E ,l+- t? \l!,oTS Tap chi Gi6o duc ISSN:2354-0753 (2022),nQ4,14-18 rruer xo cAu uoI ntN LUYEN TU'DUY rHln nIEN cuo HQc sINH TRoNG DAy Hec pslN snu Hec vt sINH vAT vA vtRus (sINH HQc 10) D{ng Thi Dq Thiiyl*, Phem Thi Phudng Atrht, Nguy6n Trang Nh# Article history R*eivd:2918D022 Accefid:201912022 rTruoag D4i hqc Su phpm - D4i hqc Hui:; 2Truong THCS vd THPT NguyAn Van Xien, xa Tan 'Ihanlu huygn An Minh, Ki€n Giang +Tdc gid lidn h( o Enail: dtdthry@)ueuni.edu.vn ABSTRACT Training critical thinking skill for sutdents is required in the context of leamers' comp€tency and quality-based educational innovation Using Published: 20/l 12022 questions to train critical thinking skill in teaching "Microorganism and virus" section is one ofthe measurcs to develop corc competerries for students such Keywords as biological competenry, pmblem-solving ard creativity compeency The paper Foposes a proc€ss ofdesigning questions for training critical thinking Questions, critical fi inking, biological competency, microorganisms, virus, Biology l0 skills The designed process is applied to develop oitical thinking raining questions in teaching "Metabolisrf gnowth and rcproduction in Microorganism ' topic @iology l0) l MOitiu phriLn bi€n (TDPB) li rn6j nhtng yeu c6u cim tlat cua ndng l1rc sinh hqc trinh mdn Sinh hgc d THPT HS nhAn vd chinh sua tluqc nhEng di6m sai; tllra tlugc nhtng nh6n chuong ph€ ptxin quan tinh lien toi chri d6 sinh hQc tsong thao ludn; girii trinh, phnn biQn, bao vQ k6t quri nghien crru alinh co giri5 phan.bien phpc, gini mSt cich thuy6t thich, tli.mh tluqc mQt s6 vin tl6 thgcti€n d mirc ilQ phil hqp (B0 GD-DT, 2018) Vi v{y, viQc ren luyQn TDPB cho HS lA can thi6t" ptrtr trqp voi ydu ciu d6i moi giSo duc theo dinh hudmg ph6t Hinh vd ph,it tri6n tu tri€n ndng 16 vd pham chat cfu HS NQi dung phAn "Sinh hqc Vi sinh v4t (VSV) vd virus" (Sinh hoc l0) bao gdm cdc kh6i niQm, qu.i rinh sinh li co ban nhu: chuydn h6a vat chat vi nang luqng, sinh,tnrong vi sinh sin cua VSV, ki€n thfc ung dung vd VSV; kluii nigrq c6u qo, chu trinh nh6n l€n cua virus tr! bio cht mot E!.thenh t\il ung dpng virus rong sd,n xuit (BQ GIDT, 2018) Cnc kiiin thuc rmg dung la ngudn ur liQu phong phti d6 x6y dlmg c.ic tinh huiing thgc d& ren luyen TDPB cho HS Vi v{y, hong qu.i trinh d4y hac,.Gv ntun \tng ki thuat thi6t ke c6a dang cau hoi nh6m p}xit triCn TDPB cua HS se gitp HS hinh tranh vi pldt tri6n ntrng lqc sinh hqc, nlng lgc giii quy6t v6n tl6 vd rfurC tao, neng cao hi4u quA day hqc Bdi hlo rinh bay kh.iLi niQm vd iiu tnic cua TDPB, tli xuit quy trinh thi6t k6 ciu hdi ren luyQn TDPB tong @y hac phen 'Sinh hqc VSV vi virus" (Sinh hoc l0) vd minh hoa quy trinh bang vi dp tong dly hqc chri de 'frao adi chet, sinh tsuong vd sinh sim d VS\l' K6t qui nghiGn cri'u 2.1 Tndny phin biQn TDPB (Critical thinking) ld mqt kluii niQm phuc t4p vi c6 nhiiu c.ich hidu kh.ia "TDPB ld w co sny xit phdn tich, danh gid va in hieu th6ng tin voi thdi dQ hodi nghi tich c1rc, sau ilo lqp luin vi cklmg minh h.ip luQn dy bang nhTng th6ng tin tfr ihro c kiAm ching & dm r.a mQt kit luQn cu6i citng mang nnh thryet phtc, phil hqp wti thry tiin yd quy lutlr logic nhim gni quyd cac win dd ddt ra" (Ynven BarL 2017, tr 125\ "'IDPB bao gin cdc ki ndng: di€n giii, phin tich, suy lud n, tldnh g i, giii thich vi tv di4u chinh; Ngoai ra, TDPB gdn li€n voi cric thtii tli ilqc tnmg nhu: lrung rh.uc, l6n trang ldp luin, ham lim toi, coi mo, kltach quan, cOng bdng, thin trpng ilua ro nhfing nhqn |inh, khiAm 6n, tluii dA U ,in, mqh dqn, ilong cdm" (Ngd V[ Thu HIng, 2018, h 59) Nhu vAy, TDPB la mdt qu.i trinh, nr bien chung ttugc hinh thanb vri ph,lt tridn qua qu.i trinh ren luygn tri q€ vii cric ning: phin tich mQt v6n d€ d nhi€u khia,c4nh kh,ic nhau; hp lugn k€t hqp voi minh chimg iliy alu d€ &inh gi6 crlc nhran d!n[ tl€ tlua phrin