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VINH UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES THÁI THỊ NGÂN NEW YEAR CUSTOMS AND NEW YEAR’S WISHES IN VIETNAMESE AND AMERICAN CULTURES (NĂM MỚI VÀ LỜI CHÚC NĂM MỚI TRONG VĂN HÓA VIỆT – MỸ) GRADUATION THESIS Field: American Study Vinh, 2014 VINH UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES NEW YEAR CUSTOMS AND NEW YEAR’S WISHES IN VIETNAMESE AND AMERICAN CULTURES (NĂM MỚI VÀ LỜI CHÚC NĂM MỚI TRONG VĂN HÓA VIỆT – MỸ) GRADUATION THESIS Field: American Study Student: THÁI THỊ NGÂN, 51B2_ENGLISH Supervisor: LÊ THỊ THÚY HÀ, M.A Vinh, 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I am deeply grateful to my lecturer, Mrs Le Thi Thuy Ha for her advices and corrections, from which I could perfect my study She has put enormous effort into editing and in providing valuable comments My gratitude also goes to all the people who have helped me during the survey I was conducting I would like to take this opportunity to express my thanks to my friend, Nguyen Thi Kieu Oanh who always give me her advices, support and encouragement Vinh, May, 28th , 2014 Thai Thi Ngan i ABSTRACT Culture and the importance of culture influence in language learning has stimulated the author in the study on Vietnamese and American New Year customs and wishes In this article, the author discusses related definitions first, then conducts the survey on 100 random people The similarities and differences between New Year customs as well as New Year wishes in two countries are also dealt with In addition, the author will give some comments on New Year customs and the content of wishes made in languages ii C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an APPROVED Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn iii C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .i ABSTRACT ii APPROVED iii TABLE OF CONTENTS .iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vi CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE OF THE STUDY .1 1.2 PURPOSES OF THE STUDY 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.4 DESIGN OF THE STUDY .2 CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 SPEECH ACTS 2.1.1 Speech Acts and Their Classification .3 2.1.2 Wishing as a Speech acts 2.2 DEFINITION OF LANGUAGE .5 2.3 DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION 2.4 DEFINITION OF CULTURE 2.4.1 Some generals features of Vietnamese Culture and American Culture 2.5 RELATIONSHIP OF LANGUAGE, COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE 2.6 WISHING AS A NEED OF COMMUNICATION .10 CHAPTER METHOD AND PROCEDURE 11 3.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES .11 3.2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 11 3.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS .12 3.4 POPULATION AND SAMPLE 12 3.5 INSTRUMENTS .13 3.6 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE 14 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 15 4.1 NEW YEAR IN VIETNAM 15 4.1.1 General Features of Vietnamese New Year customs 15 4.1.2 Vietnamese New Year Wishes .19 4.1.3 Data analysis of Vietnamese Informants 20 4.2 NEW YEAR IN AMERICA 28 4.2.1 General Features of American New Year customs 28 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn iv C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 4.2.2 American New Year Wishes .34 4.2.3 Data analysis from American Informants 35 4.3 SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES 41 4.3.1 Similarities in New Year Customs 41 4.3.2 Similarities in New Year Wishes 42 4.3.3 Differences in New Year Customs .42 4.3.4 Differences in New Year Wishes 43 4.4 COMMENTS ON NEW YEAR CUSTOMS IN VIETNAM AND AMERICA 44 4.5 COMMENTS ON THE CONTENT OF NEW YEAR WISHES IN VIETNAM AND AMERICA 44 4.5.1 Comments on the Content of Vietnamese New Year wishes 44 4.5.2 Comments on the Content of American New Year Wishes 44 4.6 INFLUENCES OF NEW YEAR CUSTOMS IN VIETNAMESE AND AMERICAN CULTURES ON LEARNING ENGLISH AND KNOWLEDGE EXPANSION .45 CHAPTER CONCLUSION 46 5.1 CONCLUSIONS 46 5.2 LIMITATIONS .46 5.3 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 47 REFERENCES 48 APPENDIX Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn v C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES In American Table 2: American informants 13 Chart 1: How excited American people are when New Year coming 35 Chart 2: How important New Year to American people .36 Chart 3: How long American people think New Year should last 36 Chart 4: How different between American New Year in the past and now 37 Chart 5: factor(s) influence(s) American’s wishes 37 Chart 6: How American peoples express their wishes 38 In Vietnamese Table 1: Vietnamese informants 12 Chart 1: How excited Vietnamese people are when New Year coming 20 Chart 2: How important New Year to Vietnamese people .21 Chart 3: How long Vietnamese people think New Year should last 22 Chart 4: How different between Vietnamese New Year in the past and now .22 Chart 5: Factor(s) influence(s) Vietnamese’s wishes 23 Chart 6: How Vietnamese people express their wishes 24 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn vi C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE OF THE STUDY Nowadays, it is undeniable that English is the most popular foreign language in Vietnam English to many people is considered to be a lifeboat for survival In order to serve many purposes like getting a good job, knowing about other cultures, communicating with foreigners, and the demand of learning English is growing continuously Students, since the first day learning English, have been mainly taught structures, forms and provided materials that may useful for them to perfect their pronunciation, be able to deliver real, meaningful contents However, when students want to use their language skills in real international situations then having good cultural awareness would be a great advantage In order to obtain the aim of using the language effectively, mastering of both the language itself and the culture is crucial It is believed that understanding culture help learner become more confident and successful in communicating In short, Culture is such an important element in each country, especially in this integrated world where people from different cultures, beliefs and religions come to work together Out of all the special occasions New Year is the most meaningful one which memorizes an old year and welcomes a new period of time with lots of hopes, wishes for a luckier and better year New Year wishes greetings, especially, get the author’s concerns the most Many people might understand the customs, might know what it takes to have a wonderful New Year festival, but probably, not many of them would be able to use new year greetings and wishes appropriately Besides, American culture was a course in school syllabus, through this thesis the author wants to re-affirm what she has studied about this particular field Those reasons above are why the author chose the topic “New Year Customs and New Year’s Wishes in Vietnamese and American culture” 1.2 PURPOSES OF THE STUDY This graduation paper is designed to discuss both New Year customs and New Year wishes that people celebrating and giving to each other in Vietnam as well as in America and take them into comparisons Main purposes of this study are: - To review what the author has learnt at school Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an - To learn how people celebrate New Year in Vietnam and in America - To emphasize the importance of New Year occasion and New Year wishes in two countries Vietnam and America - To clarify the similarities and differences of new year and new year greetings in these two cultures 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY As we know, American and Vietnamese New Year customs are too big to get deep into the analysis in great details Therefore, this graduation paper just focuses on what New Year is and the wishes people give in two countries America is really big and known as a mixed-cultures country, however, the author of this graduation thesis only writes about the traditional New Year custom in United States overall and in ome popular states 1.4 DESIGN OF THE STUDY This study is divided into main chapters: Chapter 1: Introduction This particular part deals with the rationale, aims and objectives, the methods using in this research, scope and format of the study Chapter 2: Literature review and theoretical background the discussion of related theories will be mentioned Chapter 3: Method and Procedure Aims and Objectives, Research methodology, Research questions, Description of Population and Sample Instruments, Data collection, Data analysis are covered in this part Chapter 4: Discussion and findings All the data collected will be analyzed in this chapter, then based on the result the author will give comments on New Year customs in the two countries as well as New Year wishes and clarify the similarities and differences Chapter 5: Conclusion This part will discuss about the limitations of this study and suggestion for further researches References Appendixes Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an CHAPTER CONCLUSION 5.1 CONCLUSIONS Traditions and customs, undoubtedly, play an important role in each country in which New Year custom would definitely be the special one Vietnamese and American New Year customs are interesting and meaningful which made the author interested in The author has investigated on how New Year is celebrated in two countries Vietnam and America generally and some regions and states particularly and how they make wishes to varying recipients in such different cultures Questionnaires were given out to people randomly then analyzed by the author by charts and tables There are six pie charts represented six questions for each country Those questions are about the excitement of people toward New Year, New Year’s importance, length, the differences between New Year in the past and now, influencing factors on making wishes, and its ways Another two tables are the collected wishes from the survey Through those figures, findings of similarities and differences in both New Year customs and wishes in two countries are discussed The author showed biggest similarities and demonstrated the differences in particular aspects For the purpose of making it easier to capture the ideas, the author brought up some examples from the survey Hopefully, the author can achieve one of the aims through this paper which is people from both countries can better their understandings and strengthen the relation as well as exchange the interesting culture features, especially in New Year customs This graduation paper is a research on New Year customs and wishes on this occasion in Vietnamese and American culture They were taken into comparison for the purposes of making clearer about customs in each country The author thinks having a good understanding and background about people and country of Vietnam and America will be a key to get to know more about the two countries The author hopes that readers will find this study helpful and interesting so that you can easily overcome cultural barrier as well as culture shock to access to the world 5.2 LIMITATIONS Although the author has put a lot of efforts on conducting this research, she is aware that this paper still remains mistakes and has no perfection Due to the limitation of time, the author could not get deep into each region in Vietnam as well as each state Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 46 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an in United States Moreover, United State is known as a country of immigration where people from different places in the world coming and bringing their own cultures That is a disadvantage for the author when she wanted to bring what is real American and American culture to the readers 5.3 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH Since the author finished this study, she has actually thought that what she has done is just so small There are still a lot more issues need to be taken to serious researches Thus, further study could be about: Wishes on other occasions such as birthday, wedding and so on, New Year in Vietnam and Britain Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 47 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an REFERENCES [1] Sadock, J.M (1974) Toward a linguistic theory of speech acts New York: Academic Press [2] Horn, L & Ward,G (2007) Handbook of Pragmatics Oxford : John Wiley & Sons [3] John,R S (1969) Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language Cambridge University Press [4] Kroeber,A & Kluckhohn,C ( 1952) Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions Kraus Reprint.Co [5] Vượng, T.Q (1998) Việt Nam Cái Nhìn Địa Văn Hóa NXB Văn Hóa – Dân Tộc [6] Timothy Shopen (ed.) Language Typology and Syntactic Description Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [7] Jaworowska, J Speech Act Theory Retrieved October 5, 2014, from http://instructional1.calstatela.edu/lkamhis/tesl565_sp04/troy/spchact.htm#The Meaning of Speech Acts [8] Brown, P., & Levinson, S (1978) Universals in language usage: Politeness phenomena In E N Goody (Ed.), Questions and politeness: Strategies in social interactions (pp 56-289) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [9] Thêm, T.N (2006) Tìm Về Bản Sắc Văn Hóa Việt Nam NXB Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh [10] Chomsky, N 1957 Syntactic Structures The Hague: Mouton [11] DeVito, J A (1986) The communication handbook: A dictionary New York: Harper & Row Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 48 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an APPENDIX BẢN ĐIỀU TRA Câu hỏi khảo sát phục vụ cho đề tài nghiên cứu “Năm lời chúc năm người Mỹ người Việt.” Xin quý vị bớt chút thời gian trả lời giúp câu hỏi Chúng cam đoan không nêu danh quý vị trường hợp Xin chân thành cảm ơn quý vị! I Xin quý vị cho biết cách điền vào chỗ trống thông tin sau: Tỉnh/ Thành phố ………………………… Tuổi ………………………… Nghề nghiệp: ………………………… Nơi sống lâu nhất: Thành thị / Nơng thơn Giới tính : Nam/ Nữ Những ngoại ngữ mà quý vị biết ( Xin quý vị cho biết rõ ngoại ngữ mức độ khá, giỏi, trung bình yếu) ……………………………………………………………………………………… II Câu hỏi Qúy vị có cảm thấy hồi hộp, hứng thú tết đến xuân về? a Rất hồi hộp hứng thú b hồi hộp hứng thú c Không hồi hộp, hứng thú d câu trả lời khác Tết Việt có tầm quan trọng quý vị? a Rất quan trọng b Khá quan trọng c Không quan trọng d câu trả lời khác Theo suy nghĩ quý vị Tết việt nam thường kéo dài bao lâu? Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 49 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an a tháng b tuần c ngày c.3 ngày d.1 câu trả lời khác Theo quý vị Tết việt xưa có khác nhau? a Khác hoàn toàn b Cũng khác, khác chút c Không khác d ý kiến khác Quý vị chúc mừng năm người sau nào? a Bạn thân quý vị …………………………………………………………… b Bạn đồng nghiệp tuổi với quý vị …………………………………………………………… c.Bạn đồng nghiệp quý vị tuổi …………………………………………………………… c.Bạn đồng nghiệp quý vị 10tuổi …………………………………………………………… d Bạn đồng nghiệp lớn quý vị tuổi d Bạn đồng nghiệp lớn quý vị 10 tuổi …………………………………………………………… e Người quen …………………………………………………………… f Anh (chị) em …………………………………………………………… g Cấp tuổi với quý vị …………………………………………………………… h Cấp quý vị tuổi …………………………………………………………… Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 50 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an h Cấp quý vị 10 tuổi …………………………………………………………… i Cấp lớn quý vị tuổi …………………………………………………………… i Cấp lớn quý vị 10 tuổi …………………………………………………………… Nhân tố nhân tố sau ảnh hưởng tới việc chúc mừng quý vị ( Quý vị đánh số theo trật tự quan trọng) a Vị quyền lực b Tuổi tác c Thành viên gia đình d Giới tính e Các nhân tố khác Quý vị chúc mừng người khác cách nào? a Chỉ băng lời nói b Thiếp mừng với lời nói c Quà tặng với lời nói d Hoa với lời nói e Tiền thứ khác với lời nói Xin chân thành cảm ơn giúp đỡ quý vị! Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 51 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE The questionnaire is specially designed for the research into a analysis of New Year customs and New year wishes in Vietnam and America Any information is confidentially treated in such a way that informants cannot be identified I Please fill in the following information: State/province: ………………………………… Age: ……………………………… Gender: Male or Female Marital Status: Single or married Occupation: ……………………………… Acquisition of language(s) other than your mother tongue (excellent/ good/ fair/ poor Please specify what languages(s)) ……………………………………………………………………………………… II Questionnaires Are you excited when New Year coming in your country? a Extremely b A little c Not at all d others How important is New Year celebration to you? a Extremely b A little c Not at all d others In your opinion, How long does American New Year last for? a month b days c days d others Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 52 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an In your opinion, How different American New Year in the past and nowadays? a Totally different b Slightly different c Not different d others What would you say to wish the following person at Christmas? a She/ he is your close friend ………………………………………………………………………… b your colleague who is same age as you ………………………………………………………………………… b your colleague who is years younger than you ………………………………………………………………………… b your colleague who is 10 years younger than you ………………………………………………………………………… b your colleague who is years older than you ………………………………………………………………………… b your colleague who is 10 years older than you ………………………………………………………………………… c She/ he is your acquaintance ………………………………………………………………………… d She/ he is your brother/ sister ………………………………………………………………………… e your boss who is same age as you ………………………………………………………………………… e your boss who is years older than you ………………………………………………………………………… e your boss who is 10 years older than you ………………………………………………………………………… e your boss who is years younger than you ………………………………………………………………………… Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 53 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an e your boss who is 10 years younger than you ………………………………………………………………………… Which factor(s) influence(s) your wishes? (Please number in order of importance) a Power status b Age c Gender d Family members e Others How you express your wish? a Expressing in words b Sending cards with wishing words c Giving presents with wishing words d Presenting flowers with wishing words e Money with wising words Thank you very much for your kindness! Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 54 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Table 1&2: Some Wishes Vietnamese and American people giving to different recipients on New Year Occasion Age group Recipients Wishes Close friends Chúc mày sang năm học giỏi gặp nhiều may mắn Năm đến, tao chúc mày đạt ước mơ mà mày mong muốn Colleages >19 Chúc sang năm cơng việc thuận buồm xi gió Chúc cậu tiền vào nước song Đà tiền nhỏ giọt cà phê phin Chúc bạn sang năm học giỏi, Chúc bạn thi tốt, Accquaitances Chúc mừng năm Chúc năm an khang thịnh vượng Brother/sister Chúc anh/chị/em mạnh khỏe, hạnh phúc Chúc cu Bi hay ăn chóng lớn, nhiều lì xì Chúc anh hai sang năm gặt hái nhiều thành công Chị yêu ơi, sang năm chị cố gắng học giỏi để thi đậu đại học years older Nhân dịp năm chúc anh/chị sức khỏe dồi dào, Boss làm ăn phát đạt, tài lộc Nhân dịp năm mới, em chúc anh/chị gia đình mạnh khỏe, gặp nhiều may mắn 10 years olders Chúc bác gia đình năm an khang thịnh vượng, Sang năm mới, cháu chúc bác gia đình mạnh khỏe, an khang thịnh vượng Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 55 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Cháu kính chúc ông bà sống lâu trăm tuổi The elder Chúc ông bà sức khỏe dồi Chúc cậu năm thật nhiều điều ý nghĩa, Close friends Chúc cậu sang năm nhanh tìm người yêu chúc vợ chồng cu Tí năm vui vẻ, tràn ngập niềm vui Chúc bạn sang năm mới: Tiền vô nước Coleagues Sức khỏe dồi Chúc anh/chị/bạn thăng quan tiến chức Accquitances Chúc mừng năm Brother/sister Chúc anh/chị/em sang năm gặp nhiều niềm vui may mắn Chúc em gái sang năm học giỏi 20-30 Chúc chị dâu mẹ trịn vng, chúc gia đình bác sang năm làm ăn gặp nhiều may mắn” Same age Boss Chúc sếp gia đình năm nhiều thắng lợi years older Chúc anh chị gia đình năm an khang Nhân dịp năm em chúc anh/chị gia đình tài lộc 10 years older Nhân dịp năm mới, Chúc anh/chị gia đinh năm tồn gia bình an, an khang thịnh vượng Cầu mong ông bà sống lâu trăm tuổi The elder Close friends Chúc ông bà sức khỏe dồi dào, bách niên giai lão Chúc ông bà làm ăn gặp nhiều may mắn, tồn gia bình an Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 56 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Colleagues Younger 30< Chúc cô/cậu sang năm làm ăn phát đạt Chúc em năm tiền đầy túi, tình đầy tim Chúc em gia đình mạnh khỏe, ăn nên làm years older Chúc anh/chị sang năm làm ăn phát đạt 10 years older Chúc anh chị manh khỏe, tồn gia bình an Chúc trẻ không già Accquitances Chúc năm vui vẻ, nhiều may mắn Brother/sister Chúc anh/chị/em năm hạnh phúc, nhiều may mắn Boss years younger Chúc em sang năm công việc suôn sẻ, nghiệp mĩ mãn 10 years Sang năm chúc em gặt hái nhiều thành younger công years older Chúc anh/chị làm ăn ngày cang phát đạt, 10 years older Chúc anh chị gia đình mạnh khỏe, an khang thịnh vượng, vạn ý Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 57 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Age group Recipients Wishes >19 Close friends Happy new year honey I hope the New Year is the best one to you my sweetie Colleages - Hope you have the best year ever - I hope you have a great new year and all your wishes come true - As the New Year begins, let us pray, that it will be a year with new peace, new happiness, and abundance of new friends, God bless you throughout the New Year Happy New Year Accquaitances Happy new year! Brother/sister Happy New Year, are you staying up until midnight? Boss years older Wish you a happy new year 10 years olders Wishing you a year that is filled with all the fragrance of roses, illuminated with all the lights of the world and be blessed with all the smiles on the planet Hope this year will be the year when all your dreams come true 20-30 Close friends Coleagues New year is around the corner Bring up your drinks and lets rock this new year eve party like never before May you discover all your hidden potentials this New Year and turn them into delightful ventures bringing you fame and finances to rejoice Accquitances Happy new year Brother/sister The New Year has to be better than the last Boss Same age May you always look ahead this New Year without being held back by any backlog so that when you finally reach your destination you can look back upon the memories with fondness and at leisure Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 58 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an years On this New Year I wish that you have a wonderful older January, a lovely February, a Peaceful March, a stress-free April, a fun-filled May, and Joy that lasts from June to November, and finally a happy December May my wishes come true and may you have a charming and lucky New Year 10 years As the New Year approaches us with hopes anew, here is older wishing you and your family a wonderful year ahead Happy New Year Close friends On this New Year, may you change your direction and not dates, change your commitments and not the Calendar, change your attitude and not the actions, and bring about a change in your faith, your force and your focus and not the fruit May you live up to the promises you have made and may you create for you and your loved ones the most Happy New Year ever 30< Colleagues Younger There are things that are sometimes left undone and there are things that can be left sometimes unsaid There are things that can be sometimes left unsaid, but wishing someone like you can't ever be left, so I take this moment to wish you and your loved ones a joyous and wonderful New Year years older Let us leave behind sadness, regrets and painful moments and have a new start full of joy this new year 10 years older Wishing you a year that is filled with all the fragrance of roses, illuminated with all the lights of the world and be blessed with all the smiles on the planet Accquitances Happy new Year! Brother/sister It is never too late to start again but yes it is always very early when one gives up Happy New Year Boss As the new year renews all the happiness and good tidings, hope the joyful spirit keeps glowing in the your heart forever! Happy New Year! years younger Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn 59 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn
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