This study sought to determine the principals’ leadership styles and instructional variables affecting the performance of high schools and with an end view of developing a strategic action plan at Hai Phong City, Vietnam, for school year 20122013. The descriptive method of research was employed to 896 respondents drawn from 14 high schools in the city. The instrument used for the types of leadership styles was adapted from the questionnaire of Clark (2002), and instructional variables from that of Mentilla (2011). It was found out that the leadership styles of the respondent principals are authoritative with 3.34 AWM (sometimes carried out); democratic (3.81, oftentimes carried out); and delegative (3.52, oftentimes carried out). The instructional variables that may affect high schools’ performance are selfregulated learners with 2.93 AWM (
PRINCIPALS’L E A D E R S H I P S T Y L E A N D INSTRUCTIONALV ARIABLESAFFECTINGTHEPERFORMANCEOF HIGHSCHOOLSATHAIPHONGCITY,VIETNAM ADissertationPresentedto theFaculty oftheGraduateSchool SouthernLuzonStateUniversity,Lucban,Quez on, Philippi nesinCollaborationwith ThaiNguyenUniversity,SocialistRepublicofVietNam InPartialFulfillmentoftheR equirementsfortheDegreeD octorofPhilosophy inEducationalManagement By NGUYENK I M P H A (Henry) November2013 APPROVALSHEET TheDissertationof NGUYENK I M P H A (Henry) entitled PRINCIPALS’LEADERSHIPSTYLEANDINSTRUCTIONAL VARIABLESAFFECTINGTHEPERFORMANCEOF HIGHSCHOOLS ATHAIP H O N G CITY,VIETNAM SubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequir ementsfortheDegree DoctorofPhilosophyinEducationalManagement IntheGraduateSchool SouthernLuzonStateUniversity,RepublicofthePhilippine sincollaborationwith ThaiNguyenUniversity,SocialistRepublicofVietnam hasbeenapprovedbytheCommittee _ Member Member _ Chairman DR.TERESITAV.DE L A CRUZ Adviser DR.APOLONIA A.E S P I N O S A Dean,G r a d u a t e Sc hool Acceptedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementsfort h e degree Doctorof P h i l o s o p h y i n E d u c a t i o n a l M a n a g e m e n t WALBERTOM A C A R A N A N , E d D VicePresident,AcademicAffairs _ Date ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Theresearcherwishestoconveyhisgratitudetothefollowingpersonswhow holeheartedlydevotedandhelpedmakethispieceofworkareality: DR.TERESITAV.DELACRUZ ,heradviserfortheguidance,supervision,suggestions and precious time in enthusiastically reading and checking themanuscript,providingtheresearcherusefulmaterials; DR CECILIA N GASCON,President of the Southern Luzon State University in theRepublicofthe Philippines, forherincomparablecontributionandsupporttothedevelopmentofDoctorofPhilos ophyinEducationalManagementprograminThaiNguyenUniversity; DR NGUYEN VAN BINH,Director of the International Training Center, ThaiNguyenUniversityofSocialistRepublicofVietnam,forhisenormouspursuittop rovideVietnamesepeopleanopportunitytogrowthrougheducation; MEMBERS OFTHE ORALEXAMINATION COMMITTEE, for their commentsandsuggestions thatm a d e thisresearchpossible; HEADMASTERS of high schools at Hai Phong City, for their cooperation in theconductofthestudy; TheDirectoro f HaiPhongCityE d u c a t i o n a n d T r a i n i n g Department,andthe EducationS p e c i a l i s t ,forthesupportduringtheconductofthesurvey Teachersrespondents ,fortheira c t i v e i n v o l v e m e n t a n d p a r t i c i p a t i o n f o r w i t h o u t theircooperation,theresultofthisthesismightnotbepossible; His family and friends, for the love and support in one way or another; and to all whohavecontributedtomakethisstudyasuccess NKP DEDICATION Thisresearchiswhole-heartedly dedicatedtomy family andtoallmyrelatives, my colleagues and friends, and to all classmates, all headmasters andteachersofhighschoolsofHaiPhongforgivingtheresearcherthenon-stop guidanceandsourcesofeverything NKP TABLEO F CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE… i APPROVALSHEET .ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT iii DEDICATION… iv TABLEOFCONTENTS .v LISTOFTABLES… vii FIGURE… viii ABSTRACT… .ix CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION……………………………… BackgroundoftheStudy…………………… ……………………… Objectives oftheStudy….….………………………….……………… Hypothesis……………………………………………………………… SignificanceoftheStudy………………… ………… …………… ScopeandLimitation………………………………… … ………… DefinitionsofTerms………………………………….…….… …… CHAPTER2 REVIEWOFRELATEDLITERATUREANDSTUDIES.…… …… 11 LeadershipStyles…….………………………………………… 11 AuthoritativeorAutocraticStyle…….……………………………… 14 DemocraticorParticipativeStyle…….……………………………… 15 DelegativeorLaissezFaireStyle…….……………………………… 18 InstructionalVariables…….……………………………… 21 Self-regulatedlearners… … … … … … … … … … … … … … 21 TeacherCharateristics…….……………………………… 23 TechnologyandLearning…….……………………………… 25 ClassroomClimate…….……………………………… 28 MotivationinDiversity…….……………………………… 29 SchoolPerformance…….……………………………… 32 TheoreticalFramework…….……………………………… 34 ResearchParadigm…………………………………….……………… 35 CHAPTER3 RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY…………………………………… 37 ResearchDesign.……………………….…………………………… 37 PopulationandSampling……………………………………… … 37 ResearchInstrumentation………………………….………………… 38 DataGatheringProcedures……………………………………… 39 StatisticalTreatment…………………………….………………… 39 CHAPTER4 RESULTS ANDDISCUSSION…………………………………….… 42 LeadershipStylesofPrincipals…………………………………….… 42 Instructional VariablesthatInfluenceHighSchools’Performance 48 LeadershipStyleandInstructionalVariables……… 57 PerformanceofHighSchoolsinHaiPhongCity,VietNam 62 InstructionalVariablesandHighSchools’Performance 63 ProposedStrategicActionPlan 66 CHAPTER5 SUMMARY,CONCLUSIONSANDRECOMMENDATIONS … 72 Summary…………………………….…………………………… 72 Findings………………………………………………………………… 73 Conclusions…………………………………………………….…….… 75 Recommendations…………………………………………… ……… 77 BIBLIOGRAPHY….…….……………………………………………………… 78 APPENDICES…………………………………………………………… …… AC o m m u n i c a t i o n … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 81 BI n s t r u m e n t ………………………………………………… ………… CURRICULUMVITAE……… ……………………………………………… 82 88 LISTO F TABLES Table 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 Page Frequency andWeightedMeanDistributiononHeadmasters’LeadershipS t y l e s as to AuthoritativeSt yle ……………………… Frequency andWeightedMeanDistributiononHeadmasters’Leadershipa s t oDem ocra tic Style……………………………… Frequency andWeightedMeanDistributiononHeadmasters’Leadershipa s t oD e l e g a t i v e Style……………………………… 43 44 46 48 2.2 FrequencyandWeightedMeanDistributionofInstructionalVariablesastoSelfregulatedLearners………………………… 50 FrequencyandWeightedMeanDistributionofInstructionalVariablesastoTeach erCharacteristics………………………… 52 FrequencyandWeightedMeanDistributionofInstructionalVariablesastoClassr oomClimate……………………………… 53 FrequencyandWeightedMeanDistributionofInstructionalVariablesastoTechn ologyandLearning……………………… 55 FrequencyandWeightedMeanDistributionofInstructionalVariablesastoMotiv ationinDiversity…………………………… 57 CorrelationofAuthoritativeLeadershipStyletoInstructionalVariables… ………………………………………………………… 58 Correlation of Democratic Leadership Style to InstructionalVariables……………………………………………… …………… 60 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.3 5.1 5.2 Correlation of Delegative Leadership Style to InstructionalVariables……………………………………………… …………… HaiPhongCity,VietNamHighSchools’Performance from2008-2013…………………………………………………… PredictorofHighSchools’PerformanceastoInstructionalVariables in termsofMotivationinDiversity…………………… PredictorofHighSchools’PerformanceastoInstructionalVariables in termsofintermsofClassroomClimate…………… 62 64 65 FIGURE Figure Page ResearchParadigm 35 vii i ABSTRACT TitleofResearch :PRINCIPALS’L E A D E R S H I P S T Y L E S ANDI N S T R U C T I O N A L VARIABLES AFFECTINGT H E P E R F O R M A N C E OFH I G H SCHO OLSATH A I P H O N G CI TY , V I E T N A M Researcher :NGUYENK I M P H A (Henry) DegreeConferred :Doctor of PhilosophyinEducational ManagementName/Address :SouthernLuzonStateUniversity ofInstitution Lucban, QuezonAdviser :DR.T E R E S I T A V.D E L A CRUZ YearWritten 2013 Thisstudysoughttodeterminetheprincipals’leadershipstylesandinstructional variables affecting the performance of high schools andwith an endv i e w of developing a strategic action plan at Hai Phong City, Vietnam, for school year2012-2013 The descriptive method of research was employed to 896 respondentsdrawn from 14highschools in thecity Theinstrumentusedfor thetypes ofleadershipstyleswasadaptedfromthequestionnaireofClark(2002),andinstructionalv ariablesfromthatofMentilla(2011).Itwasfoundoutthattheleadershipstyles of the respondent principals are authoritative with 3.34 AWM(sometimes carried out); democratic (3.81, oftentimes carried out); and delegative(3.52, oftentimes carried out) The instructional variables that may affect high schools’performanceareselfregulatedlearnerswith2.93AWM(agree);teachercharacteristics (2.74, agree); classroom climate (2.76, agree); technology and learning(2.35, disagree), and motivation in diversity (2.60, agree) With an average of 66.4,there are nine high schools above the average and five (5) below average level ofperformancewheretheh igh es tmeanis obtainedby NgoQu yen HighSchoolwi th 94.8andis consistentlyleadingwhiletheleastisPhan DangLuuHighSchoolwith