Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd 1 201J 29 i^''''jp/« ANH Hl/dlNC TAM GIAO TRONG Tl/Tl/ClNG TRI Nirdc CUA VUA LE THANH TONG TRAN THI CHAM'''' V ua Le Thanh Tdng s inh ngay 20 thang 7 nam Nham Tuat (25 t h a n g 8 nam[.]
29 Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd - 201J i^'jp/« ANH Hl/dlNC TAM GIAO TRONG Tl/Tl/ClNG TRI Nirdc CUA VUA LE THANH TONG TRAN THI CHAM' ua Le T h a n h Tdng s i n h n g a y 20 t h a n g n a m N h a m Tuat (25 t h a n g n a m 1442), luc n h d ten la Hao, sau ddi la TU Thanh, la t r a i iit cua vua Le Thai Tdng, me TU T h a n h la ba Ngd Thi Ngpc Dao Theo Le Quy Ddn t r o n g Dai Viet Thong su' k h i Q u a n g Thue H o a n g Thai Hau (Ngd Thi Ngpc Dao) cdn la Tiep DU da tufng bi Vua Le Thai Tdng bd tu d Vvfdn hoa Truyen thuye't cung ndi ba Ngd Thi Ngpc Dao hi dem pha, n h d Nguyen Trai va Thi Ld cvfu giiip che chd mdi dUde a n toan s i n h r a Tit T h a n h d chua Huy Van ben n g o a i c u n g cam (nay thudc quan Dd'ng Da - Ha Ndi) Sau dd, bi that s u n g ma Tvf T h a n h v a n ciing me sd'ng l a n h m i n h t r o n g d a n gian, mai de'n V A9 A A A' nam tuoi mdi dUde t r d ve cung cam sd'ng t r o n g phii de rieng, c u n g hpc tap vdi cac t h a n vUdng d tda K i n h Dien TU Thanh t u a n tu t h d n g tue, biet rd p h a n minh nen n g a y dem chuyen can cham hpc, " tvf che g i a u k h d n g Id a n h k h i r a ngoai", chi vui vdi sach vd cd kim, n g h i a II cua T h a n h Hien, sdm k h u y a k h d n g rdi quyen sach Miia d d n g n a m Ky Mao (1459) L a n g Sdn VUdng N g h i Dan, dau cua Le Thai Tdng, ke't be d a n g gie't me N h a n Tdnj^ ehie'm ngdi Giiia n a m Canh Thin (1460), cac trieu t h a n day n g h i a , phe' t r u a t N g h i Dan, ddn lap TU T h a n h len ngdi Vua Le T h a n h Tdng d n g d i 38 nam, 10 n a m d a u cd Men hieu la Q u a n g T h u a n (1460 - 1469), 28 n a m sau dd'i n i e n h i e u la H d n g Diic (1470 - 1497) Vua m a t n g a y 30 t h a n g Gieng n a m Dinh Ty (1497) n i e n h i e u H o n g Difc thft 28 Anh hvtdng cua Nho Giao de'n tit tvfdng tri nUdc cua Le T h a n h Tdng Le T h a n h Tdng s i n h r a va len n g d i vua n g a y giiia thdi k i bie'n loan cua cung dinh, vdi m a u t h u a n va x u n g dot cac n h d m quyen Ivfc g a y gat, de giii viing ki cvtdng, phep nUde, t a p t r u n g quyen liic, Le T h a n h Tdng da ehu trUdng dUa Nho g i a o len giii vi t r i c h u dao t r o n g ddi s d n g v a n hoa dao dvfe eiia thdi dai nay, 'lam sang to dao hien" kMen mudn ngUdi tin theo Trvfdc he't, t r o n g g i a o due va thi cii, ndi d u n g dao dvfe Nho g i a o ehie'm vtu the A9 A A A A De ton v i n h Nho hpc, Le T h a n h Tong cho dvtng bia tie'n si, de ten n h i i n g ngUdi dd dat tii n a m 1442 tai n h a Thai hpc va tdn v i n h dvfe tai cua hp Ndi d u n g thi cu' Nho g i a o thdi Le Sd cd b a n a p d u n g chii ye'u theo tvf tvfdng Nho giao thdi n h a Td'ng, cdn gpi la Td'ng Nho Nam 1467, t r i e u d i n h dat r a chvfc Ngu kinh bac si, tifc la chpn ngUdi gidi k i n h dien Nho hpc giao cho n h i e m vu n g h i e n ciiu chuyen sau ve Ngii k i n h de V A ? A^ g i a n g cho hpc tro, thuc day t r u y e n ba Nho g i a o t r o n g x a hdi Ban t h a n T h a n h Tdng ciing cd hpc v a n uyen t h a m ve Nho hpc, d n g t h u d n g c u n g cac q u a n lai b a n ve * Thfch Dam Luyen Chi:ia Huy Van quan Dong Da Thanh Ha Noi 30 cac p h a m t r u O n g de cao cifdng": q u a n tdi, c h a c o n , c h i i "Hieu" Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd! - 20!! cd b a n c u a d a o li N h o g i a o p h a m h a n h giii m d i "tam t h a n , p h u tii, p h u p h u ( v u a v d chdng), chii "Trung" v a •- < •: , Le T h a n h T d n g n h a n thvfc s a u s a c dvfdc cae y e u c a u thvtc t i e n d a t r a c u a v i e c liia c h p n v a svf d u n g m d h i n h x a h d i cd d a o dvfe t h e o N h o g i a o , v a tU tvfdng c a i e a c h N h o g i a o t h e o h U d n g tvt cUdng, k h d n g p h a i le t h u d c v a n h d a T r u n g Q u d e ciia d n g c h i n h la ldi g i a i d a p c h o n h i i n g t h a c h thvfc l d n ciia t h d i d a i O n g d a v a n d u n g tU t u d n g , d a o difc, c h i n h t r i t h e o c a c h p c thuye't ciia N h o g i a o d e t a i thie't x a h d i Dai Viet, h U d n g t d i svt p h a t t r i e n rvtc rd, t o a n t r i Tvf t u d n g c a i e a c h v e d a o dvfe, c h i n h t r i t h e o N h o g i a o c u a Le T h a n h T d n g v a n l a svf k e t u c t r u y e n t h d n g y e u nUdc, t i n h t h a n d d c l a p tvt chii, tvt c U d n g ciia d a n tdc Cd t h e coi y t u d n g x a y d i t n g mpt x a hdi N h o g i a o theo k h u d n m a n D u d n g N g h i e u , N g u T h u a n l a svt h i e n thvfc h d a n g u y e n v p n g thie't l a p svf d n d i n h x a h d i , g i a i p h d n g site s a n x u a t , c a i t h i e n d d i s d n g n h a n d a n v a n a n g c a o vi t h e ' D a i Viet ciia Le T h a n h T d n g K h d n g n h i t n g thc^ b a n t h a n Le T h a n h T d n g c d n dUde bie't de'n v d i tit e a c h l a m d t n h a N h o cd t i n h t h a n d a n t d c , cd II t u d n g T r u d c k h i l a m v u a , Le T h a n h T d n g d a l a m d t t r i thitc N h o h p c u y e n b a e , t i n h t h d n g d a o 11 t h a n h M e n v a r a t g a n giii d a n chvmg T h e o n h a n g h i e n cvfu N g u y i n Q u a n g N g p c t r o n g Le Thanh Tong- va siT toan ven ciia quo'c gia Dai Vict " O n g l a s a n p h a m ciia t h d i d a i m a N h o g i a o d a a n s a u b a m r l v a p h a t h u y a n h h u d n g ciia n d t r o n g x a hdi Dai Viet" v a d n g ciing c h o r a n g : "TU tvfdng N h o g i a o v a c h e ' d p c h u y e n c h e vvfa l a b e dd, vvfa l a v a t c a n t a m n h i n e a c h n g h i ciia Le T h a n h T d n g " " l Vi the^ m d h i n h c a i e a c h d o Le T h a n h T d n g dUa r a c h i t a dvtng c a m a t dUdc v a chUa dUdc H p c g i a J o h n Kremers W h i t m o r e c h o r a n g : Le T h a n h T d n g "cam tha'y svf m e n h ciia m i n h l a t a i thie't t o a n qud'c Vict N a m t r o n g h i n h a n h ciia N h o giao"