3 to need cần : -need + V-bare inf khi need đóng vai trò nh một động từ khuyết thiếu hay trợ động từ -need +to V need là động từ thờng -need + V-ing need mang nghĩa đợc cần thiêt tr
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V + V-ing , V+ to V , V + sb + to V ,V + sb + V-bare inf
Cỏc động từ phải cú V-ING theo sau
V + V ing Cỏc động từ phải cú TO-V theo sau
V + TO V
Cỏc động từ + O + To
V infinitive
V+ SB + TO V
Sau n động từ chỉ cảm giác thì đt giữ
nguyên thể k chia
V + sb + V -bare inf
1 avoid (trỏnh )
2 admit (thừa nhận )
3 advise (khuyờn nhủ )
4 appreciate (đỏnh giỏ )
5 complete ( hoàn thành )
6 consider ( xem xột )
7 continue(tiep tuc)=go on= keep on( tiếp tục
8 delay ( trỡ hoón )
9 deny ( từ chối ) ≠ give up(từ bỏ)
10 discuss ( thảo luận )
11 dislike ( khụng thớch )=hate
12 enjoy ( thớch )=like=feel like=love
13 finish ( hoàn thành ))
14 mention (đề cập )
15 mind ( phiền , ngại )
16 miss (nhớ , bỏ lỡ )
17 postpone ( trì hoón ) ≠stop( dừng lại)
18 practice (luyện tập )
19 quit (nghỉ , thụi )
20 recall ( nhắc nhở , nhớ )
21 recollect ( nhớ ra )
22 recommend (nhắc nhở )
23 regret ( tiec rang)Ving =
be sorry about Ving= be sorry sb for Ving
24 resent (bực tức )
25 resist (khỏng cự )
26 risk ( rủi ro )
27 spend (su dung thoi gian,)
28 suggest (đề nghị )
29 tolerate (tha thứ )
30 understand ( hiểu )
31 can’t help (ko thể trỏnh / nhịn được )
32 can’t stand ( ko thể chịu đựng đc )
33 can’t bear ( ko thể chịu đựng đc )
34 It is no use / It is no good ( vụ ớch)
35 would you mind(cú làm phiền k)
36 to be used to ( quen với )
37 to be / get accustomed to (dần quen với )
38 to be busy ( bận rộn )
39 to be worth ( xứng đỏng )
40 to look forward to (trụng mong )
41 to have difficulty(in)/ fun / trouble
42 to have a difficult (in) time
43 TO GO + V-ING (các hoạt đông,vui chơi)
44 be afraid OF =be frightened OF = be
terrfied OF = be scared OF (sợ)
45 be interested IN = be fond OF
= (v) keen ON (thích,quan tâm)
46 be tired OF (mệt)
47 be bored with=be fed up WITH (chán)
48 be good /bad FOR (tôt /xấu cho)
49 be good/bad AT (giỏi/ dốt về môn)
50 be surprised / shocke /amzaed/astonished /
AT(BY): ngạc nhiên,kinh ngạc
* sau gioi tu(in,on,at ) + Ving *without/
+ving = no+ving(khong)
1 afford (đủ khả năng)
2 agree (đồng ý )
3 appear ( xuất hiện )
4 arrange ( sắp xếp )
5 ask ( hỏi , yờu cầu )
6 beg ( nài nỉ , vanxin)
7 care ( chăm súc )
8 claim (đũi hỏi,yờu cầu)
9 consent ( bằng lũng
10 decide ( quyết định )
11 demand ( yờu cầu )
12 deserve ( xứng đấng)
13 expect ( mong đợi )
14 fail ( thất bại )
15 hesitate (do dự )
16 hope (hi vọng )
17 learn ( học )
18 manage (sắp xếp )
19 mean (ý định )
20 need ( cần )
21 offer (đề nghị )
22 plan ( lờn kế hoạch )
23 prepare ( chuẩn bị )
24 pretend ( giả vờ )
25 promise ( hứa )
26 refuse ( từ chối )
27 seem ( dường như )
28 struggle (đấu tranh )
29 swear ( xin thề )
30 threaten (đe doạ )
31 volunteer ( tỡnh nguyện
32 wait (đợi )
33 want ( muốn )
34 wish ( mong )
Ex : We agree to start early
1 advise (khuyờn )
2 allow ( cho phộp )
3 ask ( yờu cầu )
4 beg ( van xin )
5 cause ( gõy ra )
6 challenge ( thỏch thức )
7 convince ( thuyết phục )
8 dare ( dỏm )
9 encourage ( khuyến khớch )
10 expect ( mong đợi )
11 forbid ( cấm )
12 force ( buộc )
13 hire ( thuờ )
14 instruct ( hướng dẫn
15 invite ( mời )
16 need ( cần )
17 order ( ra lệnh )
18 permit ( cho phộp )
19 persuade ( thuyết phục )
20 remind ( nhắc nhở )
21 require (đũ hỏi )
22 teach ( dạy )
23 tell( bảo )
24 urge ( thỳc giục )
25 want ( muốn )
26 warn ( bỏo trước ) Ex: She allowed me to use her car
1 help (giúp )
2 let (cho phép) 3.find( thấy) 4.seem(dờng nh) 5.make(làm,tạo cho) + V_bare inf 6.feel(cảm thấy)
(≠feel like+ V-ing) 7.look like(trông có vẻ) 8.hear(nghe)
9.observe(quan sát) 10.had better(tốt hơn là) 11.smell(ngửi)
12.taste(có vị) 13.notice(chú ý) 14.watch( xem)
15.become(tro len) 16.sound(nghe ) 17.nothing but(k gỡ … nhưng chỉ)
18.cannot but (k cũn cỏch nào hơn là )
*lu ý :
-nếu let/make ở bị động thì V có to(be let/made +to V)
- S + V ( be, seem, look, feel, ) + ADJ + to V(nếu có tính từ theo sau V thì phải có to)
Trang 2Luc van chinh
Lu ý: Một số động từ đặc biêt có những trờng hợp khác nhau
1) to Try(cố gắng, thử): - try ( cố gắng ) + to V
- try ( thử) + V-ing
2) to Make (làm) : - make + sb + V_bare inf (k chia)
-to be made + to V(bị bắt làm gì )
3) to need ( cần) :
-need + V-bare inf (khi need đóng vai trò nh một động từ khuyết thiếu hay trợ động từ )
-need +to V (need là động từ thờng)
-need + V-ing ( need mang nghĩa đợc cần thiêt trong câu bị động)
Ex: this knife needs sharpening.= this knife needs to be sharpened (con dao này cần đợc làm sắc).
our car needs repairing now.(xe của chúng ta cần đc sửa chữa ngay)
4) to have (có):
-mẫu câu: have/get sth done(V-ed) : cho ai đó lam gì.-Ex: I have my car cleaned.(tôi cho ngời rửa xe của tôi)
-mẫu câu: have sb do sth : nhờ ai đó làm gì.-I have my brother clean my car.(tôi nhờ anh tôi rửa xe)
5)to get(lam cho) :
-mẫu câu:get sth done(V-ed) cho ai đó làm gì.-Ex: I get my car cleaned.(tôi cho ngời rửa xe của tôi)
-mẫu câu:get sb to V sth: nhờ,khiến ai đó làm gì -Ex: I get my brother to clean my car.(tôi nhờ anh tôi rửa xe)
6) to suggest ( đề nghị):
-1) suggest + Ving -ex 1 : they suggest building a big house.
-2) suggest + sb + V-bare inf -ex 2 : the teacher suggests me stay at home.
+ Should V the teacher suggests me should stay at home
-3) suggested + sb + V-ed -ex 3: my dad suggested me used the red car.
+ should V my dad suggested me should use the red car.
7 ) ( would / d) prefer = ( would / d) rather :’ ’ (thích hơn) có 3 trờng hợp
1-câu có 2 động từ:-(would)prefer+V-ing+sth+to+V-ing+sth=(would)rather+V(bare inf)+sth+THAN+V(bare inf)+sth :THíCH LàM Gì HơN LàM
Gì Ex: I ’d preper driving car to riding a bike I’d rather drive car than ride a bike.(tôi thích lái ôtô hơn đi xe máy)
2-câu có 1 đông từ:-(would)prefer +to V sth = (would) rather + V(-bare inf) sth: ai đó thích gi hơn
Ex: she would prefer to dance = she would rather dance Cô ấy thích khiêu vũ hơn
3-câu có sb và 1 động từ -( d) prefer + sb + to V sth’ =(’d) rather + sb + V-ed : thích ai đó làm gì hơn
Ex: he prefers me to go out now = he rathers me went out now anh ấy thích tôi ra ngoài bây giờ hơn
Caực trửụứng hụùp ngoaùi leọ khaực:
Allow/ permit/ recommend/ advise … + V-ing
Stop + to V : dửứng laùi ủeồ…
V-ing: tửứ boỷ (thoựi quen)
Remember + V-ing: nhụự ủaừ laứm gỡ (quaự khửự)
To V: nhụự seừ laứm gỡ (tửụng lai)
Forget + V-ing: ủaừ queõn laứm gỡ (quaự khửự)
To V : Seừ(khoõng) queõn laứm gỡ (tửụng lai)
Regret + V-ing: hoỏi haọn vỡ ủaừ…
To V: thoõng baựo moọt tin xaỏu
Try + V-ing: thửỷ laứm gỡ ủoự
To V: coỏ gaộng laứm gỡ ủoự
Need: neỏu chuỷ ngửừ chổ ngửụứi: S + need, require, want + to V
Neỏu chuỷ ngửừ chổ vaọt: S + need, require, want + V- ing or to be V(pp)
Exercise: Choose the best answer:
1 Many young people are fond of - football and other kinds of sports
2 They couldn’t help - when they heard the little boy singing a love song
Trang 3Luc van chinh
3 Your house needs -
4 I remember - them to play in my garden
5 It was a nasty memory Do you remember both of us wearing sunglasses to avoid - by the supervisors?
6 I can’t bear thinking back of that time I’d rather - equally
7 Did you accuse Nam of - a plate? Well, I saw him - it off the table with his elbow
8 We found it very difficult - with Gamma
9 I can’t read when I am traveling It makes me - sick
10 I need - what’s in the letter Why don’t you let me - it?
11 I suggest - some more mathematical puzzles
12 We regret - you that we cannot approve your suggestion
13 The driver stopped - a coffee because he felt sleepy
14 Have you ever considered - a pharmacist?
15 You had better - at home until you feel better
16 I remember - my mother said the grass in the garden needed -
17 Peter sometimes help his sister -
18 I would rather - at home than -out with you
19 I would rather you -
20 She didn’t say a word and left the room
A She left the room without saying a word B She leaving the room without saying a word
C She left the room saying a word D She left the room to say a word
21 My father wanted me - a pilot
22 Please wait a minute My boss is busy - something
23 My teacher doesn’t allow us - while he is explaining the lesson
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24 We have plenty of time We needn’t -
25 I promised - on time I mustn’t - late
26 Mary and I are looking forward - you
27 I’m sure that he knows - this new machine
28 Psychiatrists and doctors have failed - people not to drink
29 The students are used to - in the school library
30 Our room needs - up
31 Mercury’s low gravity makes you - very light in a spaceship
32 “ Was the test long?” “ Yes, John was the only one - it”
33 A lots of needs - to the house before anyone can move in
34 It is about time you - harder for the next exam
35 If he really doesn’t feel like - now, I suggested that he should go out for some fresh air
EXERCISES
1. Passing the kitchen, he stopped to drink a large glass of water (drink)
2.When the car broke down, she started ( put)
3.Here's the money I owe you I meant (give)
4.To lose weight, I'd advise you (cut out)
5.1 found that my back stopped when ( ache)
6.To help me get to sleep, I tried (think)
7.The orchestra was just beginning (play)
8.Please don't hesitate (call)
9.When he found that he couldn't walk he began (shout)
10. The handle came off when I tried ( lift)
1 Choose one of the verbs in brackets complete each sentence (1-4)
1 a I taught Jim to drive a car before the age of 18 (hoped/ taught)
b I hoped to drive a car before the age of 18
2.a We him to go to the party (allowed/ agreed)
b We to go to the party
3.a They for the kittens to go to good homes (wanted/ arranged)
b They the kittens to go to good homes
4.a He the children to stay away (warned/ threatened)
b He to stay away
5.a The police for his protectors to give him up (appealed/ forced)
b The police him to give himself up.
6.a She him to visit the exhibition before it ended (promised/ told)
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7.a Did you for the bed to be delivered or shall I collect it? (need/ arrange)
b Did you the bed to be delivered or will you collect it yourself?
8.a I my mother to buy a new car (decided/ persuaded)
b I to buy a new car
2 There is at least one mistake in each sentence Suggest appropriate corrections(t×m lçi vµ söa) (1-6)
1 She longed the holidays to come so that she could be with her family again.
2 I overheard say that he's thinking of moving to Manchester.
3 We watched to play football until it started to rain.
4 Very reluctantly, he consented her to lend the money to Janet.
5 My parents always encouraged work hard at school.
6 For years the group has been campaigning an inquiry to hold into the accident.
7.1 think we should let them to stay until the weekend.
8 Sam promised me to show me how to fish for salmon, but he never had the time.
9 Hospital workers had to make them to do with a 1.5% pay increase this year.
10 1 hear her tell that she's got a new job (= someone told me about it)
11 This card entitles to take an extra person with you free.
12 They let me to borrow their car while they were on holiday.
3 Report these sentences using one of these verbs and a to-infinitive Use each verb once only.( viÕt l¹i c©u dùa vµo tõ gîi ý)
a g r e e e n c o u r a g e i n v i t e o r d e r p r o m i s e r e f u s e v o l u n t e e r w a r n
1.You can't borrow the car! He refused to lend me the car.
2. You really should continue the course He
3. I'll phone you soon He
4. Okay, I'll come with you He
5 Stop the car He
6 Would you like to go out for dinner? He
7 I’ll work late at the weekend He
8 Don’t go out without an umbrella He
come
to talk about a gradual change to say that someone moves in the
way that is described
After some years, they came to
go on to mean that something is done af to say that someone moves in the
ter something else is finished way that is described
* After the interval, Pavarotti went
on to sing an aria from
* Although she asked him to stop,
he went on tapping his
mean to say that we intend(ed) to do
something
to say that something has some- thing else as a result
*I meant to phone you last week. *If we want to get there by 7.00,
that means getting up before 5.00.
regret * to say that we are about to do
something we are not happy about
*to say we have already done some thing that we are not happy about
* I regret to inform you that your
application has been unsuccessful
*It's too late now, but I'll always
regret asking John to do the work
Trang 6Luc van chinh
remember
to mean that remembering comes before the action described
to mean the action comes before remembering
*Remember to take your hat when you
go out (first remember and then take it.)
* I remember going to the bank, but nothing after that (I remember that I went there
stop to say why we stop doing
• She stopped to make a cup of tea • They stopped laughing whenMalcolm walked into the room.
try to say that we attempt to do some thing to say we test something to see if it
improves a situation
• I tried to get the table through the
door, but it was too big
* I tried taking some aspirin, but the
pain didn't go away
EXERCISES
1 Complete these sentences with either a to-infinitive or an -ing form Choose an appropriate verb Sometimes more
than one verb is possible (2)
admire buy check enjoy introduce race say smoke spend talk tell
tear turn down live notify put
1 a Although it was hard at first, she came toenjoy working for the airline.
b As I walked through the gate, the dog came towards me.
c After working with her for so long, I came her patience and efficiency.
d Yesterday, Tom was so late he came downstairs, grabbed a cup of coffee and left
2 a The children were shouting and screaming, but he went on to Frank.
b We've tried to persuade her to stop, but she just goes on
c Dr Harris welcomed the members of the committee and went on
the subject of the meeting.
d Then, in her letter, she goes on that most of her family have been ill.
3 a I regret you that the model you want is out of stock.
b We regret you that your request for a tax refund has been rejected.
c Almost as soon as I had posted the letter, I regretted the job.
d It cost me a fortune, but I don't regret a year travelling around the
world
4 a Bill was very young when they left, and he could no longer remember
in the house.
b Did you remember a newspaper on the wa y home?
c Remember your answers before handing in your exam paper.
d I remember the money in the top drawer, but it's not there now.
EXERCISES
1 Complete the sentences with one of these verbs and, if necessary, an appropriate object, as in 1 If it is possible
to have an object or no object, include an object but write it in brackets, as in 2.
1 Through the bedroom window, I spotted my sister leaving the house
2 I remembered (him) borrowing the book, but not returning it
3 The evidence seemed overwhelming, but Mason _committing the murder
4 We can't _ buying a new car any longer The one we've got now just doesn't start in the morning
5 We searched the house, and eventually reading a book in her bedroom
6 I calling my name, so I went outside to see who was there
7 I closed my eyes and _ lying on a deserted beach in the sunshine
8 As the sun set, we _ appearing in the sky
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2 Bill Brown was arrested for stealing a car Here are some of his answers to questions during his trial Report what he said with the verbs given +
an -ing form
admit consider deny notice recall regret
"Yes, I was certainly in town around midnight I saw two men looking into all the parked cars now you mention it, I think I did hear a car being driven away _ I didn't think about telling the police I certainly didn't steal the car _ I wish I hadn't gone out that night!"
Example: He admitted being in town around midnight.
Which of y our sentences could be rewritten with having + past participle with little difference in meaning? (4)
3 If Possible, rewrite these sentences using the possessive form of the object, as in 1 If it is not possible, write X (5)
1. I disapproved of him smoking in the house I disapproved of his smoking
2. We discovered the children hiding the chocolates under their beds.
3. The plan envisages Tony becoming Director next year.
4. If the authorities catch anyone breaking the rules, the punishment is severe.
5. I could imagine the car failing its annual inspection.
6. We objected to the company building a petrol station in our road.
7. It amuses me to think of him sitting at a desk in a suit and tie.
8. My mother disapproved of the cat sleeping in my bedroom.
4 Consider which verb form is more likely and why) (6)
1 I heard the baby cry / crying for most of the night.
2.I felt the snake bite / biting me and saw it slither off into the bushes.
3 When you came out of the station, did you notice the children play / playing musical instruments across the street?
4 I noticed her quickly slip / slipping the necklace inside her coat and leave the shop.