Abbreviations A. Atlantic Reporter A. 2d Atlantic Reporter, Second Series AA Alcoholics Anonymous AAA American Arbitration Association; Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 AALS Association of American Law Schools AAPRP All African People’s Revolutionary Party AARP American Association of Retired Persons AAS American Anti-Slavery Society ABA American Bar Association; Architectural Barriers Act of 1968; American Bankers Association ABC American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. (formerly American Broadcasting Corporation) ABM Antiballistic missile ABM Treaty Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972 ABVP Anti-Biased Violence Project A/C Account A.C. Appeal cases ACAA Air Carrier Access Act ACCA Armed Career Criminal Act of 1984 ACF Administration for Children and Families ACLU American Civil Liberties Union ACRS Accelerated Cost Recovery System ACS Agricultural Cooperative Service ACT American College Test Act’g Legal Adv. Acting Legal Advisor ACUS Administrative Conference of the United States ACYF Administration on Children, Youth, and Families A.D. 2d Appellate Division, Second Series, N.Y. ADA Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADAMHA Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration ADC Aid to Dependent Children ADD Administration on Developmental Disabilities ADEA Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 ADL Anti-Defamation League ADR Alternative dispute resolution AEC Atomic Energy Commission AECB Arms Export Control Board AEDPA Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act A.E.R. All England Law Reports AFA American Family Association; Alabama Freethought Association AFB American Farm Bureau AFBF American Farm Bureau Federation 499 AFDC Aid to Families with Dependent Children aff’d per cur. Affirmed by the court AFIS Automated fingerprint identification system AFL American Federation of Labor AFL-CIO American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations AFRes Air Force Reserve AFSC American Friends Service Committee AFSCME American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees AGRICOLA Agricultural Online Access AIA Association of Insurance Attorneys AIB American Institute for Banking AID Artificial insemination using a third-party donor’s sperm; Agency for International Development AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIH Artificial insemination using the husband’s sperm AIM American Indian Movement AIPAC American Israel Public Affairs Committee AIUSA Amnesty International, U.S.A. Affiliate AJS American Judicature Society ALA American Library Association Alcoa Aluminum Company of America ALEC American Legislative Exchange Council ALF Animal Liberation Front ALI American Law Institute ALJ Administrative law judge All E.R. All England Law Reports ALO Agency Liaison A.L.R. American Law Reports ALY American Law Yearbook AMA American Medical Association AMAA Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act Am. Dec. American Decisions amdt. Amendment Amer. St. Papers, For. Rels. American State Papers, Legislative and Executive Documents of the Congress of the U.S., Class I, Foreign Relations, 1832–1859 AMS Agricultural Marketing Service AMVETS American Veterans (of World War II) ANA Administration for Native Americans Ann. Dig. Annual Digest of Public International Law Cases ANPA American Newspaper Publishers Association ANSCA Alaska Native Claims Act ANZUS Australia-New Zealand- United States Security Treaty Organization AOA Administration on Aging AOE Arizonans for Official English AOL America Online AP Associated Press APA Administrative Procedure Act of 1946 APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service App. Div. Appellate Division Reports, N.Y. Supreme Court Arb. Trib., U.S British Arbitration Tribunal, Claim Convention of 1853, United States and Great Britain Convention of 1853 Ardcor American Roller Die Corporation ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network ARS Advanced Record System Art. Article ARU American Railway Union ASCME American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees ASCS Agriculture Stabilization and Conservation Service ASM Available Seatmile ASPCA American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Asst. Att. Gen. Assistant Attorney General GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 500 ABBREVIATIONS AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph ATF Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives Bureau ATLA Association of Trial Lawyers of America ATO Alpha Tau Omega ATTD Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Division ATU Alcohol Tax Unit AUAM American Union against Militarism AUM Animal Unit Month AZT Azidothymidine BAC Blood alcohol concentration BALSA Black-American Law Student Association BATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms BBS Bulletin Board System BCCI Bank of Credit and Commerce International BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis Bell’s Cr. C. Bell’s English Crown Cases Bevans United States Treaties, etc. Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America, 1776–1949 (compiled under the direction of Charles I. Bevans, 1968–76) BFOQ Bona fide occupational qualification BI Bureau of Investigation BIA Bureau of Indian Affairs; Board of Immigration Appeals BID Business improvement district BJS Bureau of Justice Statistics Black. Black’s United States Supreme Court Reports Blatchf. Blatchford’s United States Circuit Court Reports BLM Bureau of Land Management BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics BMD Ballistic missile defense BNA Bureau of National Affairs BOCA Building Officials and Code Administrators International BOP Bureau of Prisons BPP Black Panther Party for Self-defense Brit. and For. British and Foreign State Papers BSA Boy Scouts of America BTP Beta Theta Pi Burr. James Burrows, Report of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of King’sBench during the Time of Lord Mansfield (1766–1780) BVA Board of Veterans Appeals c. Chapter C 3 I Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence C.A. Court of Appeals CAA Clean Air Act CAB Civil Aeronautics Board; Corporation for American Banking CAFE Corporate average fuel economy Cal. 2d California Reports, Second Series Cal. 3d California Reports, Third Series CALR Computer-assisted legal research Cal. Rptr. California Reporter CAP Common Agricultural Policy CARA Classification and Ratings Administration CATV Community antenna television CBO Congressional Budget Office CBS Columbia Broadcasting System CBOEC Chicago Board of Election Commissioners CCC Commodity Credit Corporation CCDBG Child Care and Development Block Grant of 1990 C.C.D. Pa. Circuit Court Decisions, Pennsylvania C.C.D. Va. Circuit Court Decisions, Virginia CCEA Cabinet Council on Economic Affairs GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 501 CCP Chinese Communist Party CCR Center for Constitutional Rights C.C.R.I. Circuit Court, Rhode Island CD Certificate of deposit; compact disc CDA Communications Decency Act CDBG Community Development Block Grant Program CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Community Development Corporation CDF Children’s Defense Fund CDL Citizens for Decency through Law CD-ROM Compact disc read-only memory CDS Community Dispute Services CDW Collision damage waiver CENTO Central Treaty Organization CEO Chief executive officer CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 cert. Certiorari CETA Comprehensive Employment and Training Act C & F Cost and freight CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CFE Treaty Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty of 1990 C.F. & I. Cost, freight, and insurance C.F.R Code of Federal Regulations CFNP Community Food and Nutrition Program CFTA Canadian Free Trade Agreement CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission Ch. Chancery Division, English Law Reports CHAMPVA Civilian Health and Medical Program at the Veterans Administration CHEP Cuban/Haitian Entrant Program CHINS Children in need of supervision CHIPS Child in need of protective services Ch.N.Y. Chancery Reports, New York Chr. Rob. Christopher Robinson, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Admiralty (1801–1808) CIA Central Intelligence Agency CID Commercial Item Descriptions C.I.F. Cost, insurance, and freight CINCNORAD Commander in Chief, North American Air Defense Command C.I.O. Congress of Industrial Organizations CIPE Center for International Private Enterprise C.J. Chief justice CJIS Criminal Justice Information Services C.J.S. Corpus Juris Secundum Claims Arb. under Spec. Conv., Nielsen’s Rept. Frederick Kenelm Nielsen, American and British Claims Arbitration under the Special Agreement Concluded between the United States and Great Britain, August 18, 1910 (1926) CLASP Center for Law and Social Policy CLE Center for Law and Education; Continuing Legal Education CLEO Council on Legal Education Opportunity; Chief Law Enforcement Officer CLP Communist Labor Party of America CLS Christian Legal Society; critical legal studies (movement); Critical Legal Studies (membership organization) C.M.A. Court of Military Appeals CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CMHS Center for Mental Health Services C.M.R. Court of Military Review GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 502 ABBREVIATIONS CNN Cable News Network CNO Chief of Naval Operations CNOL Consolidated net operating loss CNR Chicago and Northwestern Railway CO Conscientious Objector C.O.D. Cash on delivery COGP Commission on Government Procurement COINTELPRO Counterintelligence Program Coke Rep. Coke’s English King’s Bench Reports COLA Cost-of-living adjustment COMCEN Federal Communications Center Comp. Compilation Conn. Connecticut Reports CONTU National Commission on New Technological Uses of Copyrighted Works Conv. Convention COPA Child Online Protection Act (1998) COPS Community Oriented Policing Services Corbin Arthur L. Corbin, Corbin on Contracts: A Comprehensive Treatise on the Rules of Contract Law (1950) CORE Congress on Racial Equality Cox’s Crim. Cases Cox’s Criminal Cases (England) COYOTE Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics CPA Certified public accountant CPB Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the CPI Consumer Price Index CPPA Child Pornography Prevention Act CPSC Consumer Product Safety Commission Cranch Cranch’s United States Supreme Court Reports CRF Constitutional Rights Foundation CRR Center for Constitutional Rights CRS Congressional Research Service; Community Relations Service CRT Critical race theory CSA Community Services Administration CSAP Center for Substance Abuse Prevention CSAT Center for Substance Abuse Treatment CSC Civil Service Commission CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe CSG Council of State Governments CSO Community Service Organization CSP Center for the Study of the Presidency C-SPAN Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network CSRS Cooperative State Research Service CSWPL Center on Social Welfare Policy and Law CTA Cum testamento annexo (with the will attached) Ct. Ap. D.C. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Ct. App. No. Ireland Court of Appeals, Northern Ireland Ct. Cl. Court of Claims, United States Ct. Crim. Apps. Court of Criminal Appeals (England) CTI Consolidated taxable income Ct. of Sess., Scot. Court of Sessions, Scotland CU Credit union CUNY City University of New York Cush. Cushing’ s Massachusetts Reports CWA Civil Works Administration; Clean Water Act DACORB Department of the Army Conscientious Objector Review Board Dall. Dallas’s Pennsylvania and United States Reports DAR Daughters of the American Revolution DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DAVA Defense Audiovisual Agency D.C. United States District Court; District of Columbia GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 503 D.C. Del. United States District Court, Delaware D.C. Mass. United States District Court, Massachusetts D.C. Md. United States District Court, Maryland D.C.N.D.Cal. United States District Court, Northern District, California D.C.N.Y. United States District Court, New York D.C.Pa. United States District Court, Pennsylvania DCS Deputy Chiefs of Staff DCZ District of the Canal Zone DDT Dichlorodiphenyl- tricloroethane DEA Drug Enforcement Administration Decl. Lond. Declaration of London, February 26, 1909 Dev. & B. Devereux & Battle’s North Carolina Reports DFL Minnesota Democratic- Farmer-Labor DFTA Department for the Aging DHS Department of Homeland Security Dig. U.S. Practice in Intl. Law Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law Dist. Ct. D.C. United States District Court, District of Columbia D.L.R. Dominion Law Reports (Canada) DMCA Digital Millennium Copyright Act DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Dnase Deoxyribonuclease DNC Democratic National Committee DOC Department of Commerce DOD Department of Defense DODEA Department of Defense Education Activity Dodson Dodson’s Reports, English Admiralty Courts DOE Department of Energy DOER Department of Employee Relations DOJ Department of Justice DOL Department of Labor DOMA Defense of Marriage Act of 1996 DOS Disk operating system DOT Department of Transportation DPT Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus DRI DefenseResearchInstitute DSAA Defense Security Assistance Agency DUI Driving under the influence; driving under intoxication DVD Digital versatile disc DWI Driving while intoxicated EAHCA Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 EBT Examination before trial E.coli Escherichia coli ECPA Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 ECSC Treaty of the European Coal and Steel Community EDA Economic Development Administration EDF Environmental Defense Fund E.D.N.Y. Eastern District, New York EDP Electronic data processing E.D. Pa. Eastern-District, Pennsylvania EDSC Eastern District, South Carolina EDT Eastern daylight time E.D. Va. Eastern District, Virginia EEC European Economic Community; European Economic Community Treaty EEOC Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EFF Electronic Frontier Foundation EFT Electronic funds transfer Eliz. Queen Elizabeth (Great Britain) Em. App. Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals ENE Early neutral evaluation Eng. Rep. English Reports EOP Executive Office of the President EPA Environmental Protection Agency; Equal Pay Act of 1963 ERA Equal Rights Amendment ERDC Energy Research and Development Commission ERISA Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 504 ABBREVIATIONS ERS Economic Research Service ERTA Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 ESA Endangered Species Act of 1973 ESF Emergency support function; Economic Support Fund ESRD End-Stage Renal Disease Program ETA Employment and Training Administration ETS Environmental tobacco smoke et seq. Et sequentes or et sequentia (“and the following”) EU European Union Euratom European Atomic Energy Community Eur. Ct. H.R. European Court of Human Rights Ex. English Exchequer Reports, Welsby, Hurlstone & Gordon Exch. Exchequer Reports (Welsby, Hurlstone & Gordon) Ex Com Executive Committee of the National Security Council Eximbank Export-Import Bank of the United States F. Federal Reporter F. 2d Federal Reporter, Second Series FAA Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Arbitration Act FAAA Federal Alcohol Administration Act FACE Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act of 1994 FACT Feminist Anti- Censorship Task Force FAIRA Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 FAMLA Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 Fannie Mae Federal National Mortgage Association FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAR Federal Acquisition Regulations FAS Foreign Agricultural Service FBA Federal Bar Association FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation FCA Farm Credit Administration F. Cas. Federal Cases FCC Federal Communications Commission FCIA Foreign Credit Insurance Association FCIC Federal Crop Insurance Corporation FCLAA Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act FCRA Fair Credit Reporting Act FCU Federal credit unions FCUA Federal Credit Union Act FCZ Fishery Conservation Zone FDA Food and Drug Administration FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FDPC Federal Data Processing Center FEC Federal Election Commission FECA Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 Fed. Cas. Federal Cases FEHA Fair Employment and Housing Act FEHBA Federal Employees Health Benefit Act FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FFB Federal Financing Bank FFDC Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act FGIS Federal Grain Inspection Service FHA Federal Housing Administration FHAA Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1998 FHWA Federal Highway Administration FIA Federal Insurance Administration FIC Federal Information Centers; Federation of Insurance Counsel GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 505 FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act FIP Forestry Incentives Program FIRREA Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 FISA Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 FISC Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review FJC Federal Judicial Center FLSA Fair Labor Standards Act FMC Federal Maritime Commission FMCS Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service FmHA Farmers Home Administration FMLA Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 FNMA Federal National Mortgage Association, “Fannie Mae” F.O.B. Free on board FOIA Freedom of Information Act FOMC Federal Open Market Committee FPA Federal Power Act of 1935 FPC Federal Power Commission FPMR Federal Property Management Regulations FPRS Federal Property Resources Service FR Federal Register FRA Federal Railroad Administration FRB Federal Reserve Board FRC Federal Radio Commission F.R.D. Federal Rules Decisions FSA Family Support Act FSB Federal’naya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti (the Federal Security Service of Russia) FSLIC Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation FSQS Food Safety and Quality Service FSS Federal Supply Service F. Supp. Federal Supplement FTA U.S Canada Free Trade Agreement of 1988 FTC Federal Trade Commission FTCA Federal Tort Claims Act FTS Federal Telecommunications System FTS2000 Federal Telecommunications System 2000 FUCA Federal Unemployment Compensation Act of 1988 FUTA Federal Unemployment Tax Act FWPCA Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 FWS Fish and Wildlife Service GAL Guardian ad litem GAO General Accounting Office; Governmental Affairs Office GAOR General Assembly Official Records, United Nations GAAP Generally accepted accounting principles GA Res. General Assembly Resolution (United Nations) GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GCA Gun Control Act Gen. Cls. Comm. General Claims Commission, United States and Panama; General Claims United States and Mexico Geo. II King George II (Great Britain) Geo. III King George III (Great Britain) GHB Gamma-hydroxybutrate GI Government Issue GID General Intelligence Division GM General Motors GNMA Government National Mortgage Association, “Ginnie Mae” GNP Gross national product GOP Grand Old Party (Republican Party) GOPAC Grand Old Party Action Committee GPA Office of Governmental and Public Affairs GPO Government Printing Office GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 506 ABBREVIATIONS GRAS Generally recognized as safe Gr. Br., Crim. Ct. App. Great Britain, Court of Criminal Appeals GRNL Gay Rights-National Lobby GSA General Services Administration Hackworth Green Haywood Hackworth, Digest of International Law (1940–1944) Hay and Marriott Great Britain. High Court of Admiralty, Decisions in the High Court of Admiralty during the Time of Sir George Hay and of Sir James Marriott, Late Judges of That Court (1801) H.B. House Bill HBO Home Box Office HCFA Health Care Financing Administration H.Ct. High Court HDS Office of Human Development Services Hen. & M. Hening & Munford’s Virginia Reports HEW Department of Health, Education, and Welfare HFCA Health Care Financing Administration HGI Handgun Control, Incorporated HHS Department of Health and Human Services Hill Hill’s New York Reports HIRE Help through Industry Retraining and Employment HIV Human immunodeficiency virus H.L. House of Lords Cases (England) H. Lords House of Lords (England) HMO Health Maintenance Organization HNIS Human Nutrition Information Service Hong Kong L.R. Hong Kong Law Reports How. Howard’s United States Supreme Court Reports How. St. Trials Howell’s English State Trials HUAC House Un-American Activities Committee HUD Department of Housing and Urban Development Hudson, Internatl. Legis. Manley Ottmer Hudson, ed., International Legislation: A Collection of the Texts of Multipartite International Instruments of General Interest Beginning with the Covenant of the League of Nations (1931) Hudson, World Court Reps. Manley Ottmer Hudson, ea., World Court Reports (1934– ) Hun Hun’s New York Supreme Court Reports Hunt’s Rept. Bert L. Hunt, Report of the American and Panamanian General Claims Arbitration (1934) IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IALL International Association of Law Libraries IBA International Bar Association IBM International Business Machines ICA Interstate Commerce Act ICBM Intercontinental ballistic missile ICC Interstate Commerce Commission; International Criminal Court ICJ International Court of Justice ICM Institute for Court Management IDEA Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975 IDOP International Dolphin Conservation Program IEP Individualized educational program IFC International Finance Corporation IGRA Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988 IJA Institute of Judicial Administration IJC International Joint Commission ILC International Law Commission ILD International Labor Defense Ill. Dec. Illinois Decisions ILO International Labor Organization IMF International Monetary Fund GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 507 INA Immigration and Nationality Act IND Investigational new drug INF Treaty Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty of 1987 INS Immigration and Naturalization Service INTELSAT International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Interpol International Criminal Police Organization Int’l. Law Reps. International Law Reports Intl. Legal Mats. International Legal Materials IOC International Olympic Committee IPDC International Program for the Development of Communication IPO Intellectual Property Owners IPP Independent power producer IQ Intelligence quotient I.R. Irish Reports IRA Individual retirement account; Irish Republican Army IRC Internal Revenue Code IRCA Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 IRS Internal Revenue Service ISO Independent service organization ISP Internet service provider ISSN International Standard Serial Numbers ITA International Trade Administration ITI Information Technology Integration ITO International Trade Organization ITS Information Technology Service ITT International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation ITU International Telecommunication Union IUD Intrauterine device IWC International Whaling Commission IWW Industrial Workers of the World JAGC Judge Advocate General’s Corps JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff JDL Jewish Defense League JNOV Judgment non obstante veredicto (“judgment nothingtorecommendit” or “judgment notwithstanding the verdict”) JOBS Jobs Opportunity and Basic Skills John. Ch. Johnson’s New York Chancery Reports Johns. Johnson’s Reports (New York) JP Justice of the peace K.B. King’s Bench Reports (England) KFC Kentucky Fried Chicken KGB Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti (the State Security Committee for countries in the former Soviet Union) KKK Ku Klux Klan KMT Kuomintang (Chinese, “national people’s party”) LAD Law Against Discrimination LAPD Los Angeles Police Department LC Library of Congress LCHA Longshoremen’s and Harbor Workers Compensation Act of 1927 LD50 Lethal dose 50 LDEF Legal Defense and Education Fund (NOW) LDF Legal Defense Fund, Legal Defense and Educational Fund of the NAACP LEAA Law Enforcement Assistance Administration L.Ed. Lawyers’ Edition Supreme Court Reports LI Letter of interpretation LLC Limited Liability Company LLP Limited Liability Partnership LMSA Labor-Management Services Administration LNTS League of Nations Treaty Series Lofft’s Rep. Lofft’s English King’s Bench Reports L.R. Law Reports (English) LSAC Law School Admission Council GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 508 ABBREVIATIONS . Administration LNTS League of Nations Treaty Series Lofft’s Rep. Lofft’s English King’s Bench Reports L.R. Law Reports (English) LSAC Law School Admission Council GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 508. Party) GOPAC Grand Old Party Action Committee GPA Office of Governmental and Public Affairs GPO Government Printing Office GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 506 ABBREVIATIONS GRAS Generally. Security Act of 1974 GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 504 ABBREVIATIONS ERS Economic Research Service ERTA Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 ESA Endangered Species Act of 1973 ESF