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BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN Nguyen Trong Tuan PHAT TlllliX THI TRlffiNG XUAT BAN PHAM THEN RIA BAN I1A NOI TRONG GIAI ROAN 2001-2010 • • • Chuyen nganh: Kinh te chfnh tri xa hoi chu nghia Ngitoi huffng dan khoa hoc: PGS.TS Pham Quang Phan Ha Noi 2003 LOl CAM ON Trong qua trinh nghien cii'u va hoan thank Lutin van, toi da nhtin daqc su quan ttim, giup dd nhiet tinh cua cac thay co khoa Mac-Lenin, khoa Sau dai hoc, dac biet la To bo mon Kinh te chinh tri va giao vien hu'dng dtin PGS TS Pham Quang Phan Toi xin chtin biet an su giup dd cua cac thay co, su giup dd da giup toi nhtin thuc va sang to them ca ly lutin va thuc tidn ve nhung linh vuc ma Lutin van de ctip, td giup cho toi nhtin thuc day du han y nghia cua viec hoc ttip nghien cutu kien thuc ve Kinh te chinh tri Mac-Lenin phuc vu cho cong tac thuc tien cua ban thtin thdi ky cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nudc Co the thay Lutin van la ket qua nghien cutu nghiem tuc cua ban thtin song khong the tranh khoi nhung thieu sot nhat dinh Toi mong muon nhtin duqc su quan ttim chi dtin cua ctic thay, cd giao, cac chuyen gia kinh te va cac doc gia quan ttim den Lutin van Ngay 14-10-2003 Tac gia Nguydn Trong Tuan MUC LUC LOl CAM ON MUC LUC DANH MUC CAC TUVIET TAT TRONG LUAN VAN MO DAU CHUONG 1: LY LUAN VE THI TRUONG VA THI TRUONG XUAT BAN PHAM Z Z, -S , 1.1 LY LUAN VE THI TRUONG 1.1.1 Lich su hinh va phat trien cua thi truang 1.1.2 Thi truang va vai tro cua thi truang doi vai nen kinh te 14 1.1.3 Nhung quan diem cua Dang cong san Viet Nam ve thi truang va nen kinh te thi truang dinh huang xa hoi chu nghia 1.2 THI TRUUON XXUt BBN PhHa 16 23 1.2.1 Xuat ban pham va cac dac trung co ban 23 1.2.2 Dac diem loai hinh kinh doanh xuat ban pham 1.2.3 C£u true thi truang xuat ban pham 1.2.4 Vai tro va chhc nang cua thi truang xuat ban ph£m 1.3 KINH NHHHIM PHAT TRIEN THI TRUONG XBP MOT SB NUdC TRONG KHU VUC CHAU A 24 25 29 31 1.3.1 Nhan dinh chung 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem phat trien thi truang XBP cua Trung Quoc 31 33 1.3.3 Kinh nghiem phat trien thi truang XBP cua Nhat Ban 1.3.4 Kinh nghiem phat trien thi truang XBP cua Han Quoc 35 36 1.3.5 Kinh nghiem phat trien thi trudng XBP cua Philippine 38 1.3.6 Kinh nghiem phat trien thi truang XBP cua Singapore 1.3.7 Kinh nghiem phat trien thi trudng XBP cua Thai Lan 1.4 MOT T O BAI HHCRUTRA CHO VVlC PHHA RRIEN 40 41 RHI RRUOHG BUAR PAH HHAM VIET GAM 1.4.1 Md hinh phat trien thi truang xuat ban ph£m cua Trung Quoc to phu hap vai Viet Nam hon ca 1.4.2 Nhung uu diem can hoc hoi phat huy 43 43 43 1.4.3 Nhung kho khan can han che khac phuc 43 CHUONG 2: THUC TRANG THI TRUONG XUAT bNn PhAm HA GOI 2.1 QUT RRIHH HINH RHAHH VA HHTR RRINH THI HRUNGG a' ? ? S A XUAT BNN PHAM O HANTI 2.1.1 Thi truang xuat ban ph£m o Ha Noi nen kinh te bao cap 44 45 2.1.2 Thi truang xuat ban pham o Ha Noi thai ky d6i mai 46 49 2.1.3 Thi truang xuat ban ph£m o Ha Noi co che thi truang 2.2 THUC TRANG THI TRUING XUAT BAN PHAM HA NOI 56 2.2.1 Tinh hinh san xuat xuat ban ph£m d Ha Noi I 2.2.2 Thue trang kinh doanh XBP trfen dia ban thu Ha Noi then ky 1997-2003 2.2.3 Thue trang quan ly Nha nude ve hoat dong kinh doanh XBP d Ha Noi 2.3 NHUNG HAN CHE VA TON TAI TRONG THI TRUONG XBP HA NOI 56 64 67 87 2.3.1 Nhung han che va tdn tai hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh XBP d Ha Noi 2.3.2 Nguyen nhan cua nhung han che va ton tai co che quan ly 87 thi trudng XBP 2.3.3 Nhung buc xue dat thi trudng xuat ban pham CHUONG 3: PHUONG HUONG VA GIAI PHAP CHU YEU NHAM THUC DAY PHAT TRIEN THI TRUING XUAT BAN PHAM HA NOI DEN NAM 2010 88 92 3.1 DINH HUONG VA PHAT TRIEN KINH TE - XA HOI CUA THU DO HA NOI DEN NAM 2010 3.1.1 Vi the cua thu Ha Noi va nhung bile xue dat qua trinh 98 phat trien 3.1.2 Cac dinh hudng phat trien kinh te cua Ha Noi den nam 2010 3.1.3 Mot so chi tifeu phat trifen kinh te-xa hoi Thu giai doan 2001 - 98 2005 va den 2010 3.2 PHUONG HUONG VA QUAN DIEM PHAT TRIEN THI TRUING 102 XUAT BAN PHAM CUA HA NOI DEN NAM 2010 99 102 Dang va Nha nude trudc sau luon coi xuat ban phcim la cong cu tri there 103 trfen mat tran van hoa tu tudng Doi mdi va phat huy vai tro chu dao cua doanh nghifep Nha nude kinh doanh xuat ban phdm 3.3 MOT SO GIAI PHAP CO BAN PHAT TRIEN THI TRUING XUAT BAN PHAM TREN DIA BAN HA NOI TRONG THdl GIAN TOl 3.3.1 Nhung can cii thuc tifen de dua giai phap 3.3.2 Nhung giai phap co ban phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham trfen dia 103 105 105 108 ban Ha Noi thdi gian tdi KET LUAN 114 DANH MUC BANG BIEU 117 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 118 CAC CHU VIET TAT TRONG LUAN VAN XBP: Xuat ban pham MSNTT: Trung tam thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe quoc te GAPP: Tong cue xuat ban va in an Trung Quoc WIPO: To chuc sb htru tri tue the gidi RPM: He thong tri gia ban lai WTO: To chiic thuong mai the gidi DNNN: Doanh nghiep Nha nude XHCN: Xa hoi chu nghia NXB: Nha xuat ban PHS: Phat hanh sach AFTA: Khu vuc tu ASEAN GDP: Tdng san ph£m quoc noi VHTT: Van hoa - Thong tin VAT: Thue gia tri gia tang TW: Trung uong MO DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai Sau 17 nam tien hanh ddi moi nen kinh te (1986-2003), mac du qua trinh chuydn doi co che quan ly kinh te gap nhieu kho khan nhung llnh vuc xuat ban cua ca nude noi chung va Ha Noi noi rieng da co nhieu tien bo va tuu to ldn, thich ung dan vdi ca che thi trudng dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghia, giu vung he thong td chuc, dap ung nhu cau cang cao ve xuat ban pham cua toan xa hoi, gop phan giu vung dn dinh chinh tri - xa hoi nang cao dan tri, phat trien kinh te dat nude Xuat ban pham la mot nhung hang hoa dac thu mang tinh van hoa xa hoi cao Trong cuoc song hang du d bat cu llnh vuc nao chung ta cung deu lam viec va tiep xue vdi xuat ban pham Ben canh nhung uu diem chuydn tai thong tin bien dudng loi chinh sach quan diem cua Dang va Nha nude tdi ban doc, xuat ban pham hien cung nhieu van dd bat cap nhu sach den, van hoa pham ddi truy, bang dia lau co noi dung khong lanh manh gay buc xue ddi song xa hoi Ben canh dd co che thi trudng cung dat ddi hoi phai xa hoi hoa nganh kinh doanh dac thu Nghi quyet dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thur IX cua Dang cong san Viet Nam, phuong hudng phat trien van hoa nhan manh: “Phan dau 80% gia dinh dat chuan gia dinh van hoa, 50% lang xom khu dat chuan van hoa qud'c gia, 78% xa phudng cd nha van hoa, binh quan mdi ngudi dan cd ban sach mOi nam ” De gop phan thuc hien tot cac chi tieu tren, vide phat tridn thi trudng xuat ban pham tren pham vi ca nude, cung nhu d Ha Noi la mot ddi hoi cap thiet giai doan hien Xuat phat tir tinh ca'p thiet neu tren, tac gia lua chon de tai “Phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham tren dia ban Ha Noi giai doan 2001-2010” lam de tai luan van thac sy kinh te' cua minh Muc tieu nghien cuu: Luan van hudng tdi cac muc tieu: - Lam rd ban chat, phan rich nhung dac trung co ban cua thi trudng xuat ban phdm - Tren co sd phan rich, danh gia thi trudng xuat ban phdm tai Ha Nbi luan van de xuat mdt so giai phap co ban nham phat tridn thi trudng xuat ban pham d Ha Noi giai doan 2001-2010 Doi tirong va pham vi nghien curu: Luan van nghien cuu hoat dong cua thi truang xuat ban pham b Ha Noi qua cac giai doan trade then ky d6i moi va tur ddi moi den Tuy nhien viec phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham la mot noi dung rong ldn, lien quan den nhieu llnh vuc it ngudi nghien cuu, do tac gia chi gidi han noi dung cua luan van pham vi nghien cuu hoat dong thi trudng xuat ban phaim voi mot so an pham chinh nhu: sach, bao, tap chi bang dia Luan van cung chi tap trung nghien cun, phan tich sau thuc trang thi trudng xua't ban ph£m tai Ha Noi tit 1998 den 2002 va du bao 2001 den 2010 Luan van tap trung de xuat mot so nhom giai phap co ban nhat nham thuc day phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham tai Ha Noi Phuong phap nghien curu: Luan van sir dung phuong phap luan vat bien chung va vat lich sir cua chu nghia Mac-Lenin lam phuong phap chu yeu qua trinh nghien cuu Luan van sir dung cac phuang phap: he thong hoa, thong ke, phan tich tdng hop so sanh doi chieu va du bao de tien hanh thuc hien muc dich nghien cuu da xac dinh Dong gop khoa hoc cua luan van: - He thong hoa nhung van de ly luan ve thi trudng noi chung va thi trudng xua't ban pham noi rieng - Phan tich thuc trang thi trudng xuat ban pham hien tai Ha Noi - De xuat phuong hudng giai phap phat trien da dang hoa thi trudng xuat ban pham tao nhieu hang hoa va dich vu giai doan 2001-2010 Ket cau cua luan van: Ngoai phan md dau, muc luc, he thong tai lieu tham khao, luan van dupe ket ca'u chuong: Chuong 1: Ly luan v£ thi trudng va thi trudng xua't ban phdm Chuang 2: Thuc trang thi trudng xua't ban pham d Ha Noi Chuong 3: Phuong hudng va giai phap chu yeu nham thuc day phat trien thi trudng xua't ban pham d Ha Noi den nam 2010 CHUONG1 Lt LUAN v£ THI TRUONG VA THI TRUONG XUAT BAN PHAM 1.1 LY LUAN VE THI TRUONG 1.1.1 Lich sir hinh va phat trien cua thi trudng Thi trudng la mot pham tru kinh te tong hop gin lifen vdi hoat dong trao doi, ltru thong hang hoa ddi va phat trien cung vdi su doi va phat trien cua san xuat va liru thong hang hoa Theo nghia ban dau, thi trudng gin lien vdi mot diem nhat dinh, nd la noi difen cac qua trinh trao doi, mua ban hang hoa Theo tinh khong gian va thdi gian, thi trudng cd thfe la hoi chq, cac dia chi hoac cac khu vuc tifeu thu phan theo cac nganh hang, mat hang Thi trudng dupe hinh th cud'i giai doan tan cua che cong san nguyfen thuy, xuat hien nhu cau trao ddi san pham thira giua cac bo toe San xuat hang hoa ddi va phat trien da tao budc phat trien nhay vot ve nang suat lao dong Muc dich cua san xuat khong phai hudng vao thoa man nhung nhu cau cua ban than ngudi san xuat hang hoa ma la hudng vao su trao ddi, su luu thong nhlm thoa man nhu cau cua ngudi khac Thi trudng luc gin vdi san xuat nhu hinh vdi bong va nd chi thuc su phat trifen tien te ddi lam cho qua trinh trao doi san phlm mang hinh thiic mdi la luu thong hang hoa Vdi nfen san xuat phat trien den trinh cao thi thi trudng cang dupe mb rong, dong thdi cung vdi su phat trifen cua thi trudng thi cac quan diem - ly luan vfe thi trudng cung phat trifen theo 1.1.1.1 Quan diem - ly luan cua cac nha kinh te trudc Mac ve thi tritdng a) Quan diem cua cac nha kinh tetheo chu nghia thitang Chu nghia thuong ddi giai doan phuong thuc san xult phong kife'n tan ra, phuong thtrc san xuat tu ban chu nghia mdi ddi Day la thdi ky tich luy nguyen thuy cua chu nghia tu ban ttr giua the ky XV den giua the kv XVII Quan difem ly luan vfe thi trudng cd the khai quat nhu sau: - Ho dong nhat tien te vdi cua cai, va xem tien te la tai san that su cua mot quoc gia Do do, muc dich chu yeu cac chinh sach kinh te cua mbi nude la phai gia tang dupe khoi lupng tien te - Ho cho rang khoi lupng tien te chi cd thfe gia tang bang dudng ngoai thuong Trong hoat dong ngoai thuong phai thuc hien chinh sach xuat sifeu va day manh hoat dong thuong nghifep Lpi nhuan tao linh vuc thuong nghifep la kfe't qua cua su trao ddi khdng ngang gia, ngudi thu dupe lpi nhuan thi ngudi khac bi thifet - Ho chu truong nha nude can thifep vao hoat dong kinh te de bao vfe thi trudng dan toe phat tribn Su bao trp cua nha nude ddi vdi hoat dong kinh te la dieu kifen rift quan cho su ddi va khlng dinh vi tri thong tri cua phuong thuc san xuat tu ban chu nghia Tuy nhien phai khuyen khich nha nude dung bao luc dd tao thi trudng Do la cac bidn phap phi kinh te - Ho chu truong xSy dung mot thi trudng ngoai te manh, ho cho ding hang hoa chi la phuong tien, la khau trung gian de dat dupe muc dfch thu dupe nhieu tien Thuyet thi trudng theo quan diem cua chu nghia thuong da thong tri mot thdi gian dai lich sir phat trien cua chu nghia tu ban, no co hat nhan hop ly, song cung chua dung nhieu yeu td bit hop ly va phi kinh te Chu nghia thuong chua thoat khdi gidi han cua llnh vuc luu thong b) Quan diem cua cac nha kinh te theo chu nghia nong Chu nghia nong xuat hien khuon kho thdi ky qua tir che phong kien sang che tu ban chu nghia nhung d giai doan cao hon Ngudi dung dau phai nong d Phap la kene (1694 - 1774) da phe phan quan diem cua phai thuong la thien can va khong cd y nghia ve ly luan va sai 15m ve thuc tidn Chu nghia nong coi luu thong, ddng thdi chuyen sang nghien ciru qua trinh tai san xuat va thuc hien san pham llnh vuc nong nghiep Kene da su dung "Bieu kinh te" de phan tich toan bo qua trinh tai san xuat cua chu nghia tu ban va chi nhung dieu kien quan de bao dam cho qua trinh tai san xuat dupe lien tuc Mot nhung dac diem quan la nhung ngudi theo phai nong da dua ly luan "Trat tu tu nhien" xuat phat tir chd ho thira nhan la cac quy luat kinh te khach quan khong nhung ton tai llnh vuc tu nhien ma ton tai ddi song xa hoi Thira nhan su phat trien cua kinh te va thi trudng la qua trinh tu nhien phu thuoc vao nhung quy luat nhat dinh, ma khong phu thuoc vao y chi cua ngudi c) Quan diem cua cac nha kinh te chinh tri tit san cd dien Adam Smith (1723 - 1790) da tiep tuc phat trien tu tudng "trat tu tu nhien" Theo ong chinh la mdi trudng hoat dong cua kinh te thi trudng tu ban chu nghia can phai cd cac didu kien: - Cd san xuat va trao doi hang hoa - Cd phat trien kinh te tren co so tu canh tranh - Quan he giua ngudi va ngudi la quan he phu thuoc ve kinh te - Nha nude khong can thiep vao qua trinh kinh te va giu vai tro bao ve cho chu nghia tu ban Ong goi cac quy luat dieu tiet ndn kinh te thi trudng tu ban chu nghia tu phat hoat ddng la nhung "ban tay vd hinh" Nhd no ma trat tu kinh te tu ban chu nghia dupe dam bao, khong bi hdn loan - Adam Smith phan tich phan cong lao dong da tao thi trudng, nhan td' cua thi trudng nhu ngudi mua, ngudi ban, cung, cau, gia ca va mdi quan he giua cac nhan td dd Lan dau tien cd mdt nha kinh te da phan chia thi trudng nhieu dang khac de nghien curu nhu thi truang hang hoa, thi trudng lao dong, thi trudng dat dai, thi trudng tu ban Song chu yeu dng di sSu phan tich thi trudng hang hoa va lao dong - Leon Walras (ngudi Phap) dua ly thuyet ve thang bing tdng quat, chia thi trudng tu ban chu nghia loai: Thi trudng san pham, thi trudng tu ban va thi trudng lao dong Tuong ung vdi thi trudng san ph dm co gia ca hang hoa, thi trudng tu ban co gia ca la lai suat, thi trudng lao dong cd gia ca la tien luong Dd cd su can bang tdng quat thi phi tdn san xuat phai ngang bang vdi gia ca hang hoa tren ca ba thi trudng I.I.I.2 Quan diem cua cac nha kinh te hien dai cudi the ky XIX dau theky XX - Adfre Marshall (1842 - 1924) vdi tac pham ndi tieng "Nhung nguyen tic cua kinh t< chinh tri hoc" Theo ong, gia ca la quan he so luong ma hang hoa dupe ddi lay tidn, ddi vdi ngudi ban gia ca dupe xac dinh theo "ich lpi gidi han" (lpi fch can bien) Dieu cd y nghia la so san pham de thoa man nhu cau tang len thi muc cap thiet de thoa man nhu ciu giam xuong Do vay gia ca se theo chieu giam xuo'ng cung vdi mure cap thiet cua nhu cdu Tren thi trudng gia ca se la giao diem giua ngudi mua va ngudi ban gap ve lpi fch, hay gia ca bmh quan, tuc la tai diem ma ngudi mua dong y mua va ngudi ban dong y ban Day chinh la co so ly thuyet cho su phan tfch va giai thich gia ca tren thi trudng - John Keynes tac pham "Ly thuyet chung ve viec lam, lai suat va tien te" (1936) Theo ong, Nha nude phai cd chuong trinh dau tu ldn dd thu hut lao dong vao llnh vuc san xuat kinh doanh, turc la phai cd su can thiep cua nha nude Nhd ngudi lao dong se cd viec lam va thu nhap, vi vay tieu dung tang len, gia ca hang hoa cung tang len Th lam cho lpi nhuan cua doanh nhan tang len, kich thich tinh tich cue dau tu cua doanh nhan lam cho kinh te tiep tuc phat trien, khic phuc khung hoang va that nghiep Nhu vay, kinh te thi trudng khong the tu dieu tiet dupe ma Nha nude phai thuc hien vai tro dieu tiet kinh te thi trudng Ly thuyet cua Keynes da dupe cac nude tu ban ap dung rong rai mot thdi gian dai vdi muc dich la chong khung hoang that nghiep Song nhung nam thuc hien ctr nam lai cd mot lan chan dong kinh te, nan that nghiep lai cd xu hudng gia tang Do vay, cac nha kinh te to nghi ngd hoc thuyet cua Keynes va hinh nen kinh te hoc cua trudng phai chinh hien dai Trong tac phdm "Kinh te hoc" cua minh Paul A.Samuelson (1948) chu truong phat trien kinh te phai dua vao ca "hai ban tay" la co che thi trudng va Nha nude Ong cho ring, "dieu hanh mot nen kinh te khong cd chinh phu hoac thi trudng cung nhu dinh vd tay bing mot ban tay" Theo P.A Samuelson, co che thi trudng la mot hinh thuc th chuc kinh te, ca nhan ngudi tieu dung va nha kinh doanh tac dong lin qua thi trudng de xac dinh ba vin de trung tarn cua td chuc kinh te la: Cai gi? Nhu the nao? Cho ai? "Mot nen kinh te thi trudng la mdt co che tinh vi dd phoi hpp mot each khdng tu giac nhan dan va doanh nghiep thong qua he thong gia ca thi trudng Nd la phuong tien giao tiep dd tap hpp tri thifc va hanh dOng cua hang trieu ca nhan khac nhau, khong cd bo nao 10 tren dia ban” Nhung dinh hudng tren cua Dang bo Ha Noi phu hop vdi nhung quan didm cua Dang va Nha nudc ve phat tridn thi trudng xuat ban phdm Dang bo Ha Noi cung da de cac chi tieu phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua phd giai doan 2001 -2010 Bang 9: Cac chi tieu phat trien kinh te - xa hoi chu yeu cua phd Ha Noi giai doan 2001 - 2010 Don vi Nam 2000 Nam 2005 Nam 2010 Trieu ngudi 2,73 3,2 % 9,14 (2001-2005) 10-11 (2001-2010) 10-11 USD/ngudi 990 1500 2200-2300 Cac chi tieu STT Dan sd trung binh Tdc tang GDP binh quan nam GDP binh quan dau ngudi (tinh theo ti gia FOB nam 1989) Co cdu kinh te % 100 100 100 - cong nghiep % 38,0 41,5 42 - dich vu % 58,2 55,5 56 - nong nghiep % 3,8 3,0 2,0 (2001-2005) (2001-2010) Tdc tang gia tri san xuat (gia 1994) - cong nghiep % 15 14,5-15,5 14-15 - dich vu % 8,9 9-10 10-10,5 - nong nghiep % 4,5 3,5-4 2,5-3 Tdc tang trudng kim ngach xuat khau % 20 (2001-2005) 16-18 (2001-2010) 16-18 Nha d dd thi m2/ngudi 7-7,5 8-9 Van tai hanh khach cong cong % 20-25 40-45 Sd lao dong duqc giai quyet viec lam hang nam nghin ngudi 55 60 66 10 Ty le that nghiep thi % 7,95 5.5-6,5% 5,5-6 11 Ty le phd cdp trung hoc phd thong va tuong duong % 38 70 100 - ty le phd cdp trung hoc co sd % 100 100 100 12 Ty le tang dan sd tu nhien % 1,09 1,06-1,07 1,05 13 Ty le ho ngheo theo chudn mdi % 7,3 4-5 Nguon: Bao cao chinh tri Dai hoi dai bieu lan thu 13 Ddng bo Ha Noi 106 b Du bao mot so chi tieu giai doan 2001 - 2010 tren dia ban thu Hoan tu sach 1000 nam Thang Long Ha Noi: vdi cac de tai: Du dia chi Ha Noi van hoa ngudi Ha Noi net aim thuc cua ngudi Ha Noi vdi tong so 15 dau sach vdi so luong mdi dau sach 5000 ban Ha Noi se la trung tam in va xuat ban ldn nhat cua ca nudc vdi nhung cong nghe tien tien va hien dai, va tat ca cac tiem luc ldn cua Trung uong ve xuat ban in, phat hanh deu tap trung tren dia ban thu Ha Noi Ha Noi se la noi dau tien ca nudc dat ban sach mot dau ngudi ve dan so cua Ha Noi ft hon pho' Hd Chf Minh nhung so luong xuat ban pham lam khong thua kem Hd Chf Minh, den nam 2010 co the dat ban sach tren dau ngudi Thanh pho' Ho Chf Minh da co Tdng cong ty van hoa Sai Gon day la doanh nghiep Tdng cong ty kinh doanh xuat ban pham khep kin tu xuat ban - in - phat hanh Trong tuong lai khong xa Ha Noi cung co the co Tdng cong ty kinh doanh xuat ban pham rieng cua minh Cac co sd in tu nhan se tien tdi duoc phep in binh ding nhu cac co sd in khac va theo quy luat cua co che thi trudng den mot luc nao se co Nha xuat ban tu nhan c Nhung nhan to tuong lai anh hudng den giai phap Cach mang khoa hoc cong nghe tiep tuc phat trien cang cao do mang xuat ban pham khoa hoc ky thuat se tang len ca ve so' cuon va ban in Dac biet anh hudng den cong nghe xuat ban va cong nghe in an phat hanh Xu hudng toan cau hoa, khu vuc hoa doi hoi phai xu ly tot hon cac khau de co du dieu kien hoi nhap Xu hudng tien tdi mot xa hoi thong tin mot xa hoi hoc tap va ndn kinh te tri thuc se lam cho xuat ban phim mai ton tai va thi trudng cang phat trien Cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa kem theo thi hoa se lam tang nhu cau xuat ban pham den nam 2010 dan so dd thi se chiem khoang 35% dan so ca nudc Thi trudng 10 nam tdi se phat trien manh me lam cho xuat ban pham dd bi thuong mai hoa Doi tuong su dung nhidu xuat ban pham nhat la sinh vien va hoc sinh den nam 2010 udc khoang 30 trieu ngudi cong vdi trinh hoc van cua ngudi dan duoc nang cao cung se lam tang nhu cau xuat ban pham Cac hinh thai cua xuat ban pham se phong phu va da dang cong nghe thong tin se chiem linh dan cac san pham in truyen thong Hien cong nghe thong tin chiem linh 30% bing cac phuong tien nghe nhin dien tu 70% la san pham in truyen thong den 2010 se la 50% thong tin dien tu lai 50% la cac san pham in truven thong nhung d muc in nhieu mau hon 107 3.3.2 Nhirng giai phap co ban phat trien thi trudng xuat ban phhm tren dia ban Ha Noi thdi gian tdi a Nhom gidi phap nang cao hieu luc quan ly Nha nuoc, hoan thien cac van ban phap luat, xay dung co che chinh sach ddng bo doi vdi hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham - Bd tri du can bo theo bien che cho cac co quan quan ly Nha nuoc vd kinh doanh xuat ban pham tir Bo Van hoa Thong tin den Uy ban nhan dan cac tinh phd de co du nang luc quan ly kinh doanh xuat ban phaim Hien can bo quan ly kinh doanh xuat ban tir Trung uong den dia phuong mong va thieu dac biet cac can bo chuyen nganh duqc dao tao chinh quy can phai duqc bo sung tir den 2010 phai khac phuc tinh trang thieu can bo theo bien che, dd doi ngu ngudi du ve sd Iuqng va trinh giai quyet cong viec quan ly tren dia ban ca nudc va tap trung tai thu dd Ha Noi - Ha Noi la trung tam ldn ve kinh doanh xuat ban pham phai cd phong chuyen nganh quan ly ca ve khau xuat ban - in - phat hanh phong quan ly xuat ban hien naydo thieu can bo mod chi tap trung d khau quan ly xuat ban ma thdi, cac cong viec khac ve quan ly kinh doanh xuat ban phdm lai chu yeu Thanh tra Sd Van hoa Thong tin dam nhan chi d muc kiem tra giam sat chua thuc su la co quan quan ly ve kinh doanh xuat ban pham tren dia ban thu dd Ha Noi - Hien viec quan ly kinh doanh xua't ban pham tren dia ban thu Ha Noi chong cheo giua trung uong va dia phuong, cac co quan kinh doanh xuat ban pham cung mot luc bi rang buoc va chiu su kiem tra giam sat cua nhieu co quan chuc nang cua Bo Van hoa Thong tin, cua Sd Van hoa Thong tin cua co quan chu quan, cua cac co quan cong an ve mot loai hinh kinh doanh didn hinh nha't la cac doanh nghiep in can xac dinh rd quydn han trach nhiem va quy che phoi hqp hoat dong quan ly giua co quan Nha nudc vd kinh doanh xuat ban pham vdi cac co quan chu quan de khac phuc tinh trang ke tren khong phu hqp vdi co che thi trudng bdi vi co che' thi trudng cho phep cac doanh nghiep canh tranh theo mot hanh lang phap luat thong nhat la luat doanh nghiep - Bo Van hoa Thong tin phan cap cho Sd Van hoa Thong tin Ha Noi them mot so nhiem vu va quydn han quan ly hoat dong kinh doanh xua't ban pham tren dia ban Thu dd tranh cac thu tuc phien doanh nghiep cung mot luc phai gap go vdi Sd Van hoa Thong tin vdi co quan chuc nang cua Bo Van hoa Thong tin de lam thu tuc dang ky hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham Ddng thdi nghien cuu loai bd mot so loai giay phep va giam bdt mot sd loai thu tuc hd so viec cap phep hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham phu hqp vdi quy dinh cua phap luat - Viec ap dung ma sd ma vach da cd tir lau tren the gidi ddi vdi mat hang xuat ban pham nhung nam gan day mdi ap dung song chua nhat quan va thong nhat bdi mdi co quan xuat ban, mdi nha in, mdi noi phat hanh ban hang qua sieu thi deu cd ma vach rieng cua minh dd mot cuon sach tai cira hang sach cd den hoac ma vach dan de len Do xua't ban pham cua Viet Nam hau nhu ft duqc xua't kh^u nen cac 108 doanh nghiep chua chu den ma so sach chuan quoc te (ISBN) la mot nhung dieu kien tham nhap thi truong nudc ngoai, do viec xSy dung va ap dung he thong ma so sach chuan quoc te (ISBN) tien tdi ap dung bat buoc he thong ma so sach quoc te cho tat ca cac don vi kinh doanh xuat ban pham la quan va can thiet co che thi truong - Sua ddi, ban hanh cac van ban phap luat, co che quan ly va cac chfnh sach dong bo thong nhat lien quan den kinh doanh xuat ban pham - Sua doi mot so' dieu cua Bo luat xuat ban Sau gan 10 nam thuc hien Bo luat xuat ban da co mot so dieu chua phu hop Chu truong Nha nudc nam giu xua't ban nhung thuc te co che' thi truong cac tu nhan da tham gia xua't ban vdi hinh thUc lien ket hoac mua gia'y phep Nhung vu viec sai pham cua cac Nha xua't ban va xuat ban pham bi dinh chi hoac bi phat va thu giu chu veu tap trung vao khau lien ket vdi tu nhan Cac nha sach tu nhan bo tien mua hoac dat hang ban thao vdi cac tac gia sau ten Nha xuat ban roi tra mot khoan tien quan ly xuat ban th 5-8% gia bia vdi sd' luong binh quan 1.000 ban doi vdi Nha xuat ban nhung in co the’ nhieu hon so luong dang ky khong phai tra them tien cho tac gia hoac Nha xua't ban Mat khac cac Nha xuat ban chi cap giay phep ma khong kiem soat duoc noi dung va so luong in do mdi co ten sach dang ky la mot de tai nhung noi dung sach lai khong phai nhu vay Trong tuong lai tu nhan se tham nhap sau hon thi luat xuat ban se phai lam ro dieu de thi truong phat trien nhieu phan Viec cap giay phep xuat ban hien cung tranh cai Co quan diem cho rang viec ca'p phep quyen chu dong cua Nha xua't ban hoac co the bai bo giay phep xuat ban Nhung trudc mat Bo Van hoa Thong tin van thong nha't Cuc xuat ban vin duvet ke hoach de tai roi giao cho Nha xuat ban cap gia'y phep Ben canh viec xin phep bo sung tai ban cung co phan can trd, nhieu cuo'n sach phai xin giay phep nhieu la tai ban d nudc ngoai chi ca'p phep mot lan so luong in bao nhieu la thi truong va nha san xuat quyet dinh Do theo co che thi truong tu nhan da kinh doanh in, kinh doanh phat hanh va kinh doanh lien ket xuat ban tat ve'u tuong lai den luc nao se co Nha xua't ban tu nhan Vay quan diem chung ta chua cho phep tu nhan lap Nha xuat ban song co che thi truong tu doi hoi thi cac nha quan ly cung phai tfnh den - Danh gia lai de an thuc hien muc tieu Dai hoi Dang toan quoc lan thu da de ban sach dau nguoi vao nam 2005 Hien nav muc tieu thu sach binh quan la 2,5 ban sach dau nguoi day mdi tfnh so luong xuat ban chia cho so dan nhung thuc te so xuat ban pham lam ton dong cac co sd phat hanh dac biet nam d cac thu vien nhung chua duoc su dung, day cung la va'n de dang chu y - Cho phep cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh xuat ban pham co 100% von cua Nha nudc duoc giu lai thue thu nhap doanh nghiep dudi hinh thuc ghi thu, ghi chi de’ bd sung vao von luu dong hoac dau tu Hau nhu toan bo cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh xuat ban pham deu khong duoc cap du von kinh doanh theo quy dinh neu co duoc cap cung mdi d muc 10 - 15% theo ke hoach Do viec thieu vo'n cung anh hudng ldn den kinh doanh theo dinh hudng 109 - Thue gia tri gia tang (VAT) la loai thue cd tinh uu viet doi vdi da so nganh nghe song ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh xuat ban phaim cd han che Hien ton tai muc thue 10%, 5% va 0% Dd nghi ap dung muc thue chung la 5% ddi vdi tat ca cac mat hang xuat ban pham - Midn giam tien thue dat cho cac don vi kinh doanh xuat ban phaim - Cap kinh phi cho cac co quan kinh doanh xuat ban pham mua hoac dat hang ban thao cd gia tri nhung chua cd dieu kien xuat ban - Ve tro cuoc van chuyen xuat ban pham: Duy tri va tang muc tro cuoc hang nam dd van chuyen xuat ban pham len midn nui va phuc vu thong tin ddi ngoai, md rong pham vi hudng tro cap di tir huyen xuong cac xa - Hoan thien viec xay dung tieu chuain ky thuat vd cap bac the nganh in va tieu chuan quoc gia ve chat lupng ky thuat ddi vdi sach vao nam 2005 - Xay dung quy dinh chuong trinh gia sach ddng thdi xav dung khung gia bia xuat ban pham va khung chiet khau ddi vdi cac xuat ban pham nhat la sach Gia sach hien chi quy dinh ghi gia bia ma khong cd khung gia cho nen nhieu ngudi san xuat nang gia bia qua cao dd trir % cao cho ngudi trung gian nhung lam thiet hai ngudi mua O cac nudc quy dinh khong duqc ban dudi gia bia Day la van de buc xue xa hoi dang quan tam + Dao tao va nang cao chat lupng ngudn nhan luc cho cac co quan quan ly va kinh doanh xuat ban pham - Trinh tot nghiep dai hoc kinh doanh xuat ban pham thap so vdi nhidu nganh dd ve xuat ban tri viec dao tao dai hoc vd xuat ban tai phan vien bao chf tuyen truyen thuoc Hoc vien chinh tri quo'c gia Hd Chf Minh - Tiep tuc dao tao ky su va cao dang cong nghe in tai Trudng Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Noi - Tiep tuc dao tao bac dai hoc ve phat hanh sach tai Trudng Dai hoc Van hoa Ha Noi - Ha Noi hien chua cd mot co sd nao dao tao chuydn nganh kinh doanh xuat ban pham ma chu yeu la cua Trung uong dung tren dia ban, dd crin cd mot co sd dao tao chuydn nganh rieng cua Ha Noi - O cap trung uong nen lap mot trudng dai hoc rieng cho chuydn nganh kinh doanh xuat ban pham bao gdm xuat ban - in - phat hanh - Chu dao tao can bo trung cap va cong nhan ky thuat, thieu rat nhidu cong nhan ky thuat nhat la nganh in b Nhom gidi phap khoa hoc cong nghe: + Tap trung hien dai hoa co sd vat chat + Linh vuc xuat ban 110 - Dau tu ngan sach cho cac Nha xuat ban trang bi cong nghe che' ban dien tu tien tien bang mav Max loai bo cac may che ban thong thuong nham nang cao chat luong che ban cua Nha xuat ban - Xay dung trung tam du lieu ve hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham de hien dai hoa qua trinh bien tap va quan ly xuat ban pham theo tieu chuan quoc te (ISBN) - Dau tu xav dung trung tam xuat ban sach dien tu tai Ha Noi de tang so luong ban sach dien tu len 10% khong phai 5% nhu hien + Linh vuc in - Loai bo dan cac mav in ofset the he cu, dau tu trang bi he thong in ofset lien hoan tu khau in den san pham de nang cao chat luong xuat ban pham va dam bao thdi gian nhanh nhat - Trang bi them cac may in phim hien dai cua cac hang noi tieng cua Nhat va Duc de tang cao phan giai va chat luong hinh anh - Ha Noi va Ho Chi Minh duoc danh gia la trung tam din dau ve ky thuat in song vin cdn khoang cach kha xa so vdi cac nudc khu vuc Ky thuat in ofset cdn ton tai vai chuc nam nua nhung the gidi da co cong nghe in kho, chung ta hien chua co mot may in nao theo cong nghe Cong nghe in ofset hien phai lam am bang nudc hoac lanh ben canh muc in la dang the long cho nen cac phan tu in vin co cac phan tu nudc lam bien dang giay in Cong nghe in kho hoan toan khong co phin tu nudc va thiet bi dau no'i truc tiep vdi may in do bo qua cac cong doan binh ban, phoi hien ban Tat ca deu duoc thiet ke trinh bay tren may tinh roi dua thing may in Cac thong so' ky thuat deu duoc kiem soat va luu tren mav tinh do chat luong san pham in lan dau lan sau deu dat chat luong cao Tat nhien cong nghe in chua cap va gia cdn cao nhung nganh in nudc ta cung phai bit dau lam quen vdi cong nghe mdi + Linh vuc phat hanh - Viec ban sach qua mang dang bien hien tren dia ban Ha Noi co khoang trang Web ban xuat ban pham qua mang, xu the dang phat trien tren the gidi song Ha Noi va ke ca cac co quan Trung uong cdn chua thuc su nhap cuoc - Trong tuong lai Ha Noi phai xay dung mot sieu thi xuat ban pham vdi dien tich hang ngan met vuong trd len duoc trang bi hien dai phuc vu nhu cau van hoa cang tang cua nguoi dan thu c Day manh xa hoi hoa cac hoat dong kinh doanh xuat han pham, huy dongtoi da cac nguon luc - Trong nen kinh te thi truong hien nay, nhieu linh vuc cua doi song kinh te xa hoi da tung budc duoc xa hoi hoa va thu duoc hieu qua tot dep theo muc tieu anh hudng ma Dang va Nha nudc da de “Din giau, nudc manh, xa hoi cong bang van minh” Trong linh vuc kinh doanh xuat ban pham, vin de xa hoi hoa da duoc dat nhu 111 mot ddng luc thuc day kinh doanh xuat ban pham phat trien tinh hinh hien Xa hoi hoa cac hoat ddng kinh doanh xuat ban pham cd nghia la bien cac hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham trd hoat dong dupe xa hoi quan tam va nuoi dudng Hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham khong chi la rieng cua nganh van hoa ma dupe su tham gia cua nhidu nganh va moi tang ldp nhan dan Xa hoi cang phat trien thi nhu cau hudng thu xuat ban pham cang cao Van hoa doc cd tac dong ldn su nghiep phat tridn nhan td ngudi cua toan xa hoi Hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham co che thi trudng cd hai mat tich cue va tieu cue Mat tich cue cua thi trudng la ddi hdi cac hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham phai dap ung dupe nhu cau cua xa hoi thuc daiy nd phai canh tranh ve cac mat hoat dong phai nang dong sang tao luon ddi mdi Mat tieu cue cua thi trudng la day cac hoat dong xuat ban pham vao dudng thuong mai hoa chay theo lpi nhuan nhu cac hang hoa thong thuong Bdi vay xa hoi hoa va dinh hudng cac hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham la su nghiep chung ma nghi quyet Hoi nghi lan thu nam Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang khoa VIII da neu la: “Phat huy chu nghia yeu nude vd truyen thong dai doan ket dan toc, y thuc doc lap tu chu tu cudng xay dung vd bao ve To quoc xa hoi chu nghia, xay dung vd phat trien nen van hoa Viet Nam tien tien dam dd ban sac dan toc, tiep thu tinh hoa van hoa nhan loai, lam cho van hoa tham sau vao toan bo ddi song vd hoat dong xa hdi, vao tung ngudi, tung gia dinh, tieng tap the vd cong dong, titng dia ban dan cu, vao moi Iinh vuc sinh hoat vd quan he ngudi, tao tren dat nudc ta ddi song tinh than cao dep, trinh dan tri, khoa hoc phat trien, phuc vu dac luc su nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa vi muc tieu dan giau, nudc manh, xa hoi cong bdng van minh, tien budc vung chac len chu nghia xa hoi” Do vay xa hoi hoa cac hoat dong kinh doanh xudt ban pham tren ca nudc va dia ban thu Ha Noi tap trung giai quyet cac van dd sau day: - Tren dia ban Ha Noi hien cd khoang 500 co sd in va hon 1.200 diem kinh doanh xuat ban pham vdi 32 Nha xuat ban cung hoat dong tren dia ban, song ban than dia phuong Ha Noi chi co Nha xuat ban tdng hpp, cong ty phat hanh xuat ban, nha in; nhu vay qua ft ma tap trung tren dia ban chu yeu la cac co sd cua Trung uong Do viec xa hoi hoa cac hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham de phat trien thi trudng kinh doanh xua't ban pham la dieu tat yeu ddi vdi Ha Noi - Tiep tuc phat huy nhung ket qua tich cue hoat dong lien doanh ve xuat ban in va phat hanh giua cac to chuc cua Nha nudc vdi cac td chuc xa hoi va tu nhan cung vdi cac Nha xuat ban tao nhidu loai xuat ban pham thu hut dupe nhieu ngudn von ma hien cac co sd kinh doanh xuat ban pham thieu von trdm - Day manh cac phong trao tuyen truyen quang cao thi khuyen khich doc tim hieu va lam theo sach bao tren cac phuong tien thong tin dai chung Md rong hoat dong thu vien cho cac trudng hoc ban nganh cac td chtrc chinh tri xa hoi Td chuc nhidu cuoc thi sang tac giao luu giua cac ca nhan ngudi viet vdi cac td chuc kinh doanh xuat ban pham de tim hieu nhu cau doc va tao phong trao nhidu ngudi doc sach - Tang cudng hoat dong cua Hoi xuat ban va Hoi in Ha Noi nham md rong them hoi vien tuyen truyen quang ba nghe nghiep tdi moi phan tren dia ban 112 - Cho phep dal cac chi nhanh van phong dai dien cua cac tap doan cong nghiep xuat ban va cac nha in cua nudc ngoai tren dia ban thu - Cd phan hoa cac co so' kinh doanh xuat ban pham tren dia ban theo chu truong da dupc chinh phu phe duyet nham phat hanh duoc nhieu cd phieu huy dong von nhan rdi dan phat huy vai tro quan ly lam chu nang cao chat lupng cua cac doanh nghiep cd phan - Khuyen khich va che chinh sach dau tu nudc ngoai vao linh vuc in gia cong bao bi nhan mac, md rong chuc nang in cho cac co so in tu nhan - Md rong doi tupng dupc phep xuat nhap khau sach bao - Thanh lap cac cong tv cd phan va trach nhiem huu han ve phat hanh xuat ban pham - Phat huy hoat dong cua cac diem buu dien van hoa xa huy dons them von mua sach cua nganh buu dien - Thanh lap va khuyen khich cac td chuc va ca nhan md them cac diem kinh doanh xuat ban tai cac quan mdi nhu Gia Lam, Thanh Xuan, Tay Ho d cac noi dan cu tap trung dong duc co nhu cau hudng thu xuat ban pham nhu cac dia diem phuc vu la han che ve mat bang cho hoat dong kinh doanh xuat ban pham d Tang cacmg nang cao hieu qua hop tac quocte chuan hi hoi nhap khu cicc - Tranh thu moi su hop tac quoc te tao dieu kien cho kinh doanh xuat ban pham hoa nhap voi cac nudc ASEAN - - Ddi mdi ky thuat cong nghe quan ly chat lupng dd chuan bi dieu kien hoi nhap - Tang kim ngach xuat khau ve in gia cong nhan hang hoa cho nudc ngoai de hoc hoi kinh nghiem va ddi mdi cong nghe - Tang so lupng xuat ban pham xuat nhap khau tren dia ban Ha Noi nhat la cac loai van hoa pham tranh anh buu thiep, lich to de giao luu va co kinh nghiem hoi nhap - Khuyen khich va tao dieu kien cho cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh xuat ban pham viec mua ban ban quyen dich va xuat ban vdi cac Nha xuat ban nudc ngoai - Cho phep cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh xuat ban pham va cac ca nhan dupc lap cac chi nhanh tai nudc ngoai hd trp giao dich xuat nhap khau van hoa pham vdi nudc ngoai - Hd trp tai chinh va dau tu kinh phi td chuc dinh ky Hoi chp trien lam quoc te ve xuat ban pham tai thu Ha Noi va tien tdi hoi chp truyen thong cua khu vuc va quoc te tai Ha Noi - Tu nam 2001 trd di nen hd trp 50% kinh phi cho cac doanh nghiep xuat ban pham tham gia hoi chp sach quoc te hoac trung bay gidi thieu xuat ban pham Viet Nam tai nudc ngoai 113 - Bai bd giay phep xuat khdu doi vdi nhung xuat ban pham da dupe xuat ban ma khdng bi dinh chi luu hanh tai Viet Nam - Xay dung chuong trinh xuat ban phdm 1000 nam Thang Long dd phuc vu thong tin doi ngoai cua thu tuyen truydn chfnh sach cua Dang va Nha nudc nudc ngoai - Thanh lap trang Web gidi thieu xuat ban phdm cua Ha Noi tren mang Internet e Tdng cudng cong tdc tra vd kiem tra - Hien tra chuydn nganh van hoa thong tin da cd bo may tir trung uong den dia phuong va hoat dong td cd hieu qua Da kidm tra kiem soat toan bp hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh xuat ban phdm Tren dia ban Ha Noi, tra Sd Van hoa Thong tin pho'i hop cung cong an chuydn nganh da phat hien nhieu trudng hop vi pham ban quyen va nhan ban diem la cac loai xuat ban phdm bang nhac dia hat dia hinh d tu diem phuc tap nhu cho trdi Hang Bai - Thuc te cung cho thay cac doanh nghiep va cac co sd san xuat kinh doanh xuat ban phdm ngoai viec bi kiem tra kiem soat nhu cac doanh nghiep khac cd nhidu luc lupng chuyen nganh nhu an ninh van hoa, tra van hoa canh sat trat tu hanh chfnh xa hoi Trung binh mot thang cac doanh nghiep phai tiep don tir den doan kiem tra chuyen nganh - Xuat phat tir dac diem tren, de nghi cac luc lupng kidm tra chuydn nganh xuat ban phdm tap trung cho tra van hoa cd ke hoach kiem tra dinh ky chu khong dot xudt gay kho khan cho doanh nghiep Con cac luc lupng cong an chi tien hanh kidm tra cd cac vu viec cu the vi pham xay KET LUAN CHUONG III Doi vdi thi trudng xudt ban phdm, Ddng vd Nha nudc luon quan tam vd khdng dinh vai trd chu dao cua cac doanh nghiep Nha nudc, xudt ban khdng chi la hang hoa thong thudng md la cong cu tren mat tran vdn hoa tu tudng Viec quy hoach vd phat trien thi trudng xudt ban phdm phai can eft vao dudng loi chinh sach cua Trung uong vd thu Hd Noi, la mot mang thi trudng khdng ldn nhung nd co y nghia vd cung quan trong ddi song vdn hoa tinh than vd nen kinh tetri thuc Xd hoi cang phat trien khoa hoc ky thuat cang tien bo thi tiem nang cua xudt ban phdm cang ldn vd nd cang duoc nang niu tran vd duoc dau tu thich dang nhung thdi gian tdi 114 KET LUAN Sau horn 15 nam doi mdi cung vdi su phat trifen cua nfen kinh te theo co che thi trudng dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghia, thi trudng hang hoa va dich vu noi chung cung nhu thi trudng xuat ban pham noi rifeng da thuc su hinh va cang cd vai trd ddi song kinh te xa hoi va van hoa cua nudc ta Tuy nhifen cung nhifeu han che chu quan va khach quan thi trudng xuat ban pham d nudc ta thieu ddng bo va thong nhat Dfe tao da cho su phat trien manh me hon nua cua thi trudng dieu kien tirng budc hinh nen kinh te tri thuc d Viet Nam phuc vu cho su nghiep cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa dat nudc ddi hdi phai cd cac quan difem dinh hudng va dfe xuat cac giai phap cd tinh kha thi nham phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham trfen dia ban Ha Noi va ca nudc Ddi chieu vdi muc tifeu nghifen cuu luan van da dat dupe nhung ket qua sau day: 1) He tho'ng hoa dupc nhung van dfe ly luan co ban ve thi trudng noi chung va di sau vao thi trudng xuat ban pham dieu kien nen kinh tfe' thi trudng 2) Nghifen cuu kinh nghiem cua mot sd quoc gia khu vuc vfe phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham, qua dd rut mot sd bai hoc cho Viet Nam: a/ Md hinh phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham cua Trung Quoc kha phu hop vdi Viet Nam: - Phat huy vai tro chu dao cua doanh nghiep nha nudc dd la cac tap doan kinh te xuat ban - in - phat hanh - Tang cudng str chi dao quan ly cua Nha nudc bang luat phap b/Nhung uu diem can phat huy: - Nha nudc tai trp cho cac chuong trinh san xuat theo ke hoach dupc duvet - Giam thue VAT va thue xuat khau phat huy lpi the nhan cong lao dong re - Tang cudng san xuat cac loai xuat ban pham cho tre em - Tang cudng cac xuat ban pham in bang tieng Anh - Khuyen khich tu nhan tham gia thi trudng ke ca sach giao khoa - Nha nudc bd tien dao tao lao dong c/ Nhung kho khan can han che: - Nan vi pham an cap ban quyen phd bien, nhat la sach giao khoa - Thieu su ddng bo va phoi hop giua he tho'ng cua Nha nudc va tu nhan 115 3) Luan van da khai quat va phan tich thuc trang thi trudng xuat ban pham cua Ha Noi giai doan hien ddng thdi cung chi dupe cac tuu va nguyen nhan ton tai cdn khAc phuc: a/ Cac van ban phap luat cdn thieu ddng bo va thong nhat b/ Thieu chinh sach dac thu hd trq doanh nghiep xuat ban phaim c/ Han che kidm tra kidm soat d/ Hieu luc quan ly Nha nudc cdn chua cao 4) Luan van da trinh bay ro nhung quan diem dinh hudng va cac dieu kien can thiet dd phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham d Viet Nam va thu Ha Noi a/ Xuat ban pham luon la hang hoa dac thu la cong cu tn thuc tren mat tran van hoa tu tudng b/ Doi mdi va phat huy vai trd chu dao cua doanh nghiep Nha nudc san xuat va kinh doanh xuat ban pham c/ Xa hoi hoa cac hoat dong van hoa 5) Cuoi cung luan van cung da dd xuat duqc cac nhom giai phap co ban nham thuc day phat trien thi trudng xuat ban pham tren dia ban thu Ha Noi den nam 2010 gdm nhom giai phap: a/ Nang cao hieu luc quan ly nha nudc, hoan thien cac van ban phap luat, xay dung co che' chinh sach ddng bo ddi vdi hoat dong san xuat va kinh doanh xuat ban phdm + Cung cd hoan thien co che quan ly nha nudc tir trung uong den dia phuong + Sira doi ban hanh cac van ban phap luat, co che' quan ly va cac chinh sach ddng bo b/ Phat tridn khoa hoc va cong nghe: + Doi vdi hoat dong in + Xua't ban + Phat hanh c/ Day manh xa hoi hoa cac hoat dong san xua't, kinh doanh xua't ban pham, huy dong toi da cac nguon luc d/ Tang cudng nang cao hieu qua hqp tac quoc te' va chuan bi hoi nhap khu vuc e/ Duy tri va chan chinh cong tac tra va kiem tra cac hoat dong san xua't kinh doanh xuat ban pham 116 DANH MUC BANG BIEU STT Ten bang Sd trang Bang so Binh quan ban sach tren dau nguoi cua thu Ha Noi 50 Bang so Nhu cau xuat ban phdm cua khach hang tren thi trudng 53 xuat ban pham Ha Noi Bang so Phan tram khach hang Ha Noi thoa man nhu cau 54 xuat ban phdm Bang so Thong ke so lupng sach xuat ban cua ca nudc 1998 - 2002 57 Bang so Sd lupng xuat ban phdm san xuat tai Ha Noi 2000 - 2003 58 Bang so Ty thi phdn xuat ban phdm cua doanh nghiep nha nudc 65 Ha Noi so vdi thi trudng xuat ban phdm mot sd tinh Bang so Tinh hinh thuc hien mot sd chi tieu kinh doanh 66 xuat ban phdm cua doanh nghiep nha nudc tai Ha Noi Bang so Tdc tang trudng GDP cua Ha Noi so vdi binh quan 107 cua ca nudc Bang so Cac chi tieu phat trien kinh te - xa hoi chu yeu cua phd Ha Noi giai doan 2001 - 2010 117 108 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Ban tu tuong van hoa Trung uong: Xa hoi hoa hoat dong van hoa - mot so van dd ly luan va thuc tidn Ha noi 2000 Bao cao tdng ket kinh te doi ngoai - Van phong chinh phu 9/1999 Bao cao chuyen de nghien cuu tac dong ben ngoai (thi truong va von) & kha nang hpp tac doi vdi Ha Noi - 2000 Bao cao tdng ket cong tac quan ly xuat ban - in va phat hanh nam 2000 va phuong hudng nhiem vu nam 2001 - Cue xuat ban 2000 Bao cao tinh hinh hoat dong nam 2001 va phuong hudng hoat dong nam 2002 - Cue xuat ban 2001 Bao cao tinh hinh hoat dong nam 2002 va phuong hudng hoat dong nam 2003 Cue xuat ban 2002 Ban Tu tudng Van hoa Trung uong - Tai lieu hoc tap Van kien Dai hoi IX cua Dang - NXBCTQG 2001 Ban Tu tudng Van hoa Trung uong - Tiep tuc doi mdi va tang cudng lanh dao quan ly cong tac bao chf xuat ban ( Ky yeu Hdi nghi bao chf xuat ban toan quoc) - Bo VHTT 1997 Bo KHCN&MT - Chuyen de thuc trang va trien vong dSu tu nudc ngoai - Vung Ddng Biing Song Hong giai doan 1995 - 2010 10 Bo Van hoa Thong tin - Quy dinh cua Nha nudc ve hoat dong va quan ly Van hoa Thong tin - NXBVHTT2003 11 Cac thiet che tai chfnh quoc te va cac nudc dang phat trien - NXBCTQG1997 12 Cac Mac va Ph.ang Ghen toan tap, tap 23 - NXBCTQG.ST1995 118 13 Cac Mac va Ph.ang Ghen toan tap tap 26 phan I - NXBCTQG.ST1995 14 Dd Huy - Xay dung moi truong van hoa o nudc ta hien tir goc nhin gia tri hoc - NXBVHTT 2001 15 Ha Chuyen - Dong luc phat trien kinh te, xa hoi van hoa cua Viet Nam - NXBTK.2002 16 Hoang The Tru - Nhung tu mdi vd thi trudng - NXBTK 1997 17 Huynh Khai Vinh - Nhung van dd thdi su van hoa - Vien van hoa - NXBVHTT 1998 18 Kinh te tri thuc van de va giai phap - Vien nghien curu quan ly kinh te Trung uong - NXBTK.2001 19 Kinh te hoc chinh tri Mac - Lenin (Giao trinh Kinh te hoc chinh tri dai cuong) -NXBCTQG 2000 20 Nghiem Xuan Dat - Ha Noi qua trinh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te - NXBCTQG 2002 21 Nhieu tac gia - Hdi dap vd van hoa Viet Nam - NXBVHDT 2001 22 Nguydn Huy Hoang - M
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