Nghiên cứu ứng dụng chế phẩm chitosan nano sio2 trong xử lý bảo quản chuối sau thu hoạch

BAN QUẢN LÝ KHU NÔNG NGHIỆP CÔNG NGHỆ CAO TP HCM TRUNG TÂM NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN NÔNG NGHIỆP CÔNG NGHỆ CAO BÁO CÁO NGHIỆM THU NGHIÊN CỨU ỨNG DỤNG CHẾ PHẨM CHITOSANNANO SIO2 TRONG XỬ LÝ, BẢO QUẢN CHUỐI SAU THU HOẠCH KS Phạm Quang Thắng Thành phố Hờ Chí Minh, tháng 01/2018 BAN QUẢN LÝ KHU NƠNG NGHIỆP CÔNG NGHỆ CAO TP HCM TRUNG TÂM NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN NÔNG NGHIỆP CÔNG NGHỆ CAO BÁO CÁO NGHIỆM THU (Đã chỉnh sửa theo góp ý Hội đồng nghiệm thu) NGHIÊN CỨU ỨNG DỤNG CHẾ PHẨM CHITOSANNANO SIO2 TRONG XỬ LÝ, BẢO QUẢN CHUỐI SAU THU HOẠCH CƠ QUAN CHỦ TRÌ (Ký tên, đóng dấu xác nhận) CHỦ NHIỆM ĐỀ TÀI (Ký tên) Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 01/2018 nanoSiO2 nanoSiO2 0,075% (w/v) phút 150 30 ngày ; C 25 ngày 250C cao BM20-QT QLKH Trang i TÓM T T i TÀI M U T NG QUAN TÀI LI U 1.1 T ng quan v chu i 1.1.1 Ngu n g c phân b 1.1.2 Các gi ng chu i Vi t Nam 1.1.3 Các tiêu chu n ch ng c a qu chu i 1.1.4 o qu n chu c s d ng hi n 1.2 Nano SiO2 11 1.2.1 Các ng d ng c a nano SiO2: 13 1.2.2 Gi i h n cho phép c a nano SiO2 th c ph m 14 1.3 Gi i thi u v chitosan 15 1.3.1 Kh t c a chitosan 16 1.3.2 K t h p cu chitosan nano SiO2 b o qu n rau qu sau thu ho ch 16 1.4 Tình hình nghiên c c v ng d ng chitosan nanoSiO2 b o qu n rau qu 17 1.4.1 Nghiên c c 17 1.4.2 Nghiên c u n c 19 I DUNG NGHIÊN C U 21 2.1 V t li u nghiên c u 21 2.1.1 Th m nghiên c u 21 2.1.2 V t li u nghiên c u 21 2.1.3 Hóa ch t thí nghi m 22 2.1.4 Thi t b thí nghi m 23 2.2 N i dung nghiên c u 23 2.2.1 N i dung 1: Kh o sát t l ph i tr n thích h p gi a chitosan nano SiO2 24 2.2.2 N i dung 2: Kh o sát ng th i gian nhúng ch ph m chitosan nano SiO2 n th i gian b o qu n chu i sau thu ho ch 26 2.2.3 N i dung 3: Kh o sát nhi b o qu n thích h p cho chu i sau bao màng 27 u 27 2.2.5 lý s li u: 28 K T QU VÀ TH O LU N 29 3.1 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo t l khác 29 3.1.1 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo t l khác nhi 15oC 29 3.1.1.1 S i màu s c v qu chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan nanoSiO2 theo t ng t l ph i tr n khác 15oC 29 l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 ) o th i gian b o qu n 15 C 32 3.1.1.3 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 ng Vitamin C (mg%) th i gian b o qu n 15oC 34 3.1.1.4 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 n s i hàm BM20-QT QLKH Trang ii ng t ng (mg/g) c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 15oC 35 3.1.1.5 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 n s hao h t kh i ng c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 15oC 37 m quan c a chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 nhi 150C 38 3.1.2 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo t l khác nhi 25oC 40 3.1.2.1 S i màu s c v qu chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan nanoSiO2 theo t ng t l ph i tr n khác 25oC 40 l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 ) o th i gian b o qu n 25 C 43 3.1.2.3 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 ng Vitamin C (mg%) th i gian b o qu n 25oC 44 3.1.2.4 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 n s i hàm o ng t ng (mg/g) c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 25 C 46 3.1.2.5 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan nanoSiO2 n s hao h t kh i ng c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 25oC 47 m quan c a chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 nhi 25 C 48 3.2 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo th i gian nhúng khác 50 3.2.1 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo th i gian nhúng khác 15oC 50 3.2.1.1 S i màu s c v qu chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan nanoSiO2 theo th i gian nhúng khác 15oC 50 a th i gian nhúng ch ph m khác (kg/cm ) th i gian b o qu n 15oC 52 3.2.1.3 ng c a th i gian nhúng khác c a ch ph m chitosannanoSiO2 ng Vitamin C (mg%) th i gian b o qu n 15oC 54 3.2.1.4 ng c a th i gian nhúng khác c a ch ph m chitosannanoSiO2 n s ng t ng (mg/g) c a chu i th i gian o b o qu n 15 C 56 3.2.1.5 ng c a th i gian nhúng khác c a ch ph m chitosannanoSiO2 n s hao h t kh ng c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 15oC 57 m quan c a chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 nhi 150C 58 3.2.2 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo th i gian nhúng khác 25oC 59 3.2.2.1 S i màu s c v qu chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan nanoSiO2 theo th i gian nhúng khác 25oC 59 a th i gian nhúng ch ph m khác (kg/cm2) th i gian b o qu n 25oC 62 3.2.2.3 ng c a th i gian nhúng khác c a ch ph m chitosannanoSiO2 ng Vitamin C (mg%) th i gian b o qu n 25oC 63 3.2.2.4 ng c a th i gian nhúng khác c a ch ph m chitosannanoSiO2 n s ng t ng (mg/g) c a chu i th i gian BM20-QT QLKH Trang iii 25oC 65 ng c a th i gian nhúng khác c a ch ph m chitosann s hao h t kh ng c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 25oC 66 m quan c a chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 nhi 25 C 67 3.3 Quá trình b o qu n chu i b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 theo th i gian b o qu n 150C, 200C, 250C 69 3.3.1 S i màu s c v qu chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan nanoSiO2 0 15 C, 20 C, 25 C 69 3.3.2 S i gian b o qu n 150C, 200C, 250C 71 3.3.3 S ng Vitamin C (mg%) th i gian b o qu n 150C, 0 20 C, 25 C 72 3.3.4 S ng t ng (mg/g) c a chu i th i gian b o 0 qu n 15 C, 20 C, 25 C 73 3.3.5 Hao h t kh ng c a chu i th i gian b o qu n 150C, 200C, 25 C 74 m quan c a chu i b o qu n b ng chitosan k t h p nanoSiO2 nhi 15 C, 200C, 250C 75 ng silic trái chu i x lý b ng màng chitosan nanoSiO2 theo th i gian b o qu n nhi 150C, 200C, 250C 77 3.5 Quy trình ng d ng ch ph m chitosan-nanoSiO2 x lý b o qu n chu i sau thu ho ch 78 80 4.1 K t lu n 80 4.2 Ki n ngh 80 TÀI LI U THAM KH O 81 PH L C b o qu n 3.2.2.5 nanoSiO2 BM20-QT QLKH Trang iv Tên BVTV EU Liên Minh châu Âu FAO GMO GMP HDPE MA LDPE PEG Polyethylene Glycols TCVN BM20-QT QLKH Trang v Stt Tên Trang 2003 1.1 2.1 22 2.2 SiO2 nano SiO2 thích 2.3 2.4 sau bao màng 3.1 nanoSiO2 15oC 3.4 3.5 36 150C nanoSiO2 3.6 37 15oC nanoSiO2 3.7 39 C Giá 40 25oC nanoSiO2 Giá 41 25oC nanoSiO2 nanoSiO2 3.10 25oC 3.11 nanoSiO2 BM20-QT QLKH 33 34 15oC nanoSiO2 3.9 31 15oC (kg/cm2 3.3 3.8 30 Giá nanoSiO2 26 27 15oC nanoSiO2 3.2 25 43 44 25oC Trang vi 3.12 46 o nanoSiO2 25 C 3.13 47 25oC nanoSiO2 ng c a t l ph i tr n chitosan k t h p v i nanoSiO2 3.14 a trái chu i trình b o qu n 3.15 3.16 nanoSiO2 15oC nanoSiO2 15oC 51 nanoSiO2 15oC 3.19 56 o nanoSiO2 15 C 3.20 57 15oC nanoSiO2 3.21 nanoSiO2 25oC nanoSiO2 25oC 60 Giá 61 nanoSiO2 25oC Vitamin C (mg%) 3.25 nanoSiO2 25oC nanoSiO2 o 3.26 3.27 nanoSiO2 BM20-QT QLKH 59 C Giá 3.24 53 54 15oC nanoSiO2 49 50 Giá 3.18 3.23 250C Giá 3.17 3.22 n ch t 62 63 65 25 C 66 25oC Trang vii ng c a th i gian nhúng ch ph m chitosan k t h p v i nanoSiO2 3.28 n ch 3.29 3.30 a trái chu i trình b o qu n 69 150C, 200C, 250C Giá 70 150C, 200C, 250C nanoSiO2 150C, 200C, 250C 3.32 15oC, 200C, 250C nanoSiO2 3.33 nanoSiO2 3.34 nanoSiO2 3.35 68 25 C Giá 3.31 71 72 73 150C, 200C, 250C 74 150C, 200C, 250C a chu i b o qu n nhi 150C, 200C, 76 25 C 3.36 BM20-QT QLKH nanoSiO2 C, 200C, 250C Trang viii 77 BM20-QT QLKH Trang BM20-QT QLKH Trang BM20-QT QLKH Trang OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal BM20-QT QLKH Trang 10 Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Error 12 5.982 0.499 Total 17 820.775 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.706069 99.27% 98.97% 98.36% Means 46.7233 0.0058 (45.8351, 47.6115) 42.2600 0.0100 (41.3718, 43.1482) 3 40.6800 0.0100 (39.7918, 41.5682) 39.1533 0.0058 (38.2651, 40.0415) 37.1400 0.0265 (36.2518, 38.0282) 57.403 1.729 ( 56.515, 58.292) Pooled StDev = 0.706069 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 57.403 A 46.7233 42.2600 C 3 40.6800 CD 39.1533 D 37.1400 B E Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Significance l Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values BM20-QT QLKH Trang 11 Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value 16 Error 12 0.0298 0.0025 Total 17 64.1000 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0498331 99.95% 99.93% 99.90% Means 16 Mean StDev 95% CI 55.6233 0.0058 (55.5606, 55.6860) 53.0267 0.0208 (52.9640, 53.0894) 3 52.2600 0.0866 (52.1973, 52.3227) 51.8500 0.0458 (51.7873, 51.9127) 50.7200 0.0693 (50.6573, 50.7827) 49.6233 0.0058 (49.5606, 49.6860) Pooled StDev = 0.0498331 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 16 55.6233 A 53.0267 3 52.2600 51.8500 50.7200 49.6233 B C D E F Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value BM20-QT QLKH Trang 12 Error 12 0.0167 0.0014 Total 17 76.3520 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0372678 99.98% 99.97% 99.95% Means 24 48.4000 0.0346 (48.3531, 48.4469) 47.1567 0.0451 (47.1098, 47.2035) 3 45.2567 0.0252 (45.2098, 45.3035) 44.1733 0.0208 (44.1265, 44.2202) 44.0600 0.0600 (44.0131, 44.1069) 42.1967 0.0208 (42.1498, 42.2435) Pooled StDev = 0.0372678 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 24 48.4000 A 47.1567 3 45.2567 44.1733 44.0600 E_ 42.1967 F B C D Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values 2, 3, 4, 5, Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Error 12 0.151 0.0125 Total 17 250.466 BM20-QT QLKH Trang 13 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.112002 99.94% 99.91% 99.86% Means 34.5367 0.0907 (34.3958, 34.6776) 28.8500 0.0100 (28.7091, 28.9909) 3 25.9033 0.0153 (25.7624, 26.0442) 25.1667 0.0058 (25.0258, 25.3076) 24.1333 0.1155 (23.9924, 24.2742) 23.767 0.231 ( 23.626, 23.908) Pooled StDev = 0.112002 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 34.5367 A 28.8500 3 25.9033 25.1667 D_ 24.1333 E 23.767 F B C Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Significance Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value 16 nga Error 12 0.0081 0.0007 Total 17 94.0793 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0260342 99.99% 99.99% BM20-QT QLKH 99.98% Trang 14 Means 16 N Mean StDev 95% CI 43.2433 0.0404 (43.2106, 43.2761) 45.6567 0.0289 (45.6239, 45.6894) 3 45.2867 0.0153 (45.2539, 45.3194) 43.9767 0.0252 (43.9439, 44.0094) 41.2533 0.0058 (41.2206, 41.2861) 39.1200 0.0265 (39.0873, 39.1527) Pooled StDev = 0.0260342 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 16 45.6567 A 3 45.2867 43.9767 43.2433 41.2533 39.1200 B C D E F Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs One-way ANOVA: Chi so b* ba Method Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Error 12 0.0045 0.00037 Total 17 36.7338 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0192931 99.99% 99.98% 99.97% Means 24 BM20-QT QLKH Trang 15 37.6900 0.0100 (37.6657, 37.7143) 42.3867 0.0115 (42.3624, 42.4109) 3 41.1400 0.0265 (41.1157, 41.1643) 40.9133 0.0208 (40.8891, 40.9376) 40.2267 0.0208 (40.2024, 40.2509) 40.0667 0.0208 (40.0424, 40.0909) Pooled StDev = 0.0192931 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 24 42.3867 A 3 41.1400 40.9133 40.2267 40.0667 37.6900 B C D E F Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Error 12 0.000003 0.000000 Total 17 0.000081 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0004778 96.60% 95.18% 92.34% Means 0.150000 0.001000 (0.149399, 0.150601) 0.151733 0.000462 (0.151132, 0.152334) BM20-QT QLKH Trang 16 3 0.153100 0.000100 (0.152499, 0.153701) 0.154000 0.000100 (0.153399, 0.154601) 0.155267 0.000306 (0.154666, 0.155868) 0.156167 0.000208 (0.155566, 0.156768) Pooled StDev = 0.000477842 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 0.156167 A 0.155267 A B 0.154000 BC 3 0.153100 C 0.151733 0.150000 D E Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Significance level Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value 16 Nghi Error 12 0.000002 0.000000 Total 17 0.000248 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0003582 99.38% 99.12% 98.60% Means 16 Mean StDev 95% CI 0.134233 0.000252 (0.133783, 0.134684) 0.137433 0.000379 (0.136983, 0.137884) 3 0.137700 0.000608 (0.137249, 0.138151) 0.139200 0.000200 (0.138749, 0.139651) 0.143400 0.000361 (0.142949, 0.143851) BM20-QT QLKH Trang 17 0.145133 0.000153 (0.144683, 0.145584) Pooled StDev = 0.000358236 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 16 ping 0.145133 A 0.143400 0.139200 3 0.137700 D 0.137433 D 0.134233 B C E Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs OneMethod Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value 471.41 Error 12 0.000003 0.000000 Total 17 0.005244 0.000 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.0004842 99.95% 99.92% 99.88% Means 24 0.119100 0.000100 (0.118491, 0.119709) 0.125267 0.000379 (0.124658, 0.125876) 3 0.126400 0.000361 (0.125791, 0.127009) 0.127233 0.000208 (0.126624, 0.127842) 0.170600 0.001039 (0.169991, 0.171209) 0.1310 0.0000 ( 0.1304, 0.1316) Pooled StDev = 0.000484195 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons BM20-QT QLKH Trang 18 Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence 24 0.170600 A 0.127233 C 3 0.126400 CD 0.125267 D 0.119100 0.1310 B E Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs One-way ANOVA: Ham luong duong tong8ngay 15do versus Nghiem Thuc Method Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Nghiem Thuc 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Nghiem Thuc 37.3166 7.46333 287.05 Error 12 0.3120 0.02600 Total 17 37.6286 0.000 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.161245 99.17% 98.83% 98.13% Means Nghiem Thuc N Mean StDev 95% CI 15.8200 0.1311 (15.6172, 16.0228) 14.5667 0.0577 (14.3638, 14.7695) 3 14.3733 0.1102 (14.1705, 14.5762) 13.5667 0.1528 (13.3638, 13.7695) 13.000 0.173 ( 12.797, 13.203) 11.200 0.265 ( 10.997, 11.403) Pooled StDev = 0.161245 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence Nghiem Thuc N Mean Grouping 15.8200 A BM20-QT QLKH Trang 19 14.5667 B 3 14.3733 B 13.5667 C 13.000 D 11.200 E Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs One-way ANOVA: Ham luong duong tong16ngay 15do versus Nghiem Thuc Method Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Equal variances were assumed for the analysis Factor Information Factor Levels Values Nghiem Thuc 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Analysis of Variance Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Nghiem Thuc 26.5500 5.31000 163.55 Error 12 0.3896 0.03247 Total 17 26.9396 0.000 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 0.180185 98.55% 97.95% 96.75% Means Nghiem Thuc N Mean StDev 95% CI 38.800 0.200 ( 38.573, 39.027) 37.600 0.173 ( 37.373, 37.827) 3 37.100 0.173 ( 36.873, 37.327) 36.667 0.208 ( 36.440, 36.893) 36.203 0.200 ( 35.977, 36.430) 34.8567 0.1069 (34.6300, 35.0833) Pooled StDev = 0.180185 Tukey Pairwise Comparisons Grouping Information Using the Tukey Method and 95% Confidence Nghiem Thuc N Mean Grouping 38.800 A 37.600 3 37.100 C 36.667 CD 36.203 D 34.8567 B E BM20-QT QLKH Trang 20 Means that not share a letter are significantly different Tukey Simultaneous 95% CIs BM20-QT QLKH Trang 21