Phát triển sản phẩm thay thế và hoàn thiện sản phẩm nhập khẩu tại công ty cp entec kỹ thuật năng lượng

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Sđ* ã* jtV; %riằ ?4;ôiÊ>v 3K&3g •> ■ i; » ft’’'-j ssgs^ •.^fc BSWS&ft Ê? ,.jÊi W a? gg* -ã ãWằ ., r r r nen da giai quyet dupe cac van de sau: (i) Da phan tich ro san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau co vai tro quan trong su phat trien kinh te hien nay; (ii) Da dua cac co so ly luan chung ve san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau; Va (iii) Tren co so nhung phan tich va danh gia do, \ r r r i Luan van da de xuat dupe mot so giai phap, dinh hudng phat trien san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau thiet bi dien den nam 2020 Nhirng y kien trao doi va gop y: - Danh muc TLTK xap xep chua chuan theo quy dinh - Chuan hoa lai Ten cua Luan van? a r r - Trong Chuong 2, d Muc 2.3 “Bank gid chung ve hoat dong san xuat thay the 9 va hoan thien san pham nhap khau cua cong ty nhirng nam qua''’ (trang 53), co le, d cac Tieu muc 2.3.1 va 2.3.2 luan van nen tap trung vao viec danh gia SAN XUAT hon la Danh gia SAN PHAM, va vi?c danh gia SAN PHAM chri la mot phan nhd Danh gid SAN XUAT! - Trog Chuang 3, van de “Quan ly san xuat” chua duoc de cap Muc 3.2 Giai phap • • • ' z - Xin hoi hoc vien mot cau hoi: Tieu chi hay dieu kien quan hay quyet dinh nhat de mot cong ty (cu the la Cdng ty CP Entec - Ky thuat nang lupng) cd the dam nhiem dupe viec phat trien san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau? Tom lai: Tuy vay, chi la nhung y kien cua ngudi doc, muon trao doi voi hoc vien, nham giup Hoc vien co the lua chon dupe phuong an trinh bay tot nhat co the cho chu de nghien cuu cua Luan van Tren thuc te, Luan van voi chu de tren cua Hoc vien Tran Thi Be da giai quyet dupe cac van de dat ra, va ve co ban da dap ung dupe nhung tieu chuan ca ve hinh thuc, chat lupng noi dung cua r f r x x mot Luan van cao hoc thuoc chuyen nganh Kinh te Quoc te De nghi Hoi dong thong qua va Hieu trudng trudng Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan cap bang Thac si kinh te cho hoc vien Tran Thi Be bang Luan van Ha Noi, 09 thang 11 nam 2015 Ngudi nhan xet thu- hai PGS TS Luu Ngoc Trinh (Vien Kinh te va Chinh tri The gid’i) YEU CAU CUA HOl DONG CHAM LUAN VAN THAC SI VE • 0 Nhung diem can sua chua bo sung trudc nop luan van chinh thuc cho Vien dao tao SDH Chu tich Hoi dong (Ky va ghi rd ho ten) Cam ket cua Hoc vien7 fat wm /&/ C.tunk .suet zZaa.u wi .Jixia yea cua GS.TS Hoang Due Than Hoc vien Tran Thi Be Neu hoc vien co trach nhiem chinh sua theo yeu cau cua Hoi dong chain luan van Trong trirdng hop khong chinh sua se khong dupe cong nhan ket qua bao ve Hoc vien phai dong ban yeu cau chinh sua vao truoc phan muc luc luan van chinh thuc nop cho Vien DT SDH 81 luong van dang chiem uu the Day chinh la bai toan kho cho cong ty vi co rat nhieu yeu to kho khan nhu: thu nhat la khach hang chua biet den san pham cua cong ty nhieu, thu la hai thi truong dang co san pham quen thuoc van thuong xuyen xu dung, thu la san pham moi nen ho chua duoc biet den chat luong, mau ma, san pham no nhu the nao nen chua co ldng tin Hinh anh cua cong ty chua duoc mo rong den cac dia ban cac tinh le va cac thi truong mien Trung va mien Nam nhieu Trong nen kinh te thi truong canh tranh gay gat, mot doanh nghiep muon ton tai va phat trien thi doanh nghiep phai biet tong hop moi yeu to de dat duoc ket qua kinh doanh tot Chinh vi vay Marketing chinh la mot bien phap hieu qua de 9 A kiem tra san pham o mot thi truong moi va tiem nang De lam duoc nhu vay cac can bo kinh doanh can phai hieu ro van de va dua cac phuong an tiep can thi truong de gioi thieu san pham Co mot so huong tiep can nhu sau: - Xay dung chinh sach Marketing doi voi tung khu vuc, chinh sach khach hang cung nhu chinh sach cho chinh cac can bo cong nhan vien cua cong ty de gop phan nang cao hieu qua hoat dong kinh doanh - De co the Marketing san pham cdng doi ngu Marketing can phai hieu ro uu nhuoc diem cua san pham, loi the san pham cua cong ty de co the huong toi doi tuong khach hang phu hop - Gioi thieu san pham truc tiep thong qua mot cuoc hoi thao cong ty to chuc de gioi thieu san pham, kem hinh anh, cataloge Tuy nhien phuong an cung kha ton chi phi quang ba, nhung hieu qua dem lai se cao - Cap mot san pham cho khach hang su dung thu de biet chat luong san pham nhu the nao de co long tin vao san pham nhu vay thi moi co co hoi dem san pham vao cac du an dau thau - Quay lai mot dia VCD ve san pham, hoat dong cua san pham de khach hang co the tan mat chung kien va co the thuyet phuc khach hang - Thong qua mang xa hoi, cac phuong tien bao chi truyen thong gioi thieu den cong ty cung nhu cac san pham cua cong ty san xuat, kinh doanh de khach hang co the biet va lien he 82 - Tang cudng cac bien phap quang ba thuong hieu, gidi thieu san pham Day la hoat dong nham muc dich mang san pham den gan va tiep can duoc vdi khach hang Hien tai cong ty dang su dung phuong phap gidi thieu va quang ba san pham true tiep den khach hang, qua cac website Cdng ty can ap dung nhung tidn bo khoa hoc cdng nghe thong tin de quang ba san pham, md rong thi trudng va hudng den nhieu ddi tuong khach hang 3.2.5 Day manh hoat dong tieu thu san pham thiet hi dien cua cong ty Day manh hoat dong tieu thu san pham la each tdt nhat de cdng ty cd the phat trien san xuat nang cao hieu qua kinh doanh Qua cac kenh phan phoi thi khach hang se biet den cac san pham cua cdng ty nhieu hon - Tham gia nhieu du an dau thau cac thi trudng tu Bac vao Nam Tiep can co hoi tham gia du an, lam quen khach hang dong thdi cd the dua san pham cua cdng ty san xuat, cua hang vao du an dau thau de cd the gidi thieu den cac thi trudng mdi hoac thi trudng chua khai thac sau Do la each lam true tiep nhat de cd the dat duoc muc dich hoat dong kinh doanh - Dau tu cho cdng tac khao sat, dieu tra, nghien cuu thi trudng Tim kiem thong tin cac du an dau thau ve cung cap VTTB cua cac dien luc de tham gia Cac du an can phai duoc nam rd cac diem quan trong viec yeu cau thong so ky thuat cua san pham de cd the chao thau dung De san pham san xuat duoc tieu thu nhanh ddi hoi cdng ty can phai co cdng tac khao sat dieu tra nghien cuu thi trudng mot each nhanh nhay chinh xac, dung vdi thuc te De tu cdng ty lap ke hoach du kien phat trien, dua cac phuong hudng md rong hay thu hep cac mat hang san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham de tieu thu hang hoa mot each tdt nhat - Cdng ty can du bao dupe nhu cau san pham cua thi trudng nhung nam toi cd bao nhieu du an se dupe thuc hien, nhung tram can cai tao, tram nao can lam mdi de cd ke hoach hop ly - Day manh cac hoat dong quang cao hoi thao de hudng san pham den khach hang Dac biet cac san pham cua cdng ty la cac mat hang cao cap mang tinh dac thu cua nganh dien , do khach hang bi han che chu yeu la khach hang cac 83 cong ty dien luc, dien cong nghiep, cac khu cdng nghiep Chinh vi vay viec md rong thi truong tim kiem khach hang trd nen quan doi voi cdng ty Cdng ty nen md rong them quy md hoat dong kinh doanh san xuat thdng qua cac dai ly, chi nhanh, de co the hoat dong tot tren ca thi truong Bac, Trung , Nam thay vi hien tai dang phat trien manh moi khu vuc phia Bac - Dua cac chinh sach ve gia ca san pham hop ly doi voi tung doi tuong khach hang de co the thu hut su quan tam tu phia khach hang nhieu hon Cac gia de canh tranh, gia chien luoc de phat trien cho khach hang moi Vi du khach hang d thi truong mien Bac da than thiet thi canh tranh ve gia chi mang tinh chat tuong doi, san pham co the lam voi gia cao hon van co the thang thau Tuy nhien voi nhung doi tuong khach hang moi nhu cac dien luc tinh khu vuc mien Trung va Mien Nam thi cdng ty can co chinh sach gia uu dai, de tung buoc tung buoc dua san pham toi nguoi tieu dung Sau co the khoanh vung doi tuong khach hang va xay dung lai chinh sach gia moi Ngoai de day manh thi truong tieu thu viec van chuyen hang hoa cung can phai linh dong va dap ung yeu cau cua khach hang Dap ung van chuyen den tan chan cdng trinh va ban giao hang hoa cho khach hang de khach hang khdng cam thay phuc tap van de, ve phia cdng ty cung chu dong va tao moi quan he lam an lau dai 3.2.6 Hoan thien khau ban hang va dich vu sau ban hang - Cdng ty nen da dang hoa cac hinh thuc ban hang nhu ban hang qua mang, ban hang dau thau, cac du an hop tac voi nhieu ben doi tac de giam bot ddi thu canh tranh va dem lai hieu qua kinh doanh cao hon Khau ban hang la khau rat quan bdi hoat dong truc tiep dem lai doanh so cho cdng ty qua cac giai doan nhu sau: + De co the ban cdng mot don hang thi viec dau tien chinh la cac can bo kinh doanh, nguoi truc tiep se lam ho so tham gia dau thau Khau can doi ngu can bo kinh doanh day dan kinh nghiem chao thau, lam viec can than, ky luong, nam bat duoc nhieu thdng tin cua du an dau thau de co the dua phuong 84 an kinh doanh co kha nang chien thang cao Neu co so suat giai doan dau thau thi du an co kha nang bi truot va gay thiet hai lon den cong ty + Sau du an trung thau thi can bo quan ly du an truc tiep giao dich voi khach hang de trao doi cac thong tin, giay to can thiet ve viec cung cap hang hoa duoc quy dinh ro hop dong + Cuoi cung la giao hang cho khach hang theo hop ddng Viec giao hang can phai dung thoi han, cac thiet bi phai dap ung tieu chuan da quy dinh ro hop ddng, dam bao chat luong - Cong ty nen dua nhung chinh sach khach hang hop ly de tao nen moi quan he than thiet voi khach hang de lam viec lau dai van de gia ca la van de nhay cam doi voi bat ky mot cong ty nao Cong ty can co bien phap cu the tac dong vao khach hang nhu chinh sach ho tro gia, chinh sach chiet khau co chiet khau thuong mai va chiet khau toan Thu nhat la chiet khau thuong mai doanh nghiep khau tru cho khach hang mua nhieu mot so tien tuong tung voi ty le % nhat dinh tren gia tri hang hoa duoc cung cap cho khach hang Thu hai la chiet khau toan khach hang toan nhanh, toan thi se duoc chiet khau voi ty le cao - Cac dich vu sau ban hang nhu lap dat, dau noi tai tram dien cho khach hang, xu ly cac van de loi thiet bi, huong dan van hanh, bao hanh san pham Hien tai cong ty cung da lap doi ngu KCS de phuc vu cho hoat dong kiem tra hang hoa truoc xuat ban va sau ban hang Muon nang cao hieu qua san xuat kinh doanh thi cong ty phai thuc hien tot khau ban hang, dam bao san pham san xuat dat chat luong, khong bi hong hoc - Cac hoat dong sau ban hang phai duoc xu ly kip thoi khach hang co khieu nai, xu ly triet de dam bao san pham co the van hanh tot Day la hoat dong rat quan dem lai uy tin cho cong ty Chinh vi vay doi ngu can bo KCS cung phai la nguoi co trinh do, chuyen mon cao, de co the dua cac phuong an giai quydt hop ly cho khach hang Ngoai cdng ty cung phai giai • quyet nhung yeu cau khan cap tu khach hang ve viec cung cap bo sung thiet bi, nguoi thi cong viec ddu ndi va 85 lap dat thiet bi len tram, kiem tra giam sat qua trinh hoat dong cua san pham de dam bao sir an toan tuyet doi cho khach hang - Thuc hien tdt cac chinh sach khach hang, cham soc khach hang thudng xuyen nhat la cac khach hang Tong dien luc d mien Bac, Trung va Nam Do la nhung khach hang ldn cua cdng ty Vdi mdi nhom khach hang deu co nhung loi the va nhu cau su dung san pham rieng chinh vi vay cdng ty cung can cd nhung chinh sach cham soc rieng de dam bao sir hai long cua khach hang, sir phuc vu nhiet tinh tu viec cap hang cho den xu ly cac van de ve khieu nai, cac van de phat sinh qua trinh thi cdng lap dat cua khach hang 3.2.7 Tang cudng hoat dong thuong mai dien tic De phat trien hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau thi ap dung phuong phap thuong mai dien tu cung la mot each kha quan Bdi hien tren the gidi thuong mai dien tu dang tro xu hudng bien va duoc ap dung cang nhieu Chinh vi the ma cac doanh nghiep cd duoc nhieu thong tin hon, nam bat thi trudng ddi tac de dang hon, cung cd va thiet lap mdi quan he vdi ban hang de hon, rut ngan quy trinh san xuat, nhanh chong san pham mdi Nhat la ddi vdi nudc dang phat trien nhu nudc Viet Nam, thuong mai dien tu la rat quan hudng cac doanh nghiep vua va nho mot each lam sang tao hieu qua hon, nhanh hon Xay dung website cua cdng ty mot each hoan chinh, dang tai day du cac thong tin ve san pham de khach hang vao cd the tra cuu va xem dupe mau san pham, thong so ky thuat Do la each de khach hang tir moi noi cd the nhin mot each gian tiep san pham cua cdng ty cung nhu thong tin ve cdng ty de cd the tao su tin tuong hoat dong mua ban Mua ban san pham thong qua thuong mai dien tu la xu the hien cua nen kinh te Cac khach hang cd the luc chon san pham mau ma theo nhu cau su dung theo dung muc dich, de dang lien lac vdi nha cung cap de cd the dat mua va trao doi hang hoa, lay thong tin du lieu san pham Tuy nhien co van de bat cap la vdi dieu kien co so vat chat thuong mai dien tu hien thi Viet Nam dang so sai, chua cd nhieu ve doi ngu chuyen gia cdng nghe thong tin, chua mang tinh cap dan chuc, tang co so phap ly 86 chua chat che, chua theo tieu chuan quoc te Lua chon cac can bo ky thuat linh vuc cong nghe thong tin de co the xay dung trang thong tin khoa hoc, de su dung va co chat luong ve noi dung thong tin 3.2.8 Quan ly san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau - Quan ly chi phi san xuat hieu qua tranh su lang phi Chi phi doi vdi doanh nghiep rat la quan trong viec hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh Vi vay viec cat giam chi phi mot cach hop ly se dem lai hieu qua cao bo may san xuat kinh doanh, dam bao khong bi thua nguyen vat lieu, thiet bi gay lang phi duoc kiem soat mot cach chat che Quan ly chi phi san xuat se giup cho cong ty co ke hoach chi tieu viec mua hang va dau tu mot cach khoa hoc hon, dam bao viec su dung von tiet kiem va nang suat hon - Quan ly quy trinh san xuat dam bao chat luong san pham, thiet sai sot Cong ty can chu vao quy trinh san xuat hon de dam bao cac khau san xudt khong co su sai sot nham lan viec san xuat san pham, co nhu vay san pham mdi dam bao chat luong va hieu qua hon, nang suat hon Chinh vi viec quan ly cua cong ty cOn long leo nen dan den san pham nhieu bi loi va co su phan nan cua khach hang, lai mat them thdi gian de chinh sua, ton kem chi phi hon Quy trinh san xuat theo tung khau duoc giam sat va dung ISO thi nang xuat san pham se cao hon rat nhieu - Quan ly kho hang tot de san pham de lau khong bi hu hong hay san pham bi vo va dap Can bo quan ly kho can theo doi sat viec cac hang hoa can luu kho de kiem soat so luong va bao quan san pham tranh bi hu hong gay ton that tai chinh cho cong ty Viec quan ly can phai duoc theo doi va bao cao vdi lanh dao cong ty thudng xuyen de dua phuong phap giai quydt hang luu kho va giam so luong hang luu kho - Tang kha nang quan ly day chuyen: Cac khau san xuat can duoc su quan ly giam sat de dam bao san pham san xuat dat chat luong qua moi khau trudc hoan thien Dam bao duoc nhu vay thi san pham se khong bi gian doan viec hoan thien san pham cuoi cung trudc kiem tra tdng the va giao cho khach hang Ddng 87 thoi viec giam sat se giam ton that va nhan cong cho cong ty, nang cao hieu qua san xuat kinh doanh 3.3 Mot so kien nghi ve dieu kien 3.3.1 Kien nghi ddi voi Chinh Phu 3.3.1.1 Day manh cai each ho tru doanh nghiep - Trudc nhung kho khan cua doanh nghiep ve von cho hoat dong san xuSt kinh doanh, mat bang san xuat cung nhu cac chi phi khac thi nha nudc edn dua nhung chinh sach ve mien giam thue gia tri gia tang, thue thu nhap doanh nghiep, t r r r gia han thue gia tri gia tang tao ddng von luu dong phuc vu cho hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh bdi canh kinh te dang kho khan Dd la each giup true tiep cho cac doanh nghiep giam chi phi dau vao, on dinh san xuat, nang cao hieu qua san xuat kinh doanh Theo luat the TNDN thi viec giam thue TNDN thdng muc 22% nam 2014 xuong 20% nam 2016 Viec giam thue co tac dong tich cue ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep, giup cho cac doanh nghiep tang them loi nhuan, tao dong luc cho cac doanh nghiep day manh hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh, tang nang xuat cung nhu tang doanh thu - Chinh phu tiep tuc day manh cac hoat dong nhu thuc hien cac chinh sach quy tai chinh tin dung cho cac doanh nghiep nho va vira thdng qua ngan hang phat trien Viet Nam hay quy bao lanh tin dung dia phuemg ve viec ho tro vdn vay cho doanh nghiep Nham nang cao kha nang cap tin dung cho doanh nghiep dau tu vao linh vuc hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau Ddng thdi khuyen khich cac doanh nghiep phat trien san xuat - Nha nudc tiep tuc dua cac chinh sach ho tro doanh nghiep viec giam hang ton kho, tiep can vdi thi trudng thdng qua cac chuong trinh nhu hoi thao, gidi thieu quang ba san pham, md rong thi trudng tieu thu va ngoai nudc Giup cho cac doanh nghiep giam ganh nang ve viec thue kho bai de luu tru hang hoa giam thieu thiet hai ve su hu hong hang hoa 3.3.1.2 Day manh ung dung cdng nghe thdng tin 88 Ddi vdi mot doanh nghiep tham gia hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh tren bat cd lmh vuc nao cong nghe thong tin deu dong vai tro rat quan No cung cap cac thong tin can thiet lien quan den tinh hinh va ngoai nudc, tac dong true tiep hay gian tiep den viec kinh doanh Chinh vi vay, nham khdng ngirng tao dieu kien thuan loi cho cac doanh nghiep va day manh cai each thu tuc hanh chinh thdi gian vira qua cac thong tin ve hoi nhap kinh te quoc te, cac thong tin ve su phat trien cua the gidi, cac cai each ve thu tuc thue, hai quan deu duoc ung dung manh me cdng nghe thong tin Nhat la viec ke khai thu tuc hai quan, phai su dung hai quan dien tu thong qua he thong xu ly du lieu dien tu, giam bdt cac thu tuc rudm ra, ton thdi gian Tuy nhien viec thay ddi sang ke khai hai quan dien tu cung cd nhieu doanh nghiep chua quen nen cung can cd su hudng dan va cap nhat thong tin, gidi thieu den cac doanh nghiep de ho cd the nam bat ro, cd the lam viec nhanh hon 3.3.1.3 Hoi nhap kinh te quoc te theo chieu sau Hoi nhap kinh te quoc te lam mot nhung cdng to ldn cdng cuoc ddi mdi va phat trien dat nudc Trong nhung nam vira qua nudc ta da day manh tham gia hoi nhap vdi khu vuc, the gidi nhu WTO, ASEAN, AFTA, Rat nhieu hiep dinh thuong mai duoc ky ket vdi cac nudc tren the gidi nhien cdng dem lai cho chinh dat nudc chua thuc sir duoc hieu qua Bdi chinh mot phan la nudc ta chua chu den viec hoi nhap chinh dat nudc cua minh Chua cap tinh hinh hoi nhap tdi tat ca doi tuong nudc, nhat la ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam Chinh vi vay cac doanh nghiep dang thieu tarn nhin xa r r r \ t doi vdi nhung loi ich cua viec hoi nhap quoc te dem lai Nha nudc can day manh cdng tac tu tuong, tuyen truyen tu cap trung uong den cap dia phuong ve cac thong tin hoi nhap kinh te quoc te, bien rong rai nhan thuc cua xa hoi ve nhung noi dung mdi, nhung thay ddi mdi sau tham gia ky ket cac hiep dinh quoc te, khu vuc Cac bo, nganh, hiep hoi xay dung can tuyen truyen, hudng dan, ddi thoai true tiep vdi doanh nghiep nham giup doanh nghiep tiep can va hieu ro cac cam ket Khdng nhung the ma nha nudc can tao mot mdi trudng kinh doanh binh dang giua cac phan kinh te, giup cac doanh nghiep tu nhan cd sir canh tranh lanh 89 manh va phat huy dugc lgi the cua minh de phat trien moi trudng md cua va hoi nhap cang sau rong Bdi hien cac doanh nghiep nao nhan thuc rd ve tam quan trgng cua hoi nhap quoc te thi se la co hoi cho doanh nghiep phat trien cang manh, doanh nghiep nao ma khong nhan thuc dugc ve hoi nhap thi se la thach thuc ldn cho chinh doanh nghiep Bdi su thieu nhan thuc ve hoi nhap thi kha nang canh tranh vdi cac mat hang va ngoai nudc kem, cac chinh sach cung se bi lac hau kem hieu qua san xuat 3.3.1.4 Thay doi co che chinh sach cua nha nudc thdi budi hoi nhap Nha nudc dua cac chinh sach ve khuyen khich dau san xuat hang thay the nhap khau cu the theo hudng phu hgp vdi dinh hudng chuyen dich co cau kinh te r r r nam 2010-2020 Tiep tuc hoan thien chinh sach thue theo Id trinh cat giam cua WTO, cac hiep dinh khu vuc nham dam bao tu thuong mai hang hoa, tu di r \ r chuyen von dau tu va lao dong khu vuc cung nhu tren toan the gidi Tao mdi trudng thuong mai quoc te binh dang va md rong tren toan the gidi - Tiep tuc nghien cuu sua doi, bo sung de dam bao tinh thong nhat va minh nhung noi dung mau thuan giua vdi cac van ban phap luat khac va nhung noi dung khong rd rang co the hieu theo nhieu each khac nhau, giam den muc thap nhat cac trudng hgp ngoai le quy dinh phap luat thue - Tiep tuc day manh cai each hanh chinh thue va hai quan de phu hgp vdi gian hoa va minh bach hoa thu tuc thue va thu tuc hai quan da dugc Chinh phu xac dinh la trgng tam cdng tac nam 2015 va nhung nam tiep theo Chu truong can tiep tuc dugc quan triet va to chuc thuc hien nghiem tuc thdi gian tdi - Theo danh gia chung thi hien nay, he thong thue cua nudc ta co nhieu van de bat cap can xem xet, chua co tinh ddng bo giua cac ban nganh, cung nhu viec hudng dan cac dieu khoan thue den cac doanh nghiep chua dugc bien rong rai, nen cac doanh nghiep chua nam bat dugc het dan den qua trinh lam viec 90 3.3.2 Kien nghi ve cac dieu kien cua cdng ty CP Entec ky thuat nang luong 3.3.2.1 Kien nghi ve dieu kien ve cong nghe Ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau noi rieng va cac doanh nghiep tham gia hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh noi chung yeu cau ve ky thuat cdng nghe la rat can thiet Mot nhung yeu td lam cho hieu qua kinh te d cac doanh nghiep chua cao la thieu ky thuat, cdng nghe hien dai, may moc la may moc cung dung lai chu chua cd dieu kien de dau tu day chuyen san xuat hien dai nhu cac doanh nghiep nudc ngoai Bdi de dau tu duoc day chuyen cdng nghe hien dai cung can den ngudn vdn rat ldn va cd thd kha nang dap ung cua doanh nghiep la chua du Do vay van de nang cao ky thuat ddi mdi cdng nghe la van de luon duoc cac doanh nghiep quan tarn va chu den Tuy nhien viec dau tu vao khoa hoc cdng nghe khong phai vi khong du dieu kien ma doanh nghiep khong quan tarn Ma thay vao doanh nghiep se dau tu theo hudng cd hieu qua va phu hop vdi chinh sach, hoat dong san xuat cua cdng ty Cdng ty can du doan duoc cau cua thi trudng va cau cua doanh nghiep ve san pham thay the va hoan thien nhap khau cua cdng ty nhu the nao du kien den nam 2020 dd cd y dinh dau tu phu hop Dua tren nhung danh gia ve mat cung va cau cua thi trudng va cua cdng ty thi doanh nghiep lira chon cac loai cdng nghe, thiet bi may moc phu hop hon, hien dai hon de dem vao san xuat, tranh viec nhap cac thiet bi cdng nghe lac hau, loi thdi, dem lai hieu qua nang suat thap va o nhiem mdi trudng xung quanh Bai toan cua doanh nghiep la can phai dua dung hudng ve huy dong va su dung ngudn vdn de dau tu hien nay, ngudn vdn de ddi mdi cdng nghe, cac loai may « ’ ' moc dung de san xuat cac loai tu bang dien, hoan thien san pham vdi nhieu mat 91 hang han, thi viec dau tu vao ky thuat cong nghe mdi hieu qua dat so luang mong muon cua doanh nghiep Ngoai doanh nghiep cung can chu den viec su dung nguOn nguyen lieu mdi, nha cung cap mdi de san xuat san pham tot han, gia ca hap ly han cho tung loai san pham Chu dong duac nguon nguyen lieu thi doanh nghiep se khong bi anh hudng den qua trinh san xuat kinh doanh va cung cap cho khach hang dung thdi han Kien 3.3.2.2 nghi ve dieu kien ngudi Doi ngu lao dong cua cong ty hien cung duac danh gia cao ve mat ky nang, trinh tham gia vao qua trinh san xuat kinh doanh nhien no dang dung lai d muc cac san pham hien co cua doanh nghiep Vi vay ve ca ban doi ngu lao dong nhat la cac ky su thiet ke, cac can bo xuat nhap khau can phai duac nang cao trinh han thong qua cong tac dao tao d cac nha may nudc ngoai, cac ldp cong ty to chuc Doi ngu lao dong sang tao la nhan td quyet dinh den hieu qua hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh Vi vay cong ty can phai co su dau tu hap ly de phat trien, boi duong dao tao luc luang lao dong, doi ngu tri thuc co chat luang cao de co kha nang dap ung nhu cau hien cua xa hoi va phat trien cong ty mot ldn manh han Nang cao nghiep vu kinh doanh, trinh tay nghe cau doi ngu can bo khoa hoc, ky su, cong nhan ky thuat de co the khai thac tdt toi uu viec su dung nguyen vat lieu, su dung cac may moc hien dai, thiet bi cong nghe tien tien giam thieu viec sai xot qua trinh san xuat va van hanh cua thiet bi Trong cong tac tuyen dung va dao tao de phu hap vdi linh vuc hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien nhap khau thiet bi dien cua cong ty can yeu cau nha tuyen dung cua cong ty tuyen chon ky cang, ngudi co trinh do, am hieu ve thiet bi, ky thuat dien Khong nhung chi doi ngu nhan vien ma chinh cac nha lanh dao cung phai la ngudi co kien thuc ve cong nghe, khoa hoc, ve chuyen mon de co the van hanh tdt bo may cua minh 92 3.3.2.3 Kien nghi ve to chuc san xuat Mot doanh nghiep co the phat trien Ion manh hay khdng chinh la su phan chia bo may cua doanh nghiep mot each hop ly Kien nghi voi chinh doanh nghiep ve su thay doi rut gon bo may de gon nhe hon, nang dong hon, linh hoat hon truce su thay doi va bien dong kinh te nhu hien Hien hau het cac doanh nghiep van dang tinh trang kho khan vi anh huong cua khung hoang kinh te tren toan the gidi, no cong, keo theo viec san xuat kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep cung bi anh hudng theo Chinh vi vay vdi mot bo may lam viec khong bi chong cheo, khoa hoc, tan dung het kha nang cua nguon nhan luc, cac vi tri bo may cua cdng ty thi viec hoat dong kinh doanh cua cdng ty se on dinh va tap trung vao hoat dong san xuat duoc Nhan thay hien cdng ty CP Entec ky thuat nang luong ve bo may hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cd su thay doi lien tuc, chua on dinh dan den cac nha lanh dao chua tap trung vao hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh va van phai bi phan chia nhieu cdng viec cdng tac quan ly Cac nha lanh dao can phai xac dinh ro chuc nang, nhiem vu, quyen han, che trach nhiem giua cac bo phan mot cac ro rang hon, cu the hon de doanh nghiep cd the di vao ne nep, hoat dong mot each troi chay, tranh chong cheo va su dun day trach nhiem giua cac bo phan va ca nhan vdi Doanh nghiep phai thuong xuyen tri va dam bao su can doi tang cudng quan he giua cac bo phan phong ban qua trinh san xuat de nang cao tinh than lam viec, tinh chu dong sang tao mdi ca nhan hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh, nang cao hieu qua san xuat cho cdng ty He thong thong tin duoc trao doi viec san xuat kinh doanh de cac phdng ban biet cdng viec va trach nhiem cua minh can phai co su phan tich va danh gia cu the tiep nhan thong tin Va yeu cau he thong thong tin nhan duoc phai day du dap ung cac yeu cau thong tin, noi dung can thiet de di vao hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh Ngoai cac thong tin ve san xuat neu cd su thay doi thi can phai thong bao kip thdi den cac bo phan de cd the xu ly mot each nghiem tuc va triet de qua trinh san xuat kinh doanh, giam thieu ton that ma doanh nghiep phai chiu xay sai xot 93 r x 3.3.2.4 Kien nghi ve quan tri doanh nghiep Nen kinh te thi truong hien luon bien dong, nhat la cac qudc gia dang chieu rong nhu hien ddi hoi cac doanh nghiep phai thich ung vdi nhung bien dong ve su kien kinh te Cac nha quan tri doanh nghiep khong the bo qua duoc van de kinh te xa hoi, cac diem nong tren the gidi de chi quan tarn den viec hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua cdng ty Nhu vay la se bi thieu thdng tin va thieu su nhin nhan thi trudng va xu hudng cua the gidi Chinh vi vay cac doanh nghiep de co kha nang chong vdi nhung thay ddi cua thi trudng thi phai phai trien ca ve chien luge kinh doanh, tarn nhin xa thdi buoi hoi nhap kinh te qudc te, chien luge tan cdng thi trudng de dua nhung hudng di phu hgp cho cdng ty Nha lanh dao cdng ty can phai xay dung dugc chien luge kinh doanh cu the nhu sau: - Lanh dao cong ty can manh dan dau tu cdng nghe cao, day chuyen san xuat hien dai, may moc thiet bi de phat trien, cai tien cac san pham thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau cang dep hon, chat lugng tdt hon Cac nha quan tri cdng ty cung can phai nam ro ve cac cdng nghe mdi, nhung tien bo cua khoa hgc ky thuat thdi buoi hoi nhap kinh te qudc te nhu hien - Chien luge kinh doanh gan vdi thi trudng: Lanh dao cdng ty xay dung chien luge kinh doanh dua tren co sd dieu tra, nghien cuu rd nhu cau cua thi trudng hien ddi vdi cac san pham cdng ty dang san xuat thay the va hoan thien nhap khau de cd the khai thac tdi da cac thdi co, cac thuan lgi , cac ngudn luc de cd teh san xuat cac san pham chu dao, vdi sd lugng, chat lugng chung loai phu hgp vdi tinh hinh hien tai cua doanh nghiep Khi doanh nghiep cd chien luge ve san pham gan vdi thi trudng se tao dugc diem manh, gianh uu the canh tranh tren thi trudng thiet bi dien nhu hien - Cac chien luge lira chgn thdi diem mua nhap khau hang hgp ly de cd the mua nguyen lieu dau vao vdi gia tri thap nhat, khong nhung vay ma xu hudng nhan dinh su bien dong cua ty gia ngoai te so vdi tien nudc cd xu hudng tang giam 94 try > nhu the nao nhat la dong Euro va la la hai ddng ngoai te chinh viec giao dich hang hoa vdi nudc ngoai - Nha lanh dao phai dua duoc cac chinh sach ve thi trudng, ve gia ca, ve san pham, ve chien luoc marketing san pham de co the day manh nguon tieu thu hang hoa doi vdi san pham san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau cua r r cong ty Khong nhung the cong ty phai nhan dinh thi trudng Bac, Trung, Nam, nhan dinh thi trudng khach hang de co the phat huy toi da the manh cua cong ty, the manh cua san pham vao cong tac kinh doanh dem lai hieu qua kinh te cao - Lanh dao cong ty can co nhung chinh sach quan tri nhan su hop ly, phan cong nhiem vu dung vdi moi can bo lao dong de ho phat huy nang luc sd trudng cua minh Ngoai lanh dao cong ty cdn phai xay dung cac che luong thudng de khuyen khich can bo nhan vien lam viec hieu qua hon 95 KET LUAN r r r r r Trong boi canh quoc te hien nay, hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau thuc day qua trinh phat trien CNH-HDH nen kinh te nuoc nha Dong thoi gop phan nang cao trinh san xuat nuoc, giai quyet tinh trang mat can doi giua cung va cau, giua nhap khau va xuat khau Qua nghien cuu mot cach co he thong nhung van de ly luan co ban hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau thiet bi dien tai cong ty CP Entec Ky thuat nang luong, luan van da dat duoc mot so muc tieu nhu sau: Nghien cuu, phan tich mot cach co he thong tam quan cua hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau cua doanh nghiep Luan van da phan tich duoc nhung van de ly luan, nhan to anh hudng den hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau cua doanh nghiep Dac biet thoi ky CNH-HDH nhu hien thi van de san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau lai cang quan hon viec phat trien nen kinh te cua qudc gia Tren co sd ly luan ve cac van de lien quan den hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau tai doanh nghiep, luan van da trinh bay, danh gia duoc thuc trang hoat dong san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau thiet bi dien tai cong ty CP Entec ky thuat nang luong nhung nam gan day Cac ket qua dat duoc hoat dong san xuat cua cong ty rat dang khich le nhien cdn chua tuong xung voi kha nang phat trien cua cong ty Sau phan tich thuc trang hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua cong ty CP Entec ky thuat nang luong viec san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau, cung nhu viec danh gia san pham, nhung han che cua cong ty thi luan van da dua nhung dinh huong phat trien, giai phap de doanh nghiep co the phat trien ben vung hon, lon manh hon Dong thoi, de xuat mot so kien nghi doi voi nha nuoc, voi chinh doanh nghiep de co the dua nhung chinh sach tdt hon viec phat trien san xuat thay the va hoan thien san pham nhap khau thiet bi dien cua cong ty CP Entec noi rieng va cua cac doanh nghiep tren toan nuoc noi chung