Rationale for the study
After earning a bachelor's degree, students face the crucial decision of entering the workforce or pursuing postgraduate studies This process of making informed choices about their future requires careful consideration, particularly for those nearing graduation It's essential for students to establish personal goals during their academic journey Job orientation plays a vital role by providing insights into key aspects such as skills, interests, family circumstances, job prospects, and potential income, addressing fundamental questions that every student contemplates.
In his article in the Journal of Educational Development, issue 4 (64), Dang Danh Anh addresses critical issues surrounding job research and career orientation Nguyen Tien Dat (2004) emphasizes that studying job orientation provides valuable insights into the thoughts and psychology of graduating students This research holds significant value, not just for individual students, but also as a practical resource that could contribute to the education, training, and labor market sectors in Vietnam.
Recognizing the significance of job orientation amidst the large number of English language students in Vietnam, it is essential to understand that each student has unique study and living conditions, leading to individualized employment goals At Hanoi University of Business and Technology (HUBT), 342 students from the 23rd course are set to graduate, prompting an exploration of their thoughts on future job orientations This intriguing topic inspired the researcher to delve deeper into the subject in her graduation paper titled "A Study on Job Orientation After Graduation of the 23rd Course Students in the Faculty of English Language Studies at Hanoi University of Business and Technology."
This study aims to deliver clear and straightforward answers to its research questions, focusing on the factors influencing students' thinking It will present specific statistics regarding job orientation for English language students in the 23rd course at HUBT and recommend effective strategies for proper job orientation The conclusions and suggestions derived from this research will offer valuable insights for future studies.
Job orientation and career guidance are essential for English language students, particularly those graduating from the Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT Understanding the fields of interest and identifying the most suitable career paths can significantly enhance their employability and professional development.
Aims and objectives of the study
This study explores the concept of employment orientation and its significance, focusing on the job orientation experiences of the 23rd course students from the Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT It aims to address key research questions regarding the current state of job orientation for graduates, while also analyzing the factors influencing students' job selection and the variations in their employment orientation.
Research questions
This thesis aims to answer the following questions:
- What do students of the 23 rd Course in Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT plan to do after graduation?
- What jobs are most oriented by the 23 rd Course in Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT?
- What should students do to have the right job orientation?
Scope of the study
- The object of the study is the student's job orientation after graduation
- Research subjects: 342 students of the 23 rd Course in Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT
- Time: from February 2022 to June 2022
- Sources of documents: Graduation papers with the same topic have been published from previous years and students’ survey.
Design of the study
Part A: Introduction - introduces the rationale, purpose, object, scope, and design of the study.
1 Material collection – learns about the concept of job, job orientation and its roles in life, English majors and target groups that need job orientation.
2 Data/Material analysis – indicates methods, research setting, data collection instruments and data analyses
3 Results, remarks – provide key information about the employment orientation of English language students and suggest ideas to help graduating students choose the right career direction
Part C: Conclusion - summarizes the main points of the study, the remaining limitations, and makes suggestions for the further research.
Data collection
Theoretical basis
1.1.1 Definition of job, job orientation and English language study
The International Labor Organization (ILO) categorizes jobs into two types: paid positions, such as employees and apprentices, and unpaid roles that still generate income, like economic owners Consequently, a job is defined as a legitimate activity that is legally permissible for earning income, whether in cash or other forms.
Job orientation, as defined by author Dang Danh Anh, is a collaborative effort among educational institutions and various organizations aimed at guiding students in selecting careers that align with their abilities, interests, and personal conditions This process is essential for meeting the human resource needs of society and is a fundamental component of the educational experience in schools.
Studying the English language encompasses mastering language skills—listening, speaking, reading, and writing—while applying these skills across various life domains, including cultural, economic, commercial, and diplomatic contexts This comprehensive approach not only enhances communication abilities but also equips learners with valuable insights into the diverse cultures, economies, and societies of English-speaking nations.
Job orientation varies based on age, experience, and individual circumstances, leading to diverse methods for achieving key goals across different target groups The primary groups requiring job orientation include young job seekers, career changers, and those re-entering the workforce, each with unique needs and approaches.
High school students form a crucial group in need of job orientation, which can be categorized into two subgroups: those eager to enter the workforce immediately after graduation and those planning to pursue higher education.
The second group includes young individuals who lack vocational training and are no longer in school This group encompasses young farmers engaged in local agricultural production, young factory or company workers, and those who are currently unemployed.
Students enrolled in vocational training schools represent a crucial segment of the workforce Despite receiving specialized education in their chosen fields, these individuals require ongoing motivation and guidance for effective job orientation This support is essential to elevate their professional skills and safeguard their rights against inadequate training programs.
1.1.3 The important role of job orientation
Job orientation plays a crucial role in the educational process within schools, guiding students in their career choices and preparing them for future employment It helps students understand the job market, identify their interests and skills, and make informed decisions about their career paths By integrating job orientation into the curriculum, schools can enhance students' readiness for the workforce and promote lifelong learning.
- Identify career direction and goals: Job orientation helps each individual define their career scope and working environment.
Job orientation enhances quality of life by aligning personal abilities and interests with suitable career options It enables individuals to find fulfilling employment that matches their personality, ensures a satisfactory income, and provides opportunities for future growth and development.
- Increase work efficiency: when employees know well about the work they love, this will arouse passion, help them always have a good spirit to successfully complete the work.
- Limit future risks: Good job orientation certainly helps limit future risks at work such as quitting job, working outside job, doing different jobs or even being unemployed.
Job orientation plays a crucial role in fostering socio-economic development by enhancing awareness of employment and career opportunities This guidance enables workers to secure jobs with desirable incomes, leading to increased labor productivity As a result, the overall economy experiences gradual growth, which ultimately improves the quality of life within society.
Job orientation plays a crucial role in shaping future success, as it helps individuals recognize and develop their abilities By receiving proper guidance, individuals can secure the right job, leading to a more fulfilling and manageable life.
Methods of data collection
In the book "Methodology of Scientific Research" by Vu Cao Dam, it is emphasized that the research methods utilized in this Graduation Paper integrate a diverse array of sources These sources encompass reference books, scholarly articles, educational materials, and relevant websites focused on English language studies, job orientation, and career guidance Additionally, previous essays on employment and strategies for selecting suitable jobs post-graduation were reviewed to enrich the data.
1.2.2 Use the results from actual survey
A survey was conducted with 342 fourth-year English majors at HUBT to gather insights into their views and challenges regarding job search and career orientation The research aimed to assess their attitudes towards the difficulties they face while preparing for their future careers Additionally, the survey sought their opinions on the factors influencing their career choices and requested them to provide career guidance advice for making informed decisions.
Data analysis
Research setting
A research study was conducted at HUBT on May 15, 2022, focusing on job orientation for graduates, gathering insights from 295 students across 14 classes of the TA23 series These students, from the 23rd Course in the Faculty of English Language Studies, have completed their internship reports, registered their graduation paper topics, and are preparing for the defense period, which is a prerequisite for graduation.
The researcher conducted in-depth unstructured interviews with randomly selected participants, allowing them to openly share their opinions and personal views on the research topic Utilizing the suggestion tool from Livecareer.com, the survey on career self-direction among HUBT students was executed following a structured approach.
Step 1: general introduction of the purpose of the interview and the interviewer
Step 2: exchange and get to know the interviewee Step 3: an introduction to the structure of questions that will be asked in the interview
Step 4: conduct interviews with research subjectsStep 5: end the interview and thank the intervieweeBesides, the researcher used a questionnaire survey The study collected quantitative information on a large scale, using a prepared survey questionnaire to collect information from research subjects The questions have available answers and more open options for respondents to share and explain more about their opinions The questionnaire is prepared and sent to the research subjects for the answers through an online survey.
Job orientation of English language studies students
In today's era of global integration and internationalization, English holds a crucial role in resumes and applications across various fields, including economics, social sciences, foreign language education, marketing, information technology, and finance Proficiency in English presents significant opportunities for professional interaction and engagement with the global community, making it a highly promising area of study with diverse career paths.
English language students engage in diverse pedagogical subjects, including foreign language theory, teaching methodologies, language assessment, and the integration of technology and psychology in education In addition to mastering essential English skills such as vocabulary and grammar, these students delve into professional ethics and specialized knowledge necessary for teaching Graduates of English language programs can pursue careers as teachers, lecturers, or teaching assistants, providing English instruction across various educational levels, including primary schools, middle schools, high schools, vocational institutions, and colleges, in accordance with regulations from the Department or Ministry of Education and Training.
Key subjects in English translation and interpretation include English phonetics and phonology, linguistics, translation theory, legal translation, and intercultural communication These courses ensure that students can effectively convey the meaning of the source language using natural expressions in English Mastery of grammar and specialized terminology is essential for students aiming to excel in translation Proficiency in both English and Vietnamese opens numerous career opportunities, with many agencies seeking skilled interpreters for competitive salaries Successful translators can secure significant roles in publishing, translation firms, governmental and non-governmental organizations, or pursue careers as reporters, international editors, or freelance translators.
Students majoring in business commerce can gain a comprehensive understanding of the English language, focusing on essential skills for effective business communication The curriculum includes specialized subjects such as business communication, office English, and transaction management Graduates of this program have diverse job opportunities, including roles as business English interpreters, executive assistants, import-export specialists, sales representatives, and positions within agencies, corporations, or diplomatic missions that engage with English-speaking countries.
2.2.4 The professions use English as a tool
To enhance the national economy, effective cooperation among human resources, irrespective of language barriers, is essential, making English proficiency a critical skill In reputable companies and multinational corporations, English is not merely a valuable asset but a requirement for employment Candidates aspiring for their dream jobs must possess a certain level of English proficiency, which significantly boosts their career potential and professional development With a solid foundation in English, language students can easily acquire additional professional skills to pursue careers as tour guides, event organizers, content writers, course consultants, English testers, or recruitment personnel in foreign companies.
Data analysis
English students at HUBT benefit from a wide range of career opportunities, with proficiency in English enhancing their professional prospects Each student's career orientation at the Faculty of English Language Studies varies based on their individual interests, skills, and life circumstances.
Percentage of job orientation of the 23 rd -course students in Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT is shown in the graphs below.
Figure 2.1 The job options of the 23 rd -course students in Faculty of
English Language Studies at HUBT
According to Figure 2.1, over half (50.8%) of English major students from the 23rd Course at HUBT aspire to become teachers after graduation In contrast, 11.2% prefer to work as translators, while 10.2% intend to pursue further studies The choice of interpreter is the least popular, with only 5.1% opting for this career Additionally, other professions collectively account for 22.7% of the students' career choices, highlighting teaching as the primary job orientation among these students.
Analyzing students' choices by teaching profession, the chart shows the percentage of workplaces chosen when working as a teacher.
A significant 60.7% of students prefer to work at English centers, while 13.3% aspire to teach at primary and middle schools, reflecting a notable interest in these educational environments In contrast, only 8.7% aim to teach at high schools, and a mere 4% express a desire to teach at universities This data indicates that English majors at HUBT favor teaching at centers over traditional schools, possibly due to concerns about their qualifications for those roles.
According to Figure 2.3, English language students have diverse career aspirations across seven major industries The most popular choice is secretary/assistant, with 25.3% of students aiming for this role Following closely is self-employment at 17.9% The tour guide profession and import-export specialist industry each attract 15% of students Sales positions are chosen by 13.4%, while content writing accounts for 8.9% The least favored option among students is human resources, which represents only 4.5%.
English language students find various professions appealing, particularly those that involve frequent use of English, such as secretarial roles and assistant director positions While majors with less emphasis on English also draw interest, they tend to have a lower selection rate among students.
According to Figure 2.4, a significant percentage of students express a desire to further their education or pursue study-related careers Notably, 36.7% of students aim to obtain a second bachelor's degree, while 30% are interested in postgraduate studies, including master's and doctorate programs Additionally, 20% of students plan to work while studying, and 13.3% are considering vocational certificates However, among English language students in the 23rd Course at HUBT, only 10.4% have chosen to continue their studies, indicating a relatively small number opting for further education.
Table 2.1 Number of students surveyed Job orientations Number of students
Thus, the specific number of survey participants is 295 out of 342 who are about to graduate from the 23 rd Course in Faculty of English LanguageStudies at HUBT.
Conditions affecting student’s orientation
The educational programs at universities significantly influence students' career internships and knowledge acquisition A well-structured curriculum aids students in making informed career choices Beyond classroom learning, students must gather information about societal career opportunities and understand the specific requirements of their desired professions They should also develop self-discipline to assess their own qualities and psychological characteristics in relation to these professional standards Consequently, effective job orientation within schools is crucial for guiding students toward their future paths, highlighting the need for career-oriented activities.
How do you know about conditions affecting student’s orientation and suggestions for students to have the right job orientation?
Increased promotion of job fairs by universities and colleges significantly enhances students' career orientation A higher frequency and variety of promotional activities make career choices more appealing to learners Additionally, as schools invest more attention and resources into career counseling, students become clearer and more specific in their future career paths.
Families play a crucial role in shaping students' career paths, as they possess a deep understanding of their children's unique traits and aspirations Parents significantly influence their children's job orientation through their own educational backgrounds and career choices, often prioritizing their children's education and encouraging further studies to achieve the highest qualifications They are particularly concerned about the value of the chosen career and whether it aligns with their children's needs, abilities, and aspirations Ultimately, parents desire stable, high-income jobs with diverse opportunities for their children, which can sometimes lead to a dominating approach in career decision-making.
Family traditions play a crucial role in shaping employment orientations, particularly among Vietnamese and other Eastern cultures Parents often encourage their children to pursue higher education while adhering to the family's established values and expectations regarding career choices.
Every parent desires the best for their child, making it essential for students to seek family advice when making future decisions Consulting with experienced family members can provide valuable insights, helping to ensure that students stay on the right career path and avoid potential missteps.
The labor market, or social demand, is a dynamic force that fluctuates over time, leading to periods of high demand for certain skills followed by potential oversaturation and increased unemployment risks As students graduate, they face a rapidly evolving society that significantly influences their career choices With an abundance of opportunities to enhance their knowledge and skills, today's youth must keep pace with societal demands to avoid being left behind Key considerations for graduates include identifying lucrative professions, understanding job market trends, and exploring career paths that offer growth and skill development These factors contribute to the anxiety many students feel as they navigate their future after school.
Society is the leading factor that directly affects the future decision for needs of each industry before choosing.
The article from the Vocational Education and Continuing Education Center of Nha Be district emphasizes that the most significant factor influencing career orientation is the individual Each person has the unique ability to understand their own strengths, passions, and preferences better than anyone else Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate job requirements and assess whether they align with personal interests and aspirations before making a final career decision.
An individual's capacity significantly influences their chances of success; the greater your abilities, the higher your likelihood of achieving your goals Conversely, if you recognize your limitations, it's essential to assess your skills accurately to make informed career decisions.
Personality traits significantly influence career choices, as qualities like patience, restraint, and temper can shape one's professional path Attributes such as honesty, confidentiality, courage, carefulness, and meticulousness play a crucial role in job selection, serving as either strengths or weaknesses Understanding one’s personality is essential for individuals to pursue the right career that aligns with their inherent characteristics.
When selecting a profession, it's crucial to assess its impact on your health, ensuring that you don't overexert yourself Additionally, personal appearance plays a significant role in job suitability; careers that prioritize looks are better suited for individuals who maintain a polished and attractive style Considering these factors can lead to a more successful and enjoyable work experience in the future.
When selecting a career, students must identify their talents and assess their fit for the industry It is crucial to avoid choosing a profession solely to satisfy others, as a lack of passion and capability can lead to short-lived job satisfaction.
Suggestions to have the right job orientation
Graduates of English language studies have diverse career opportunities available to them To ensure effective career orientation, students should consider various strategies for making informed decisions about their future paths Here are some key suggestions for students to contemplate as they navigate their career choices.
To successfully orient their future careers, individuals must first define themselves by reflecting on their unique talents, interests, personality traits, and passions This self-awareness is crucial as it influences the choices they make in various situations, ensuring that their career paths align with their personal desires and values.
To make informed career choices, students must establish clear goals that inspire and bring joy to their future work By setting specific objectives for their college graduation, such as adhering to a daily schedule, enrolling in skill development courses, and aiming for their first job with a targeted salary, they can create a balanced and fulfilling career path.
Participating in an internship is highly beneficial for students, as it provides them with a realistic perspective of the workplace Internships immerse students in a new environment, allowing them to develop essential soft skills and adapt to a collaborative setting This experience fosters maturity, as students discover the differences between theory and practice Moreover, internships empower students to make informed decisions about their learning priorities, ultimately guiding them in selecting a more suitable future career.
Suggestion 4: Mentally prepare for change
Students should cultivate an open mindset to embrace change, which can help prevent feelings of disappointment and confusion While it's natural to seek a job that aligns perfectly with one's aspirations, fresh graduates must remain open to new experiences It's important to acknowledge that not every job will align with individual goals, so students should not hesitate to explore different opportunities.
Continuous learning is essential for personal and professional development, enabling individuals to acquire specialized knowledge and stay updated on new topics Students should focus on understanding the professional requirements of their chosen careers to excel in their roles Engaging in ongoing education not only minimizes mistakes but also enhances overall competence, guiding individuals toward the right career path through the knowledge they gain daily.
Result, Remark
Result
This graduation paper is structured into three key sections: Theoretical Basis, Data Analysis, and Results/Remarks The study's contents are organized logically by category, with survey data visually represented through charts and tables It aligns closely with the theoretical framework concerning job research and career orientation for English language majors, utilizing various data collection methods The primary focus is on analyzing the obtained data, presented as percentages.
Part B addresses three key research questions regarding the future plans of students from the 23rd Course in the Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT Firstly, it explores their post-graduation aspirations Secondly, it identifies the job sectors that these students are most inclined to pursue Lastly, it offers insights on the necessary steps students should take to achieve appropriate job orientation.
English language students can be categorized into three main job orientation groups: teaching, commerce, and using English as a tool A survey conducted at HUBT revealed valuable insights, indicating that the post-graduation job orientations for students in the 23rd Course of the Faculty of English Language Studies are highly diverse This includes five categories related to English pedagogy, two for professional translation, four for work-study opportunities, and seven for various other occupations.
The highest rate is oriented to become a teacher at an English center with 60.7%, the number is 91 students out of 150 students oriented to pedagogy (50.8%).
The lowest rate is human resources orientation with 4.5%, only 3 students out of 67 students who choose to do other jobs (22.7%)
The second chapter of this thesis provides a comprehensive and objective overview of the career orientation of the 23rd cohort of students in the Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT.
Remark
In June 2022, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh led a government meeting to evaluate the socio-economic landscape of May and the first five months of the year Despite the ongoing complexities of the global situation, including the unresolved Russian-Ukrainian conflict, the country experienced significant and dynamic developments The socio-economic results for May and the initial five months were notably positive, with external activities being conducted actively and effectively.
Vietnam News Agency, June 4, 2022; at 15:44)
Vietnam's recovery index post-COVID-19 has surged from 48th to 14th globally, as reported by Nikkei (Japan) This significant economic rebound signals a positive trend for maintaining stability and effectively implementing key state policies However, the evolving social landscape poses challenges that impact the labor market and employment opportunities.
Job orientation for students is significantly impacted by the current social landscape, particularly for university students nearing graduation As they navigate their educational journey, it is crucial for learners to start considering and planning their careers early This proactive approach to career orientation serves as a pivotal moment that can greatly influence their future success.
The journey of learning, discovery, and research highlights the critical issue of job orientation, influenced by a variety of socio-economic factors This study identifies several key elements impacting employment orientation, including the learning environment, educational knowledge, family background, personal attributes, and societal influences.
Students in the 23rd Course of the Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT, along with many others across Vietnam, can utilize the factors identified in this research to help guide their career choices after graduation.
Recapitulation
The study has shown the employment orientation rate of students in the
The 23rd classes of the Faculty of English Language Studies at HUBT conducted a job orientation survey, which is illustrated through four percentage charts and one detailed table The findings summarize the responses of 295 out of 342 students, with the complete survey questionnaires available in the appendix.
Graduates in the field of English have diverse career paths, with the teaching sector being the most popular choice Employment opportunities in pedagogy are primarily found in five main environments: English centers, primary schools, middle schools, high schools, and colleges or universities Additionally, there are two professional translation roles available: English-Vietnamese translator and interpreter For those interested in further education, options include graduate studies (MSc, PhD), pursuing a second bachelor's degree, studying while working, or obtaining a vocational certificate Lastly, students also explore various career-oriented roles related to English, such as secretary or assistant director, salesperson, self-employed entrepreneur, tour guide, content writer, import-export specialist, and human resources professional.
This study offers detailed insights into the career prospects of English majors, focusing specifically on the 23rd-course students at HUBT It is based on scientific research, presenting data without personal bias or unsupported claims, and avoids conflicting viewpoints The findings are the culmination of thorough research, observation, and analysis conducted over a defined period.
The paper on the topic "A study on job orientation after graduation of the
Third-year students in the Faculty of English Language Studies at Hanoi engage with real-life topics Despite some shortcomings in the paper, it reflects a dedicated research process The researcher aims for it to serve as a valuable resource for others interested in the same subject.
Limitation of the study
While the research demonstrates notable strengths through its data collection, surveying, and analysis methods, it also reveals limitations regarding participant selection, time constraints, and the researcher's capacity to gather information Additionally, unforeseen challenges such as insufficient tools, references, and accessible resources contribute to the shortcomings of this scientific study.
The researcher recognizes several shortcomings during the research process, including limited experience in administering survey questionnaires and the inability to locate essential scientific documents Additionally, the researcher lacks proficiency in employing advanced research methods, such as hypothesis testing, which could lead to more reliable results.
The survey's scale is not large enough, only conducted with more than 80% of English majors in the 23 rd class at HUBT, so the results may not be generalizable
This article explores the employment orientations of HUBT students after graduation, highlighting the various factors that influence their career choices While specific job options are presented, the research lacks a comprehensive analysis of the psychological motivations behind students' decisions in selecting their careers.
Suggestion for further study
To enhance the outcomes of future research, it is essential for the researcher to increase participant numbers and diversify data collection methods Incorporating interviews and observations alongside survey questionnaires will lead to more compelling conclusions Despite the study's limitations, it was successfully conducted with guidance from the supervisor and through the researcher's own efforts Feedback and constructive criticism are welcomed.
1 Báo Pháp luật Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Thông tấn xã Việt Nam (2022),
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Trung tâm giáo dục thường xuyên huyện Nhà Bè (2021) đã chỉ ra rằng có nhiều yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc định hướng nghề nghiệp Những yếu tố này bao gồm sự thay đổi của thị trường lao động, sở thích cá nhân, và sự hỗ trợ từ gia đình và cộng đồng Việc hiểu rõ các yếu tố này sẽ giúp người học có quyết định nghề nghiệp chính xác hơn Thông tin chi tiết có thể tham khảo tại trang web của Trung tâm giáo dục thường xuyên huyện Nhà Bè.
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I am a student from HUBT, currently conducting a survey to gather insights on job orientation after university graduation Your privacy will be respected, and the data collected will solely be used for this study Please select the most suitable answer from the questionnaire below Thank you for your participation!
1 What is your favorite English major?
(a) English language teaching education (b)Business English
2 What is your job orientation after graduation from HUBT?
(c) An interpreter (d)Continue learning (e) Other jobs
3 What is the most important factor to you when choosing a job?
4 Where do you want to work? (If question 2 you choose (a)) (a) English language center
(b)Primary school(c) Middle school(d)High school