Đồ án tốt nghiệp Thiết kế cầu được làm bằng tiếng Anh Trường đại học Giao thông vận tải. Đồ án đánh giá lựa chọn một trong hai phương án bao gồm Phương án 1: Cầu đúc hẫng cân bằng. Phương án 2: Cầu giàn thép
UNIVERSITY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION FACULTY GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor : Assoc.Prof.Dr Do Anh Tu Examiner : Student : Class : R&B Engineering K58 Ha Noi – 2022 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 PREFACE In the era of country development, we need to build more and more structures to serve the demand of human life In which, Transportation is one of the most important fields that considered with large investment and concern of society We need to get much more skillful engineers to update modern technologies of the world and build for us many modern structures with high quality and aesthetic Transportation is one of the most important sectors that contribute to the development of a nation Constructing structures such as bridges, tunnel, or highway helps to connect all the areas, improves the development of socio-eco, politics, and defense The future of transportation sector is not only the increasing of transport systems, transportation infrastructure… but also the education for new engineer generation By take into account in education for future generation, we will have a sustainable development in human resource That is the first condition for the development of transportation sector in the future After year learnt in the University of Transport and Communications, with the willing of myself and the whole-heart teaching of my teachers, I have been grant many experiences with help me in the future This graduation project is the result of years studied in this University It is the summary of my studying process My special thanks to my supervisor Assoc.Prof.Dr Do Anh Tu and also to PhD Nguyen Van Hau, who helped me a lot to finish my graduation thesis During the process to finish my graduation project, because of the time and my limited knowledge, so there will be some mistakes I hope I can get the advice of our lecturers to make my graduation project finished Thank you for all Hanoi, June 2022 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 Dong Quang Phuc COMMENT OF SUPERVISOR EVALUATION OF CONTENT AND QUALITY OF REPORT: EVALUATION OF WORKING ATTITUDE OF STUDENT: CONCLUSION: Hanoi, June 2022 MAIN SUPERVISOR DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 COMMENT OF EXAMINER EVALUATION OF CONTENT AND QUALITY OF REPORT: CONCLUSION: Hanoi, June 2022 EXAMINER DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION .13 CHAPTER 1: PLAN 14 CANTILEVER BALANCED BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION 14 1.1 OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGY OF BALANCED CASTING MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 14 1.1.1 History 14 1.1.2 Advantages and disadvantages and scope of application .14 1.2 GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF THE OPTION 14 1.2.1 Design standards 14 1.2.2 Natural conditions at the bridge construction site 14 1.2.2 Structural Diagram 15 1.3 CALCULATION DATA .15 1.3.1 The gauge of the bridge 15 1.3.2 Boat clearance level 15 1.3.3 Design load 15 1.3.4 Geometrical elements of the bridge 16 1.3.5 Material Design .16 1.4 CALCULATION FACTORS .16 1.4.1 Load factor 16 1.4.2 Shock factor 16 1.4.3 Lanes factor 16 1.5 DIMENSIONS OF THE MAIN GIRDER 17 1.5.1 Main girder construction .17 1.5.4 Structure of the bridge deck coating .20 1.6 DETERMINATION OF LOADING PROVINCE ACTING ON MAIN GIRDER .20 1.6.1 Static load stage 20 1.6.2 Static load stage 21 1.7 CALCULATION OF INTERNAL FORCE 22 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 1.7.1 Calculation principles 22 1.7.2 Calculation of internal force 22 1.8 CALCULATION AND PLACEMENT OF STEEL REINFORCATION FOR MAIN BEAM .29 1.8.1 Calculation and arrangement of reinforcement for mid-span section 29 1.8.3 Calculation and arrangement of reinforcement for the section on the top of the cylinder 33 1.9 CALCULATION OF ABUTMENT .36 1.9.1 Structural construction of the leading span 36 1.9.3 Calculate the vertical pressure acting on the abutment base 40 1.9.4 Arrange piles in the abutment foundation .45 1.10 CALCULATION OF PIERS 50 1.10.1 Structural dimensions of pier T5 50 1.10.2 Cylindrical audit sections 51 1.10.2 Calculate the weight of the cylindrical parts .52 1.10.3 Calculation of vertical pressure weight due to span structure weight 52 1.10.4 Calculation of vertical pressure due to vertical live load on industrial zone 53 1.10.5 Calculate water pressure .53 1.10.6 Total load acting on the bottom section of the pedestal 54 1.10.7 Arrange piles in the pillar foundation 54 CHAPTER 2: PLAN 60 CONTINUOUS STEEL STANDARD BRIDGE 60 2.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF THE PLAN 60 2.1.1 General layout of the bridge 60 2.1.2 Structure of the upper part 60 2.1.3 Structure of the lower part 60 2.1.4 Calculating the preliminary plan: 60 2.2 CALCULATION OF MAIN SPAN STRUCTURAL 61 2.2.1 Determine truss geometry .61 2.2.2 Static load of truss bridge .62 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 2.2.3 Static load phase II 63 2.2.4 Horizontal distribution coefficient 65 2.2.5 Calculation of staging: 65 2.3 CALCULATE M1: 69 2.3.2 Size of abutment structure 70 2.3.3 Calculate the vertical pressure acting on the abutment base 71 2.3.4 Arrange piles in the foundation .77 2.4 CALCULATION OF BRIDGE T5 .81 2.4.1 Bridge structure .81 2.4.2 Determine the main load combination at the bottom cross section of the pedestal 82 2.4.3 Arrange piles in the foundation .83 Geological survey data of the area where the pier is located: 84 2.5 CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION STRATEGY 88 2.5.1 Construction of abutment 88 2.5.2 Construction of bridge piers 89 2.5.3 Construction of main span structure .90 CHAPTER 92 COMPARE AND CHOOSE THE BRIDGE OPTION 92 3.1 PRINCIPLES FOR SELECTION OF BRIDGE ALTERNATIVES 92 3.2 COMPARISON THE ADVANTAGES OF EACH OPTION 92 3.2.1 Option 1: Continuous girder bridge is built by balanced cantilever technology 92 3.2.2 Option 2: Steel truss bridge 93 3.3 CHOOSE THE OPTION 93 CHAPTER 94 MAJOR BEAM CALCULATION 94 4.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF THE OPTION 94 4.1.1 Design standards 94 4.1.2 Natural conditions at the bridge construction site 94 4.1.3 Structure diagram 94 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 4.2 CALCULATION DATA .95 4.2.1 Suffering bridge 95 4.2.2 Boat clearance .95 4.2.3 Design load 95 4.2.4 Geometric elements of the bridge 95 4.2.5 Design materials 95 4.3 CALCULATION FACTORS .96 4.3.1 Load factor 96 4.3.2 Shock coefficient 96 Shock coefficient for design vehicle load (1+IM) = 1,33 .96 4.3.3 Lane factor 96 4.4 SIZE OF STRUCTURE BEAM HOME 97 4.4.1 Main beam construction 97 y = -0.0014 x + 0.12609 x + 0.8 99 4.4.2 Calculation of the geometrical characteristics of the main girder section 99 4.4.4 Construction of concrete bridge deck 101 4.4.5 Construction of bridge deck coating 101 4.5 DETERMINATION OF LOAD ACTIVITIES ON MAJOR BEAM .101 4.5.1 Static load phase I .101 4.5.2 Static load phase II 102 4.5.3 Construction load .103 4.5.4 Active load 103 4.6 WEIGHT LOAD COMBINATIONS 103 4.6.1 Combination according to TTGH Intensity I 103 4.6.2 Combination according to TTGH Use 104 4.7 CALCULATION OF INTERNAL POWER .104 4.7.1 Calculation principles 104 4.7.2 Internal force calculation diagrams .104 4.7.3 Diagram 1: Balanced cantilever construction of Ki castings 105 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 Negative moment at cylindrical top section during cantilever construction: .106 4.7.4 Diagram 2: Diagram of live load and exploitation load .108 4.8 CALCULATION AND PLACEMENT OF STEEL REINFORCATION FOR HOME BEAM .108 4.8.1 Physical and mechanical parameters of the material 108 4.8.2 Calculation and arrangement of reinforcement subjected to negative moments 109 a.1 Dimensions of the converted cross-section of the box girder: 110 4.8.3 Calculation and arrangement of reinforcement subjected to positive moment 114 4.8.4 Calculation Geometrical features at calculated sections .115 4.8.5 Calculate stress loss 118 4.8.5.2 Calculation of stress loss 120 4.9 MAJOR BEAM AUDIT BY STRENGTH I 121 4.9.1 Auditing the bending resistance of sections subjected to negative moments through the stages: 121 Auditing the bending resistance of sections subjected to negative moments during the construction phase: .123 4.9.2 Checking the bending resistance of sections subjected to positive moments: 127 4.9.3 Check reinforcement limits 128 4.9.4 Calculating and checking shear bearing conditions of the main girder 130 At cross-sections, the effective width is taken to be equal to the actual rib width of the beam cross-section, b v = 1600mm 131 4.10 AUDIT OF MAJOR BEAM BY TTGH USING .135 4.10.1 Calculation of cross-section according to anti-cracking condition: 135 CHAPTER 141 CALCULATION OF ABUMENT .141 5.1 DETAIL OF THE TOTAL DESIGN OF THE ABUMENT 141 5.1.1 The level of the river is clear 141 5.1.2 Design span structure length .141 5.1.3 Design load 141 5.1.5 Materials Concrete abutment 142 DONG QUANG PHUC R&B ENGINEERING K58 5.1.6 Materials Concrete beams 142 5.1.7 Materials Concrete cross beam + slab 142 5.1.8 Ordinary steel reinforcement .142 5.1.9 Asphalt concrete+ water .142 5.1.10 Soil behind the abutment 142 5.2 STRUCTURAL STRUCTURAL LEADING SPAN OF BRIDGE 143 5.2.1 Cross section construction 143 5.2.3 Dimensions of concrete slab (Slab) 144 5.2.4 Transverse beam 144 5.2.6 Construction of bridge deck coating 145 5.2.7 Handrail construction 145 5.3 ABUMENT STRUCTURE 145 5.3.1 Basic dimensions of the abutment 145 5.4 CALCULATION OF LOAD ACTING ON THE AUTOMOTIVE 147 5.4.1 Abutment audit sections 147 5.4.2 Loads acting on the abutment .147 5.4.3 Weight of parts of the abutment 148 5.4.4 Vertical pressure on abutment due to weight span .149 5.4.5 Vertical pressure from span structure 149 5.4.6 Vertical pressure when live load is standing on transient plate 151 5.4.7 Calculate the horizontal pressure of the earth .152 5.4.8 Calculate the braking force acting on the abutment 159 5.4.9 Calculate the braking force acting on the abutment 159 5.4.10 Centrifugal force (CE): .160 5.4.11 Internal force due to water load WA: .160 5.5 CALCULATION OF BASE BENEFITS II .160 5.5.1 Loads acting on the bottom section of the pedestal 160 5.5.1 Combination of loads acting on the bottom section of the platform (section II) 161 5.5.2 Combination of loads acting on the base wall section (section II-II) 172