hệ điều hành báo cáo bài tập tìm hiểu về virtual machine

It functions by running one or more virtual "guest" machines on a physical "host" machine, with each guest having its own operating system.. How a virtual machine work: The virtual machi

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Table of contents:

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1 What is a virtual machine?

What is a virtual machine?

A Virtual Machine (VM) is a software-based compute resource that operates as a self- contained computer, mirroring the characteristics of traditional physical machines It functions by running one or more virtual "guest" machines on a physical "host" machine, with each guest having its own operating system This versatile technology finds applications across on-premises and cloud environments, offering flexibility and efficiency

Conceptually, a virtual machine can be visualized as a computer file, commonly known as an image, which replicates the essential components of a physical computer, including the CPU, memory, and storage It creates an independent computing environment capable of running various operating systems or serving as a complete computing experience for the user Significantly, a VM operates in isolation from the host computer's primary operating system, ensuring non-interference and facilitating a secure and seamless computing experience

In recent times, public cloud services have leveraged virtual machine technology to deliver virtual application resources concurrently to multiple users This approach enhances cost- efficiency and flexibility, making it a preferred choice for various computing needs in both on-premises and cloud-based infrastructures

What are virtual machines used for?

Virtual machines (VMs) empower businesses to emulate an independent operating system within an application window on a desktop, essentially creating a separate computer environment They are strategically deployed to address diverse processing power requirements, run software compatible with different operating systems, and facilitate safe application testing in an isolated and controlled environment

Historically, virtual machines have primarily served the purpose of server virtualization, allowing IT teams to consolidate computing resources and enhance overall efficiency Moreover, VMs prove invaluable for executing tasks that are deemed too risky within a host environment, such as handling virus-infected data or conducting operating system tests The segregation of the virtual machine from the rest of the system ensures that the software within the VM cannot interfere with or compromise the integrity of the host computer

In essence, virtual machines provide a versatile solution for businesses, offering the flexibility to adapt to varying computing needs and enabling secure experimentation with different software and environments This technology has found widespread use in server management and application development, contributing significantly to the efficiency and risk mitigation strategies of |T operations

How a virtual machine work:

The virtual machine operates as a distinct process within an application window, resembling other applications, on the physical machine's operating system Essential components of a virtual machine include key files such as a log file, NVRAM setting file, virtual disk file, and configuration file

Pros and cons of a virtual machine:

Pros of Virtual Machines:

e« Resource Efficiency: Virtualization allows for the efficient use of physical resources

by running multiple virtual machines on a single physical host, maximizing hardware utilization

providing a secure and independent environment for running different applications or operating systems

e Flexibility: VMs provide the flexibility to run applications that may require different

operating systems or software versions, enabling compatibility across diverse environments

e Easy Backup and Recovery: Virtual machines can be easily backed up as snapshots,

and in case of system failures, they can be quickly restored to a previous state, reducing downtime

e Resource Scaling: Virtual machines allow for dynamic resource allocation, enablin

the adjustment of CPU, memory, and storage as needed without affecting other VMs

on the same host

e Cost Savings: Virtualization reduces the need for physical hardware, leading to cost

savings in terms of hardware acquisition, maintenance, and power consumption Cons of Virtual Machines:

« Overhead: Virtualization introduces some overhead due to the additional layer between the virtual machine and the physical hardware, impacting performance to some extent

« Complexity: Managing virtual environments can be complex, especially as the number of virtual machines increases Proper configuration and monitoring are crucial to ensure optimal performance

e Limited Performance for Certain Workloads: High-performance or resource-intensive

workloads may experience limitations in a virtualized environment compared to running directly on dedicated hardware

e Dependency on Host System: Virtual machines rely on the stability and security of the host system If the host encounters issues, it can affect all the VMs running on it

e Licensing Costs: While virtualization can lead to cost savings, there may be licensing costs associated with virtualization software or certain operating systems running on virtual machines

e Hypervisor Vulnerabilities: The hypervisor, the software managing virtualization, introduces a potential single point of failure and security vulnerability Any

compromise in the hypervisor can impact all the VMs on that host

In summary, virtual machines offer numerous advantages in terms of efficiency, flexibility, and cost savings, but they also come with some trade-offs related to performance,

complexity, and potential vulnerabilities The suitability of virtualization depends on specific use cases and requirements

Type of virtual machine:

There are two primary types of virtual machines that users can choose from: process virtual machines and system virtual machines

A process virtual machine is designed to run a single process as an application on a host machine It provides a platform-independent programming environment by abstracting the details of the underlying hardware or operating system An example of a process virtual machine is the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), allowing Java applications to run on any operating system as if they were native to that system

On the other hand, a system virtual machine is fully virtualized to act as a substitute for a physical machine This type of virtual machine supports the sharing of physical resources from a host computer among multiple virtual machines, each running an independent copy of the operating system The virtualization process is facilitated by a hypervisor, which can operate directly on bare hardware (e.g., VMware ESXi) or on top of an existing operating system System virtualization provides a more comprehensive virtualized environment, allowing for the simultaneous operation of multiple distinct operating systems on a single physical host

Type of virtualization:

There are various types of virtualizations; that encompass all components of a traditional data center or IT infrastructure:

Hardware Virtualization:

« Hardware virtualization, also known as server virtualization, involves creating virtual versions of computers and operating systems (VMs) consolidated into a single, primary physical server

e This type of virtualization enables more efficient utilization of hardware resources

and the simultaneous operation of different operating systems on a single machine

Software Virtualization:

¢ Software virtualization creates a computer system with virtualized hardware, allowing

one or more guest operating systems to run on a physical host machine

« For example, an Android OS can run on a host machine originally using a Microsoft Windows O$, utilizing the same hardware

« Applications can also be virtualized and delivered from a server to end-user devices,

facilitating remote access to centrally hosted applications

Storage Virtualization:

e Storage virtualization involves consolidating multiple physical storage devices to appear as a single storage device

¢ Benefits include increased performance, load balancing, reduced costs, and improved

disaster recovery planning through quick duplication and transfer of virtual storage data to another location

Network Virtualization:

e¢ Network virtualization allows the creation of multiple sub-networks on the same physical network using a single, software-based virtual network resource

e \tdivides available bandwidth into independent channels, providing advantages such

as increased reliability, network speed, security, and better monitoring of data usage

e l|deal for companies with a high volume of users requiring constant access

Desktop Virtualization:

¢ Desktop virtualization separates the desktop environment from the physical device, storing the desktop on a remote server

- Users can access their desktops from anywhere on any device, offering easy accessibility

¢ Benefits include enhanced data security, cost savings on software licenses and updates, and simplified management of virtual desktop environments

2 How to create a virtual machine and install the OS into it?

Bwéc 1: Tai VMware workstation va cac file iso cua OS muon tao

VMware: https://www.vmware.com/products/workstation-pro/workstation-pro-

evaluation html

Link tai OS (ở đây tụi em chon winl0 va win8.1):https:/Avww.microsoft.com/en-s/software- download/

Bước 2: Trên vmware, băm vào CTreate a new virtual machine va chọn phương thức installer disc image file và chọn đường dân file đã tải:

New Virtual Machine Wizard x

Guest Operating System Installation

A virtual machine is like a physical computer; it needs on operating system How will you install the quest operating system?

Install from:

O Installer disc:

## DVD Drive (E:) ESD-ISO

[i] Windows 10 x64 detected

COL will install the operating system later

Bước 3: Đặt tên cho máy ảo và chon vi trí lưu:

New Virtual Machine Wizard x

What name would you like to use for this virtual machine?

Virtual machine name:

Windows 10 x64j

Location:

The default location can be changed at Edit > Preferences

Bước 4: Cap cho may ảo bộ nhớ khoảng 60gb (2 máy ảo thì tam 120 gb) và ấn tiếp tục cho đên khi máy ảo được tạo:

Specify Disk Capacity

How large do you want this disk to be?

The virtual machine's hard disk is stored as one or more files on the host computer's physical disk These file(s) start small and become larger as you add applications, files, and data to your virtual machine

Recommended size for Windows 10 x64: 60 G8

Store virtual disk as a single file

O Split virtual disk into multiple files Splitting the disk makes it easier to move the virtual machine to another computer but may reduce performance with very large disks

Help < Back Cancel

Bước 5: Thiết lap theo cac budc nhw trong video demo trén may ao dé hoan thanh việc cai dat OS trén may ao:

Bước 6: Đề cài đặt OS thứ 2 trên máy ao ta can tai VMware tools trén thanh toolbar va cai đặt nó:

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Bước 7: Sau khi cai dat xong VMware tools va restart lai may, ta bam chudt phai vao This

OS thir 2) tam > 60gb

Bước 8: copy file iso cua OS thir 2 da tải ở máy chính vào ô đĩa C trong máy ảo, sau đó copy file sources trong do ra ngoài ô C đề dễ setup hơn, rồi giữ shift và nhắn restart để máy vào trang thai safe mode, chon Troubleshoot -> advanced option -> command prompt

Buéc 9: G command prompt, g6 lénh dé di toi phan sources cua file iso OS thir 2, sau đó gõ lệnh setup dé may thiết lập OS thứ 2:

IE Sclcct Admuabtrotor: X:|windows\system32\cmd.cxc

Bước 10: Nhap product key: 334NH-RXG76-64THK-C7CKG-D3VPT va chon phan ving

bộ nhớ trước đó đã chia để lưu trữ máy ảo trong đó và sau đó thiết lập các thông tin cá nhân như OS trước đê hoàn thành việc cai dat OS thứ 2 vào máy ao:

@ hy Windows Setup

Enter the product key to activate Windows

It should be on the back of the box thet Windows came in or in a messege that shows you bought Window:

The product key looks like thịz: X20G-@OOO(-3000G(-)10000(-)0000C Deshes will be added autometicelly

334NH-RXG76- 64THK - C7CKG-D3/PT

Source:

https:/Avww.vmware.com/content/vmware/vmware-published-

sites/us/topics/glossary/content/virtual-machine.html.html

https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-is-a-virtual- machine#:~:text=A%20virtual%20machine%20is%20a,on%20many%20people's%20work% 20computers

https:/Avww.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/create-a-virtual-machine-and-install- an-operating-system

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