giáo án bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi môn tiếng anh tham khảo

Date of preparing: 03 / 10 / 2010 Date of teaching: 04 / 10 / 2010 TENSES Present simple + present propressive A. Ojectives Ss review the present simple and the present progressive tenses and practice to do exercises in real situations. B. Preparation T : some exercises Ss : review the present simple and present progressive C. Procedu c e I./ PRESENT SIMPLE 1. Form * Tobe: am/is/are. Eg. I am a teacher. (+) S + am/is/are… (-) S + am/is/are not… (?) am/is/are + S…? Notice: am not = ’m not ; are not = aren’t; is not = isn’t * Ordinary verbs: (+) S + V-(s,es) Eg: I walk to school. She goes to school. (-) S + do not/does not + V Eg: We don’t walk to school. He doesn’t go to school. (?) Do/does +S + V…? Yes, S + do/does No, S + don’t/doesn’t Eg: Do you go to school? Yes, I am/ No, I’m not Does she go to school? Yes, she does/ No, she doesn’t. Note: The third singular person - Final ‘-s’ not ‘es’ is added to most verbs. Many verbs in ‘-e’ final ‘-s’ is simple added. Eg: visit, answer, speak, write, hope - Final ‘-es’ is added if the verbs ends in –ch, sh, s, x or z. Eg: catch, wash, pass, buzz, fix -Fanal’-es’ is added ‘to do’ and ‘go’. If a verd ends in consonant ‘-y’ change the ‘-y’ to ‘-i’ and add ‘-es’ Eg: try - tries , study - studies If a verb in a vowel + ‘-y’ simply add ‘-s’ Eg: buy - buys ; pay - pays 2. Use - expresses daily habits or usual activities. - 1 - Eg: We go to school everyday. - expresses general statements of fact. Eg: It’s hot in the summer. The earth revolves around the sun. - expresses action or event which are happened in the present. Eg: He says he wants to marry her. - usually the frequency adverbs: never, rarelly, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always. Eg: I often play badminton. - for the future when we talk about future events that are part of some “officical arrangement” such as timetable or programme. Eg: Their plane arrives at 2 o’clock in the morning. I’m always on holiday next week. Now always Past Present - usually x x x x x x - ofen - sometimes - sedom - rarely - never * He is selfish and he is being selfish I’m being = I’m behaving/I’m acting Eg: I can’t understand why he’s being so selfish. - He never thinks other people. He is very selfish. He isn’t usually like that ( being selfish = behaving selfish at the moment ) ( am/ is /are being : hành vi cư sử của ai đó) II./ PRESENT PROGRESSIVE. 1. Form (+) S + am/is/are + V-ing… Eg: She is writing a letter every day. I’m going to school by bike now. (-) S + am/is/arenot + V-ing… Eg: He isn’t writing a letter every day. We aren’t going to school by bike. (? ) Am/is/are + V-ing ? Eg: Are you writing a letter ? - Yes,I am - No, I’m not Is she going to school by bike ? - Yes, she is - No, she isn’t. Note: V-ing - Verb ending in ‘e’ drop ‘e’ before adding ‘ing’ - 2 - Eg: write - writing - Verb ending in one consonant before it is one vowel double consonant before adding ‘ing’ Eg: run - running - If the verb ends in two consonants, just add ‘ing’ Eg: help – helping But if the first syllable of a two syllable verb is stressed, don’t double the consonant. Eg: visit - visiting - If the second syllable of a two - syllable verb is stressed, double consonant. Eg: prefer – preferring - If the verb ends in a vowel + -y, keep the -y. Don’t change ‘-y’ to ‘-i’ Eg: play – playing enjoy – enjoying - If the verb ends in a consonant +- y, keep the ‘–y’ for the ‘–ing’ Eg: worry – worrying study – studying (*) Verbs can’t be in present/past progressive. 1 - Verb of sense Eg: hear, smell, feel, see, taste… 2 - Verb of feeling Eg: like, dislike,care,and emotion, hate, love 3 - Certain link verb Eg: look, seen, sound, feel… 4 - Verb of mantal activity Eg: agree, think, believe, remember 5 - Verb of possession Eg: have, belong, own, posses How munh do I own you? 6 - Modals: except “be, have” in certain use – present progressive never use the stative verbs: know, understand, have, hate, need, hear, love, see, like, smell, want, wish… 2. Use - expresses an actiavity that is in progress (is occurring/happening) right now. The event is in progress at the time.The speaker is saying the sentence. Eg: I’m speaking E now. - expresses an action which is happening aroud now but it isn’t necessary happening at the moment of speaking. Eg: We’re living in BN district. - expresses an action which is happening with other at the moment. Eg: I’m teaching while you are learning. - expresses a plan in the future. Eg: I’m going to the markert tomorrow. Can use: today, this week/evening…(near time in the furture) - 3 - Start now finish * * * In progress D. Practice Exercise 1: Change the sentences into negative and interogative. 1- Ba goes to school 6 days aweek. 2- They do their housework. 3- There are 4 seasons in a year. 4- My mother wants to buy a new bike. 5- You ofen invite your brother to the concert. 6- We have Math, History and English. 7- I’m writing a letter. 8- Hoa is watching TV. 9- We are coming here. 10- They are walking to school. 11- Peter is reading book. 12- You are living in Bao Nhai. Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present or the present progressive tense. 1- Cuckoos (not build)……. nests. They (use)…… the nests of other birds. 2 - You can see Tom now. He (have)……a bath. 3- He usually (drink)……coffee but today he (drink) … …. tea. 4- Ann (make)……. a dress for herself at the moment. She (make)……all her own clothes. 5- I (wear)…. my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong. 6- The kettle (boil)……… now. Shall I make the tea. 7- Why you (put)……. on the coat ? I (go)……… for a walk. You (come)…… with me? Yes, I’d love to come.You (mind)… if I bring my dog? 8- I always (buy)……. lottery tickets but I never (win) … anything. 9- You (love)……… him? No, I (like)…… him very much but I (not love)… him. 10- You(write)…… to him tonight ? Yes, I always (write)… to him on his birthday. You (want) … to send my message? 11- You (believe)…….all that the newspappers say ? No, I’m ( not believe) ……any of it. - don’t build; use - is having - drinks;is drinking - is making ; makes - am wearing - is boiling - are putting am going. Are coming Do…mind - buy/am always buying; win - do…love ; like ; don’t love - Are…writing ; write ; do…want - Do…believe; don’t believe; do read - 4 - Then why you (read)… newspappers ? 12- This car (make)………a very strange noise. You (think) …….it is all right ? Oh,that noise (not matter)……. it always (make) ……….a noise like that - Is making; Do…think ; doesn’t matter ; makes E. Feedback Remark the main mistakes and the things need to notice Eg : The water is boiling. Can you turn it off? Water boils at 100 degrees celsius Or Listen to those people. What language are they speaking? Excuse me, do you speak English ? F. Homework Ask Ss to learn by heart the methods and do exercises again and rewiew the present perfect and past simple . _________________________________ - 5 - Date of preparing : 10 /10 / 2010 Date of teaching : 11 /10 / 2010 TENSES Present perfect + past simple A. Ojectives Ss review the present perfect and past simple tenses and apply them to do exercises. B. Preparation T: some exercises Ss: rewiew the present perfect and past simple C. Procedure III./ PRESENT PERFECT 1. Form: (+) S + have/has + P.P Eg: I have lived in Bao nhai since 2000 (-) S + haven’t/hasn’t + P.P Eg: I haven’t seen him for a long time (?) Have / has + S + P.P ? -Yes. S + have/has -No. S + Haven’t/hasn’t Eg: Have you done your homework ? -Yes. I have -No. I haven’t 2. Use: - expresses activities or situations that occurred (or didn’t occur) “before now” at some unspesified time in the past - He has already eaten lunch Time - She hasn’t eaten lunch * * - Have you ever eaten at that restaurant? I’ve never eaten there - expresses acrtivities that were repeated several or many times in the past.The exact times are unpecified - He has eaten at that restaurant many times * * - I’ve been to that theater 5 or 6 times x x x - We’ve had three tests so far this week - When the present perfect is used with “since” or “for” it expresses situations that began in the past and continue to the present - I’ve worked here since 2000/for 9 years - She has been in classroom since 6.00 a.m * * Since: a point in time For : a period of time - 6 - IV./ PAST SIMPLE 1. Form a. To be: was/were b. Ordinary verb (+) S + V- ed (past verb – V-2) ( - V-ed: regular verb - V-2 : irregular verb ) Eg: She lived in Bao nhai 2 years ago (-) S + didn’t + V Eg: I didn’t see her yesterday (?) Didn’d + S + V ? - Yes. S + did - No. S + didn’t 2. Use It is used to talk about activitives or situations that began and ended at a particular time in the past. (yesterday, last (night, week,….) ago, in 2008) Eg: When I was younger, I used to play/played table tennis She lived in the countyside 10 years ago * Compare between present perfect and past simple Present perfect Past simple -I’ve done a lot of work today Khi đề cập đến thời gian liên tục từ quá khứ đến hiện tại Eg: today, this week, since 2000 - Have you seen Ann this morning ? (Bây giờ vẫn là buổi sáng) * Luôn có sự liên hệ với hiện tại - I did a lot of work yesterday Khi đề cập đến thời gian trong quá khứ và kết thúc hẳn Eg: yesterday, last week, from 2000 to 2008 - Did you see Ann this morning ? (Bây giờ là buổi chiều hoặc tối) * Chỉ nói về quá khứ D. Practice Ex1: Put the verbs in the following sentences into past simple and present perfect Eg: I go to school by bike I went to school by bike I have gone to school by bike 1. She speaks slowly 6. His roses grow well 2. You eat too much 7. He sleeps badly 3. Who knows the anwer ? 8. they ride their bikes 4. We buy them here 9. I read books 5. It costs 30 p 10. Hoa and Nga get up early Ex2: Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect and past simple tenses 1. This is my house How long you (live)……… here? I (live)……… here sine 1990 1. Have .… lived/have …. been living – have lived/have been living - 7 - 2. You (wear) ………… you hair long when you were at school? Yes. My mother (insist)………… on it 3. Shakespeare (write)………….a lot of plays. 4. He (not smoke)……… for 2 weeks. He is trying to give it up 5. When……… she (arrive)………? H e (arrive)……… at 2.00 6. You (have)………… breakfast yet? Yes. I (have)…………. it at 8.00 7. …….You (see)……… the moon last night? 8. The concert (begin)……… at 2.30 and (last) …… …… for 2 hours. Everyone (enjoy) ………. it very much 9. The newspaper (come)…………? Yes. Ann is reading it 10. You (be)…………. here before? Yes. I (spend)……… my holidays here last years ……….You (have)……… a good time? No. It never (stop)……………. raining. 11. Where is Tom? I (not see)………. him today , but he (tell)…. ………. Mary that he’d be in for dinner 12. He (leave) ……… the house at 8.00 Where …………he (go)…………….? I (not see) …………where he (go)…… … … 2. did …. wear/insisted 3. wrote 4. hasn’t smoked 5. did arrive/arrived 6. have …. had/had 7. did …. see 8. began/lasted/enjoyed 9. have….come 10. have….been/spent/ did….have/stopped 11. hasn’t seen/told 12. left/did….go/hasnn’t seen/ went Ex3: Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning 1. The last time we went to Lon don was two years ago We haven’t………………………………………………………………………… 2. I’ve never talked to the headmaster before It’s………………………………………………………………………………… 3. The last time I went skiing was ten year ago I haven’t……………………………………………………………………………. 4. Hoa hasn’t written to her parants for three months The last……………………………………………………………………………. D./ Feedback Remark the main mistakes and give the diffirence between them E./ Homework Ask Ss to learn by heart the methods and do exercises again and rewiew the past progressive and past perfect. _________________________________ Date of preparing: 16 / 10 / 2010 - 8 - Date of teaching : 18 / 10 / 2010 TENSES Past progressive + past perfect A. Ojectives Ss review the past progresive and study the past perfect. By the end of the lesson Ss can use them to practice in real situations. B. Preparation T : some exercises Ss: review the past progressive C. Procedure VI./ PAST PROGRESSIVE 1. Form (+) S + were / was + V-ing Eg: I was watching TV at 9.00 last night (- ) S + were / was not ( weren’t / wasn’t ) + V- ing Eg: She wasn’t reading book when I came ( ? ) Was/ Were + S + V-ing ? – Yes. S + was/ were No. S + wasn’t / weren’t Eg : Were you studying English ? - Yes. I was No. I wasn’t 2. Use - expresses an activity that was in progress (was occurring/happening) at a point of time in the past. Eg : I sat down at the dinner table at 6.00 p.m yesterday Tom came to my house at 6.00 p.m – I was eating dinner when Tom came I went to bed at 10.00. The phone rang at 11.00 – while I, the phone rang was sleepping Note: when = at that time while = during that time At 9 o’clock last night I was preparing the lesson while my sons were watching TV 0r • For past progressive action at axact limits or for time in the past (một thời điểm or một khoảng thời gian) Eg: They were studying their lessons all yesterday evening • For an action was happening with an other action or event in the past Eg: Mai was reading a book while I was writing a dictation When I came, they were eating lunch VI./ PAST PERFECT 1. Form (+) S + had + P.P Eg: I had learnt English before I came (-) S + had not (hadn’t) + P.P Eg: I hadn’t stayed at home when he came to my house (?) Had + S + P.P ? Yes. S + had - 9 - No. S + hadn’t Eg: Had you learnt Viet namese before you came to Viet nam ? Yes. I had / No. I hadn’t 2. Use - expresses an activity that occurred before another time in the past eg : I wasn’t hungry because I had already eaten (At moon. I wasn’t hungry because I had already eaten before 1.00 p.m) - expresses an activity that was completed before a particular time in the past eg: I had eaten when he came (I ate at moon . He came at 1.00 p.m .My meal was completed before he came) Note: It is used with when, before, after , or by the time 0r: The past perfect tense is used to • Refer to an earlier past: eg: - She arrived when the train had left - The boys loved the zoo. They had never sseen wild animals before - Before a point of time Eg: He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening • As the past equivalence of the present perfect Eg: - I’ve lost my pen - I had lost my pen and I had to borrow hers * As the past equivalence of the simple past tense Eg: He met her in 2000 and again ten years later Her hair, which had been grey at their first meeting, was white then D. Practice Ex 1 : Put he verbs in brackets into the correct form: past progressive, past perfect or past simple 1. He usually wears sandals but when I last saw him he……… ……. (wear) boots. 2. The car had nobody in it but the engine ……… (run). 3. The class……… (begin) before we came yesterday. 4. Tom ………….(just go out) at home when I arrived. 5. Where did you get after my parents…………. (leave) ? 6. Tom (sit) in a corner with a book. I told him that he ………. (read) in very bad light. 7. They weren’t eating when I came to see them. They……… (already finish) their dinner. 8. I was happy to see her again after such a long time. I ……… (not see) her for year. 9. Was Tom at the party when you arrived? Yes. But he……………. (go) home soon afterwards. 10. Was Mary at home when you phone? No. she…………. (just leave) 11. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody…… …. (go) to bed. 12. I felt very tired when I got home, so I ……….(go) 1. was wearing 2. was running 3. had began 4. had just gone 5. had left 6. was sitting/was reading 7. had already finished 8. hadn’d seen 9. went 10. had just left 11. had gone 12.went - 10 - [...]... ing” - I hope the bus come soon I’ve been waiting for 20 minutes.(before now) - He’s out of breath He has been running (Anh ấy thở gấp Anh ấy đã chạy từ nẫy đến giờ) - At last the bus came I’d been waiting for 20 minutes - He was out of breath He had been running (Anh ấy đã thở gấp Anh ấy đã chạy trước) * Present perfect progressive and present perfect - She has been painting the ceiling (Nãy giờ... nobody was hurt) - I don’t often get invited to parties.(I’m not often invited) - I’m surprised Ann didn’t get offered the job.( Ann wasn’t offered the job) Chúng ta dùng “get” chủ yếu trong tiengs Anh thụng thường (informal spoken Enlish) Có thể dùng ‘BE’ trong tất cả các tình huống Chúng ta có thể dùng các thành ngữ sau (mà không mang nghĩa thụ động) Get married (lập gđ) get divorced (li . running. (Anh ấy thở gấp. Anh ấy đã chạy từ nẫy đến giờ) - At last the bus came. I’d been waiting for 20 minutes. - He was out of breath. He had been running. (Anh ấy đã thở gấp. Anh ấy đã