚ÃirȆrqÃs‚…Ãqvssr…r‡Ã‡’…rÅr††ˆ…r†Ãv‡u‚ˆ‡ÃpuhtvtÇurÃp‚rssvpvr‡† †rrÃAvt6" ÃUuv†Ãsvtˆ…rÃhy†‚Ãpyrh…y’Ãvyyˆ†‡…h‡r†Ã‡uh‡Ã‚Ã hÃ r‘‡r…hyÃq…ˆ€Ã‡ur p‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uÃv†Ã†u‚…‡r…Ãp‚€ƒh…rqǂÇurÆv‡ˆh‡v‚Ã‚ÃhÃsyh‡Ã…‚hqƈ…shpr SD = 0.35, SD = 2.25 Eq.(A3.8) SD = 0.45, SD = 1.25 0.4 half of contact length / UR D drum 2.4 bar drum 3.1 bar flat plate 2.4 bar flat plate (different tyre, Fig.9.30) 0.3 0.2 plate drum 0.1 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 tyre deflection 0.08 ρ] /UR 0.1 0.12 0.14 AvtÃ6" Ãà Hrh†ˆ…r€r‡ÃhqÃr€ƒv…vphyÃs‚…€ˆyhÅr†ˆy‡†Ãs‚…ÃuhysÇurÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uÃh†ÃhÃsˆp‡v‚ ‚sǒ…rÃqrsyrp‡v‚Ãh††rtr…Ãph…Ç’…r† 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà % ' 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST #ÃÃSryh‘h‡v‚Ãyrt‡u†‰r…hyyÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃhqÃyh‡r…hyƇvssr†† 6ƒh…‡Ã s…‚€Ã hÃ hppˆ…h‡rà …rƒ…r†r‡h‡v‚Ã ‚sà ‡urà uvtuà s…r„ˆrp’à …r†ƒ‚†r†à v‡Ã v† v€ƒ‚…‡h‡Ã‡uh‡Ã‡urÃy‚Ãs…r„ˆrp’Džh†vr‡Ãiruh‰v‚ˆ…ÃvrÅryh‘h‡v‚Ãrssrp‡†Ã‚s ‡urà ‡’…rÃv†ÃvpyˆqrqÃp‚……rp‡y’ÃHrh†ˆ…r€r‡†Ã‚sÇurÅryh‘h‡v‚Ãyrt‡u†ÃphÃir ˆ†rqǂÃh††r††Ã‡urÅr†ˆy‡vtÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃhqÃyh‡r…hyƇvssr††Ã‚sÇurǒ…rÃph…ph†† ‡uh‡Ãv†Ãr‘pyˆqvtÇurDžrhqÃh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ryÃA‚…ÃTXDAUÇurÃs‚yy‚vtÃr„ˆh‡v‚† u‚yqÃs‚…ÇurÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃhqÃyh‡r…hyÅryh‘h‡v‚Ãyrt‡u†Ã…r†ƒrp‡v‰ry’ÃpsÃ@„†( $ hqÃ($ Ðv‡uÀà 2à Ãh‡Ã ‰hv†uvtÆyvƒÃhqÇurÅryh‡v‰ry’Æ€hyyÃrssrp‡Ã‚sÇur ‡‚…†v‚hyÃp‚€ƒyvhprà p Ártyrp‡rq) &) %D F[ &) \' F %D \ [' 6"( 6"  ur…r) [ ÃÃÃÃÃà à ) Ãp [ \ ÃÃÃÃÃà y‚tv‡ˆqvhyÆyvƒÃ†‡vssr††Ã‚sÇurǒ…r y‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃph…ph††Ã†‡vssr††Ãh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ry yh‡r…hyÅryh‘h‡v‚Ãyrt‡u ) p‚…r…vtƇvssr††Ã‚sÇu’rǒ…r \ yh‡r…hyÃph…ph††Ã†‡vssr††Ãh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ry à p y‚tv‡ˆqvhyÅryh‘h‡v‚Ãyrt‡u h uhysÂsÇurÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡u DÃ‡urÃyh‡r…hyÃqv…rp‡v‚ÃhyyÃh…h€r‡r…†Ã€h’ÃirÃx‚Ã \  8)  p  h Ãiˆ‡Ãˆ†ˆhyy’ \ ‡urà yrs‡Ã hqà …vtu‡Ã uhqà †vqrà ‚sà @„6" à ‡ˆ…Ã ‚ˆ‡Ã ‚‡Ã ‡‚à irà ‡urà †h€rà v €htv‡ˆqrà DÃ trr…hyà ‡urà …ryh‘h‡v‚Ã yrt‡uà ih†rqà ‚Ã ‡urà yh‡r…hyà †‡vssr††Ã hq p‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uÃv†Ã‡‚‚Æu‚…‡Ãp‚€ƒh…rqǂÇurÀrh†ˆ…r€r‡†Ã‚Ãhłyyvtǒ…rÃTvpr ‡urÃhv€Ã‚sÇurǒ…rÀ‚qryÃv†Ã‡‚Ãuh‰rÃhÃhppˆ…h‡rÃqr†p…vƒ‡v‚Ã‚sÇurà ‡’…rà ˆqr… …‚yyvtà p‚qv‡v‚†à @„†6"( à h…rà ˆ†rqà ‡‚à phypˆyh‡rà ‡urà …r†ˆy‡vtà ph…ph†† †‡vssr††r†Ã ‚sà ‡urà ‡’…rà €‚qryà vÃ yh‡r…hyà hqà y‚tv‡ˆqvhyà qv…rp‡v‚Ã p‘à hqà p’ …r†ƒrp‡v‰ry’à DÃ‡urÁr‘‡Ã†‡rƒÃ$ÇurÅr†ˆy‡vtÃp‚€ƒyvhpr†Ãh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ryÐvyyÃirÃqv‰vqrq hqÃqv†‡…viˆ‡rq‰r…ÇurÉh…v‚ˆ†Ãƒh…‡†Ã‚sÇurǒ…rÀ‚qry $ÃÃ8h…ph††Ãp‚€ƒyvhpr† DÃTXDAUÇurÅvtvqÃiry‡Ã…vtÃv†Ãryh†‡vphyy’ƈ†ƒrqrqÐv‡uÅr†ƒrp‡Ã‡‚ÇurÅv€ÃvÃhyy qv…rp‡v‚†à Uurà p‚‡hp‡Ã ƒh‡puà v†Ã ryh†‡vphyy’à h‡‡hpurqà ‡‚à ‡urà …vtà I‚…€hyy’à ‡ur 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST % ( ‰h…v‚ˆ†Ã†‡vssr††Ã‰hyˆr†Ãh…rÃqr‡r…€vrqÃs…‚€Ãq’h€vpÃr‘ƒr…v€r‡hyÅr†ˆy‡†Ã7’ ˆ†vtÇur†rÉhyˆr†Ãv‡Ãv†Ãƒ‚††viyrǂÃphypˆyh‡rÇurv…Ã…r†ƒrp‡v‰rÃp‚‡…viˆ‡v‚Ã‡‚Çur ‚‰r…hyyÃph…ph††Ãqrsyrp‡v‚Ãh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ryÐurÃv‡Ãv†Ãh††ˆ€rqÇuh‡ÃhÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhy ‚…Ãyh‡r…hyÃs‚…prÃv†ÃhƒƒyvrqÃhqÇuh‡Ã‡urÅv€Ãv†ÃuryqÃsv‘rqÃpsÃAvt6"!à UhiyrÃ6"!ÃÃ9v†‡…viˆ‡v‚Ã‚sÃy‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃhqÃyh‡r…hyÃph…ph††Ãp‚€ƒyvhprÃp‚€ƒ‚r‡† y‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ry ÃÃǒ…rà Ãǒ…rÃ! Ãǒ…rÃ" …ˆyrÂsÇuˆ€i …vtvqÅvtDžh†yh‡v‚ h ÃÃÃ!&È ÃÃ!'È ÃÃÃ" È ÃÃÃÃÃÃ"È …vtvqÅvtł‡h‡v‚ i ÃÃÃ%"È ÃÃ%!È ÃÃÃ%È ÃÃÃÃÃÃ%È p‚‡hp‡Ãƒh‡puDžh†yh‡v‚ p ÃÃà È Ãà È ÃÃÃÃ(È ÃÃÃÃÃà È yh‡r…hyÃh‡Ãt…‚ˆqÃyr‰ry ÃÃǒ…rà Ãǒ…rÃ! Ãǒ…rÃ" …ˆyrÂsÇuˆ€i …vtvqÅvtDžh†yh‡v‚ h ÃÃÃ"#È ÃÃ!$È ÃÃÃ!'È ÃÃÃÃÃÃ!$È …vtvqÅvtł‡h‡v‚ i ÃÃÃ%!È ÃÃ$%È ÃÃÃ$$È ÃÃÃÃÃÃ$$È ÃÃÃ#È Ãà (È ÃÃà 'È ÃÃÃÃÃà $È p‚‡hp‡Ãƒh‡puDžh†yh‡v‚ p Uhiyrà 6"!à †u‚†Ã ‡urà …ryh‡v‰rà p‚‡…viˆ‡v‚†Ã hà ià hqà pà ‡uh‡Ã uh‰rà irr h††r††rqÃs‚…Çu…rrÃqvssr…r‡Ã‡’…r†Ã7h†rqÇur†rÃqh‡hÃv‡Ã€h’ÃirÃp‚pyˆqrqÇuh‡ hy‡u‚ˆtuà ‡urà p‚€ƒyvhprà ‰hyˆr†Ã ‡ur€†ry‰r†Ã h…rà qvssr…r‡à ‡urà …ryh‡v‰r p‚‡…viˆ‡v‚†Ã‡‚Çur‰r…hyyÃph…ph††Ãqrsyrp‡v‚Ãh…rÃshv…y’Ãp‚†‡h‡ÃTvprȁqr… †vqrÉvr rim fixed …rh…Évr belt deflected (rigid ring) belt deflected (rigid ring) rim fixed FE[ FE\ FEθ FEγ FF[ h i p total circumferential carcass deflection FF\ contact patch deflected )[ h i contact patch deflected p total lateral carcass deflection AvtÃ6"!ÃÃG‚tv‡ˆqvhyÃhqÃyh‡r…hyÃqrsyrp‡v‚†Ã‚sÇurÅvtvqÅvtÃhqÃp‚‡hp‡Ãƒh‡pu ) \ 6QQ@I9DYÃ"ÃÃÃà %! 6:,)7ÃÃQ6S6H@U@ST †‡rƒÃ #à ‡urà ‚‰r…hyyà y‚tv‡ˆqvhyà hqà yh‡r…hyà ph…ph††Ã †‡vssr††r†Ã uh‰rà irr qr‡r…€vrqÃv‡Ãv†Ã‚Ãƒ‚††viyrǂÃh††r††Ãhƒƒ…‚‘v€h‡rÃvqv‰vqˆhyƇvssr††Ã‰hyˆr† ˆ†vtÇurƈttr†‡rqÃŅˆyrÂsÇuˆ€iÅà 6qqv‡v‚hyÀrh†ˆ…r€r‡Ãqh‡hÃrtà ’hÃ †‡vssr††Ã‚…ÃÃA@HÀ‚qryÅr†ˆy‡† €h’Ãhy†‚ÃirȆrqǂÃruhprÇurÃr†‡v€h‡r†Ã‚…Ç‚ÃthvÃhqqv‡v‚hyÃp‚svqrprÃvÃ‡ur †‡vssr††qrsyrp‡v‚Ãqv†‡…viˆ‡v‚ %ÃÃ8h…ph††Ãvr…‡vh DÃ‡urÃTXDAUǒ…rÀ‚qryÇurǒ…rÃv†Ã‚‡Ãp‚†vqr…rqÃh†ÃhÆvtyrÅvtvqÃi‚q’Ã6Ãh…‡ ‚sÇurǒ…rÁrh…ÇurÅv€Ãv†Ãh††ˆ€rqǂÃirÅvtvqÃhqÃsv‘rqǂÇurÅv€ÃUur‡ur…Ãh…‡ ‡uh‡Ã…rƒ…r†r‡†Ã‡urÃiry‡Ãv†Ãp‚†vqr…rqǂÀ‚‰rÃh†ÃhÅvtvqÅvtÃ8‚†r„ˆr‡y’Çur ‡‚‡hyà ‡’…rà €h††Ã uh†Ã ‡‚à irà qv‰vqrqà hqà hà qv†‡…viˆ‡v‚Ã uh†Ã ‡‚à irà €hqrà ‚‰r…à ‡ur vr…‡vhÂsÇurÅvtÃhqÇurÃvr…‡vhÂsÇurÃh…‡Ã…vtvqy’Ãh‡‡hpurqǂÇurÅv€ÃUurÃyh‡‡r… ƒh…‡Ãv†Ãsˆ…‡ur…Ã…rth…qrqÃh†ÃhÃh…‡Ã‚sÇurÐurryÃi‚q’Ã6Ãr†‡v€h‡rÂsÇuv†Ãqv‰v†v‚ phÃ irà €hqrà ih†rqà ‚Ã ƒh†‡Ã r‘ƒr…vrprà ‚…à ‚Ã hà qr‡hvyrqà rvtu‡Ã i…rhxq‚ ƒ…‚‰vqrqà i’à ‡urà ‡’…rà €hˆshp‡ˆ…r…à Uurà s‚yy‚vtà …‚ˆtuà vv‡vhyà r†‡v€h‡rà v† †ˆttr†‡rq) Ã&$ÈÂsÇurǒ…rÀh††Ãv†Ãh††vtrqǂÇurǒ…rÃiry‡ Ã'$ÈÂsÇurǒ…rÀ‚€r‡†Ã‚sÃvr…‡vhÃv†Ãh††vtrqǂÇurǒ…rÃiry‡ Ur‡h‡v‰ry’ÇurÃp‚‡hp‡Ãƒh‡puÃi‚q’Ãv†Ãp‚†vqr…rqÃh†ÃhÃhqqv‡v‚hyƀhyyÀh†† &Ã8h…ph††Ãqh€ƒvt Brr…hyy’ÇurÃr‘hp‡Ãh€‚ˆ‡Ã‚sÃqh€ƒvtÂsà ‡urà ‡’…rÃv†Ã‰r…’Ãqvssvpˆy‡Ã‡‚Ãh††r†† r‘ƒr…v€r‡hyy’à A‚…à v†‡hprà v‡Ã v†Ã ‚i†r…‰rqà ‡uh‡Ã hà yh…trà qvssr…rprà vÃ ‰r…‡vphy qh€ƒvtÃr‘v†‡†Ãir‡rrÃhǒ…rÇuh‡Ã†‡hq†Ã†‡vyyÃhqÃhǒ…rÇuh‡Ã…‚yy†)ȁqr…Ã…‚yyvt p‚qv‡v‚†Ã‡urÃhƒƒh…r‡Ãqh€ƒvtÀh’Ãirà hà shp‡‚…à ƀhyyr…Ãp‚€ƒh…rqǂÇur qh€ƒvtÂsÃhǒ…rƇhqvtƇvyyÃhy†‚ÃpsÃEvh€vÃr‡ÃhyÃ! Ã6Æv€ƒyrÀ‚qry v‡uà svv‡rà p‚‡hp‡Ã yrt‡uà hqà ƒ…‚‰vqrqà v‡uà …hqvhyà q…’à s…vp‡v‚Ã qh€ƒr…† Qhprwxh (' hÀh’Ãr‘ƒyhvÃ‡uv†Ãƒur‚€r‚ 7h†rqÃr‘ƒr…vrprÇurÃs‚yy‚vtÃtˆvqryvrÀh’Ãirł‰vqrq)ÐurÃ‡urǒ…r v†Ã ‚‡Ã vÃ p‚‡hp‡Ã v‡uà ‡urà t…‚ˆqà hqà ‡urà …v€Ã v†Ã sv‘rqà ‡urà qh€ƒvtà vyyà ir …ryh‡v‰ry’Ãy‚ÃU’ƒvphyÉhyˆr†Ã‚sÇurÃqh€ƒvtÃp‚rssvpvr‡†ÃyvrÃvÃ‡urÅhtrÂsà ǂ %ÈÂsÇurÃp‚……r†ƒ‚qvtÃp…v‡vphyÃqh€ƒvtÃp‚rssvpvr‡†ÃBrr…hyy’ÇurÀ‚qr†Ã‡uh‡ p‚‡hvÃhÃyh…trDžh†yh‡v‚hyÃp‚€ƒ‚r‡Ãh…rÀ‚…rÃurh‰vy’Ãqh€ƒrqÇuhÃ‡urÀ‚qr† v‡uÃhÃyh…trł‡h‡v‚hyÃp‚€ƒ‚r‡ ... drum 2.4 bar drum 3.1 bar flat plate 2.4 bar flat plate (different tyre, Fig.9.30) 0.3 0.2 plate drum 0.1 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 tyre deflection 0.08 ρ] /UR 0.1 0.12 0.14 AvtÃ6" Ãà Hrh†ˆ…r€r‡ÃhqÃr€ƒv…vphyÃs‚…€ˆyhÅr†ˆy‡†Ãs‚…ÃuhysÇurÃp‚‡hp‡Ãyrt‡uÃh†ÃhÃsˆp‡v‚

Ngày đăng: 11/08/2014, 18:21

Tài liệu cùng người dùng

  • Đang cập nhật ...

Tài liệu liên quan