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5*^.' •— ’>> z J ■■ b z' W * nmN jes^a*- fettM ãS ^ã*3 bu ^ôat /ã< \ J y *s*K '**ô* O, - z ã- ,7' >^W' 1914 LV ThS DHKTQD g.-v&r *2, V.c-S*- fi»xi t H **4 *WK ( km '*=**■% fSi ’■'< z ***■> S*W *■ z r*&> o r”» 4y rt* ■J**** * *< Ur* 3> rttiw /*%* w V»e St-’jh*’ >** o 5T o /■"• Ujstr > O\ n TRirdNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN NGUYEN XU AN TRU,NG DAI HOC KTQD TRUNGTAM THONG TIN TH J VIEN TANG CLTCJNG THU HtlT DAU TIT TRlfC TlEP Nl/OC NGOAI ■ TIT CAC CONG TY XUYEN QUOC GIA C A HOA KY VAO VIET NAM Chuyen nganh: KINH TE DOI NGOAI LU AN VAN THAC SY KINH TE Ngircri hirorng dAn khoa hoc: PGS.TS Nguyen Thircmg Lang THS /{R HA NOl - 2006 MUC LUC Bang cac chtr viet tat Danh muc bang, hmh, hop, phu luc Tom tat luan van Leri noi dau - Chirorng 1: Tong quan ve TNCS va kinh nghiem quoc te ve thu hut dau tu tir TNCS cua Hoa Ky - 51.1 Tong quan ve TNC - 1.1.1 Khai niem va cac loai hinh TNC - 1.1.2 Vai tro cua TNCs 7- 1.1.2.1 Thue day dau tu va thuorng mai .- - 1.1.2.2 Thue day nghien cuu phat trien va chuyen giao cong nghe - 10 1.1.2.3 Phat trien mang ludi san xuat quoc te va nguon nhan luc - 16 1.2 TNCs cua Hoa Ky -181.2.1 Dac didm hoat dong - 18 1.2.2 Dac diem hoat dong ddu tu va cac nhan to tac dong den chinh sach dau tu nude ngoai cua TNCs Hoa Ky - 251.2.3 Su can thiet phai thu hut TNCs cua Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 30- 1.3 Kinh nghiem cua Trung Quoc ve thu hut dau tu tir TNCs cua Hoa Ky - 32 Chuong 2: Tinh hinh thu hut dau tu tir TNCs cua Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 36 2.1 Tinh hinh dau tu true tiep nude ngoai tai Viet Nam - 362.1.1 Toe tang trudng - 362.1.2 Nganh nghe kinh doanh - 382.1.3 Hinh thurc dau tu - 382.1.4 Doi tac dau tu - 392.1.5 Phan theo dia ban dau tu 2.1.6 Danh gia hoat dong dau tu nude ngoai d Viet Nam - 3940- 2.1.6.1 Nhung ket qua dat dupe - 40- 2.1.6.2 Nhung han che va van de ton tai - 452.2 Hoat dong thu hut dau tu th TNCs cua Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 502.2.1 Thue trang thu hut dau tu cua TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 502.2.2 Danh gia hoat dong thu hut dau tu cua TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 62 - 2.2.2.1 Nhung ket qua dat dupe .- 622.2.2.2 Nhung han che - 69- 2.2.2.3 Nguyen nhan cua han che - 70 Chuang 3: Dinh hirdng va giai phap tang cudng thu hut dau tir tir TNCs cua Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 75 3.1 Boi canh quoc te anh hudng den hoat dong thu hut dau tu cua TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 75 3.1.1 Hoat dong cua TNCs Hoa Ky - 75 3.1.2 Dieu chinh chfnh sach dau tu cua TNCs cua Hoa Ky nhung nam gan dfty - 75 3.1.3 Su canh tranh manh me ve thu hut dau tu til TNCs cua Hoa Ky - 77 - 3.2 Dinh huong thu hut dau tu TNCs Hoa Ky - 78 3.2.1 Cac quan dicjm ve thu hut dau tu tir TNCs cua Hoa Ky - 78 - 3.2.2 Dinh hudng thu hut dfiu tu tit TNCs Hoa Ky - 79 3.2.2.1 Huong dau tu vao cac nganh che tao, cong nghe cao va cong nghe moi- 80 3.2.2.2 Thu hut vao nganh nang luong va co sd tang -81 - 3.2.2.3 Thu hut cac thuong hieu cd uy tin, kha nang canh tranh cao, ky nang quan ly tien tien - 82 3.3 Nhiirng giai phap chu yeu nham tang thu hut dau tu cua TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 82 - 3.3.1 Xay dung chien luqc thu hut dau tu th TNCs cua Hoa Ky - 82 3.3.2 Thue hien chfnh sach tu hoa FDI - 83 3.3.3 Thue hien hieu qua cam ket Hiep dinh thuong mai Viet - My va hoi nhap WTO - 84 3.3.4 Nang cao hieu qua xue tien dau tu d thi trudng Hoa Ky - 84 3.3.5 Tiep tuc hoan thien moi trudng dau tu - 86 * Tiep tuc cai each hanh chinh -87 * Hoan thien moi trudng phap ly -87 3.3.6 Nang cao chat luong cho lao dong Viet Nam - 88 3.3.7 Phat trien ket cau tang - 89 3.3.8 Xhy dung doi tac dau tu nude du manh - 89 Ket luan -91 Tai lieu tham khao .-93 BANG CAC CHC VIET TAT Nghia day du stt Chu' viet tilt Nghia tieng Viet Nghia tieng Anh APEC ASEAN BTA The Asia Pacific Economic Di6n dan Hop tac kinh te chau Cooperation A-Thai binh Duong The Association of the South- Hiep hoi cac quoc gia Dong East Asian Nations Nam A Bilateral Trade Agreement Hiep dinh thuong mai song phuong BOT Build-Operate- Transfer Xay dung-Van hanh-Chuyen giao BTO Build-Transfer- Operate Xay dung-Chuyen giao-Van hanh BT Build - Transfer Xay dung- Chuyen giao BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis Cue phan tfch kinh te My CNH-HDH - Cong nghiep hoa- hien dai hoa CNTT - Cong nghe thong tin 10 DOC Department of Commerce Bo Thuong mai My 11 DIA Direct Investment Abroad Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai 12 DTNN 13 EXIMBANK Export - Import Bank Ngan hang xuat nhap khau 14 FDI Foreign Direct Investment Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai 15 HDHTKD 16 KT 17 JETRO - - Dau tu nude ngoai Hop dong hop tac kinh doanh Information & Cong nghe thong tin va truyen Communication Technology thong Japanese External Trade To chiic xue tien thuong mai Organization Nhat Ban - 18 KCX-KCN 19 M&A Merger and Acquisition Sap nhap va thon tinh 20 MOFA Majority - Owned Foreign Chi nhanh cd co phan da so Affiliate Khu che xuat- khu cong nghiep 21 NIEs Newly Industrializing Cac nen kinh te cong nghiep Economies hoa moi 22 NK - Nhap khau 23 NXB - Nha xuat ban 24 OECD Organization for Economic TO chuc hop tac va phat trien Co-operation and kinh te Development 25 26 OPIC PCI Overseas Private Investment Cong ty dau tu tu nhan hai Company ngoai Province Competitiveness Chi so nang luc canh tranh cap Index tinh 27 PGS.TS - Pho giao su, tien sy 28 R&D Research & Development Nghien ctfu va phat trien 29 TNC Transnational Corporation Cong ty xuyen quoc gia 30 TNDN - Thu nhap doanh nghiep 31 TNHH - Trach nhiem huu han 32 UNCTAD 33 VCCI United Nations Conference on Hoi nghi Lien hop quoc ve Trade and Development thuong mai va phat trien Vietnam Chamber of Phong thuong mai va cong Commerce and Industry nghiep Viet Nam 34 WB World Bank Ngan hang the' gidi 35 WTO World Trade Organization To chuc thuong mai the gidi 36 XK - Xuat khau 37 XQG - Xuyen quoc gia DANH MUC CAC BANG Bang 1.1: Mot so trung tarn R&D cua cac chi nhanh lmh vuc dien tu va ICT d Trung Quoc nam 2004 -11Bang 1.2: 20 TNC chi tieu cho R&D lcm nhat nam 2003 - 13 Bang 1.3: So luqng lao dong d TNCs Hoa Ky lmh vuc phi ngan hang -16Bang 1.5: Chi cho R&D cua cac cong ty me va MOFA linh vuc - 20 phi ngan hang - 20 Bang 1.6: Dau tu true tiep cua My d khu vuc Chau A - Thai Binh Duong .- 28 - Bang 2.1: Tang trudng va ty von thuc hien cua cac cong ty Hoa Ky - 53 d Viet Nam - 53 - Bang 2.2: Von dau tu true tiep cua Hoa Ky qua nude va lanh tho thtr ba - 54 Bang 2.3: Cac du an lorn nhat cua TNCs Hoa Ky dau tu tai Viet Nam - 56Bang 2.4: Dau tu cua Hoa Ky theo nganh (tit 1988 den het 31/12/2004) - 58Bang 2.5: Dau tu cua cong ty Hoa Ky theo hinh thurc dau tu - 61Bang 2.6 : So sanh moi trudmg dau tu cua Viet Nam va ASEAN/An Do - 72so vdi Trung Quoc - 72 - - 107DANH MUC HINH Hinh 1.1: Co cau dieu hanh cua Concern - 23- Hinh 1.2: Dau tu true tiep cua My - 25- Hinh 1.3: Co cau dau tu true tiep cua My d cac nude nam 2004 .- 26Hinh 2.1: Von dang ky va von thuc hien d Viet Nam - 36Hinh 2.2: Von dau tu thuc hien cua Hoa Ky d Viet Nam - 52Hinh 2.3: So sanh von thuc hien cua sau nha dau tu ldn taiViet Nam - 63til nam 2000-2004 - 63 - DANH MUC HOP Hop 1.1: Con during phat trien cua TNCs - Hop 1.2: Bung no cac dong FDI lien quan R&D d Trung Quoc - 11 Hop 1.3: Mang ludi R&D cua Motorola - 15 Hop 1.4: Chien luqc ngudi cua Motorola d Trung Quoc - 18 Hop 1.5: Hoat dong R&D cua Intel d cac nude dang phat trien - 22 - Hop 2.1: Coca- Cola dr Viet Nam - 51 Hop 2.2: Cargill - Tap doan chuyen ve nong nghiep va thuc phim lorn nhat cua Hoa Ky dr Viet Nam - 59 Hop 2.3: Procter&Gamble (P&G) mdr rong san xuat kinh doanh tai Viet Nam - 62 Hop 2.4: Viet Nam dang la noi hap din TNCs Hoa Ky - 65 Hop 2.5: Intel dr Viet Nam - 66 - Hop 2.6: Thi trudmg ICT Viet Nam cang hap din cac doanh nghiep My - 68 - DANH MUC PHU LUC Phu Luc 1: Chi so hoat dong cua cac chi nhanh TNCs Hoa Ky linh vuc phi ngan hang, dr mot so nudre Chau A - 97- Phu luc 2: Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai theo nganh 1988-2005 - 98- Phu luc 3: Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai vao Viet Nam theo hinh thiic dau tu - 98 Phu luc 4: 20 nha diu tu true tiep nude ngoai ldn nhat 1988-2005 - 99Phu luc 5: Diu tu true tiep nude ngoai theo dia phuemg 1988-2005 - 99- Phu luc 6: Dau tu true tiep tir Hoa Ky vao Vidt Nam - 102- theo nganh 1988-2005 - 102- Phu luc 7: Dau tu true tiep tir Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam theo hinh thuc dau tu - 103- Phu luc 8: Diu tu true tiep tir Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam - 103- theo dia phuong 1988-2005 - 103- TRUING DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN NGUYfiN XUAN TRUNG TANG CUONG THU HUT DAu TUTRUC Tl£'P NJCJC NGOAI W CAC CONG ty xuyen quoc gia cOa hoa KY VAO VIET NAM Chuyen nganh: KINH TE HOI NGOAI LU AN VAN THAC SY KINH TE • • TOM TAT LU AN VAN THAC SY • • Ngiroi haorng din khoa hoc: PGS.TS Nguyin Thudng Lang HA NOI- 2006 -90- qua cung khong nhieu V'l vay, nha nudc can phai cung co lai he thong doanh nghiep nha nudc Trudc mat, can tiep tuc phat trien cac doanh nghiep cd ldn, dd la cac tdng cong ty 90, 91, theo hudng tap trung von cao, cong nghe tien tien, chiem gitr vi tri dac biet nen kinh te lam co sd hinh cac tap doan kinh te manh Tiep den, day manh viec cd phan hoa cac doanh nghiep vien, tien tdi cd phan hoa tdng cong ty Hinh cac tap doan kinh te cd sd huu hdn hop Nha nudc can cd chfnh sach khuyen khich, hd trq, giup dd cac doanh nghiep nhanh chong trudng cd the lien doanh lien ket vdi TNCs Hoa Ky Nha nudc can xem xet danh gia lai vai trd cua doanh nghiep ngoai quoc doanh Can tao san chai binh dang cho tat ca cac doanh nghiep, chong khuynh hudng doc quyen hoac dua vao vi the duqc hd trq de ap dat thi trudng Ngoai ra, ve phfa cac doanh nghiep nha nudc cung nhu tu nhan cung phai nd luc cao, phan dau vuon len, khong chd y lai vao su giup dd cua nha nudc Su nd luc dd phai duqc the hien bang y chi, quyet tam doi mdi td chuc quan ly dieu hanh cung nhu hoat dong san xuat Can phai hoc tap kinh nghiem tir cac nha quan ly nudc ngoai Cd nhu vay mdi trd nhung doi tac tuong xiing va lien doanh cd hieu qua vdi TNCs Hoa Ky -91 - KET LU AN TNCs Hoa Ky la nhung cong ty ldn co trinh cdng nghe cao va thuong hieu cua ho da duoc khang dinh tren thi trudng quoc te Viec thu hut TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam da duqc chinh phu Viet Nam rat quan tam Tuy nhien, dau tu cua TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam vSn duqc coi la dudi tiem nang cua ca hai ben Dau tu cua cac cong ty me cua TNCs hau nhu khong cd su gia tang dang ke nao nhung nam qua ca Hiep dinh thuong mai song phuong Viet Nam- Hoa Ky cd hieu luc Nhung neu tinh ca dau tu cua cac chi nhanh cua TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam thi dau tu cua cac cdng ty My chiem giu vi tri kha quan trong cac ddi tac dau tu d Viet Nam Mac du vay, Viet Nam vSn mong muon cd duqc cac cdng ty me tur My Dieu vSn duqc coi la thach thiic ddi vdi Viet Nam Tai My la nen kinh te diing dau the gidi ve dau tu nudc ngoai nhung vin dau tu cam chirng d Viet Nam? Qua trinh nghien ciiu cho thay, TNCs Hoa Ky vdi nhung chinh sach dau tu cd nhieu diem khac vdi uu tien cua Viet Nam hien va khac vdi TNCs d cac nudc khac: Ho chu vao thi trudng tieu thu hon la chu y den gia lao dong re nhung chat luqng thap cua Viet Nam; TNCs Hoa Ky cd cac chi nhanh chu yeu sd huu 100% von d khu vuc chau A, viec dau tu th cac chi nhanh cua chung sang nudc khac khong khac nhieu so vdi tir cdng ty me Hon nua, viec dau tu cua cac cong ty Hoa Ky duqc can nhac rat ky, vi thudng ho xay dung chien luqc lau dai, cho nen ho chd doi su cai each hon nua d Viet Nam Tuy nhien, mdi trudng dau tu d Viet Nam da chuyen bien dang ke nhung nam qua Nhung cam ket manh me hoi nhap kinh te the gidi da duqc Viet Nam thuc hien nghiem tuc Nhung nam gan day la thdi gian dang ghi nhan su nd luc cua Quoc hoi Viet Nam viec xay dung hang loat cac bo luat hoan thien mdi trudng dau tu: dd cd nhung luat rift quan nhu luat dau tu chung, luat doanh nghiep chung, luat canh tranh, luat pha san Dd cung la thdi gian Nha nudc va chinh phu nd luc vuqt bac de cai each mdi trudng kinh te Viet Nam Nhung qua Viet Nam dat duqc phat trien kinh te-xa hoi nhung nam qua la minh chung rd rang nhat cho su nd luc dd Chfnh vi vay, nhieu nha dau tu, ke ca cac nha dau tu My da -92- co cai nhin lac quan han vdi moi trudng dau tu cua Viet Nam Nhieu chuyen gia cho rang se cd lan song dau tu mdi th TNCs Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam, dac biet Viet Nam gia nhap WTO Tuy nhien, de thu hut hieu qua TNCs Hoa Ky, Viet Nam can dieu chinh chien lucre cung nhu each thiic thu hut dau tu cua minh Ngoai van de cai thien moi trudng dau tu noi chung, Viet Nam can phai liet ke nhung TNC Hoa Ky ma Viet Nam mong muon ho dau tu Tiep den, phai xay dung chien luge thu hut TNCs that chi tiet va cu thd Cuoi cung, phai doi mdi ke hoach xuc tien dau tu theo hudng hudng vao tirng TNC va can thiet phai cd su tham gia cua chinh phu mdi du tin cay ddi vdi nhung TNCs ldn Nhung giai phap dua d tren giup Viet Nam va TNCs Hoa Ky nhanh chong cd su hoa hop ve lgi ich cua Ddng thdi se nhanh chong khang dinh tin cay cua mdi trudng dau tu d Viet Nam Cd nhu vay Viet Nam mdi hy vgng thu hut dugc nhieu dau tu th TNCs Hoa Ky phuc vu cong cuoc CNH-HDH dat nudc vi muc tieu dan giau nudc manh, xa hoi cong bhng, dan chu, van minh Mac du tac gia da nd luc cao qua trinh tim toi nghien ciiu nhung han che ve thdi gian, nguon thong tin nen luan van kho tranh khoi nhung thieu sot Tac gia mong nhan dugc y kien ddng gop cua cac thay, cd giao va cac ban de cong trinh nghien cun dugc hoan thien han -93- TAI LIEU THAM KHAO I Tieng Viet Bao dau tu: “Intel Rich thich cac nha dau tu khac den Viet Nam”, Thd sau 3/3/2006 Bao dau tu: “Thu hut cac tap doan da quoc gia - can thi hanh chinh sach mang tinh dac thu”, So 106, thd hai 29/5/2006, trang 12 Bao dien tit cua Thdi bao kinh te Viet Nam: “Thu hut dau tu: Viet Nam khong chi mong tang ve so luong”- Bai phat bieu cua Thd trudng Bo KH-DT Nguyen Bich Dat tai Didn dan dau tu Viet Nam, Ha Noi, 15-16/3/2006, www.vneconomy.com.vn/ Bao dien tu- Thdi bao kinh te Viet Nam: “Nha dau tu Nhat lo ngai van de tang cua Viet Nam”, www.vneconomy.com.vn/, 05/05/2006 Bao dien tu- Thdi bao kinh te Viet Nam: “Chung ta vita trai qua phien dam phan kho nhat vd WTO” - Bai tra ldi phdng van cua Thuf trudng Bo Thuong mai- Luong Van Tu sau ket thuc phien dam phan song phuong cuoi cung ve viec Viet Nam gia nhap WTO vdi Hoa Ky, Ngay 14/4/2006, www.vneconomy.com.vn/ Bao dien tir Vietnamnet (2006), “Viet Nam vuot len thd ba the gidi ve hap dan ban le”, http://vietnamnet.vn/kinhte/2006/05/566727/ Bao Ddng Nai dien tu (2005), “Cargill - Nha dau tu Hoa Ky cong tai thi trudng Ddng Nai”, 01/11/2005, www.Baodongnai.com.vn/ PGS.TS Dd Ddc Binh (2005), “Dau tu cua cac cong ty xuyen quoc gia (TNCs) tai Viet Nam ”, Nha xuat ban Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 2005 PGS TS Dd Ddc Binh - PGS.TS Nguydn Thudng Lang (2006), Thu hut dau tu cua cac doanh nghiep Hoa Ky va chau My vao Hd Noi, Nha xuat ban xay dung, Ha Noi 10 Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu (2005) “Thong ke ve dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai tai Viet Nam”, http://www.mpi.gov.vn/fdi/Bangbieu/ 11 Bo Ke hoach va dau tu (2006), “Lam gi de thu hut tap doan da quoc gia?’, http://www.mpi.gov.vn/ 12 CIEM, STAR- Viet Nam, USAID: “Danh gia tac dong kinh te cua Hiep dinh thuong mai song phuong Viet Nam- Hoa Ky (Bao cao kinh te 2002), Nha xuat ban Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 2003 13 My ChSu: “Quan he Viet Nam - Hoa ky: 10 nam mot chang dudng”, Tap chi VietMy, Hoi Viet My, sd (thang 6-7/2005), trang 10-12 14 Nguydn Ngoc Dien, Bui Thanh Son, Nguydn Thai Yen Huong (1996), “Dau tutruc tiep cua cac cong ty Xuyen Quoc gia d cac nudc dang phat trien”, Nha xuat ban Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Ndi -94- 15 Dir an STAR- Viet Nam va Cue Dau tu nudc ngoai (Bo KH-DT): “Tac dong cua Hiep dinh Thuong mai song phuong Viet Nam- Hoa Ky den dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai va dau tu true tiep cua Hoa Ky tai Viet Nam”, Nha xuat ban Chfnh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 2005 16 Dang cong san Viet Nam, “Mudi nam quan he thuong mai va dau tu Viet - My”, http://www.cpv.org.vn/content.asp?topic=5&Subtopic=16 , 22/6/2005 17 Nguydn Bfch Dat (2004a): “10 su kien noi bat ve dau tu nudc ngoai nam 2003”, Tap chi Kinh teva Du bao, sd 369 (1.2004) 18 Nguydn Bfch Dat (2004b): “Tinh hinh va giai phap tang cudng thu hut dau tu nudc ngoai giai doan tdi”, Bao cao tai Hoi nghi DTNN nam 2004, Ha noi 29/3/2004 19 Virginia Foote (2005): “WTO- Tin hieu tich cue cho dau tu Hoa Ky”, Tap chi Viet - My, Hoi Viet - My, So (thang 6-7/2005), tr.31 20 Tu Giang: “Dau tu cua Hoa Ky: Nhung cai nhin lac quan”, Tap chi Viet - My, Hoi Viet - My, sd (thang 6-7/2005),tr.24-28 21 Tran Thanh Hai (2002): Hoi dap ve WTO, Uy ban quoc gia ve hqp tac kinh te' quo'c te', Nha xuat ban Chfnh tri quo'c gia, Ha Noi 22 Nguydn Thi Hudng, Bui Huy Nhuqng (2003), “Nhung bai hoc rut qua so sanh tinh hinh thu hut FDI nudc ngoai d Trung Quo'c va Viet Nam”, Tap chi Kinh teva Phat trien, sd 2/2003 23 Nguydn Van Lan (2002): "Hoat dong cua cac cdng ty xuyen quo'c gia va tac dong cua nd doi vdi cac nudc dang phat trien”, Tap chf Nhung van de kinh te the gidi, so 3(77), 2002 24 Michael Marine: “Rat phan khfch ve trien vong quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky”- Bai tra ldi phong van tren tap chi Viet- My, Hoi Viet - My, so (thang 1011/2005),trang 6-8 25 TS Phung XuSn Nha (2001), Dau tu quoc te, Nha xuat ban Dai hoc quo'c gia, Ha Noi 26 Nguydn Thi Nhidu: “Hiep dinh thuong mai Viet Nam- Hoa Ky: nhung co hoi va thach thuc mdi ddi vdi phat trien thuong mai va thu hut dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai cua Viet Nam”, Tap chi Cong san, So 24 (12/2004) 27 Pham Thai Quo'c (2001), “Chfnh sach thu hut dau tu nudc ngoai vdi qua trinh hoi nhap quo'c te' cua Trung Quo'c”, Tap chi Kinh te Chau A- Thdi Binh Duong, so 2(31), 4/2001 28 Le Kim Sa (2002): “Dau tu nudc ngoai cua My d khu vuc Chau A- Thai Binh Duong nhung nam cuoi the ky XX”, Tap chi Chau My nay, so 4, 2002 29 Le Van Sang, Trdn Quang Lam (1996), “Cue cdng ty xuyen quoc gia (TNCs) trudc ngudng cita the ky XXI”, Nha xuat ban Khoa hoc xa hoi, Ha Noi 1996 -95- 30 TS Nguy6n Hdng Son (2003): “FDI tren the gidi - dac diem va tridn vong”, Tap chi Tai chinh, thang 3.2003 31 Nguy£n Thiet Son (Chu bien, 2003), “Cdc cong ty xuyen quoc gia: Khai niem, dac trung vd nhung bieu hien mai", Trung tam Nghien cuu Bac My va Nha xuat ban Khoa hoc xa hoi, Ha Noi 32 Nguydn Thiet Son (2004), Viet Nam - Hoa Ky: quan he thuong mai vd dau tu, Nha xuat ban Khoa hoc xa hoi, Ha Noi, 2004 33 Nguydn Thiet Son (1999), ‘Cac cong ty xuyen quoc gia va dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai”, Tap chi Chau My nay, sd 6/1999 34 Dinh Trung Thanh (2006): “Dau tu true tiep cua TNCs Nhat Ban d Viet Nam - tong quan va trien vong”, Tap chi Nghien citu kinh te, so 335 (4/2006), Vien Kinh te Viet Nam (Vien Khoa hoc xa hoi Viet Nam) 35 Tap chi Ngoai thuong, “Nhung hinh thdc hoat dong d nudc ngoai cua cac cong ty xuyen quoc gia cua My”, sd 5-6-7, tir 11/2- 10/3/2006 36 Nguydn Khac Than (1992), “Vaz trd cua cac cong ty xuyen quoc gia doi vdi nen kinh tecac nudc ASEAN ”, Nha xuat ban Phap ly, Ha Noi 37 Nguydn Khac Than (1995), “Cac cong ty xuyen quoc gia hien dai”, Nha xua't ban Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 38 Nguydn Ddc Tho (2006): “Xuc tien dau tu va mot vai suy nghi trudng hop Viet Nam”, Bao dau ti(, sd 41; 42; 43; cac 5/4/06; 7/4/06; 10/4/06 39 Thdi bao Kinh te' Viet Nam va Cue dau tu nudc ngoai (Bo KH-DT): “Ky yeu Dau tu nudc ngoai tai Viet Nam”, Nha xuat ban Van hoa- thong tin, Ha noi 2004 40 Thong tan xa Viet Nam: “Du luan xung quanh viec Intel dau tu vao Viet Nam va Bao Anh viet ve ke hoach dau tu cua Intel vao Viet Nam”, Tin Kinh te', 02/3/2006 41 TS Nguydn Anh Tuan (2006): “Nhin lai nam 2005: Thu hut dau tu nudc ngoai tiep tuc khdi sdc”, Cue dau tu nudc ngoai (Bo KH-DT), www.mpi.gov.vn/ 42 “Hiep dinh thuong mai song phuong giua cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam va Hqp chung quoc Hoa Ky” 43 Luat dau tu nudc ngoai tai Viet Nam nam 1996, 2000 va cac van ban hudng dan thi hanh 44 “Luat dau tu cua Quoc hoi nudc Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam”, Sd 59/2005/QH11, 29/11/2005 45 “Chuan bi don lan song dau tu “h|u WTO’”, http://www.vnep.org.vn/Web/Content.aspx?distid=769 46 Bui Kim Yen (2006), “Chien dich toan cau hoa cua cac cong ty da quoc gia”, Tap chi Phat trien kinh te, So 187 (5/2006), tr24-26 -96- II Tieng Anh 47 Guoqiang Long (2004): “China’s Policies on FDI: Review and Evaluation" chuomg 12 cuon “Does FDI promote Development” 48 Julia Manea and Robert Pearce, Industrial restructuring in economies in transition and TNCs’investment motivations, Transnational Corporations, Vol.13, No.2 (aug.2004) 49 Peter J Buckley, Jeremy Clegg, and Hui Tan: “Transfer to China: policy lessons from foreign affiliates”, Transnational corporations, Vol 13, No.l (Apr 2004) 50 Raymond J Mataloni Jr.(2002), U.S Multinational Companies: operations in 2000, “Survey of Current Business", Dec.2002, BEA, Washington DC 51 Raymond J Mataloni Jr.(2003), U.S Multinational Companies: operations in 2001, "Survey of Current Business" November 2003, BEA, Wash DC 52 Raymond J Mataloni Jr.(2004), U.S Multinational Companies: operations in 2002, Survey of Current Business, july 2004, BEA, Wash DC 53 Raymond J Mataloni Jr.(2005), U.S Multinational Companies: operations in 2003, “Survey of Current Business",July 2005, BEA, Wash.DC 54 The Fortune, 8/5/2006 55 The Fortune, 26/7/2004 56 U.S Direct Investment Abroad: Detail for Historical- Cost Position and Related Capital and Income Flows 2004, Survey of Current Business, Sep.2005 57 UNCTD, World Investment Report 2005: Transnational Corporations and Internationalization of R&D, chapter 4, New York and Geneva, 2005 58 UNCT D, World Invesment Repotr 2004, New York and Geneva, 2004 59 UNCTD, World Investment Report 2003, New York and Geneva, 2003 60 UNCTD, World Investment Report 2002, New York and Geneva, 2002 61 UNCTD, World Investment Report 2001 , New York and Geneva, 2001 -97- PHU LUC Phu luc 1: Chi so hoat dong cua cac chi nhanh TNCs Hoa Ky linh vuc phi ngan hang, d mot so nude Chau A Don vi: Trieu USD Nude Tong tai san Doanh thu Thu nhap rong XK.hang hoa My sang chi nhanh NK.hang Tra luorng Nghin hoa My tir nhan vien nhan chi nhanh vien Nam 2000 TrungQuoc(* 35033 32.125 2.186 2.470 (D) 2.184 281,2 An Do 13459 8.285 -30 475 104 829 97,4 Indonesia 28.354 12.458 2.976 293 379 839 72,1 Malaysia 26.140 26.979 1.464 1.924 3.760 1.262 126,3 Philipin 12.136 10.279 306 1.673 776 660 79,0 Thai Lan 26.598 21.117 763 (D) 1.271 987 144,5 Nam 2001 TrungQuoc* 38.658 An Do 36.547 2.044 2.484 3.125 2.464 314,5 15.875 9.697 324 504 160 1.032 120,8 Indonesia 33.990 14.887 1.965 291 172 760 79,2 Malaysia 28.034 28.673 1.739 1.541 4.236 1.559 127,8 Philipin 15.991 950 1.233 535 717 81,9 Thai Lan 29.166 22.407 1.076 1.253 1.026 1.028 131,2 11.051 Nam 2002 Trung Quo'c* 45.783 46.718 An Do 16.699 Indonesia 3.402 3.139 2.909 2.763 357,0 10.392 165 510 177 1.169 131,0 33.747 14.314 2.142 232 93 890 80,0 Malaysia 30.291 31.033 2.433 1.341 6.036 1.343 106,0 Philipin 20.498 12.136 1.113 1.256 601 711 94,0 Thai lan 30.437 21.489 824 801 563 1.061 155,0 Nam 2003 Trung Qudc(*) 52.719 56.831 4.835 3.550 2.513 3.214 387,3 An Do 461 499 269 1.473 157,6 20.677 12.092 -98- Indonesia 34.603 16.322 2.926 301 68 1.010 80,4 Malaysia 32.091 35.622 2.071 1.703 8.172 1.391 98,0 Philipin 21.662 12.509 1.287 1.353 648 708 86,9 Thai Lan 33.148 25.011 1.442 765 1.158 1.195 130,2 Chu thick:**’ Trir Hong Kong (D): Khong cong bo de tranh tiet Id dir lieu cua cac cong ty tu nhan Nguon: Survey of Current Business, cac so 12/2002; 2003; 7/2004; 2005 Phu luc 2: Dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai theo nganh 1988-2005 (tfnh tori 31/12/2005 - chi tinh cac du an hieu luc STT I Chuyen nganh Cong nghiep So du an TVDT (USD) 13.355.301.115 1.631.140.82 II 3.774.878.343 Ndng, lam nghiep 789 III Dich vu 1.188 16.202.102.288 7.698.540.445 Tong so 6.030 51.017.946.248 22.684.982.386 Nguon: Cue Dau tu nudc ngoai - Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu 4.053 Dau tu thuc hien (USD) Von phap dinh (USD) 31.040.965.617 19.448.451.295 1.816.117.188 6.721.767.094 27.986.335.577 Phu luc 3: Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai vao Viet Nam theo hinh thdc dau tu 1988-2005 (tinh tdi 31/12/2005 - chi tinh cac du an hieu luc) Hinh thiic dau Du an TVDT tu Sd luong Ty Gia tri (USD) (%) 100% von nude ngoai 4,504 Lien doanh 1,327 HDHTKD 184 BOT Cty c6 phan Cty quan ly vd'n T6ng 6,030 Ty (%) Von phap dinh 3ia tri (USD) ry Irong (%) V6'n thuc hi6n Oia tri (USD) ry rong :%) 74.69 26,041,421,663 51.04 11,121,222,138 49.02 9,884,072,976 35.32 22.01 19,180,914,141 37.60 7,425,928,291 32.73 11,145,954,535 39.83 3.05 4,170,613,253 8.17 1,588,814,362 15.82 6,053,093,245 21.63 0.10 1,370,125,000 2.69 111,385,000 1.81 727,030,774 2.60 0.13 199,314,191 0.39 52,074,595 0.36 170,184,047 3.61 0.02 55,558,000 0.11 >5,558,000 0.24 6,000,000 100.00 51,017,946,248 100.00 ’2,684,982,386 Nguon: Cue dau tu nudc ngoai- Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu 100.00 27,986,335,577 3.02 100.00 -99- Phu luc 4: 20 nha dau tu true tiep nude ngoai lom nhat 1988-2005 (tinh tdi 31/12/2005 - chi tfnh cac dir an hieu luc) STT 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Nudc, vung lanh tho Sd du an TVDT(USD) Von phap dinh (USD) Dau tu thuc hien (USD) Dai Loan 1,422 7,769,027,127 3,364,123,314 Singapore 403 7,610,672,977 2,831,998,937 Nhat Ban 600 6,289,749,999 2,860,124,611 Han Quoc 1,064 5,337,858,695 2,306,824,058 Hong Kong 360 3,727,943,431 1,576,161,203 BritishVirginlslands 251 2,692,708,280 1,016,198,286 Phap 164 2,171,243,593 1,347,136,280 Ha Lan 62 1,996,039,210 1,225,590,774 Malaysia 184 1,571,072,072 709,973,095 Thai Lan 130 1,456,109,156 486,872,652 Hoa Ky 265 1,455,112,949 749,684,623 Vuong quoc Anh 68 1,248,301,073 447,064,590 Samoa 20 825,066,668 257,506,000 Luxembourg 15 810,616,324 726,259,400 Cayman Islands 16 749,363,750 271,691,771 Trung Quoc 357 739,231,362 408,891,827 Thuy Sy 33 686,436,029 337,014,981 Australia 115 664,789,248 297,079,863 British West Indies 407,000,000 118,000,000 CHLB Ddc 71 344,373,603 145,042,445 Nguon: Cue Dau tu nudc ngoai - Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu 2,830,865,801 3,620,630,556 4,669,368,734 2,590,655,156 1,986,420,590 1,240,029,418 1,188,407,723 1,924,278,712 840,223,801 803,521,179 746,507,914 636,361,434 11,399,882 20,785,786 477,833,127 183,421,577 718,419,721 342,235,882 98,799,570 160,052,175 Phu luc 5: Dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai theo dia phuong 1988-2005 (tfnh tdi 31/12/2005 - chi tinh cac du an hieu luc) STT Dia phuomg So du an TVDT(USD) Von phap dinh (USD) Dau t thuc hien (USD) TP Ho Chi Minh Ha Noi 1,869 654 12,239,898,606 9,319,622,815 5,862,546,399 4,003,496,195 6,056,463,599 3,402,096,156 Ddng Nai 700 8,494,859,254 3,347,156,345 3,842,121,843 Binh Duong 1,083 5,031,857,583 2,113,531,609 1,862,200,644 Ba Ria-Vung Tau Hai Phdng 120 2,896,444,896 1,029,058,111 1,253,723,412 - 100- 185 2,034,582,644 851,299,957 1,228,474,035 Dau 27 1,891,191,815 1,384,191,815 5,541,671,381 Vinh Phuc 95 773,943,472 307,344,809 413,832,958 Long An 102 766,080,839 327,589,728 331,522,836 10 Hai Duong 77 720,072,061 286,597,816 375,261,454 11 Thanh Hoa 17 712,525,606 218,484,328 410,351,460 12 Quang Ninh 76 574,684,030 327,519,554 311,636,732 13 Da Nang 75 482,854,835 219,525,635 164,248,424 14 Kien Giang 454,538,000 199,478,000 583,690,402 15 HaTay 43 426,197,092 181,224,622 219,760,883 16 Khanh Hoa 62 401,736,082 147,834,878 305,043,261 17 Tay Ninh 108 397,051,247 273,843,928 184,097,779 18 Phu Tho 40 286,722,987 157,720,569 206,503,466 19 Bac Ninh 41 268,066,349 112,651,164 157,661,650 20 Nghe An 17 255,230,064 110,812,521 109,494,123 21 Phu Yen 34 247,906,313 118,118,655 68,142,280 22 Quang Nam 37 235,155,071 104,637,233 56,952,413 23 Thai Nguyen 19 209,960,472 82,323,472 23,132,565 24 Lam Dong 73 207,429,862 140,654,876 138,682,315 25 Thira Thien-Hue 33 207,281,462 87,859,899 143,600,118 26 Hung Yen 56 188,178,985 87,729,911 117,564,141 27 Binh Thuan 41 177,271,683 69,758,064 33,526,740 28 Can Thu 36 114,188,676 62,257,050 52,827,357 29 30 Lang Son Tien Giang 26 88,937,900 45,127,900 17,936,061 - 101 - 11 82,181,276 34,807,309 93,994,982 31 Nam Dinh 11 69,599,022 29,752,142 6,547,500 32 Ninh Binh 65,807,779 26,494,629 6,100,000 33 Binh Phudc 18 44,055,000 26,239,940 13,884,506 34 Lao Cai 29 41,856,733 26,546,187 25,486,507 35 Hoa Binh 12 41,651,255 16,421,574 12,661,062 36 Quang Tri 40,127,000 17,697,100 4,288,840 37 Binh Dinh 16 39,212,000 20,767,000 20,805,000 38 Quang Ngai 38,463,689 17,430,000 12,816,032 39 Ha Tinh 37,595,000 16,880,000 1,595,000 40 Vinh Long 36,595,000 15,835,000 10,276,630 41 Thai Binh 14 35,190,506 12,757,200 3,080,000 42 Quang Binh 32,333,800 9,733,800 25,490,197 43 Ninh Thu^n 30,471,000 12,908,839 6,040,442 44 Bac Giang 24 30,317,820 22,043,820 12,175,893 45 Tuyen Quang 26,000,000 5,500,000 46 Bac Lieu 25,178,646 13,922,687 24,863,486 47 Son La 25,070,000 9,171,000 10,670,898 48 Gia Lai 20,500,000 10,660,000 19,100,500 49 Bac Can 17,406,667 7,938,667 3,220,331 50 Dac Lac 15,232,280 4,518,750 15,232,280 51 Kon Turn 15,080,000 10,015,000 1,800,000 52 An Giang 14,831,895 4,516,000 15,552,352 53 54 Yen Bai Ben Tre 13,725,688 7,572,081 7,197,373 - 102- 10,994,048 4,954,175 3,550,397 55 Cao Bang 10,820,000 7,520,000 200,000 56 Ha Nam 9,200,000 3,490,000 3,807,156 57 D^c Nong 8,350,770 3,391,770 3,074,738 58 Tra Vinh 7,856,636 7,692,636 917,147 59 Dong Thap 7,203,037 5,733,037 1,514,970 60 Ha Giang 5,925,000 2,633,000 61 Soc Trang 5,286,000 2,706,000 2,055,617 62 Ca Mau 5,175,000 3,175,000 5,130,355 63 Lai Chau 3,000,000 2,000,000 180,898 64 Hau Giang 1,054,000 1,054,000 804,000 65 Dien Bien 129,000 129,000 Tong so 6,030 51,017,946,248 22,684,982,386 27,986,335,577 Nguon: Cue Dau tu nudc ngoai - E56 Ke hoach va Dau tu Phu luc 6: Dau tu true tiep tur Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam theo nganh 1988-2005 (tfnh tdi 31/12/2005 - chi tfnh cac du an hieu luc) STT I II III Chuyen nganh Cong nghiep CN dau CNnhe CN nang CN thuc pham Xay dung Ndng, lam nghiep Nong-Lam nghiep Thuy san Dich vu GTVT-Buu dien Sd du an 179 46 100 17 10 28 24 60 10 TVDT (USD) Von phap dinh (USD) Dau tu thuc hien (USD) 1,011,821,372 123,800,000 99,560,682 631,721,578 78,120,000 78,619,112 148,126,692 136,011,876 12,114,816 397,536,425 47,501,540 513,306,174 123,800,000 45,894,822 289,557,361 28,745,420 25,308,571 55,820,606 51,227,606 4,593,000 216,010,383 25,092,770 513,306,174 234,174,963 19,207,668 234,353,540 11,718,814 25,551,053 57,252,180 52,836,180 4,416,000 137,193,040 46,806,901 -103 - Khach san-Du lich 120,100,000 44,880,000 Tai chinh-Ngan hang 90,300,000 80,300,000 Van hda-Yte-Giao duc 15 87,744,715 40,008,221 XD Van phongCan ho 16,000,000 7,800,000 XD tang KCXKCN ’ 5,000,000 5,000,000 Dich vu khac 21 30,890,170 12,929,392 Tong so 267 1,557,484,489 785,137,163 Nguon: Cue Dau tu nude ngoai - Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu 4,100,000 21,500,000 34,988,757 7,800,000 3,000,000 18,997,382 707,751,394 Phu luc 7: Dau tu true tiep tu' Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam theo hinh thuc dau tu 1988-2005 (tinh tdi 31/12/2005 - chi tinh cac du an hieu luc) Dau tu thuc So du TVDT Von phap Hinh thuc dau tu hien(USD) an (USD) dinh (USD) Cong ty Co phan 35,000,000 11,213,493 29,840,136 HDHTKD 15 138,754,956 137,754,956 237,173,651 Lien doanh 45 325,631,504 191,029,732 226,893,821 100% von nudc ngoai 206 1,058,098,029 445,138,982 225,543,650 T ong so 267 1,557,484,489 785,137,163 719,451,258 Nguon: Cuc Dau tu nudc ngoai - Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu Phu luc 8: Dau tu truc tiep tu Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam theo dia phuong 1988-2005 STT (tinh tdi 31/12/2005 - chi tinh cac du an hieu luc) Dau tu thuc TVDT Von phap So' du dinh (USD) hien (USD) Dia phuong an (USD) 105 451,536,135 188,400,692 57,054,191 Dong Nai 25 263,578,985 103,868,953 94,691,978 Binh Duong 40 179,205,400 77,024,330 66,215,803 Ha Noi 25 129,130,480 71,663,667 55,254,107 Dau 123,800,000 123,800,000 234,174,963 Hai Duong 103,200,000 72,270,000 147,538,811 Da Nang 49,200,000 14,767,000 1,000,000 TP Ho Chi Minh - 104- Ba Ria-Vung Tau 32,846,218 11,207,677 Quang Nam 26,283,000 18,383,000 10 Phu Yen 26,240,000 8,120,000 3,320,000 11 Ha Tay 25,800,000 12,000,000 21,660,002 12 Quang Ninh 20,500,000 13,300,000 2,000,000 13 Binh Thuan 18,000,000 6,000,000 14 Thira Thien-Hue 17,503,190 9,685,190 41,000 15 Tay Ninh 13,100,000 4,767,000 1,500,000 16 Binh Phudc 11,500,000 8,067,000 4,500,000 17 Bac Lieu 10,464,816 4,116,000 4,116,000 18 Hai Phong 10,165,000 5,715,000 1,595,500 19 Quang Tri 7,152,000 6,422,100 1,288,840 20 Can Tho 6,451,000 5,750,000 1,340,741 21 Dac Lie 4,563,530 1,350,000 4,563,530 22 Lam Dong 4,400,000 1,600,000 1,484,474 23 Vinh Phuc 4,300,000 4,300,000 24 Nghe An 3,500,000 3,500,000 25 Vinh Long 3,490,000 1,650,000 26 Hng Yen 2,700,000 2,700,000 27 Kien Giang 2,000,000 2,000,000 28 Long An 1,500,000 800,000 29 Yen Bai 1,500,000 500,000 30 Khanh Hda 1,400,000 300,000 31 Hoa Binh 1,159,235 509,554 32 Bac Ninh 1,035,500 320,000 33 Thai Binh Tong so 267 280,000 280,000 15,531,318 300,000 280,000