ĐÁNH GIÁ CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN ĐỊNH HƯỚNG NGHỀ NGHIỆP CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM BA HUFLIT

 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANDINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (HUFLIT)

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY COURSE

EVALUATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCINGTHE JOB ORIENTATION OF HUFLIT'S

JUNIOR STUDENTS

(ĐÁNH GIÁ CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN ĐỊNH HƯỚNG NGHỀ NGHIỆP CỦA SINH VIÊN

NĂM BA HUFLIT)

I certify that the attached material is my original word No other person’s work or ideas have been used without acknowledgment Except where I have clearly stated that I have used some of this material elsewhere, I have not presented this for assessment in another course or unit at this or any other institution.

2.2 Situation of career-oriented students after graduation 6

2.2.1 Situation of World students 6

2.2.2 Situation of Vietnamese students 6

2.3 Factors affecting student orientation 7

2.3.1 Passions and hobbies 7

2.3.2 Individual ability 7

2.3.3 Family and friends 8

2.3.4 Welfare and working environment 8

2.4 How to overcome obstacles 9

2.4.1 Take the Career Orientation Quiz 9

2.4.2 Always remember going to college is for yourself, not for others 9

2.4.3 Experience and learn more 10

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 12

3.1 Description of the Subjects 12

3.2 Materials 12

3.3 Procedures of Data Collection 12

3.4 Statistical Treatment 13

CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND FINDINGS 14

4.1 Result of the Questionnaire 14

4.2 Result of the interview 21

CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 25

5.3 Explanation 27

5.4 Limitation 27

CHAPTER 6: RECOMMENDATION 29

6.1 Some recommendations for educators 29

6.2 Some recommendations for students 30

APPENDIX 1 34

APPENDIX 2 38

APPENDIX 3 42

Career orientation is a matter of great interest to Vietnamese students in general and HUFLIT students in particular In order to help HUFLIT students have better career orientation, students themselves and the University need to identify the influencing factors and difficulties in order to find ways to help students have a better awareness of career orientation Career orientation is the best choice for students to determine their future goals and abilities This study aims to survey the current situation of career orientation of students, specifically students of the University of Foreign Languages and Informatics in Ho Chi Minh City The research also clarifies the challenges that students might experience during career orientation We provide the best methods to assist students in overcoming the aforementioned challenges The author conducted this study by surveying 100 third-year students and interviewing 20 students from different majors at HUFLIT The participant was asked to respond to 2 interview questions and 10 study questions in the questionnaire After two weeks, a PhD student gathers and analyzes the student poll responses that were collected by the researcher using a Google form The majority of students understand the significance of job orientation in general As a result, the method of career orientation should be used and implemented on a regular basis by HUFLIT students and educators in the learning process due to its numerous benefits In addition, students need to find for themselves a suitable method to orient their careers most effectively and cover their needs.

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Background

According to Ministry of Education and Training figures from 2018, the country as a whole has over 1.1 million university and college students, and when divided by the average of four academic years, nearly 300,000 students graduate each year Since 2020, the number of unemployed people with university degrees who are unable to find work has been about 200,000 Up to 60% of graduates are employed in the wrong field In the meantime, the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs reported that 1,059,000 persons of working age were unemployed in the first quarter of 2019.

The quality of the human resources must be taken into consideration as a major aspect in order to develop and strengthen the nation's economy and realize all of its potential In particular, given that Vietnam is actively saturating both the regional and international markets Therefore, there is a strong emphasis on raising the educational level and career orientation of the younger generation greater than ever Career orientation is understood as the fact that each individual makes his/her own future career choices These options need to ensure that they match your interests, abilities, personality, family conditions, etc., and other factors related to each specific occupation such as job opportunities, income level The capacity to recognize and guide also allows a person to select a profession that matches exactly what they desire and meets the needs of society If your orientation is good, the job will be good The choice you make regarding your future employment is what leads to the work you enjoy However, there are still few resources available to assist students in developing their career orientation So, what factors influenced the students' choice of profession? This study is an analysis of the elements influencing students' career direction based on the difficulties mentioned above It is necessary to study and scientifically investigate this circumstance as well as the typical factors that students may be affected by career orientation.

1.2 Literature review

The important of career orientation for students is being investigated There are some well-known publications and research on managing your career and the variables that affect it Researchers at the Vietnam National University in Ho Chi Minh City's University of Social Sciences and Humanities have found Training facilities in Ho Chi Minh City also need to step up their efforts to influence students' career orientation from the start of their training courses In order to improve efficiency and promptly provide the proper guidance in aiding students in orienting their careers, indirect training is not equivalent to direct training There are numerous factors that affect each student's career orientation process, so determining the most important ones and suggesting improvements to the effectiveness of students' career orientation not only belongs to each individual student but also requires the support and collaboration of the community, family,

friends, and teachers (HCMUSSH, 2020) Speaker Hoang Tri Dung identified two

characteristics that need to be balanced and trained throughout the enrollment and career counseling program for students in Hai Phong city with the theme "SPEED UP 2020: LIFT YOUR WINGS”; remember that your knowledge will be sufficient to match the market's demands; Soft skills are personal qualities and demeanor that can be used to one's benefit These two fundamental considerations mean that students are no longer challenged by the decision of what major to pursue In addition, speaker To Nhi A stated: "Because everyone's starting place is different, we must also endeavor to follow many approaches to achieving the aim" in a series of national seminars accompanying High Schools and Colleges throughout 2021 A brief but energizing sentence that will boost each student's motivation and determination to achieve their goals.

1.3 Objectives

The primary goal of the research is to assess the factors which affect third-year students' career orientation at the University of Foreign Languages and Information Technology in Ho Chi Minh City (HUFLIT) In particular, how to identify and improve career-oriented skills In addition, the study examines the current situation

and difficulties of students often encountered in order to provides methods and timely directions for the path of self-discovery, changes to match future employment needs.

1.4 Scopes

Sub-samples of Vietnamese university students are included in the data Only students at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Foreign Languages and Information Technology (HUFLIT) in District 10 of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, may participate in this initiative Overall, this study aims to shed light on how students orient their careers and the factors that influence that orientation Then, if there are any problems, provide the appropriate remedies to solve them.

1.5. Organization

The introduction of this research article provides a summary of career orientation The article continues by highlighting the situation of career orientation among HUFLIT students as well as the significance of the ability The next section is the factors affecting the career orientation of students The paper finishes with numerous recommendations to assist students to develop their career orientation skills after presenting the research findings and engaging in discussion.

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Career orientation

Career orientation is a comprehensive and continuously updated educational concept to provide individuals (students, students) at training institutions with information and experiences, helping them to have a successful career, preparing well for future career choices.

Personal career orientation plays an important role in the career development and success of each individual If the career orientation is not right, you will face many difficulties and disadvantages in the chosen job The documents define career direction in a variety of ways Common definitions are:

Career orientation is the more common definition This refers to anindividual's job preferences and choices, or the way he or she orients him or herselfin her career throughout her life (B Miller, 2023) Career orientation is acomprehensive and continuing education concept designed to provide individuals atthe secondary level with the information and experiences to prepare them to liveand work in a necessary society, environment (Nguyen Thi Kim Nhung, Luong ThiThanh Vinh, 2018) Many individuals naturally develop a pattern of job preferences

based on not just their interests, but on the way they prefer to work For instance, some people really prefer to work as part of a team, while others do better working independently Some like to be creative, while others would rather have a particular set of tasks to complete each day Each of these personality aspects can help to make up a career orientation.

Career orientation is malleable, which means it will change over time and will be influenced by both personal and professional events However, there are many various types of job orientation, so it's not necessary to be solely career, job, or job

focused In fact, many people have different orientations (Garrett Mintz, 2022).

2.2 Situation of career-oriented students after graduation2.2.1 Situation of World students

The seminar is a component of the Policy Research initiative in association with the German Rosa-Luxembourg Foundation Out of the almost 3,000 grads surveyed for the conference study, 73% of students got employment after graduation, however up to 58.2% of graduates did not know how to apply Where to get a work, 42% can't fulfill the company's standards, 27% can't obtain a job because the study field isn't appropriate for the market, and even 18% of students

can't find a job because the business doesn't understand the training industry (Hong

Hanh, Dan Tri newspaper).

Career orientation encourages the spirit of learning of students and the spirit of creativity of educators Career orientation also creates a premise to develop students' thinking and build a solid foundation for the country's potential in the future.

2.2.2 Situation of Vietnamese students

Learners lack the necessary information about the field of study, resulting in a less desirable major decision, which has existed for many years but has not been adequately handled Because of this, a poll conducted by the Ministry of Education and Training found that 65.4% of first-year students did not fully get the meaning and goal of the discipline; 50.8% did not know what to do after graduation; and 75.6% of students are less satisfied than they thought they would be with their

profession of choice; 32.4% of students plan to retake the test the following year (N.

Loc, Kiem Toan Newspaper, 2022).

Data recently disclosed by a number of colleges adds to the body of knowledge about this problem Consequently, when asked, almost 50% of students had no idea how to pick the correct major; more than 40% did not know what they liked or were strong at; and 77% wanted guidance on picking a profession that suited their skills.

2.3 Factors affecting student orientation2.3.1 Passions and hobbies

Orienting a job to follow you to work for many years in your life, so if you don't have passion, it's easy to give up when you encounter obstacles and difficulties According to a study, up to 66% of students believe they have a lot of influence over their future employment decisions However, a tiny percentage of students (about 2%) believe that it makes no difference at all In other circumstances, students are still unsure of their genuine passions at the beginning of the job

decision process (M.A Ho Duc Hiep, Nguyen Ngo Thuy Vy, 2022) Instead, if you

have a great passion for the profession, then you will be serious about your work, always learning to improve your abilities With love, you will have new ideas, always create yourself to achieve the highest performance at work So take the time

to find out what you really like (Hong Nguyen, 2021) This leads to psychological

comfort when choosing a school and choosing the desired major.

2.3.2 Individual ability

Besides passions and interests, self-efficacy is one of the factors affecting students' choice of majors Because love is not enough, with some occupations the requirements and working environment require high in appropriate capacity It will be difficult for you to succeed in careers such as singer, actress, model, painter, etc if you do not have artistic talent Therefore, when choosing a career, you need to find out how capable you are, whether it is suitable for that industry or not.

Absolutely do not choose a career by the influence of others (Hong Nguyen, 2021).

Having enough passion and ability will help you do well and develop in your work Social needs Among the scientific factors to decide on a career, social needs are an important factor Because the current labor market is constantly changing, this directly affects the needs of each industry Some industries need a lot of human resources, there are also industries that are currently having a surplus of labor, so the level of competition is very high Your work should be compatible with your attitudes, beliefs, and personality It will capitalize on your key strengths and abilities but also give you the opportunity to gain new skills and knowledge in the

areas you want to develop (Krystine Lumanta, 2021) Therefore, before choosing a

career, you should study the market and consider social needs to make the best decision.

2.3.3 Family and friends

Many young people choose careers based on their passions and interests but do not have enough knowledge about the labor market and industry characteristics At this time, parents and siblings who have already entered the labor market will have

social insights and give you a lot of useful advice (Hong Nguyen, 2021) This

influence usually manifests itself in the following ways: The more concerned parents are with their children, the more likely they are to interfere in their children's career choices The higher the parent's level, the stronger the level of interest and influence on the child's career orientation, the parents' occupation also affects the children's career choice, the family's economic status also affects the children's career choice influence learners' career choices Considering the educational context of Nghe An province, a land rich in tradition of studiousness, the family factor has a great influence on the career choice and orientation of the

education path of young people (Nguyen Thi Thanh Dung, Luong Thi Thanh Vinh,

2018) Besides, in the high school environment, young people often play together in

a small group based on the similarity of age, interests, and views at school or near their residence You often discuss with each other when standing on the threshold of choosing a career for the future Therefore, many students tend to choose the same profession as their close friends or follow their advice The exchange of friends also has the effect of shaping career trends.

2.3.4 Welfare and working environment

Many students confirm that they are strongly influenced by the professional environment: 50.6% think that the career environment has a great influence on their

career orientation (M.A Ho Duc Hiep, Nguyen Ngo Thuy Vy, 2022) Because

everyone wants to graduate from school to work in a good environment and be well-remunerated The good environment everyone wants is a comfortable working

environment, capable of developing thinking and self Popular benefits that many companies now offer include gyms, health insurance, and shopping discounts There may also be a social committee and team building days, entirely devoted to the social side of the job Connected to this are larger celebrations like a Christmas party to end the year, as a way for the company to say thank you for all the efforts

of its employees (Krystine Lumanta, 2021) Good compensation is salary and bonus

for recognized contributions This is also the factor that makes people want to stick with that job for the rest of their lives.

2.4 How to overcome obstacles

There are still some students who have graduated and still cannot find the right path for themselves There are also people who have just finished their 2nd and 3rd years and have realized what they really need So don't panic if you can't shape your career for the future right now Here are ways to help students – students can find the cause and solution to the problem:

2.4.1 Take the Career Orientation Quiz

Currently, there are many tests designed to help you easily find out your ability The main example is the 16 personality test or John L Holland's Holland

Code test method (Tien Tran, 2022) Both of the above tests help you orient

yourself to specific groups of people based on your personality and mentality At the same time, the test will suggest people to do suitable occupations This is a scientific method to help answer the questions of those who do not know what they like.

2.4.2 Always remember going to college is for yourself, not for others

Vietnamese students are under a lot of pressure because of the "ghost" named "university" Wherever you go, you will also be asked "What major do you plan to study?", "Why don't you study this major? This industry sucks The other industry is hotter.” Many young people who are struggling with the age gap and lack life

confidence have a lot of unseen pressure when they must actively choose their future careers Pressure from family, society, or even yourself causes many of you

to feel stuck and in crisis, which causes you to make the incorrect choices (Tien

Tran, 2022) Listen to what your heart tells you because the words out there can't

decide your future.

When you have passion as well as opinion, even if it is difficult, you will still be able to reach success more easily Choose a career according to your ability, go on the path that makes you feel real happiness.

2.4.3 Experience and learn more

Along the career way, you want people to remember you as a friendly or astute co-worker You choose to be someone who always balances work and family; or ready to focus day and night for work The values you follow will shape your outlook on life as well as your career path Dr Robert K Cooper once said that values are the anchors that keep you at peace and shine in this world; and so clarifying values is just as important as finding a reason to live.

You need a lot of experience to know exactly if the job is really right for you So start this as soon as possible Especially for students, time is the most valuable asset you have in your life Take advantage of it and look for opportunities to

experience, hone skills and experience for yourself (Tien Tran, 2022).

In conclusion:

To sum up, there are many definition of career orientation and the synonym of this Besides, the career orientation of Vietnamese students in particular and international students in general is affected by many factors The first is the element of passions and hobbies The next is the individual ability factor The third is family and friends The last is benefits and working environment On the other hand, career orientation also has many challenges for students There are already mentioned methods to address those challenges Firstly, students take a quiz to get to know themselves Secondly, students need to determine the purpose of learning and the

object to study is themselves Finally, students conduct practical experience and training to find true values and suitable career orientations for themselves By practicing on, students have the foundation to step by step orient their career.

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY3.1 Description of the Subjects

The research was carried out with the involvement of 107 HUFLIT students ranging in age from 21 to 20 They are the ones that are looking for and deciding on a career path When it was impacted by numerous elements, they struggled and gave it a lot of thought As a result, the major goal of the study is to understand the variables that affect participants' career orientation and identify the best method for helping them overcome disorientation.

3.2 Materials

The study included both quantitative and qualitative methodologies The questionnaire used in the quantitative method has 10 questions about research and 3 questions about personal information The survey was composed of 10 questions and focused on students' opinions on the significance of career orientation and the variables influencing it Personal information about the participant's profession, age, gender, and other characteristics were also collected In the qualitative method, interviews are employed, and 2 questions are used to survey the challenges that students experience when orienting their careers and their expectations when meeting challenges.

3.3 Procedures of Data Collection

Initially, the survey questionnaire was created as a Google Form to facilitate d ata collection.This questionnaire is written in both Vietnamese and English to guara ntee that all students can comprehend it The second stage is to collect information f rom students by sending a Google Form link to the faculty and school's Facebook p ages, such as K26 Faculty of Foreign Languages and K26 -HUFLIT The third step requires students to complete all of the questions and give t heir comments via Google Form.

The participants in this study questionnaire were chosen at random Participants were given questionnaires to complete for the study The researcher will compile all of the participant replies and process the data in the fourth and fifth steps Then for the last step, interviews with roughly 20 out of 100 participants were requested in order to learn more about their concerns and recommendations The researcher then gathers and analyzes their comments.

3.4 Statistical Treatment

The results were transformed into accurate scientific studying using statistics, charts, and percentages and Excel.

CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND FINDINGS

During a survey week, the research collected 100 student replies via questionnaires and 20 interview responses about students' career orientation The researcher will compile the findings and begin data analysis after a week Male students made up 35.9% of the respondents to the questionnaire, while female respondents made up the remaining 64.1% 20 students were interviewed, and 35.9% of them were men and 64.1% were women This survey is for third-year HUFLIT students whereby the Faculty of Foreign Languages has more than 55% of the whole student body, the Faculty of Business Administration and Information Technology has 19.4% of the total student body split equally, and the remaining 25.6% of the student body is made up of students from other faculties.

4.1 Result of the Questionnaire

In the questionnaire, there are 10 research questions include the following format yes or no, 5 level question and multiple choice This question deals with issues such as status, intentions or viewpoints and factors that influence student decisions All responses were statistically based on percentage excel by the researcher.

4.1.1 When did you start your career orientation?

Figure 1 Time for students' career orientation

Figure 1 depicts students at HUFLIT approach to career orientation Overall, students' choices vary widely It affects each option differently Most of the students responded starting in high school More specifically, out of 100 students who answered the questionnaire, 42.9 percent students answered that they started their career orientation from high school 13.3 percent of students start in their third year 12.4 percent of students begin their sophomore year 10.5 percent of students have no orientation And the remaining 20.9 starting from the remaining milestones In the conditions of free development, most students have career orientation very early before going to university But there are also students who start their career orientation very late in their final years of university and even have no direction As through this survey, it is positive that the students were soon self-consciously aware of the importance of career orientation Early career orientation is a positive signal to give students a clear direction in their future career.

4.1.2 On a 5-point scale, how important is career orientation to you?

Figure 2 The importance of career orientation to students

The graph shows the degree of interest third-year students have in choosing a career path The chart's columns generally have a lot of variation The majority of students are aware of the value of career orientation In more detail, out of 107 students who responded to the survey, 44.1% said career orientation is extremely important, 38.3% said it is significant, and 17.8% said it is slightly important The remainder of respondents (a small percentage) said that career direction is not crucial This demonstrates the pupils' intense interest in career guidance Their

future direction and development are highly impacted by their career orientation When you have a distinct perception, this is a positive indicator.

4.1.3 Are you facing a situation of career orientation outside of yourmajor?

Figure 3 Percentage of HUFLIT third-year students in the wrong major

The graph depicts the current career direction of third-year students The responses on the graph generally differ significantly Most students struggle with a professional path that is unrelated to their major In more detail, of the 107 students who responded to the questionnaire, 60.7% said they had trouble studying outside of their major, while the remaining 39.3% said they studied for the right career As a result, it demonstrates that the majority of pupils are struggling with learning direction The most general is choosing the incorrect field of study This figure is reasonable given that numerous polls of Vietnamese students conducted in recent years also found that they had the same issue as HUFLIT students There are numerous reasons that have an impact on the issue of altering career direction from the original This necessitates that students put in increasingly more effort in order to follow the appropriate career orientation you have established.

4.1.4 Which of the following factors influence your careerorientation?

Figure 4 Factors influencing career orientation

The graph depicts the factors that influence the current career orientation of third-year students The responses on the chart are frequently the prevalent factors that have an impact on the students The majority of pupils are impacted by personal needs-related elements like skills, passions, interests, and abilities In addition, 75.7% of the 107 students who responded to the survey and provided information claimed they chose their careers based on their own abilities Passion, interest, and work environment are the second most important component, accounting for 62.6% Family and health are the next two elements impacting your decisions, accounting for 37.4% and 30.8%, respectively The remaining company benefits (29.9%) and other considerations (6%) have a minor impact on your selection Third-year HUFLIT students' career decisions are often influenced by a variety of factors, although the majority of these elements are personal needs, like interests, capacities, and work environments When they are aware of how to take care of and educate yourself, they can compare this to the demands of society in terms of job search Based on that, it also provides teachers with a general overview of the influencing elements that can be developed and completely utilized for their advantages.

4.1.5 Have you tried any of the following career orientations? Whathave you done to improve your career direction?

Figure 5 Career Orientation Progress

Figure 6 Improve career orientation

Two graphs that examine student career-related development are intended to illustrate the stage most students are at The responses range widely In particular, 67% of students have been or are now pursuing work experience related to their career inclination Additionally, 43% of students have never attempted to in a profession that is future-focused The majority of student chose to learn from your forebears (67.3%) and experience the work in the orientation oneself (61.7%) when

experiencing and preparing for the first step of orientation These are useful techniques for vetting your best friend's choice They also planned career orientation (46.7%), took tests (29%), and attended skills seminars and workshops (30.8%) to lay the groundwork for the next step The orientation process for HUFLIT third-year students is typically more focused on the experience process, with the early stages (self-knowledge) being used to be ready for the testing phase They are currently in a phase of identity, orientation, and self-discovery, thus this number is also relevant As a result, student must carefully plan your pay and develop themselves to meet societal demands.

4.1.6 Do your friends and relatives give you suggestions for yourcurrent career direction?

Figure 7 Career orientation from acquaintances

The chart describes the influence of the relationships around you on career direction The results differed significantly Most of you received suggestions and references from relatives and friends, accounting for 76.6% The remaining percentage (23.4%) of you do not consult and receive advice from family and friends This shows that the level of concern about career orientation of students and parents is very high Inheritance and awareness of directional potential is an effective signal as well as an effective reference source for HUFLIT third-year students.