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17478 LV.ThS DHKTQD BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRlTCXNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN OAt HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN TT THONG TIN THU VIEN NGUYEN HOANG THANG a i XUAT KHAU BIEN THOAI DI DONG CUA • • • VIET NAM SANG THI• TRVONG EU GIAI DOAN • • 2015-2019 VA DINH HUONG DEN 2025 r Chuyen nganh: Kinh te quoc te Ma nganh: 8310106 LUAN VAN THAC SI KINH TE QUOC TE NGlTCH HIT6nG DAN KHOA HOC: GS.TS DO DlTC BINH •Al HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN TT THONG TIN THE’ MEN rHONG LUAN AN - TU LIEU Ha Noi, nam 2020 Ldl CAM ON Loi dau tien, tac gia xin guri loi cam on chan va sau sac nhat den GS TS Do Due Binh - Giang vien Vien Thuong mai va Kinh te quoc te Thay da luon don r r r doc, nhac nhd va giup do, chi day tan tinh suot qua trinh thuc hien luan van Tac gia xin gui lcri cam on tdi TS Vu Thuy Trang - Giam doc Trung tarn nghien cuu Nga va SNG, Vien Nghien cuu chau Au da danh thbi gian chia se kien thuc va kinh nghiem suot qua trinh hoan thien luan van a r r r Mac du da co nhieu co gang nhung kien thuc cung nhu kinh nghiem han che nen bai luan van cung khong tranh khdi nhftng thieu sot Rat mong nhan duqc y kien dong gop cua thay cd va tCr phia nha truemg de luan van duoc hoan thien hon va de tac gia cd the lam tot horn nhung de tai nghien cuu sau Tac gia xin chan cam on! HaNdi, ngay^b thangAl nam 2020 Nguyen Hoang Thang LOH CAM DOAN Tac gia xin cam doan luan van la tir ban than thirc hien va khong chep toan bo cac cong trinh nghien curu cua ngiroi khac de lam san pham cua rieng minh Cac thong tin thur cap su dung chuyen de la co nguon goc va dirge trich dan ro rang Tac gia xin hoan toan chiu trach nhiem ve tinh xac thirc va minh bach cua luan van Ha Noi, ngay$> thangjJnam 2020 Hoc vien Nguyen Hoang Thang f BO CIAO DVC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN YEU CAU CUA HOI HONG DANH GIA LUAN VAN THAC SI Ve: Nhung diem can sua chua bo sung truoc nop luan van chinh thuc cho Hoc vien PGS.TS Ta Van Loi Nguyen Hoang Thang Hoc vien co trach nhiem chinh sua theoyeu can chn Hoi dong cham luan van Trong trurng hpp U-.ong chinh sua hoc vien se khang dupc cdng nhan kct qua bao v( Hoc vien phai dong ban yeu cau chinh sua cung 02 ban nhqn xet phan bien vao trudc Mac tuc cua Quyen luan van chinh thuc ndf> cho Vifn DTSDH BV14 CQNG HOA XA HQI CHU NGHLA VIET NAM Doc lap - Tir - Hanh phuc BQ GIAO DQC VA DAO TAO TRL'QNG DAI HQC KINH TE QUOC DAN Ha Noi, 26 thang 11 nam 2020 BAO CAO CHtNH SUA, HOAN THIEN LUAN VAN THEO YEU CAU CUA HQI DONG DANH GIA LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP Ho va ten:Nguyen Hoang Thang Ma HV: CH270249 Ngudi huong dan: GS TS Do Due Binh Chuyen nganh: Kinh te quoc te Ten de tai luan van: Xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi truong EU giai doan 2015-2019 va dinh huong den 2025 i Can cu quyet nghi tai buoi hop 13/11/2020 cua Hoi dong danh gia luan van tot nghiep (duoc lap theo Quyet dinh so 2044/QD-DHKTQD 02/11/2020 cua Hieu truong Truong Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan), hoc vien da chinh sua, hoan thieq luan van theo cac noi dung nhu sau: STT Yeu cau bo sung, sua chua cua Hoi dong danh gia Noi dung HV da chinh sua, bo sung hoac giai trinh ly neu muon bao luu y kien ban dau The hien luan van (ghi rd so dong, so trang) Ra soat ket cau, dao phan chinh Da dieu chinh, doi phan chinh sach Trang sach thue, ty gia xuong phia dudi thue va ty gia xuong dudi Trang 14 Lam dam net xuat khau cua cac Da lam ro hon xuat khau cua cac Dong 5-13, doanh nghiep FDI va khdi doanh doanh nghiep FDI va khoi doanh trang 36 nghiep Viet Nam nghiep Viet Nam * Phan biet nguyen nhan, han che Da chinh sua noi dung, lam ro hon Dong 6-29 cho ro rang de lam co so cho he nguyen nhan, han che de lam co so trang 51; thong giai phap cho he thong giai phap Trang 52 Can lam ro giac cua cac giai Da lam ro hon cac giai phap de Dong 18 phap de tranh trung lap tranh su trung lap ve y nghia 25 trang 47 Phan tich sau hon co hoi, thach thuc cua xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi truong EU dieu kien thuc thi EVFTA Da bo sung, danh gia va lam ro hon cac co hoi, thach thuc cua xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi truong EU dieu kien thuc thi EVFTA Trang 53 Trang 57; Dong - trang 58 Hoc vien (Ky va ghi rd ho ten) Nguyen Hoang Thang CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHlA VIETNAM Dqc lap-Ttrdo-H?nh phuc NHAN XET LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH Tlz • ■ • Hqc vien: NGUYEN HOANG THANG De tai: Xuat khau dien thoai di d$ng Vi?t Nam sang thi trudng EU giai doan 2015 2019 va dinh hudng den 2025 Ngu&i hircmg dan khoa hoc: GS.TS Do Due Binh Chuyen nganh: Kinh te quoc te Ngiroi nhan Jet: TS Do Thi Huong - Truong DHKTQD Trach nhiem Hoi dong: Phan bien I Sau doc toan bo ban tom tat va ban chinh luan vSn toi co mot so nhan xet nhu sau: l.Tinh cap thiet, str phu hop va tinh khong trung lap cua de tai luan van Vi?t Nam Chuyen dich co cau hang xuat khau sang nhom hang cong nghiep la hudng da dirge xac dinh t?i Viet Nam Xuat khau dien thoai di dqng la mot nhung nhom hang cong nghiep chu lire cua Viet Nam giai doan hien nay, thi trudng EU la xuat khAu Ion nhat var'rthieu co hpi tir Hiep dinh EVFTA Tuy nhien, xuat khau dien thoai Viet Nam sang thi trubng EU nhung han chc can khac phuc nhu, san pham chua da dang, kha nang canh tranh khong cao, v.v Vi vay, viec nghien cuu de tai “Xuat klidu difn thoai di dong Vift Nam sang thi trod ng EU giai doan 2015 - 2019 va dinh hircmg den 2025'"' la rat co y nghTa Cho den nay, theo toi duoc biet da cd nhieu cong trinh nghien cuu lien quan ddn mo xuat khau thi trudng cua Viet nam sang thi trudng EU Tuy nhien, de tai luan van thac sy cua tac gia co doi tuong va pham vi nghien cuu ro rang, cu thd ve xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU giai doan 2015-2019 va dinh hudng den 2025 nen dam bao tinh khong trung lap va phu lgp vdi chuyen nganh dao tao Nhung dong gdp va cong cua luan van va ban tom tSt luan van ❖ Ve npi dung - Luan van da he thong hoa dirge co so ly luan ve xuit khAu hang hoacua mpt quoc gia lam co so cho phan tich, danh gia thuc trang vl xuSt khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam sang thi truong EU giai doan 2015-2019 chirang - Tac gia da phan tich, mot each kha cu the va toan dien thyc trang ve xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam sang thi truong EU giai doan 2015-2019 vdi so lieu va thong tin minh hoa cap nhat Tir tac gia da rut nhung danh gia chung ve nhung tuu va han che ve thuc trang ve xuat khau di?n thoai di dgng Viet Nam sang thi truong EU giai doan nghien cuu -Nliin chung, he thong giai phap va kien nghi nham thuc day xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nafm sang thi truong EU den nam 2025 tac gia de xuat la co can cu - Ton\ tat luan van dupe viet kha ro rang, trung thuc vdi ban chinh luan van va trinh bay dung theo quy dinh Ve tai lieu tham khao: He thong tai lieu tham khao cho luan van phong phu, cap ❖ nhat va dang tin cay Ve Phirang phap nghien ciru: Luan van duoc thuc hien vdi phuong phap nghien ❖ cuu truyen thong phu hop vdi doi tuong, pham vi va noi dung nghien cuu cua dd tai ❖ Ve hinh thuc trinh bay: Ve co ban, luan van duoc trinh bay vdi hinh thuc dung vdi quy dinfi fcua luan van thac sy kinh te, van phong mach lac, dd hi6u, cac bang va bieu so lieu duoc trinh bay ro rang va dd theo doi ❖ V£ ket cau: Luan van dupe ket cau theo chuong la hop ly va lam ro nhung noi dung, dat duoc muc tieu nghien cuu cua de tai Mot so y kien trao doi - Noi dung tieu muc 1.2.1 can dieu chinh cho phu hop vdi yeu cau cua hpi nhap kinh te quoc te - Can phan dinh ro rang giua “han che” va “nguyen nhan cua nhung han chd” muc 2.4.2 nhdm dam bao tinh logic vdi npi dung phan tich thuc trang va lam co sd cho de xuAt giai phap, kien nghi d chuong - Noi dung myc 3.1 can lam ro hon co hoi va thach thuc cua EVFTA doi vdi xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam sang thi truong EU - Luan giai ro hon can cu dd xuat gai phap, kidn nghi muc 3.3 - Can sua lai each ghi nguon trich dan theo dung quy dinh; - Luan van van mot so loi ky thuat can chinh sua Ket luan: Tuy van mpt so van de can trao doi neu tren, nhung ve co ban, luan van la cong trinh nghien cuu doc lap, nghiem tuc cua tac gia va dap ung day du yeu cau luan van thac sy kinh te, chuyen nganh Kinh td quoc te Luan van du dieu kien dua bao ve trudc Hpi dong cham luan van thac sy cap Truong de tac gia duoc nhan hpc vi thac sy nganh Kinh te quoc te« Ha Noi, 10/11/2020 Ngudi nhan xet TS Dd THI HlFO'NG Cau hoi: Cho biet kho khan ldn nhat tir chinh sach quan ly nhap khau cua EU ddi voi nhom hang dien thoai di dong xuat khau cua Viet Nam? Neu 1- giai phap dS khlc phuc kho khan do? CQNG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM Doc Lap - Ty Do - Hanh Phuc BAN NHAN • XET LUAN • VAN THAC • SI Hoc vien: Nguyen Hoang Thang Ma hoc vien: CH270249 De tai luan van: Xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU giai doan 2015-2019 va dinh hudng den 2025 Chuyen nganh: Kinh t£ quoc te Ma sd: Ngiroi hudng dan: GS TS Do Dire Binh Co so dao tao: Truong Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan Ngudi nhan xet: TS Nguyen Van Hoi Chuc danh Hoi dong: Phan bien * Co quan cong tac: Vien Nghien cuu Chien luge, Chinh sach Cong Thuong NOI DUNG NHAN XET I PHAN NHAN XET Ve tinh cap thiet, y nghla khoa hoc va thuc tien cua de tai Theo so lieu moi nhat cua Tong cue Thong ke, so mat hang dat kim ngach xuat khau tren 10 ty USD cua nam 2019 thi dien thoai va linh kien la nganh hang co gia tri xuat khau Ion nhat dat 51,8 tv USD, chiem 19,7% tong kim ngach xuat khau Xuat khau dien thoai nam 2019 cung tang 5.3% sb vdi nam 2018 Trong do, nganh hang dien tu, may tinh va linh kien dat chung kien muc tang trudng len toi 20,4%, dat kim ngach 35.6 ty USD Trong boi canh dich Covid-19 dien bien phuc tap, lain dirt gay thuong mai quoc te, hoat dong xuat khau hang hoa cua Viet Nam noi chung va dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam noi rieng sang thi trudng EU du chiu nhidu tac dong nhung van giu duoc muc tang trudng duong EVFTA co hieu luc da tao co hoi ldn cho xuat khau cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU, giup da dang hoa thi trudng va mat hang xuat khau, dac biet la cac mat hang co the manh cua Viet Nam duoc cat giam thue cao dien tu va dien thoai di dong 55 hoac san pham tu mot so nude lan can khu vuc nhu Trung Qudc, Thai Lan A 7 thi tu EVFTA duoc ky ket, Viet Nam da co the chuyen hudng, nhap khau tu cac nude khdi EU Dieu se khien cho cac doanh nghiep nude gap phai sue ep canh tranh tuong ddi ldn Song, mot nen kinh te cd tinh bo sung cao vdi thi trudng Viet Nam nhu EU, viec md cua thi trudng Viet Nam cho cac nha xuat khau va cung cap dich vu EU khong han la mot bat loi cho Viet Nam EVFTA cho phep doanlj nghiep va ngudi dan Viet Nam cd the mua duoc cac hang hoa, dich vu vdi gia canh tranh, chat Iuong tot, cong nghe tien tien tu cd co hoi tang sue canh tranh cho cac san pham Viet Nam mot goc nao do, viec cung giup Viet * y r y Nam tranh phai phu thuoc qua nhieu vao mot nguon cung kem chat Iuong va de bien dong nhu Trung Qudc « 3.1.1.3 Co hoi tir hoan thien quy trinh san xuat, nang cao chat Iuong san pham Tir EVFTA dupe ky ket, co sd phap ly cho cac hoat dong trao ddi thuong mai de hang hoa Viet Nam xuat khau sang chau Au se thuan loi hon, dap ung dung a r r cac tieu chuan chat lupng va an toan ma thi trudng ddi hoi Nhung cam ket *' f cac linh vuc nhu phong ve thuong mai (chong ban pha gia, chong tro cap, tu ve), cac rao can ky thuat thuong mai (TBTs), cac bien phap kiem dich dong thuc vat va ve sinh an toan thuc pham (SPSs) da cd nhung tac dong nhat •dinh tdi hoat dong xuat khau cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU thdi gian vua qua dupe cho la se cd nhung tac dong tich cue hon, dem lai nhung loi ich dang ke cho xuat r ? khau cua Viet Nam thdi gian tdi Vdi noi dung chu yeu khong cam ket cac •t y r y r r r quy dinh cu the ve nhung van de chi tiet ma tap trung vao viec thiet lap co che hop tac nham minh bach hoa va xu ly nhanh nhung tranh chap phat sinh, EVFTA se gop phan cai thien qua trinh thuc thi cac quy dinh lien quan (co hoi dd binh luan nhidu hon vao viec ban hanh hay sua ddi cac quy dinh cua EU, co hoi dd giai quydt on hoa nhung khuc mac phat sinh qua trinh ap dung ) Ban than cac doanh nghiep cung cd co hoi dd dupe tim hieu, tiep can, bay to quan didm cua minh lien quan ddn nhung quy dinh cua EU Day cung la co hoi tdt cho Viet Nam tham gia hiep dinh 56 r r x > 3.1.1.4 Tiep can dugc nguon von dau tu, cong nghe hien dai Ngay cang co nhieu cong ty cua EU chon Viet Nam lam diem den de dau tu r r r Cac cong ty cua Viet Nam thuong thieu bi quyet, cong nghe va von Trong do, r r A ~ r nhung yeu to lai tuong ddi co san d cac cong ty chau Au Ben canh do, chi phi lao dong d chau Au la kha cao, khac nhieu so vdi chi phi lao dong cua Viet Nam Chinh dieu khien cho kha nang canh tranh cua cac doanh nghiep chau Au la khong cao Ngugc lai, co cau chi phi cua cac doanh nghiep san xuat dien thoai di f rv r r dong cua Viet Nam lai kha hap dan, cac loi the cua Viet Nam kha da dang, chat luong lao dong tot hon cung nhu viec bao ve quyen sd huu tri tue tot hon so vdi A nhung nudc khac khu vuc Do vay, hop tac giua chau Au va Viet Nam la mot quan he mang lai nhieu loi ich, giup cac cong ty Viet Nam tiep can tri thuc, cong nghe cua chau Au dong thdi dem lai cho cac cong ty chau Au mot co sd san xuAt dang tin cay, hieu qua ve mat chi phi tai chau A EVFTA cung lam tang sue hut ddi vdi nguon vdn tir EU vao Viet Nam Thong qua EVFTA se gop phan tang cudng hop tac ddu tu thuong mai song phuong Hien Viet Nam dang didu chinh chidn luge thu hut vdn FDI'(vdn dau tu nudc ngoai), chu chat lugng nha ddu tu vdi kha nang chuyen giao cong nghe mdi EU la doi tac hoan toan co kha nang dap ung dugc nhung yeu cau EU cung la nha cung cap quan trgng nguon vdn hd trg phat trien chinh thuc (ODA) cho Viet Nam nhieu nam qua Hiep dinh se mang lai cho Viet Nam nhieu co hoi hon viec tiep can thi trudng chau Au, tidp can cac nguon dau tu true tidp nudc ngoai tir EU r 3.1.1.5 De dang tiep can vdi nhung thi trudng khac co thoa thuan thuong mai tu vdi EU Thong qua viec ky ket EVFTA, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam co the de dang tiep can, tien hanh trao doi mua ban vdi cac ddi tac khac co thoa thuan thuong mai tu vdi EU Tuy nhien, theo danh gia cua cac chuyen gia kinh te Viet Nam, FTA giua Viet Nam-EU cung la thach thuc ldn ddi vdi doanh nghiep Viet Nam ndu doanh nghiep khong thay ddi de thich ung Viec ky ket cac hiep dinh thuong mai tu 57 se md rong hon nua cac cor hoi cho kinh te Viet Nam song cung cho thay viec nen kinh te Viet Nam hoi nhap mot sau va rong hon vao nen kinh te thd giai Vdi dieu kien nhu Viet Nam hien nay, ro rang, Viet Nam de chiu tac dong, anh hudng tu nhung bien dong khac tren trudng qudc te 3.1.2 Thach thuc r r r 3.1.2.1 Quy tac xuat xu, ban pha gia, tror cap va cac cong cu phong ve Day la trd ngai ldn dat cho cac doanh nghiep san xuat dien thoai di dong cua Viet Ndm viec tiep can thi trudng EU Mot he thong quy tac xuat xu dan gian, linh hoat, phu hap vdi tinh hinh Viet Nam va cho phep Viet Nam duoc hudng cac lai ich chinh dang tu EVFTA se la dieu kien tien quyet can dam bao Yeu cau * r la hoan toan hap li dung tu goc lai ich (lai ich ldn nhat co duqc tu viec ky ket EVFTA la viec EU cat giam thue quan cho hang hoa xuat khau Viet Nam) Nhu viec chung minh ve nguon goc hop phap cua hang hoa la mot thach thuc ddi vdi cac nganh, cd dien thoai di dong r 3.1.2.2 Van de've sinh, mdi trudng, lao dong va quy trinh cong nghe a Day cung duoc coi la mot rao can lau ddi doi vdi hoat dong xuat khau cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng Muon xuat khau sang EU, cac doanh nghiep Viet A A Nam phai tuan thu cac dieu khoan quy dinh ve ve sinh, mdi trudng, lao dong va quy trinh cong nghe Dieu da khien cho cac doanh nghiep nho va vua cua Viet Nam kho dap ung duoc yeu cau nang luc ky thuat va tai chinh han che, san pham khong du tieu chuan de ban tren thi trudng Ben canh quy tac xuat xu, cac quy dinh ve ve sinh an toan thuc pham, kiem dich dong thuc vat (SPS), quy dinh ve mdi trudng, cac rao can ky thuat thuong mai (TBT) cung se tao nhung kho khan, can trd nhat dinh tdi hoat dong xuat khau cua Viet Nam 3.1.2.3 Su thieu hut thong tin cua doanh nghiep Nhieu doanh nghiep thuc te chua tan dung day du duoc cac lai ich thue quan khong biet ve cac FTA, thu tuc cap giay chung nhan xuat xu phuc tap, dac A A A r biet la phan ldn cac doanh nghiep chua dap ung duoc cac dieu kien ve nguyen tac 58 xuat xu Theo so lieu cua VCCI, thcri gian vtra qua chi co cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam xuat khau sang Han Quoc la tan dung duoc nhung uu dai tu FTA Viet Nam - Han Quoc 3.2 Quan diem va muc tieu thuc day xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU den nam 2025 3.2.1 Quan diem thuc day xuat khau cua Viet Nam sang thi truting EU den nam2025 3.2.1.1 Phat trien xuat khau tren co so khai thac triet de lai the so sanh va loi the canh tranh Day la quan diem nham dam bao toe va chat Iuong tang trudng cao, gop phan tang trudng kinh te nhanh va ben vung De nang cao efiat Iuong tang trudng xuat khau can phai nhanh chong thay doi md hinh tang trudng Md hinh tang trudng mdi la md hinh tang trudng theo chieu sau, dua vao viec khai thac loi the canh tranh r r r •> •> dong de nang cao nang suat, chat Iuong va hieu qua xuat khau tren co sd day manh cai each the che, su dung cong nghe tien tien, nang cao chat Iuong nguon nhan luc, xay dung co sd tang hien dai Chuyen tu phat trien xuat khau theo chieu rong a r r ** sang phat trien theo chieu sau, tu viec dua chu yeu vao loi the so sanh san cd (tinh) sang loi the canh tranh dong la nhan td quyet dinh chat Iuong tang trudng xuat khau; tri duoc toe tang trudng cao, nang cao hieu qua kinh te, nang cao kha nang canh tranh cua hang hoa xuat khau, phu hop vdi xu hudng bien ddi cua thi trudng, do, han che duoc rui ro thi trudng the gidi bien dong bat loi Thuc hien dinh hudng phat trien xuat khau theo chieu sau cung la giai phap de day nhanh qua trinh hoi nhap cua Viet Nam vao thi trudng EU sau hiep dinh EVFTA cd hieu luc 3.2.1.2 Phat trien xuat khau tren co sd khai thac hop ly tai nguyen thien nhien, han che o nhiem mdi trudng va can kiet tai nguyen Vdi quan diem nay, Viet Nam se nang cao kha nang dap ung duoc cac quy dinh va tieu chuan mdi trudng cua hang hoa xuat khau sang thi trudng EU Muc tieu cua phat trien ben vung ve mdi trudng d nude ta nhung nam tdi la khai thac 59 hop ly, su dung tiet kiem va co hieu qua tai nguyen thien nhien; phong ngua, ngan r chan, xu ly va kiem soat co hieu qua nhiem moi truong, bao ve tot moi truong song; bao ve duoc cac vudn quoc gia, khu bao ton thien nhien, khu du tru sinh quyen va bao ton su da dang sinh hoc; khac phuc suy thoai va cai thien chat luong moi trudng Day la quan diem phat trien ben vtrng ve moi trudng cho nganh xuat khau noi chung va xuat khau dien thoai di dong sang thi trudng EU noi rieng 3.2.1.3 Phat trien xuat khau de gop phan thuc hien cac muc tieu xa hoi Cac muc tieu xa hoi nhu xoa ddi giam ngheo, tao nhieu viec lam dam bao r y a •> cong bang xa hoi, chia se loi ich hop ly giua cac phan tham gia xuat khau la > r r o nhung dieu ma Viet Nam hudng tdi thuc day xuat khau sang thi trudng EU Qua trinh phat trien phai bao dam dap ung mot each cong bang nhu cau cua the he hien tai va khong gay trd ngai tdi cuoc song cua cac the he tuong lai Tao lap dieu kien A 7 7 de moi ngudi va moi cong dong xa hoi cd co hoi binh dang de phat trien, duoc tiep can tdi nhung nguon luc chung va duoc phan phoi cong bang nhung loi ich cong cong, tao nhung nen tang vat chat, tri thuc va van hoa tot dep cho nhung the he mai sau,-su dung tiet kiem nhung tai nguyen khong the tai tao lai duoc, gin giu va cai thien mdi tnrdng song, phat trien he thong san xuat sach va than thien vdi mdi trudng, xay dung loi song lanh manh, hai hoa, gan gui va yeu quy thien nhien 3.2.2 Muc tieu va dinh hudng thuc day xuat khau cua Viet Nam sang thi truro’ng EU den nam 2025 3.2.2.1 Muc tieu thuc day xuat khau , r r Muc tieu cua chien luge thuc day xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU den nam 2025 la phat trien nhanh phai di ddi vdi phat trien bdn a r y r vung Tang trudng ve sd luong phai di lien vdi nang cao chat luong, hieu qua va sue canh tranh cua nen kinh te Trong khai thac cac yeu td phat trien theo chidu rong, phai dac biet coi cac yeu td phat trien theo chieu sau Phai gin tang trudng kinh te vdi phat trien van hoa, phat trien toan dien ngudi, thuc hien dan chu, tien bo va cong bang xa hoi, tao nhieu viec lam, cai thien ddi song, khuyen khich lam giau hop phap di ddi vdi xoa ddi, giam ngheo Tung budc thu hep khoang 60 each phat trien giua cac vung Phai rat coi bao ve va cai thien moi truong tung budc phat trien, khong gay nhiem va huy hoai moi truong Phat , *■ 7 trien kinh te phai di doi vdi viec bao dam on dinh chinh tri - xa hoi; on dinh chinh tri - xa hoi la tien de, dieu kien de phat trien nhanh va ben vung Day la quan diem dinh hudng cho cac nganh, cac linh vuc xay dung ke hoach, chien luge phat trien ben vung 3.2.2,2 Dinh hudng thuc day xuat khau a) Dinh hudng chung - Phat trien xuat khau dien thoai di dong theo md hinh tang trudng ben vung va hop ly giua chieu rong va chieu sau, vua md rong quy md xuat khau, vira chu nang cao gia tri gia tang xuat khau - r * ' Chuyen dich co cau hang hoa xuat khau mot each hop ly theo hudng cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, tap trung nang nhanh ty cac san pham xuat khau co gia tri gia tang cao, san pham che bien sau, san pham co ham luong cong nghe cao, san pham than thien vdi mdi trudng co cau hang hoa xuat khitf b) Dinh hudng phat trien nganh hang Dien thoai di dong thuoc nhom hang cong nghiep che bien, che tao, la nhom hang co tiem nang phat trien va thi trudng the gidi co nhu cdu Do nha nude dinh hudng phat trien dong hang vdi cac san phAm co ham luong cong nghe va chit xam cao; phat trien cong nghiep ho tro, nang cao ty le gia tri nude, giam phu thuoc vao nguyen phu lieu nhap khau de tao dieu kien thuan loi cho viec xuAt khau sang thi trudng EU giai doan 2021 - 2025 3.3 Giai phap va kien nghi thuc day xuat khau dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU den nam 2025 3.3.1 Giai phap va kien nghi ddi vdi Nha nude 3.3.1.1 Giai phap ❖ Hoan thien hanh lang phap ly va khung chinh sach - Ra soat lai he thong phap luat de dieu chinh cac quy dinh khong phu 61 hop hoac chua dirge ro, trudc het la luat thuong mai, luat dau tu nude ngoai va luat r a khuyen khich dau tu nude theo hudng minh bach va phu hop vdi thong le qudc te, vdi hoan canh qudc gia va vdi cac cam ket cac hiep dinh giua Viet Nam va EU - Tiep tuc day manh cai each hanh chinh linh vuc thuong mai va dau tu r a theo hudng gon, nhe, co hieu qua Xoa bo cac giay phep va thu tuc phien ha, phuc r r r •> t tap vq mat thdi gian Phan dau on dinh mdi trudng phap ly de tao tarn ly tin tuong cho cac doanh nghiep, khuyen khich ho chap nhan bo von dau tu lau dai i r a - De cac chinh sach giam chi phi cho cac doanh nghiep tham gia san xuat xuat dien thoai di dong va nguyen linh kien nhu giam thue thu nhap doanh nghiep, giam chi phi va thdi han su dung dat de giam gia san,pham, tang sue canh tranh thu hut cac nguon von dau tu - Nghien cuu xay dung va ban hanh cac chuan qudc gia ve ky thuat cua mat hang dien thoai di dong theo tieu chuan cua khu vuc va qudc te nham phan loai doanh nghiep theo trinh cong nghe, lao dong, va tu co chinh sach ho tro true tiep va dau tu giup cac doanh nghiep phat trien nhanh chong - Thanh lap va nang cao chat Iuong hoat dong cua cac trung tarn tu van, cung cap thong tin ve chinh sach thuong mai giua Viet Nam va EU cho cac doanh nghiep nude va ngoai nude ❖ Phat trien nganh cong nghiep phu tro r ' r a r r Doi vdi nganh san xuat dien thoai di dong hien thi van de cap thiep phai t r a , ke den la nguon nguyen lieu, linh kien va phu tung nude mdi chi cung cap vdi so Iuong han che va don gian, chu yeu phai nhap khau tir nude ngoai, khien cho hoat dong cua nganh san xuAt khong ben vung, luon phai phu thuoc qua nhidu vao ben ngoai dan den gia ca san pham gia tang, anh hudng tdi hoat dong xuit khiu Vi vay, Nha nude can phai co cac bien phap thich hop de co the thuc day phat trien nganh cong nghiep phu tro song song vdi nganh san xuAt dien thoai di dong va phai dap ung duoc cac tieu chuan ve mdi trudng, chat Iuong cua thi trudng EU bay gid: 62 - Khuyen khich moi phan tham gia dau tu san xuat nguyen linh kien cho nganh dien thoai di dong Uu tien phat trien cac co so co cong nghe tien tien, thidt bi hien dai, ket hop sap xep va hien dai hoa cac cd so hien co de nang cao san luong va chat lugng nguyen linh kien, khai thac tdi da nguon nguyen lieu nudc - Xay dung cac nha may, cac khu cong nghiep tap trung san xuat nguyen linh ' A kien co du dieu kien ve co so tang va xu ly moi trudng de keu goi cac nha dau tu ya ngoai nudc tham gia dau tu Luu y, xay dung phai can ddi theo quy hoach vung va lanh tho de tan dung het loi the ve nhan cong, nguon nguyen lieu cua tung vung, dap ung chien luge phat trien kinh te cua vung theo giai doan - Xay dung cac khu trung tarn cung ung nguyen linh kien de tang kha nang cung ung ve nguyen lieu cho cac doanh nghiep va dap ung nhu cau cang gia tang cua nganh cong nghiep san xuat, xuat khau dien thoai di dong r y r •> - Khuyen khich thu hut dau tu nudc ngoai, khuyen khich chuyen giao cong nghe, nhat la tir cac doanh nghiep chuyen san xuat nguyen linh kien cho san xuit dien thoai xuat khau sang EU, de vira co thd dap ung dugc tieu chuin mdi trudng cua EU dat ra,-'lai co the tang cudng kha nang cung ung nguyen linh kien nudc va giup phan thuc day nganh cong nghiep phu trg phat trien - Xay dung he thong tieu chuan chat lugng san pham theo chuan qudc te, tieu 9 chuan nganh va tieu chuan co sd lam can cu cho viec dinh hudng phat trien nganh cong nghiep phu trg - Tang cudng dao tao can bo ky thuat cac nganh thidt kd, chd tao, didu khien tu dong, dien tu tin hgc de lam chu cong nghe, nghien cuu thidt kd tao cong nghe nguon cung nhu kieu dang san pham rieng cua Viet Nam Tuy nhien thi de co the phat trien nganh cong nghiep phu trg can nhidu thdi gian va rui ro khon ludng, chu khong the mot sdm mot chieu la co thd hoan Do Nha nudc hien tai can co bien phap tao didu kien thuan lgi cho cac doanh nghiep nhu giam hoac bai bo cac loai thud danh nguyen linh kien nhap khau; dua cac uu dai ve thud, mat bang; lap chd thudng cho nhung cong ty co tich tot nganh cong nghiep phu trg 63 3.3.1.2 Kien nghi dieu kien de thuc hien giai phap - Phai tich cue hoan thien luat phap, chinh sach theo cam ket da ky vdi EU - Thao go cac rao can (cat giam cac dieu kien kinh doanh, cac thu tuc xuat r > r khau phi ly gay kho khan trd ngai cho doanh nghiep, de cac doanh nghiep tan dung tot hiep dinh EVFTA nham tao dieu kien thuc dau xuat khau hang hoa ndi chung, dien thoai di dong cua Viet Nam ndi rieng sang EU ddn nam • 2025, tarn nhin den nam 2030 3.3.2 Gidiphap vd kien nghi ddi vdi Doanh nghiep 3.3.2.1 Giai phap ❖ Tang cudng thu hut va su dung hop ly nguon von r r r v Von luon la yeu to tac dong manh me tdi su phat trien-cua doanh nghiep san r r r r •> a r r xuat xuat khau dien thoai di dong Neu bi han che ve von, cac doanh nghiep se rat r a kho dau tu vao ddi mdi cong nghe va thiet bi, kho co cho dung tren thuong trudng r r •> r qudc te, tham chi co the khien doanh nghiep phai thu hep hoat dong hoac ngimg kinh doanh Vi vay cac doanh nghiep san xuat xuat khau dien thoai di dong tai Viet Nam can phai' Kuy dong va su dung cac nguon von nude va ngoai nude mot each hop ly de phuc vu cho hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua minh Ddi vdi nguon von nude, doanh nghiep co the huy dong tir cac quy, cac ngan hang thuong mai, cac to chuc tin dung, thi trudng chung khoan hay von tir trai phieu Ddi vdi a r a Ar nguon von tir nude ngoai, doanh nghiep can tap trung thu hut dau tu true tiep FDI vi nguon von true tiep dua ky thuat cong nghe tien tien cung vdi kinh nghiem, ky nang lam viec chuyen nghiep tir nhung nude phat trien vao Viet Nam Doanh nghiep can phai chung minh vdi nha dau tu nhung uu the va kha nang canh tranh cua san pham, muc loi nhuan va doanh thu tang manh qua cac nam cua minh; hay chung to cho ho thay rang doanh nghiep co the tang quy md thi trudng, md rong thi phan va tang trudng nhanh, tao cac san pham co the loi keo khach hang thuong xuyen va lau dai tuong lai ❖ Xay dung quy trinh san xuat va xuat khau theo hudng lien ket De tang cudng kha nang xuat khau dien thoai di dong vao thi trudng EU, cac 64 r x r ? doanh nghiep can tang cuong xay dung quy trinh san xuat va xuat khau theo huong thai tang cuong kha nang cong khai xuat xu hang hoa, dam bao yeu cau vi moi trudng va nang cao quy mo xuat khau Cac doanh nghiep san xuat dien thoai di dong lien ket lai vdi nhau, gop phdn r r •» r gia t^ng kha nang cung cap don hang xuat khau theo khdi Iuong ldn Tren ca scr do, co kha nang tham nhap vao cac kenh phan phoi theo tap doan ldn tai EU Cac doanh nghiep san xuat dien thoai di dong lien ket vdi cac doanh nghiep cung cap nguyen vat lieu, tao sir chu dong nguon hang cung nhu kiem soat duoc chat Iuong nguyen vat lieu dau vao va tang kha nang dap uqg duoc cac tieu chuan ve mdi trudng va ky thuat cung nhu quy tac xuat xu xuat khau ❖ Xay dung thuong hieu dien thoai Viet Nam Hien dien thoai di dong duqc san xuat va xuat khau tu Viet Nam hau het la gia cong, lap rap cho cac hang dien thoai nude ngoai chu chua co kha nang thidt ke mau ma rieng va xay dung duqc mot thuong hieu dien thoai noi tieng Do cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam can day manh viec xay dung chien luge de phat triin thuong hieu dien thoai cua rieng minh thong qua cac hoat dong hinh doi ngu r *■ , sang tao va thu thap y tuong mod, mdi cac chuyen gia nude ngoai den tu van va hudng dan Tuy nhien, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam phai xac dinh day la mot qua trinh lau dai va rat khd khan Do thay vi tien vao xay dung thuong hieu mot each voi vang gay lang phi, thi cac doanh nghiep xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam nen tap trung tat ca nguon luc de nang cao nang luc san xuat, xay dung uy tin r > t f ve chat Iuong san pham va kha nang cung ung mot each on dinh 3.3.2.2 Kien nghi dieu kien de thuc hien giai phap - Cac doanh nghiep dien tu Viet Nam can phai tu tin vao noi luc cua doanh nghiep, khong bi dong chd vao su bao ho cua nha nuorc, nam vung cac quy dinh va hieu ro cac cam ket hiep dinh EVFTA de hoach dinh chiin luge san xuat kinh doanh, nang cao nang luc canh tranh de ton tai va phat triin 65 - A A A A Cac doanh nghiep cung can tap trung dau tu theo chieu sau, la dau tau chu luc viec gan san xuat vdi nghien cuu khoa hoc, nang cao ham luong chat xam cho mdi san pham Cac doanh nghiep dong vai trd quyet dinh r viec nghien cuu, trien khai, san xuat va dua thi trudng san pham cua minh tren co sd ho trcr cua Nha nude ve cor che chinh sach, quy hoach phat tridn cac vung, mien, phu hop - , Doanh nghiep phai chu dong tim kiem ddi tac, nhat la cac nude co cong nghe dien tu phat trien de hop tac san xuat, dau tu va chuyen giao cong nghe i 66 KET LUAN r x r Dien thoai di dong dang tro vat dung can thiet doi song cua nguoi dan EU noi rieng va the gidi noi chung Nhu cau mua sam va tieu dung dien thoai di dong cua thi trudng EU cang tang, dat yeu cau phai nhap khau tu cac nudc ngoai khdi va nhap khiu tir cac thi trudng Chau A dang la xu hudng chung cua toan EU cung nhu cac nudc vien noi rieng Vdi chu truong tu hoa thuong mai, EU da giam dSn hang rao thue quan ddi vdi mat hang dien thoai di dong nhung van dam bao bao ve ngudi tieu dung va mdi trudng thong qua cac tieu r •t r r chuan ky thuat nghiem ngat tir khau san xuat den tieu dung ddi vdi mat hang Nghien cuu thuc trang xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam sang thi x a r •> trudng EU da chi dupe tarn quan cua hoat dong sau xuat xuat khau dien gop phan chuyen dich co cau kinh te, thu hut nguon vdn dau tu nudc ngoai Dong thdi cung thay dupe su dong gop to ldn va cang tang cua nganh hang dien thoai di dong kim ngach xuat khau sang thi trudng EU noi rieng va tdng r t r kim ngach xuat khau cua Viet Nam noi chung Mat khac, nghien cuu cung cho thay nhung diem manh ma Viet Nam can phat huy va tan dung, cung nhu cac diem yeu thoai di dong xuat khau tai Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU hoan toan co kha nang e r r canh tranh vdi cac qudc gia khac tren the gidi, tham chi ca “ngudi hang xom khong Id” Trung Qudc r •> Xuat khau dien thoai di dong Viet Nam sang thi trudng EU mac du co nhung tuu tot nhung van ton tai nhung han che can giai quyet lap tuc Nghien cuu da dua mot sd giai phap, bat dau tu viec nang cao tidm luc tai chinh, tidm luc ngudi, phat trien cac nganh hd tro cho den thuc day xuc tien thuong mai, hoan thien khung thd chd phap luat phu hop vdi thi trudng EU va thong le qudc td Tuy nhien, luan van dupe thuc hien thdi gian ngSn va gap han chd viec tidp can thong tin nen sd lieu thong kd cung cung nhu cac giai phap chua dupe dAy du, cu thd va mang tinh tdng quat DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO • • Bo Cong thuong (2017), Bao cao xuat nhap khau Viet Nam 2016, Ha Noi Bo Cong thuong (2016), EVFTA - So tay danh cho doanh nghiep Viet Nam, Ha Noi Bo Cong thuong (2013), Quy che GSP CUA EUgiai doan 2014 -2023, Ha Noi Bo Cong thuong (2011), Quy tac xuat xu mai cua Lien minh Chau Au, NXB Thpng tin va truyen thong, Ha Noi Viet Hoang (2020), Chuyen gia noi gi ve co hoi va thach thuc cua Viet Nam tham gia EVFTA? [True tuyen] Tap chi tai chinh Bia chi: http://tapchitaichinh.vn/nghien-cuu-trao-doi/chuyen-gia-noi-gi-ve-co-hoi-vathach-thuc-cua-viet-nam-khi-tham-gia-evfta-3 24013 html Dimitris Tsotsos, Pham Thuy Nga (2014), Cam nang ngdnh san xuat thiet bi dien/dien tu, Ha Noi Dao Lu Thu Thao (2013), Thuc trang va gidi phap day manh xuat khau dien thoai va linh kien cac loai sang thi trudng EU, Dai hoc Tai chinh - Marketing, TP Hd Chi Minh Do Due Binh, Ngo Thi Tuyet Mai (2013), Giao trinh Kinh te qudc te, NXB Dai *>' f hoc Kinh te quoc dan, Ha Noi Hoang Ngan (2015), Samsung xuat khau 30 ty, Viet Nam hudng lai gi? [True tuyen] Bao Giao thong Dien tu Dia chi: http://www.baogiaothong.vn/samsung-xuat-khau-30-ty-viet-nam-huong-loi-gidl26536.html 10 Pham Hong Nhung (2020), Hoat dong xuat khau hang hoa cua Viet Nam giai doan 2011-2019 va mot so de xuat [True tuyen], Tap chi tai chinh Dia chi: http://tapchitaichinh.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/hoat-dong-xuat-khau-hang-hoacua-viet-nam-giai-doan-20112019-va-mot-so-de-xuat-317341 html 11.Internet use by individuals, [True tuyen] Cue Thong ke Lien minh Chau Au Dia chi: r r a http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/7771139/9-20122016-BPEN.pdf 12 Mobile phone usage in Europe - Statistics & Facts [True tuyen], Cong thong tin thong ke Statista Dia chi: https://www.statista.com/topics/3827/mobile-phone-usage-in-europe/ 13 Noi dung hoat dong xuat khau [True tuyen], Dan Kinh te, Dia chi: http://www.dankinhte.vn/noi-dung-hoat-dong-xuat-khau/ 14 Nguyen Uyen (2012) Tieu luan “Vai trd quan ly nha nude ddi vdi hoat dong xuat khau” Dia chi: https://tailieu.vn/doc/tieu-luan-vai-tro-quan-ly-nha-nuoc-doi-voi-hoat-dong- xuat-khau-1306512 html Pt 15 Smartphone market in Europe - Statistics & Facts, [True tuyen] Cong thong tin thdng ke Statista Dia chi: https://www.statista.com/topics/3341/smartphone-market-in-europe/ \6 Social media usage in Europe - Statistics & Facts, [True tuyen] Cong thong tin thong ke Statista Dia chi: https://www.statista.com/topics/4106/social-media-usage-in-europe/ 17 Thai Phuong (2012) Dien thoai "made in Vietnam": Chi sfin xuat duoc cai vd nhua! [True tuyen] Bao Nguoi lao dong Dien tu Dia chi: http://nld.com.vn/kinh-te/dien-thoai-made-in-vietnam-chi-san-xuat-duoc-cai-vonhua-20121023093 820281 html 18 Uy ban Chau Au (2006), Commission Regulation No 1549/2006 of 17 October 2006 amending Annex I to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, Brussels 19 Uy ban Chau Au (2017), VAT rates applied in the Member States of the European Union, Brussels 20 Vietnam Mobile Phone Export Data and Report for Jan 2017 - A Quick Data Analysis, [True tuyen] Cong ty Export Genius Dia chi: http://www.exportgenius.in/blog/vietnam-mobile-phone-export-data-and-reportfor-jan-2017-a-quick-data-analysis-19.php 21 What requirements should Electronics and Electrical Engineering products comply with to be allowed on the European market? [True tuyen] Bo Ngoai giao Lien minh Chau Au: Phong Xue tien nhap khau tu cac nude dang phat trien Dia chi: https ://www.cbi eu/market- information/electronics-electrical-engineering/buy errequirements 22 Duy Vu (2020), Xuat khau dien thoai va linh kien thang dau nam dat gan 22 ty USD [True tuyen], Bao Vietnamnet, Dia chi: https://ictnews.vietnamnet.vn/san-pham-so/xuat-khau-dien-thoai-linh-kien-can- moc-22-ty-usd-259117.html 23 Huang Nguyen (2019), Xuat khau dien thoai va linh kien dan dau kim ngach chiem tdi 20% ty [True tuyen], Bao Vinanet, Dia chi: http://vinanet.vn/thuong-mai-cha/xuat-khau-dien-thoai-va-linh-kien-dan-daukim-ngach-chiem-toi-20-ty-trong-71943 html 24 Le Thi Thanh (2019), Xuat khau hang hoa Viet Nam boi canh mdi va nhung van de dat [True tuyen], Tap chi tai chinh, Dia chi: http://tapchitaichinh.vn/nghien-cuu-trao-doi/xuat-khau-hang-hoa-viet-nam- trong-boi-canh-moi-va-nhung-van-de-dat-ra-310745.html 25 Xuat khau la gi? Va nhung van de cu ban vl XK [True tuySn], Vinalogs Container Transportation, Dia chi: https://www.container-transportation.com/xuat-khau-la-gi.html 26 Lan Huang (2019), Xuat khdu sang EU nhd EVFTA: Cd hoi ldn nhung khdi dau se chat vat [True tuyen], Tap chi tai chinh, Dia chi: http://tapchitaichinh.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/xuat-khau-sang-eu-nho-evfta-cohoi-lon-nhung-khoi-dau-se-chat-vat-320068.html